阅读说明：本技术 一种导线振动传感器及其多源微能量供电装置 (Lead vibration sensor and multi-source micro-energy power supply device thereof ) 是由 张明皓 宋睿 张树华 潘东 程登峰 汪胜和 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种导线振动传感器及其多源微能量供电装置,结构简单,设计合理,体积小巧,能够高效的实现导线振动传感器的供电和大范围布置。所述多源微能量供电装置包括,用于将导线振动能量转化为第一电能的振动能量收集器,用于将光伏能量转化为第二电能的太阳能电池板,用于电能采集和管理的第一能量管理单元和第二能量管理单元；其中所述第一能量管理单元的电能输入端连接所述振动能量收集器的输出端,所述第二能量管理单元的电能输入端连接所述太阳能电池板的输出端；电能输出端分别连接储能单元的电能输入端。(The invention provides a lead vibration sensor and a multi-source micro-energy power supply device thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and small volume, and can efficiently realize power supply and large-range arrangement of the lead vibration sensor. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device comprises a vibration energy collector, a solar panel, a first energy management unit and a second energy management unit, wherein the vibration energy collector is used for converting the vibration energy of a wire into first electric energy; the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel; the electric energy output ends are respectively connected with the electric energy input ends of the energy storage units.)

1. A multi-source micro-energy power supply device is characterized by comprising,

a vibration energy harvester for converting wire vibration energy into first electrical energy,

a solar panel for converting photovoltaic energy into second electrical energy,

the system comprises a first energy management unit and a second energy management unit for collecting and managing electric energy; the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel; and the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for supplying power.

2. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device of claim 1, wherein the input of the first energy management unit is connected to the output of the vibration energy harvester via a rectifier.

3. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the first energy management unit comprises a regulator, an ADP5091 chip and a voltage regulator which are connected in sequence.

4. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device of claim 1, wherein the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are both ADP5091 energy management units.

5. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising an energy storage unit for storing electrical energy; the electric energy input end of the energy storage unit is respectively connected with the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit.

6. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage unit comprises a first energy storage unit for storing first electric energy and a second energy storage unit for storing second electric energy.

7. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device of claim 5, wherein the energy storage unit comprises a common energy storage unit for storing the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy simultaneously.

8. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage unit adopts a super capacitor and a lithium titanate battery which are connected in parallel.

9. A wire vibration sensor, comprising,

a housing;

the solar cell panel is arranged on the outer side of the top surface of the shell and used for converting photovoltaic energy into second electric energy;

the vibration energy collector, the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are arranged in the shell, and the vibration energy collector is used for converting vibration energy of the wire into first electric energy;

the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for collecting and managing electric energy, the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel;

the accelerometer, the main control unit and the wireless transmission module are arranged in the shell and are sequentially connected;

the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for being connected with the power supply end of the main control unit for supplying power.

10. The wire vibration sensor according to claim 9, wherein said main control unit is configured to perform control such that,

acquiring vibration acceleration collected by an accelerometer;

calculating a vibration characteristic value according to the vibration acceleration, wherein the vibration characteristic value is vibration amplitude and frequency;

and transmitting the vibration characteristic value to a wireless transmission module for sending.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of on-line monitoring of power transmission lines, in particular to a lead vibration sensor and a multi-source micro-energy power supply device thereof.

Background

Breeze vibration is wire vibration due to excitation by wind. The wind speed at which the vibration phenomenon occurs is generally in the range of 0.5 to 10m/s, but it has been found in recent years that strong vibration is observed even when the wind speed is 10m/s or more in the case where the terrain is flat and the external disturbance is small. Under the condition that the vibration isolator is not installed on the lead, the maximum double amplitude of the breeze vibration is not more than 2 times of the diameter of the lead, and the vibration frequency range is 3-120 Hz. The duration of vibration is relatively long, typically several hours, sometimes up to several days.

In a power transmission line, breeze vibration is a main cause of damage to the line. The characteristic of high frequency and small amplitude is not obvious like the damage of line galloping, has certain concealment, is sometimes difficult to find from the outer surface of a transmission conductor but from the inner layer of the conductor, brings certain difficulty to line repair work, is usually found after an anti-vibration device is damaged and falls off or a strand is broken due to fatigue, and the damage caused at the moment is serious. Therefore, the method has important significance for enhancing the monitoring of the aeolian vibration of the high-voltage overhead line conductor.

At present, on the basis of a breeze vibration monitoring method of a power transmission line, a mode of additionally installing a vibration sensor is mostly adopted, a low-power consumption wireless communication technology is utilized, the breeze vibration condition of a high-voltage power transmission line is collected in real time, sensing data are transmitted to a data base station on a tower, and monitoring information is sent to a background. However, the sensor on the power transmission line is difficult to supply power, so that the application of a lot of breeze vibration sensors is restricted. The adoption of the method of induction power taking leads to larger device volume, the adoption of solar power supply is influenced by illumination time, and the efficiency is difficult to improve.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a lead vibration sensor and a multi-source micro-energy power supply device thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and small volume, and can efficiently realize the power supply and large-range arrangement of the lead vibration sensor.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a multi-source micro-energy power supply device comprises,

a vibration energy harvester for converting wire vibration energy into first electrical energy,

a solar panel for converting photovoltaic energy into second electrical energy,

the system comprises a first energy management unit and a second energy management unit for collecting and managing electric energy; the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel; the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are respectively connected with the electric energy input end of the energy storage unit.

Optionally, the input end of the first energy management unit is connected to the output end of the vibration energy collector through a rectifier.

Optionally, the first energy management unit includes a regulator, an ADP5091 chip, and a voltage regulator, which are connected in sequence.

Optionally, the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are both ADP5091 energy management units.

Optionally, the device further comprises an energy storage unit for storing electric energy; the electric energy input end of the energy storage unit is respectively connected with the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit.

Optionally, the energy storage unit includes a first energy storage unit for storing the first electric energy and a second energy storage unit for storing the second electric energy.

Optionally, the energy storage unit includes a common energy storage unit that stores the first electric energy and the second electric energy simultaneously.

Optionally, the energy storage unit adopts a super capacitor and a lithium titanate battery which are connected in parallel.

A wire vibration sensor includes a first sensor unit having a first sensor electrode,

a housing;

the solar cell panel is arranged on the outer side of the top surface of the shell and used for converting photovoltaic energy into second electric energy;

the vibration energy collector, the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are arranged in the shell, and the vibration energy collector is used for converting vibration energy of the wire into first electric energy;

the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for collecting and managing electric energy, the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel;

the accelerometer, the main control unit and the wireless transmission module are arranged in the shell and are sequentially connected;

the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for being connected with the power supply end of the main control unit for supplying power.

Optionally, the main control unit is configured to perform the following control,

acquiring vibration acceleration collected by an accelerometer;

calculating a vibration characteristic value according to the vibration acceleration, wherein the vibration characteristic value is vibration amplitude and frequency;

and transmitting the vibration characteristic value to a wireless transmission module for sending.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

according to the invention, a two-way energy management unit is designed in parallel, and simultaneously, the vibration energy collected by the vibration energy collector and the photovoltaic energy collected by the solar cell panel are accessed, so that the function of collecting two ways of micro energy is realized, and the micro energy is uniformly output to the wireless sensor for power supply. Through an innovative environment energy-taking and power-supplying scheme, long-time maintenance-free operation of the wireless vibration sensor under a power grid scene is realized.

Furthermore, the two paths of energy collecting systems are respectively connected with the lithium titanate battery and the super capacitor, so that the service life of the lithium titanate battery is greatly prolonged while the two paths of energy storage elements are applied in a balanced manner.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-source micro-energy power supply device in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of another multi-source micro-energy power supply device according to example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the first energy management unit in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of another multi-source micro-energy power supply device in example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of another multi-source micro-energy power supply device according to example 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the energy storage unit in examples 2 and 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of another multi-source micro-energy power supply device in example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing the structure of the wire vibration sensor in example 4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

As used in this disclosure, "module," "device," "system," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. In particular, for example, an element may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. Also, an application or script running on a server, or a server, may be an element. One or more elements may be in a process and/or thread of execution and an element may be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers and may be operated by various computer-readable media. The elements may also communicate by way of local and/or remote processes based on a signal having one or more data packets, e.g., from a data packet interacting with another element in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network in the internet with other systems by way of the signal.

Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Aiming at the application environment of the transmission line wire vibration sensor, under the vibration environment, the vibration energy acquisition technology is adopted to convert mechanical energy into electric energy, and great practical significance is achieved for supplying energy to the breeze vibration wireless sensor network. The vibration energy collector is based on the electromagnetic induction principle, and generates induction potential by changing the relative position of the permanent magnet and the magnetic induction coil, so that the induction voltage is output and electric energy is stored, and the collection of vibration energy is realized. With the development of micro-electro-mechanical technology and micro-nano processing technology, the coil and the permanent magnet gradually realize planarization and miniaturization, the energy collector and the vibration sensor are integrated in a miniaturized mode, and the practical degree of the vibration energy collector is improved.

The lead vibration sensor provided by the invention is used as a lead vibration monitoring device, and the power supply of the lead vibration sensor adopts a mode of jointly supplying power by using multiple environmental energies. One is vibration energy harvesting and the other is photovoltaic energy harvesting. The vibration energy is derived from electrical energy generated in the vibration energy harvester due to vibration of the wire; photovoltaic energy is derived from the electrical energy generated by solar irradiation of a photovoltaic panel.

The wire vibration monitoring device is internally provided with a vibration energy collector, and a photovoltaic solar panel is arranged above the device. Inside the device, the miniature vibration energy collector is integrated with the photovoltaic energy collection, and the electric energy is stored through the combination of the super capacitor and the lithium titanate battery, so that the combined power supply is performed on the vibration sensor, the continuous operation time of the vibration sensor is effectively improved, and a new form is provided for the power supply of the sensor. As described in the following examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a multi-source micro-energy power supply device, comprising: the device comprises a vibration energy collector, a solar panel, a first energy management unit and a second energy management unit, wherein the vibration energy collector is used for converting wire vibration energy into first electric energy, the solar panel is used for converting photovoltaic energy into second electric energy, and the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for collecting and managing the electric energy; the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel; the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are respectively connected with the electric energy input end of the energy storage unit.

The vibration energy collector is based on the electromagnetic induction principle, and based on the mutual movement of the movable magnet and the fixed coil, the coil cuts the magnetic induction line to generate weak alternating current. In order to convert weak alternating current into a direct current circuit for facilitating energy collection, the unidirectional conductivity of a Schottky diode is utilized to connect alternating current output by a coil into a Wheatstone full-bridge mode, and alternating current with alternately changed directions is converted into pulse direct current with a single direction. And inputs the rectified current to the energy management unit as shown in fig. 2.

In the preferred embodiment, the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are both ADP5091 energy management units; the energy management unit adopts a power management system taking an ADP5091 chip as a core, can realize high-efficiency conversion on the collected limited energy (in the range of 16 microwatts to 600 milliwatts), and has the working loss of a sub-microwatt level. As shown in fig. 3, the first energy management unit includes a regulator, an ADP5091 chip, and a voltage regulator, which are connected in sequence; with an internal cold start circuit, the regulator can start at an input voltage as low as 380 mV; after cold start, the regulator can operate normally in the input voltage range of 80mV to 3.3V. Meanwhile, the integrated voltage stabilizer outputs, so that the area of a circuit board is reduced to the maximum extent.

Because transmission line's wire vibration sensor is located the field, possesses the solar charging condition, consequently, sets up photovoltaic solar panel simultaneously and carries out photovoltaic energy and gather. Because the output current of the photovoltaic panel is weak direct current, the photovoltaic energy is collected by the second energy management unit. And continuous high-power output of the solar cell panel is realized through the maximum power point configuration function in the ADP5091 chip.

Example 2

On the basis of example 1, the present invention further includes an energy storage unit including a first energy storage unit for storing first electric energy and a second energy storage unit for storing second electric energy. Thereby being respectively used for storing the vibration energy and the electric energy after the photovoltaic energy is converted, as shown in figure 4. The first energy storage unit and the second energy storage unit both adopt a super capacitor and a lithium titanate battery which are connected in parallel, as shown in fig. 6. The multi-source micro-energy power supply device obtained on the basis is shown in fig. 7.

Lithium titanate batteries are used as energy storage elements. Because the monitoring device is installed in the field, the requirement on high and low temperature cycle performance is extremely high, and lithium titanate has good charge-discharge characteristics within the range of-40 ℃ to +70 ℃, and the cycle life is much longer than that of the conventional common lithium battery. Therefore, the sensor is more convenient to operate for a long time under outdoor conditions.

A super capacitor is applied as a rapid charging and discharging element. The electrochemical capacitor has the characteristics of quick charge and discharge of the capacitor and the energy storage characteristic of a battery, and is an electrochemical capacitor with high energy density. Since the sensors transmit data in a wireless fashion, an instantaneous higher power output is required. The super capacitor and the lithium titanate battery are connected in parallel and jointly used as an energy storage element, so that the wide temperature characteristic of multi-path power supply is realized, the rapid discharge frequency of the lithium titanate battery is reduced, and the service life of a power supply unit is effectively prolonged.

Example 3

On the basis of example 1, the energy storage unit in the present invention includes a common energy storage unit that stores the first electric energy and the second electric energy at the same time. Therefore, the size can be further reduced, the control is simplified, and the adaptability is improved while the vibration energy and the electric energy after photovoltaic energy conversion are stored, as shown in fig. 5. The common energy storage unit also adopts a super capacitor and a lithium titanate battery which are connected in parallel, as shown in fig. 6.

Lithium titanate batteries are used as energy storage elements. Because the monitoring device is installed in the field, the requirement on high and low temperature cycle performance is extremely high, and lithium titanate has good charge-discharge characteristics within the range of-40 ℃ to +70 ℃, and the cycle life is much longer than that of the conventional common lithium battery. Therefore, the sensor is more convenient to operate for a long time under outdoor conditions.

A super capacitor is applied as a rapid charging and discharging element. The electrochemical capacitor has the characteristics of quick charge and discharge of the capacitor and the energy storage characteristic of a battery, and is an electrochemical capacitor with high energy density. Since the sensors transmit data in a wireless fashion, an instantaneous higher power output is required. The super capacitor and the lithium titanate battery are connected in parallel and jointly used as an energy storage element, so that the wide temperature characteristic of multi-path power supply is realized, the rapid discharge frequency of the lithium titanate battery is reduced, and the service life of a power supply unit is effectively prolonged.

Example 4

On the basis of the above example, the present invention further provides a wire vibration sensor, as shown in fig. 8, which includes a housing, a solar panel disposed outside a top surface of the housing, the solar panel being configured to convert photovoltaic energy into second electric energy; the vibration energy collector, the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are arranged in the shell, and the vibration energy collector is used for converting vibration energy of the wire into first electric energy; the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for collecting and managing electric energy, the electric energy input end of the first energy management unit is connected with the output end of the vibration energy collector, and the electric energy input end of the second energy management unit is connected with the output end of the solar panel; the accelerometer, the main control unit and the wireless transmission module are arranged in the shell and are sequentially connected; the electric energy output ends of the first energy management unit and the second energy management unit are used for being connected with the power supply end of the main control unit for supplying power. The main control unit is used for executing the following control to acquire the vibration acceleration collected by the accelerometer; calculating a vibration characteristic value according to the vibration acceleration, wherein the vibration characteristic value is vibration amplitude and frequency; and transmitting the vibration characteristic value to a wireless transmission module for sending.

Specifically, the multi-source energy acquisition device is packaged in a lead vibration sensor, and the sensor is integrated with a main control unit, an accelerometer and a wireless transmission module. And arranging a solar panel outside the top surface of the sensor, and leading wires to the multi-source micro-energy collecting circuit board. The mutual movement direction of the magnet and the coil of the vibration energy collector is consistent with the vibration direction of the lead, and the vibration energy collector is fixed according to the method. The accelerometer is used for sampling vibration acceleration, vibration amplitude and frequency are calculated in the main control unit, and then vibration characteristic values are sent out through the wireless transmission module, so that original data are prevented from being sent, and power consumption of the sensor is further reduced. Through the innovation of a power supply mode and the innovation of data edge calculation, open source throttling of electric energy is realized, and wide arrangement of battery-powered sensors is realized.

The sustainable power supply method of the sensor is monitored through lead vibration based on vibration micro-energy collection and photovoltaic energy taking combined power supply; and the high-reliability power supply method realizes active equalization and discharge protection of the battery based on the parallel connection of two independent lithium titanate batteries and a super capacitor in an outdoor wide-temperature environment.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.