阅读说明：本技术 磁约束核聚变损失高能离子能量和螺旋角测量系统 (Magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ion energy and helix angle measuring system ) 是由 张轶泼 刘仪 于 2019-09-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种磁约束核聚变损失高能离子能量和螺旋角测量系统,它包括损失高能离子探测器、光路系统、真空密封调节、真空密封调节系统和信号采集系统,通过上述系统实现损失高能离子能量和螺旋角的同时测量。本发明的有益效果在于：本发明有效地解决了磁约束核聚变损失高能离子能量和螺旋角的测量问题,可同时获得损失快离子能量和螺旋角信息的测量,非常适用于磁约束核聚变装置损失高能粒子测量。(The invention discloses a system for measuring loss high-energy ion energy and a helix angle of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, which comprises a loss high-energy ion detector, a light path system, a vacuum seal adjusting system and a signal acquisition system, wherein the system is used for simultaneously measuring the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention effectively solves the problem of measuring the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, can simultaneously obtain the measurement of the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle information, and is very suitable for measuring the loss high-energy particles of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device.)

1. Magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ion energy and helix angle measurement system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a loss high-energy ion detector, a light path system, a vacuum seal adjustment system and a signal acquisition system, and the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle are measured simultaneously through the system.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: loss high energy ion detector including shielding protection box (1), scintillator screen (2) and entrance window (3), scintillator screen (2) are located the top of shielding protection box (1), entrance window (3) are located the side of shielding protection box (1).

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system comprises: the shielding protection box (1) is of a hollow cube structure.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the system comprises: the optical path system comprises a rotating shaft (4), an imaging optical path (12), a light splitter (18) and a light splitter (19), wherein the top end of the rotating shaft (4) is connected with a shielding protection box (1) of the high-energy ion loss detector, the imaging optical path (12) is located inside the rotating shaft (4), the light splitter (18) is connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft (4), and the light splitter (19) is located inside the light splitter (18).

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the vacuum seal adjusting system comprises a butt flange (5), a transition pipe (6), a vacuum gate valve (7), an observation window (8), a vacuum pumping port (9), a supporting platform (10), a vacuum pipeline (11), a ball screw (13), a rotary stepping motor (14) and a translation stepping motor (15), the butt flange (5) is connected with the transition pipe (6), the transition pipe (6) is connected with the vacuum gate valve (7), the transition pipe (6) is connected with the observation window (8), the observation window (8) is connected with the vacuum pipeline (11), the vacuum pumping port (9) is positioned below the observation window (8), the ball screw (13) is positioned below the vacuum pipeline (11), the rotary stepping motor (14) and the translational stepping motor (15) are positioned at the rear part of the vacuum pipeline (11), and the two ends of the vacuum pipeline (11) are fixed on the supporting platform (10) through the support.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the system comprises: the signal detection system comprises an image transmission optical fiber bundle (16), a photoelectric detection array (17), an imaging lens (20) and a high-speed camera (21), wherein the image transmission optical fiber bundle (16) and the imaging lens (20) are respectively connected with a light splitter (18) of the light path system, the rear end of the image transmission optical fiber bundle (16) is connected with the photoelectric detection array (17), and the rear end of the imaging lens (20) is connected with the high-speed camera (21).

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the system comprises: optical path system include axis of rotation (4), formation of image light path (12), spectroscope (18) and spectroscope (19), axis of rotation (4) top is connected with high energy ion loss detector's shielding protection box (1), formation of image light path (12) are located axis of rotation (4) inside, spectroscope (18) link to each other with the rear end of axis of rotation (4), spectroscope (19) are located spectroscope (18) inside, axis of rotation (4) pass flange (5), transition pipe (6), vacuum push-pull valve (7), vacuum drawing opening (9), vacuum pipeline (11) and rotatory step motor (14).

8. The system of claim 2 or 3, wherein the system comprises: the inner support material of the shielding protection box (1) is 304 stainless steel, and the outer protection material is graphite; the substrate of the scintillator screen (2) is made of quartz glass and has the thickness of 1mm, the scintillator material is ZnS (Ag), the thickness is 10 mu m, and the size of the scintillator screen is 25mm multiplied by 25 mm; the material of the entrance window (3) is 304 stainless steel, and the size of the entrance slit is 0.8mm multiplied by 2 mm.

9. The system of claim 43, wherein the system comprises: the rotating shaft (4) is made of stainless steel 304, the length of the rotating shaft is 2.0m, the outer diameter of the rotating shaft is 52mm, and the inner diameter of the rotating shaft is 50 mm; the imaging light path (12) is made of quartz glass and has an outer diameter of 50 mm; the material of the light splitter is stainless steel 304, 200mm cube, and the thickness is 2 mm; the spectroscope is made of quartz glass, and the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light is 1: 1.

10. The system of claim 6, wherein the system comprises: the pixels of the image transmission optical fiber bundle (16) are more than 1000; the focal length of the imaging lens (20) is 50mm, the maximum aperture F is 1.4, and the lens filter is 67 mm; pixels 1280 × 800 of the high-speed camera (21), full pixel frame rate 15 kfps.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion nuclear measuring device, and particularly relates to a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ion energy and helix angle measuring system, which is particularly suitable for accurately measuring the energy and helix angle of Tokamak plasma loss high-energy particles.

Background

The high-energy ion loss is important for maintaining the high confinement performance of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion plasma and the safe and stable operation of the device. Plasma in the fusion reactor is mainly heated by high-energy ions (alpha particles) generated by D-T fusion reaction, and if a large amount of alpha particles are lost out of the plasma, the fusion reactor cannot maintain self-sustaining operation, so that the operation is stopped. The high-flux high-energy ion lost plasma bombards the first wall of the device, so that the local thermal load of the first wall is overloaded, and then the wall material is wrinkled, melted and even damaged, thereby forming a serious threat to the safe operation and the service life of the device. Furthermore, when the energetic ions bombard the first wall, a large amount of impurities will enter the plasma, causing contamination of the plasma, which will greatly reduce the plasma quality. Therefore, the high-energy ion loss measurement system is a key diagnosis for developing research of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion high-energy ions.

At present, the high-energy ion measurement of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device can only provide high-energy ion loss rate information, or indirectly provide the high-energy ion information through neutron and gamma diagnosis, and can not directly measure and obtain the energy and helix angle information of the lost high-energy ions. Aiming at the defects of the conventional magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ion measuring system, the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ion measuring system provided by the invention adopts the three-dimensional high-energy ion entrance window and the ion imaging scintillation screen, so that the simultaneous measurement of the energy of the lost high-energy ion and the helical angle is realized, and the measurement problems of the energy of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ion and the helical angle are effectively solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a system for measuring the energy and the helix angle of high-energy ions in magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss, which can solve the problem of measuring the energy and the helix angle of the high-energy ions in magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the system comprises a loss high-energy ion detector, a light path system, a vacuum seal adjustment system and a signal acquisition system, and realizes the simultaneous measurement of the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle through the system.

The loss high-energy ion detector comprises a shielding protection box, a scintillator screen and an entrance window, wherein the scintillator screen is positioned at the top end of the shielding protection box, and the entrance window is positioned on the side face of the shielding protection box.

The shielding protection box is a hollow cube structure.

The optical path system comprises a rotating shaft, an imaging optical path, a beam splitter and a beam splitter, wherein the top end of the rotating shaft is connected with a shielding protection box of the high-energy ion loss detector, the imaging optical path is positioned inside the rotating shaft, the beam splitter is connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft, and the beam splitter is positioned inside the beam splitter.

The vacuum sealing adjusting system comprises a butt flange, a transition pipe, a vacuum gate valve, an observation window, a vacuum pumping port, a supporting platform, a vacuum pipeline, a ball screw, a rotary stepping motor and a translation stepping motor, wherein the butt flange is connected with the transition pipe, the transition pipe is connected with the vacuum gate valve, the transition pipe is connected with the observation window, the observation window is connected with the vacuum pipeline, the vacuum pumping port is positioned below the observation window, the ball screw is positioned below the vacuum pipeline, the rotary stepping motor and the translation stepping motor are positioned at the rear part of the vacuum pipeline, and the two ends of the vacuum pipeline are fixed on the supporting platform through a support.

The signal detection system comprises an image transmission optical fiber bundle, a photoelectric detection array, an imaging lens and a high-speed camera, wherein the image transmission optical fiber bundle and the imaging lens are respectively connected with a light splitter of the light path system, the rear end of the image transmission optical fiber bundle is connected with the photoelectric detection array, and the rear end of the imaging lens is connected with the high-speed camera.

The optical path system comprises a rotating shaft, an imaging optical path, a spectroscope and a spectroscope, wherein the top end of the rotating shaft is connected with a shielding protection box of the high-energy ion loss detector, the imaging optical path is positioned inside the rotating shaft, the spectroscope is connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft, the spectroscope is positioned inside the spectroscope, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a butt flange, a transition pipe, a vacuum gate valve, a vacuum pumping port, a vacuum pipeline and a rotary stepping motor.

The inner support material of the shielding protection box is 304 stainless steel, and the outer protection material is graphite; the substrate of the scintillator screen is made of quartz glass and has the thickness of 1mm, the scintillator material is ZnS (Ag), the thickness is 10 mu m, and the size of the scintillator screen is 25mm multiplied by 25 mm; the material of the incident window is 304 stainless steel, and the size of the incident slit is 0.8mm multiplied by 2 mm.

The rotating shaft is made of stainless steel 304, the length of the rotating shaft is 2.0m, the outer diameter of the rotating shaft is 52mm, and the inner diameter of the rotating shaft is 50 mm; the imaging light path is made of quartz glass and has an outer diameter of 50 mm; the material of the light splitter is stainless steel 304, 200mm cube, and the thickness is 2 mm; the spectroscope is made of quartz glass, and the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light is 1: 1.

The pixel of the image transmission optical fiber bundle is more than 1000; the focal length of the imaging lens is 50mm, the maximum aperture F is 1.4, and the lens filter is 67 mm; pixel 1280 × 800 for high speed camera, full pixel frame rate 15 kfps.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention effectively solves the problem of measuring the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, can simultaneously obtain the measurement of the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle information, and is very suitable for measuring the loss high-energy particles of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring the energy of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion loss high-energy ions and a helix angle provided by the invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a shielding protection box 1, a scintillator screen 2, an entrance window 3, a rotating shaft 4, a butt flange 5, a transition tube 6, a vacuum gate valve 7, an observation window 8, a vacuum pumping port 9, a supporting platform 10, a vacuum pipeline 11, an imaging optical path 12, a ball screw 13, a rotating stepping motor 14, a translation stepping motor 15, an imaging optical fiber bundle 16, a photoelectric detection array 17, a beam splitter 18, a beam splitter 19, an imaging lens 20 and a high-speed camera 21.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.

The current magnetic confinement fusion loss high-energy ion measurement can only provide high-energy ion loss rate information or indirectly provide the high-energy ion information through neutron and gamma diagnosis, but cannot directly measure the energy and the helical angle of the lost high-energy ions.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a system for measuring the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, which comprises a loss high-energy ion detector, a light path system, a vacuum seal adjustment system and a signal acquisition system, wherein the system is used for simultaneously measuring the loss high-energy ion energy and the helix angle.

As shown in fig. 1, the loss high-energy ion detector can realize incidence control and imaging conversion of loss high-energy ions, and specifically includes a shielding protection box 1, a scintillator screen 2 and an incidence window 3. The shielding protection box 1 is a hollow cube structure, the scintillator screen 2 is located at the top end of the shielding protection box 1, and the entrance window 3 is located on the side face of the shielding protection box 1. The shielding protection box 1 comprises an outer protection and an inner support, wherein the inner support is made of 304 stainless steel, and the outer protection is made of graphite; the substrate of the scintillator screen 2 is made of quartz glass with the thickness of 1mm, the scintillator material is ZnS (Ag) with the thickness of 10 mu m, and the size of the scintillator screen is 25mm multiplied by 25 mm; the material of the entrance window 3 is 304 stainless steel, and the entrance slit size is 0.8mm × 2 mm.

The loss high-energy ion detector is arranged at the top end of a rotating shaft 4 of the optical path system.

As shown in fig. 1, the optical path system includes: a rotating shaft 4, an imaging light path 12, a beam splitter 18 and a beam splitter 19. The top end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected with the shielding protection box 1 of the high-energy ion loss detector, the imaging light path 12 is positioned inside the rotating shaft 4, the light splitter 18 is connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft 4, and the light splitter 19 is positioned inside the light splitter 18. Wherein, the rotating shaft 4 is made of stainless steel 304, the length is 2.0m, the outer diameter is 52mm, and the inner diameter is 50 mm; the imaging light path 12 is made of quartz glass and has an outer diameter of 50 mm; the light splitter 18 is made of stainless steel 304, 200mm cube and 2mm in thickness; the spectroscope 19 is made of quartz glass, and the ratio of transmitted light to reflected light is 1: 1.

As shown in figure 1, the vacuum seal adjustment system is used for realizing the accurate positioning adjustment of a loss high-energy ion probe in a vacuum chamber of the device and the vacuum butt joint with a magnetic confinement nuclear fusion device. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the device comprises a butt flange 5, a transition pipe 6, a vacuum gate valve 7, an observation window 8, a vacuum pumping port 9, a supporting platform 10, a vacuum pipeline 11, a ball screw 13, a rotary stepping motor 14 and a translation stepping motor 15. The butt flange 5 is connected with the transition pipe 6, the transition pipe 6 is connected with the vacuum gate valve 7, the transition pipe 6 is connected with the observation window 8, the observation window 8 is connected with the vacuum pipeline 11, the vacuum pumping port 9 is positioned below the observation window 8, and the ball screw 13 is positioned below the vacuum pipeline 11. A rotary stepping motor 14 and a translational stepping motor 15 are located at the rear of the vacuum duct 11. The two ends of the vacuum pipeline 11 are fixed on the supporting platform 10 through brackets. A rotating shaft 4 in the optical path system sequentially penetrates through a butt flange 5, a transition pipe 6, a vacuum gate valve 7, a vacuum pumping port 9, a vacuum pipeline 11 and a rotary stepping motor 14. Wherein, the butt flange 5 is made of stainless steel 304 with a diameter of 100 mm; the transition pipe 6 is made of stainless steel 304, phi 100mm and length 100 mm; the material of the vacuum gate valve 7 is stainless steel 304 with the diameter of 100 mm; the observation window 8 is made of quartz glass with the diameter of 100mm and the thickness of 5 mm; the material of the vacuum pumping port 9 is stainless steel 304 with the diameter of 25 mm; the supporting platform 10 is made of stainless steel 304, and has a length of 1.5m and a width of 0.4 m; the vacuum pipeline 11 is made of stainless steel 304 with the diameter of 80mm and the length of 1500 mm; the material of the ball screw is stainless steel 304, the length is 1m, the diameter is 10mm, and the thread pitch is 1 mm; a rotary stepper motor, model TELESKY TB6600, with an output torque of 1.2 Nm.

The signal detection system is connected with the rear end of a vacuum pipeline 11 of the vacuum sealing regulation system.

As shown in fig. 1, the signal detection system includes: an image transmission optical fiber bundle 16, a photoelectric detection array 17, an imaging lens 20 and a high-speed camera 21. The image transmission optical fiber bundle 16 and the imaging lens 20 are respectively connected with the light splitter 18 of the light path system, the rear end of the image transmission optical fiber bundle 16 is connected with the photoelectric detection array 17, and the rear end of the imaging lens 20 is connected with the high-speed camera 21. Wherein, the image transmission optical fiber bundle is 16, 50mm is multiplied by 50mm, and the pixel is more than 1000; the photoelectric detection array 17 is 10 multiplied by 10, and the end face is 50mm multiplied by 50 mm; 20 parts of an imaging lens, 50mm of focal length, 1.4 parts of maximum aperture F and 67mm of a lens filter; high speed camera 21, pixels 1280 × 800, full pixel frame rate 15 kfps.

The invention can realize the simultaneous measurement of the ion energy and the helix angle of the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion high-energy loss, and the principle is as follows: high-energy loss ions enter the shielding protection box 1 from the entrance window 3, bombard the scintillator screen 2 along magnetic lines of force to generate visible light spots, and the positions of the spots on the scintillator screen reflect the energy and the helical angle of the high-energy loss ions. The facula image enters the optical splitter 18 through the imaging optical path 12, the spectroscope 19 divides the image into two paths, one path is detected by the photoelectric detection array 17 through the image transmission optical fiber bundle 16 to obtain the high-energy ion loss rate evolution; the other path enters the imaging lens 20 and is detected by the high-speed camera 21 to obtain a high-energy ion loss image. The invention effectively solves the problem of simultaneous measurement of the energy and the helix angle of the high-energy ions lost in the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, and is very suitable for the loss measurement of the high-energy ions in the magnetic confinement nuclear fusion.