阅读说明：本技术 一种杀虫用组合物及其应用 (Insecticidal composition and application thereof ) 是由 廖重宇 靳明辉 程英 萧玉涛 于 2019-09-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及杀虫剂领域。本发明的杀虫用组合物包括阿维菌素类药物和P糖蛋白特异性抑制剂。所述P糖蛋白特异性抑制剂优选为维拉帕米。本发明增强阿维菌素类药物的杀虫活性,可以适当减少田间农药的使用量,避免可能存在的农药残留量问题；增效剂对环境友好,不会对生态系统造成破坏；增效剂的使用能够显著增加斜纹夜蛾对阿维菌素类药物的敏感性；在不改变毒杀效果的前提下,可以适当减少阿维菌素类药物的使用量；不但可以节省杀虫剂的用量,提高原有杀虫剂的药效,而且还可以减轻杀虫剂对环境的压力和延缓害虫对杀虫剂的抗性。(The present invention relates to the field of pesticides. The insecticidal composition comprises abamectin medicaments and a P glycoprotein specific inhibitor. The P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor is preferably verapamil. The invention enhances the insecticidal activity of the avermectins, can properly reduce the using amount of field pesticides and avoid the possible pesticide residue problem; the synergist is environment-friendly and cannot damage an ecosystem; the use of the synergist can obviously increase the sensitivity of the prodenia litura to avermectins; on the premise of not changing the poisoning effect, the using amount of the abamectin medicaments can be properly reduced; not only can save the dosage of the insecticide and improve the pesticide effect of the original insecticide, but also can reduce the pressure of the insecticide on the environment and delay the resistance of pests to the insecticide.)

1. The insecticidal composition is characterized by comprising an avermectin drug and a P glycoprotein specific inhibitor, wherein the mass ratio of the avermectin drug to the P glycoprotein specific inhibitor is 1: 1-1: 9.

2. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the avermectin drug comprises avermectin and/or emamectin benzoate.

3. The pesticidal composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor is verapamil.

4. An insecticide comprising the insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. Use of the pesticidal composition of any one of claims 1 to 3 for killing pests.

6. Use according to claim 5, wherein the pests are lepidopteran and/or dipteran pests.

7. A process for preparing the insecticide of claim 4, comprising the steps of:

1) dissolving the avermectin medicaments by using an organic solvent, and then adding water to prepare avermectin medicament diluent;

2) adding a P glycoprotein specific inhibitor into the avermectin drug diluent prepared in the step 1) to prepare the pesticide.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein in the step 1), the concentration of the avermectin drug diluent is 1.35-6.44 μ g/mL.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pesticides, in particular to a pesticidal composition and application thereof.

Background

The abamectin is a widely used agricultural or veterinary bactericide, insecticide and acaricide. Emamectin benzoate, which is called emamectin benzoate, is a novel high-efficiency semi-synthetic antibiotic pesticide synthesized from a fermentation product, namely, abamectin B1, and has the characteristics of super-high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, no public nuisance and other biological pesticides. Is widely used for preventing and controlling various pests on crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, cotton and the like. Compared with abamectin, the insecticidal activity is improved by 3 orders of magnitude, the activity to lepidoptera and diptera insects is extremely high, and the abamectin compound has stomach toxicity and contact killing effects.

Prodenia litura belongs to prodenia of lepidoptera noctuidae, is a kind of omnivorous and binge eating pests, mainly harms various plants including cruciferous vegetables, and occurs in various regions in China. Although chemical control has the characteristics of high toxicity, quick response and the like, the prodenia litura has resistance to various insecticides, including abamectin and emamectin benzoate, due to the unreasonable use of the insecticides in the field for a long time.

The excessive use of the pesticide inevitably accelerates the development of the drug resistance of pests, brings a serious test to the pest control work, and simultaneously, the pesticide residue caused by the excessive use of the pesticide also easily causes the food safety problem. Therefore, how to maintain the control effect of the pesticide to achieve effective control under the condition that the pests have drug resistance is a problem to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition. In order to actively respond to the agricultural 'two-reduction' policy proposed by the country, a method which can play a role in enhancing the insecticidal activity of the insecticide on the original basis is hopefully explored, so that the using amount of the insecticide is reduced to a certain extent, the population number of field insects can be effectively controlled, and meanwhile, the rapid rise of the drug resistance of the field insects can be favorably slowed down. On the basis of understanding a relevant resistance mechanism, a synergistic method for preventing and controlling pests by avermectin medicaments (including avermectin and/or emamectin benzoate) is designed, the poisoning effect of the avermectin medicaments on the pests is enhanced without increasing the application amount, the overuse of the field avermectin medicaments is avoided, and the continuous and rapid increase of the resistance of the field avermectin medicaments is delayed.

The key point of the technical scheme is that a P glycoprotein specific inhibitor is added into avermectin drugs, and researches show that the inhibitor can effectively inhibit the transport function of the P glycoprotein in organisms and can play a synergistic effect on the insecticidal activity of certain insecticides. The feasibility and the practical effect of the technical scheme contained in the method are mainly verified based on the bioassay of the indoor prodenia litura on the avermectins. The specific scheme is as follows:

the insecticidal composition provided by the invention comprises an avermectin drug and a P glycoprotein specific inhibitor, wherein the mass ratio of the avermectin drug to the P glycoprotein specific inhibitor is 1: 1-1: 9; preferably, the avermectin medicament comprises avermectin and/or emamectin benzoate.

The pesticidal composition according to the present invention, wherein preferably the P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor is verapamil (verapamil).

The invention also provides a pesticide which comprises the insecticidal composition.

The invention also provides application of the insecticidal composition in killing pests. Especially in killing lepidopteran and/or dipteran pests such as, but not limited to, spodoptera litura, cotton bollworm, spodoptera frugiperda, and the like.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the pesticide, which comprises the following steps:

1) dissolving the avermectin medicaments by using an organic solvent, and then adding water to prepare avermectin medicament diluent;

2) adding a P glycoprotein specific inhibitor into the avermectin drug diluent prepared in the step 1) to prepare the pesticide.

According to the preparation method, the organic solvent in the step 1) acts as the solid for dissolving the avermectins, so that the organic solvent can be better prepared into an aqueous solution. The organic solvent can be any organic solvent capable of dissolving the abamectin drug solid preparation. Such as but not limited to acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the like. The concentration of the abamectin drug diluent is preferably 1.35-6.44 mu g/mL.

Further preferably, the P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor added in step 2) may be a solid or an aqueous solution of the P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor. When the P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor aqueous solution is used, the concentration of the solution can be configured according to the mass ratio relationship between the avermectin drug and the P glycoprotein-specific inhibitor, and the concentration and volume of the avermectin drug diluent. The water used in the present invention is pure water, such as, but not limited to, distilled water, ultrapure water, and the like.

The invention takes the detoxification and metabolism approach of pests to pesticides as a breakthrough, and by knowing the potential resistance mechanism of prodenia litura to emamectin benzoate, the inhibitor of detoxification and metabolism enzyme is added while the avermectin drugs are used to inhibit the detoxification and metabolism of prodenia litura to emamectin benzoate, so that the sensitivity of prodenia litura to the avermectin drugs is enhanced, the activity of the prodenia litura poisoned by the emamectin benzoate is obviously improved, the pests of the prodenia litura can be effectively controlled, the usage amount of the field avermectin drugs can be reduced to a certain extent, and the effect of green prevention and control is achieved.

The invention enhances the insecticidal activity of the avermectins, can properly reduce the using amount of the field avermectins, and avoids the possible pesticide residue problem; the synergist is environment-friendly and cannot damage an ecosystem; the use of the synergist can obviously increase the sensitivity of the prodenia litura to avermectins; on the premise of not changing the poisoning effect, the using amount of the abamectin medicaments can be properly reduced; not only can save the dosage of the insecticide and improve the pesticide effect of the original insecticide, but also can reduce the pressure of the insecticide on the environment and delay the resistance of pests to the insecticide.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

The bioassay of this example employed a surface smear method;

taking 900 mu L of artificial feed at about 70 ℃ to the bottom of a 24-hole culture plate, slightly shaking until the surface of the feed is flat and the hole wall has no feed adhesion, and naturally air-drying and coagulating;

a total of 7 concentration gradients of emamectin benzoate solution were set at 0.02. mu.g/mL, 0.05. mu.g/mL, 0.1. mu.g/mL, 0.2. mu.g/mL, 0.5. mu.g/mL, 1.0. mu.g/mL, and 2.0. mu.g/mL, respectively. The emamectin benzoate solutions with different concentrations are obtained by diluting the emamectin benzoate mother liquor dissolved with acetone in advance by pure water according to the corresponding proportion.

Adding 50 mu L of emamectin benzoate diluent with different concentrations to the surface of the feed, processing 2 culture plates with 24 holes in each concentration, and airing at room temperature for later use;

then, 50. mu.L of verapamil solution with concentration of 10ppm was added to the surface of the feed (1 24-well plate) to which the emamectin benzoate solution had been added and air-dried, and another 24-well plate to which the emamectin benzoate solution with the same concentration had been added was added with an equal volume (50. mu.L) of pure water as a control and air-dried at room temperature for use;

inoculating the larvae of 3-instar spodoptera litura after molting into a 24-pore plate, covering 1 head of each hole with nylon yarn to prevent the test insects from escaping, feeding the larvae under the conditions of 26 +/-1 ℃ and 16L:8D and RH 60%, and detecting the result after 5 days.

The test insects which completely die or can not crawl in a straight line after being touched by a writing brush are taken as die.

Calculating LC of the population under two different processing modes by using SPSS software₅₀(final lethal concentration) value, 95% confidence limit and Slope (Slope). By LC₅₀Values and 95% confidence limits to compare differences in sensitivity to emamectin benzoate between the two different treatments if their LC₅₀The 95% confidence limits of the two do not coincide indicating a significant difference between the two.

Table 1 comparison of sensitivity of two treatments to emamectin benzoate

The bioassay results in Table 1 show that there is LC of Heliothis litura p-Emamectin salt after Verapamil is added₅₀The value is reduced, and LC is performed under two treatment conditions₅₀The 95% confidence limits of the values do not coincide, indicating LC of the two₅₀The values are significantly different, and the result shows that the sensitivity of the prodenia litura to emamectin benzoate can be significantly improved by the ingestion of verapamil, in other words, the activity of the prodenia litura poisoned by the emamectin benzoate can be significantly enhanced by the verapamil, the synergistic ratio is 2.0, and the synergistic effect is obvious.

Therefore, the experimental result shows that verapamil can be considered as a synergist of the avermectins, and the verapamil and the avermectins are mixed and prepared for preventing and controlling the lepidoptera and/or diptera pests in the field.

Example 2

Preparing a first insecticide:

1) dissolving emamectin benzoate in acetone, and adding ultrapure water to prepare an emamectin benzoate diluent with the concentration of 1.35 mu g/mL;

2) 50mL of the prepared emamectin benzoate diluent is taken, and verapamil is added into the emamectin benzoate diluent to ensure that the mass ratio of the emamectin benzoate to the verapamil is 1:1, so that the pesticide I is prepared.

Preparing a second insecticide:

1) dissolving abamectin in DMSO, and then adding ultrapure water to prepare an abamectin diluent with the concentration of 5.0 mu g/mL;

2) taking 50mL of prepared abamectin diluent, adding verapamil into the abamectin diluent to ensure that the mass ratio of the abamectin to the verapamil is 1:5, and preparing the pesticide II.

Preparing a third insecticide:

1) dissolving emamectin benzoate in acetone, and adding ultrapure water to prepare an emamectin benzoate diluent with the concentration of 6.44 mu g/mL;

2) 50mL of the prepared emamectin benzoate diluent is taken, and verapamil is added into the emamectin benzoate diluent to ensure that the mass ratio of the emamectin benzoate to the verapamil is 1:9, so that the pesticide III is prepared.

The first insecticide, the second insecticide and the third insecticide were applied to the surface application method (the mixed insecticides were directly applied) in example 1, respectively, and the insecticidal effect was better than that of the control group without verapamil.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.