阅读说明：本技术 一种半固态流变成形浆料制备及定量转运的装置与方法 (Device and method for preparing semi-solid rheoforming slurry and quantitatively transferring ) 是由 张大伟 胡凌豪 杨光灿 赵升吨 于 2020-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种半固态流变成形浆料制备及定量转运的装置与方法,包括熔化炉及其下方连接的电磁搅拌与超声振动复合室,电磁搅拌与超声振动复合室的出料口和转运设备配合,转运设备和压铸设备配合实现进料；本发明复合运用了超声振动和电磁搅拌两种方式进行浆料制备和浆料性能维持,提高并保证了金属液的质量,减少了金属液的损耗,提高了铸造件的整体性能,从而实现了半固态浆料制备、保存、转运到铸造的整个连续的工艺流程。(A device and a method for preparing semi-solid rheoforming slurry and quantitatively transferring the slurry comprise a melting furnace and an electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration compound chamber connected below the melting furnace, wherein a discharge port of the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration compound chamber is matched with transferring equipment, and the transferring equipment is matched with die casting equipment to realize feeding; the invention compositely uses two modes of ultrasonic vibration and electromagnetic stirring to prepare the slurry and maintain the performance of the slurry, improves and ensures the quality of the molten metal, reduces the loss of the molten metal and improves the overall performance of a casting part, thereby realizing the whole continuous process flow of preparing, storing and transferring the semi-solid slurry to casting.)

1. The utility model provides a device that semisolid state rheoforming thick liquids were prepared and quantitative transportation which characterized in that: the feeding device comprises a melting furnace (I) and an electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite chamber (II) connected below the melting furnace, wherein a discharge port of the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite chamber (II) is matched with a transfer device (III), and the transfer device (III) is matched with a die casting device (IV) to realize feeding.

2. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 1, wherein: the melting furnace (I) comprises a melting crucible (9), a melting furnace heat-insulating layer (8) and an induction coil (7) are sequentially arranged outside the melting crucible (9), the induction coil (7), the melting furnace heat-insulating layer (8) and the melting crucible (9) are coaxially arranged on a melting furnace bottom plate (11), and a furnace cover (1) is additionally arranged at the upper part of the melting furnace; a first thermocouple (4) is arranged in the melting crucible (9), the upper end part of the first thermocouple (4) penetrates through the furnace cover (1), the lower end part of the first thermocouple (4) is inserted into a metal melt (10) in the melting crucible (9), a first hollow plug rod (3) and a second hollow plug rod (6) are arranged in the melting crucible (9) in a bilateral symmetry manner, the upper end parts of the first hollow plug rod (3) and the second hollow plug rod (6) penetrate through the furnace cover (1), the lower end part of the first hollow plug rod (3) and the second hollow plug rod (6) are in contact fit with a discharge hole at the bottom of the melting crucible (9), a second thermocouple (2) is arranged at the centers of the first hollow plug rod (, the upper parts of the third thermocouple (5), the second thermocouple (2) and the third thermocouple (5) penetrate through the furnace cover (1), and the lower parts of the third thermocouple, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple penetrate through the whole melting furnace (I) through a discharge hole of the melting crucible (9) and are inserted into the stirring crucible (12).

3. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 2, wherein: the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration combined chamber (II) comprises a stirring crucible (12), a first preheater (13), a heat insulation layer (14), a first cooling system (15), a first electromagnetic stirrer (32) and a first shell (33) are sequentially arranged outside the stirring crucible (12), a cover plate (38) is additionally arranged at the upper end parts of the first preheater (13), the heat insulation layer (14), the first cooling system (15), the first electromagnetic stirrer (32) and the first shell (33), and the bottom parts of the first preheater (13), the heat insulation layer (14), the first cooling system (15), the first electromagnetic stirrer (32) and the first shell (33) are all arranged on a bottom plate (16); a cooling rod (34) is arranged at the center of the inner part of the stirring crucible (12), the lower end part of the cooling rod (34) is in sealed contact with a discharge hole of the stirring crucible (12), a cubic groove is processed at the axis of the upper end surface of the cooling rod, 3 groups of ultrasonic vibration heads (35) are arranged on a first transducer (36) at equal intervals and are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction, and the upper part of the first transducer (36) is connected to a melting furnace bottom plate (11) through a second spring (36-1); 4 traction electromagnets (39) are symmetrically arranged at the upper end part of the cooling rod (34) along the radial direction, the upper ends of the traction electromagnets (39) are connected with the melting furnace bottom plate (11), a slurry outlet pipeline (29) is arranged at the discharge port of the stirring crucible (12), and a turning valve (30) and a high-temperature liquid flowmeter (17) are arranged on the slurry outlet pipeline (29).

4. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 3, wherein: the traction electromagnet (39) comprises a first spring (39-1), an iron core (39-2), a frame and a coil (39-3), the lower part of the iron core (39-2) is connected with the spring (39-1), and the upper part of the iron core (39-2) is connected with the frame and the coil (39-3); the upper part of the traction electromagnet (39) is connected to the melting furnace bottom plate (11) through a frame and a coil (39-3), and the lower part of the traction electromagnet (39) is arranged on the cooling rod (34) through a first spring (39-1).

5. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 3, wherein: and each 1 of the 3 groups of ultrasonic vibration heads (35) comprises 4 ultrasonic vibration heads (35) which are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction.

6. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 3, wherein: a power line channel (40) is formed in the melting furnace bottom plate (11), and a pin (40-2) is arranged in the power line channel (40); all power lines of the first energy converter (36) and the traction electromagnet (39) penetrate through the small hole in the melting furnace bottom plate (11) and are connected with external equipment through a power line channel (40).

7. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 1, wherein: the transfer device (III) comprises a transfer crucible (26), and a second preheater (27), a first heat preservation layer (28), a second cooling system (19) and a second electromagnetic stirrer (18) are sequentially arranged outside the transfer crucible (26); an amplitude transformer (25), a second transducer (24) and an ultrasonic generation controller (23) are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the transfer crucible (26) from top to bottom; the upper end part of the amplitude transformer (25) is embedded into a groove at the bottom of the transfer crucible (26), the second preheater (27), the first heat preservation layer (28), the second cooling system (19), the second electromagnetic stirrer (18), the amplitude transformer (25), the second transducer (24) and the ultrasonic generation controller (23) jointly form a transfer device (20), and the bottom of the transfer device (20) realizes reciprocating motion on the track (22) through the track wheel (21).

8. The apparatus for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry according to claim 7, wherein: the die casting equipment (IV) comprises a liquid storage chamber (52), and the semi-solid slurry (41) conveyed by the transfer device (20) passes through the furnace door (42) and is poured and stored in the liquid storage chamber (52); a metal liquid heater (43) is arranged in the liquid storage chamber (52), a pressure chamber (45) is arranged in the liquid storage chamber (52), and a jet piston (44) is arranged above the pressure chamber (45); the pressure chamber (45) is communicated with a pouring gate of the die casting mould through a gooseneck (46);

the die casting mold comprises a fixed mold (48) connected to a shaping seat plate (47) and a movable mold (50) connected to a movable mold seat plate (51), the fixed mold (48) and the movable mold (50) are matched to form a cavity (49), and the cavity (49) is communicated with a pouring gate of the die casting mold;

a second heat-insulating layer (53) is arranged on the outer layer of the liquid storage chamber (52), a third electromagnetic stirrer (54) is arranged on the outer layer of the second heat-insulating layer (53), and a second shell (55) is wrapped on the outer layer of the whole liquid storage chamber (52).

9. The method for applying the device for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, a metal raw material A is directly heated to a molten state in a melting crucible (9) at a temperature T₁At +/-5 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation and soaking by adopting an induction coil (7) for a duration of t₁Wherein the temperature T of the metal melt₁Controlling the temperature to be 10-30 ℃ above the liquidus line of the metal raw material A;

step 2, opening and closing of a discharge hole at the bottom of the melting crucible (9) are realized by controlling the up-and-down movement of the first hollow plug rod (3) and the second hollow plug rod (6), so that the molten metal (10) is poured and flows into a preheated stirring crucible (12), wherein the preheating temperature T of the stirring crucible (12)₂Controlling the temperature to be 80-100 ℃ below the liquidus line of the material A;

step 3, when the metal melt in the stirring crucible (12) is cooled to the liquidus line, starting electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite preparation on the metal melt in the stirring crucible (12) according to the frequency, time and current parameters required by the process;

step 4, when the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic action time reaches a preset value t₃Then, the cooling rod (34) is controlled by a traction electromagnet (39) to move upwards, so that the slurry is poured and flows into a preheated transfer crucible (26) on a transfer device (20), and the temperature of the slurry is T₃And the preheating temperature T of the transfer crucible (26)₄Is controlled at T₃10-30 ℃ below; according to the numerical value displayed by the instrument on the high-temperature liquid flowmeter (17), the turnover valve (30) is opened and closed in time and the cooling rod (34) is controlled to move up and down, so that the quantification of each transfer is ensured;

step 5, covering and sealing the semi-solid slurry in the transfer crucible (26), setting frequency, ultrasound, current and time parameters according to process requirements, starting a second electromagnetic stirrer (18) and an ultrasound generation controller (23), and performing electromagnetic stirring and ultrasound vibration compounding on the slurry in the transfer crucible (26) to maintain the physical properties of the semi-solid slurry or continuously process the slurry which is not processed;

and 6, carrying the transfer crucible (26) by the transfer device (20) to the die casting equipment IV along the track (22), and when the temperature of the slurry measured by a thermocouple on the transfer crucible (26) is T₅While passing through the second preheatingThe device (27) carries out heat preservation and soaking on the slurry in the transfer crucible (26) to ensure the organization and the performance of the slurry, wherein the temperature T of the slurry₅Is maintained at T₃5-10 ℃ below;

step 7, opening a furnace door (42) of the liquid storage chamber (52), adding the semi-solid slurry (41), preserving heat and storing to keep the temperature at T₅Plus or minus 5 ℃; when in production, the injection hammer head (44) rises, slurry in the liquid storage chamber (52) enters the pressure chamber (45), after the die is closed, the injection hammer head (44) presses downwards, molten metal is filled into a die-casting die cavity (49) along the gooseneck (46) for solidification and forming, the injection hammer head (44) rises again, the die is opened, a casting is taken out, and a die-casting cycle is completed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of semi-solid metal processing and casting forming, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing semi-solid rheoforming slurry and quantitatively transferring the slurry.

Background

The Metal Semi-solid forming technology (Semi-solid Metal Processing) has two main process routes: rheoforming (Rheoforming) and Thixoforming (Thixoforming). The thixoforming is a semi-solid forming method which is widely applied in the early stage, but because the metal blank needs secondary heating, the energy consumption is higher, the surface oxidation of the blank is serious, the blank loss is excessive, and the production route is lengthened, the total production cost is very high, and the production benefit is greatly influenced. The semi-solid rheoforming is to directly form the slurry, so the method has the advantages of high material utilization rate, short flow, high production efficiency and the like, and is more in applicable alloy variety, but the slurry subjected to the rheoforming is difficult to store and has harsh conditions required in the conveying process, so that certain difficulty is brought to the practical production and application of the slurry, and the rheoforming technology is an important research direction of the semi-solid processing technology in the future.

So far, in the metal semi-solid slurry preparation technology, the electromagnetic stirring pulping method occupies a leading position, belongs to a non-contact stirring method, has flexible and convenient parameter control, does not pollute a melt, but causes different tissues of semi-solid slurry tissues in the radial direction of a pulping chamber due to skin effect, is difficult to be uniform, and has strict requirements on equipment.

In order to overcome the problem of skin effect existing in the pulping by an electromagnetic stirring method, a method for preparing metal semisolid slurry by an annular seam type electromagnetic stirring (A-EMS) method is provided by Zhang Shifeng and the like. But the cooler occupies a large space in the center of the electromagnetic stirrer, so that the amount of the slurry prepared each time is very limited compared with the traditional electromagnetic stirring method, and the production speed and efficiency are greatly influenced.

When the ultrasonic vibration acts on the metal melt, the crystal grains can be refined, the structure can be homogenized, the degassing effect is realized, and the mechanical property of the part can be effectively improved; but the ultrasonic sound pressure shows a tendency of sharp attenuation with the distance from the end face of the ultrasonic head. When the metal melt is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, the amplitude transformer can be inserted below the liquid level to directly act on the metal melt, but the amplitude transformer is easily corroded and pollutes the metal melt. Therefore, the metal melt in the container can be treated in a mode that the amplitude transformer is tightly contacted with the wall of the container, thereby not only avoiding corrosion and pollution, but also ensuring the utilization rate of sound energy.

Chinese patent (publication No. CN102062543B) discloses an electromagnetic stirring and vibration composite device for preparing a ferrous metal semi-solid slurry, which lacks measures of sealing transportation and slurry maintenance during the process of conveying the semi-solid slurry to a die for rheoforming, so that the structure of the semi-solid slurry cannot be well guaranteed, and the quality of the subsequent processed parts is affected; and the vibration motor on the device generates larger exciting force in the vertical direction, so that the service life of the whole equipment can be reduced; secondly, the exciting force can reduce the precision of the electromagnetic stirrer of the stirring chamber part and influence the electromagnetic stirring effect.

The prior preparation technology of the rheoforming semi-solid slurry has the following defects: most preparation devices adopt stirring, vibration or simple compounding, and various problems that a stirring head or an amplitude transformer is easy to corrode and pollute a melt, the utilization rate of sound energy is low, the vibration effect is not obvious, the skin effect causes uneven tissue performance, the device space is large, the slurry preparation efficiency is low and the like generally exist; secondly, in the process of transferring the rheoforming slurry, effective slurry performance guarantee measures such as electromagnetic stirring, vibration and the like are lacked, so that the problems of reduced nucleation, thick primary phase, non-round shape and the like of a slurry tissue are easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for preparing semi-solid rheoforming slurry and quantitatively transferring the slurry, which compositely use two modes of ultrasonic vibration and electromagnetic stirring to prepare the slurry and maintain the performance of the slurry, improve and ensure the quality of the semi-solid slurry, reduce the loss and improve the overall performance of parts, thereby realizing the whole continuous process flow of preparing, storing and transferring the semi-solid slurry to casting.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a device of semisolid-state rheoforming slurry preparation and quantitative transportation, includes that melting furnace I and the electromagnetic stirring of below connection and ultrasonic vibration compound chamber II, the discharge gate and the transfer equipment III cooperation of electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration compound chamber II, transfer equipment III and the cooperation of die-casting equipment IV realize the feeding.

The melting furnace I comprises a melting crucible 9, a melting furnace heat-insulating layer 8 and an induction coil 7 are sequentially arranged outside the melting crucible 9, the induction coil 7, the melting furnace heat-insulating layer 8 and the melting crucible 9 are coaxially arranged on a melting furnace bottom plate 11, and a furnace cover 1 is additionally arranged at the upper part of the melting furnace; a first thermocouple 4 is arranged in a melting crucible 9, the upper end of the first thermocouple 4 penetrates through a furnace cover 1, the lower end of the first thermocouple 4 is inserted into molten metal 10 in the melting crucible 9, a first hollow plug rod 3 and a second hollow plug rod 6 are arranged in the melting crucible 9 in a bilateral symmetry mode, the upper ends of the first hollow plug rod 3 and the second hollow plug rod 6 penetrate through the furnace cover 1, the lower end of the first hollow plug rod 3 and the lower end of the second hollow plug rod 6 are in contact fit with a discharge port in the bottom of the melting crucible 9, a second thermocouple 2 and a third thermocouple 5 are respectively arranged at the centers of the first hollow plug rod 3 and the second hollow plug rod 6, the upper portions of the second thermocouple 2 and the third thermocouple 5 penetrate through the furnace cover 1, and the lower portions of the second thermocouple 2 and the second hollow.

The electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration compound chamber II comprises a stirring crucible 12, a first preheater 13, a heat insulation layer 14, a first cooling system 15, a first electromagnetic stirrer 32 and a first shell 33 are sequentially arranged outside the stirring crucible 12, a cover plate 38 is additionally arranged at the upper ends of the first preheater 13, the heat insulation layer 14, the first cooling system 15, the first electromagnetic stirrer 32 and the first shell 33, and the bottoms of the first preheater 13, the heat insulation layer 14, the first cooling system 15, the first electromagnetic stirrer 32 and the first shell 33 are all arranged on a bottom plate 16; a cooling rod 34 is arranged at the center of the inner part of the stirring crucible 12, the lower end part of the cooling rod 34 is in sealed contact with a discharge hole of the stirring crucible 12, a cubic groove is processed at the axis of the upper end surface of the cooling rod 34, 3 groups of ultrasonic vibration heads 35 are arranged on a first transducer 36 at equal intervals and are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction, and the upper part of the first transducer 36 is connected to the bottom plate 11 of the melting furnace through a second spring 36-1; 4 traction electromagnets 39 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end part of the cooling rod 34 along the radial direction, the upper ends of the traction electromagnets 39 are connected with the melting furnace bottom plate 11, a slurry outlet pipeline 29 is arranged at the discharge port of the stirring crucible 12, and a turnover valve 30 and a high-temperature liquid flowmeter 17 are arranged on the slurry outlet pipeline 29.

The traction electromagnet 39 comprises a first spring 39-1, an iron core 39-2, a frame and a coil 39-3, the lower part of the iron core 39-2 is connected with the spring 39-1, and the upper part of the iron core 39-2 is connected with the frame and the coil 39-3; the upper part of the traction electromagnet 39 is connected to the melting furnace bottom plate 11 through a frame and a coil 39-3, and the lower part of the traction electromagnet 39 is mounted on the cooling bar 34 through a first spring 39-1.

And each 1 of the 3 groups of ultrasonic vibration heads 35 comprises 4 ultrasonic vibration heads 35 which are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction.

The melting furnace bottom plate 11 is provided with a power line channel 40, and a pin 40-2 is arranged in the power line channel 40; all power lines of the first transducer 36 and the traction electromagnet 39 penetrate through the small hole on the bottom plate 11 of the melting furnace and are connected with external equipment through a power line channel 40.

The transfer device III comprises a transfer crucible 26, and a second preheater 27, a first heat preservation layer 28, a second cooling system 19 and a second electromagnetic stirrer 18 are sequentially arranged outside the transfer crucible 26; an amplitude transformer 25, a second transducer 24 and an ultrasonic generation controller 23 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the transfer crucible 26 from top to bottom; the upper end part of the amplitude transformer 25 is embedded into a groove at the bottom of the transfer crucible 26, the second preheater 27, the first heat-preservation layer 28, the second cooling system 19, the second electromagnetic stirrer 18, the amplitude transformer 25, the second transducer 24 and the ultrasonic generation controller 23 jointly form a transfer device 20, and the bottom of the transfer device 20 realizes reciprocating motion on the track 22 through the track wheel 21.

The die casting equipment IV comprises a liquid storage chamber 52, and the semi-solid slurry 41 conveyed by the transfer device 20 is poured and stored in the liquid storage chamber 52 through the furnace door 42; a metal liquid heater 43 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 52, a pressure chamber 45 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 52, and a jet piston 44 is arranged above the pressure chamber 45; the pressure chamber 45 is communicated with a pouring gate of the die casting mould through a gooseneck 46;

the die casting mold comprises a fixed mold 48 connected to a fixed mold seat plate 47 and a movable mold 50 connected to a movable mold seat plate 51, the fixed mold 48 and the movable mold 50 are matched to form a cavity 49, and the cavity 49 is communicated with a gate of the die casting mold;

a second heat-insulating layer 53 is arranged on the outer layer of the liquid storage chamber 52, a third electromagnetic stirrer 54 is arranged on the outer layer of the second heat-insulating layer 53, and a second shell 55 is wrapped on the outer layer of the whole liquid storage chamber 52.

The method for applying the device for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry comprises the following steps:

step 1, a metal raw material A is directly heated to a molten state in a melting crucible 9 at a temperature T₁At +/-5 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation and soaking by adopting an induction coil 7 for a duration of t₁Wherein the temperature T of the metal melt 10₁Controlling the temperature to be 10-30 ℃ above the liquidus line of the metal raw material A;

step 2, controlling the up-and-down movement of the first hollow plug rod 3 and the second hollow plug rod 6 to open and close a discharge hole at the bottom of the melting crucible 9, so that the metal melt 10 is poured into a preheated stirring crucible 12, wherein the preheating temperature T of the stirring crucible 12₂Controlling the temperature to be 80-100 ℃ below the liquidus line of the material A;

step 3, when the metal melt in the stirring crucible 12 is cooled to the liquidus line, starting electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite preparation on the metal melt in the stirring crucible 12 according to the frequency, time and current parameters required by the process;

step 4, when the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic action time reaches a preset value t₃Then, the cooling rod 34 is controlled by the pulling electromagnet 39 to move upwards, so that the slurry is poured into the preheated transfer crucible 26 on the transfer device 20, and the temperature of the slurry is T₃And the preheating temperature T of the transfer crucible 26₄Is controlled at T₃10-30 ℃ below; according to the numerical value displayed by the meter on the high-temperature liquid flowmeter 17, the turnover valve 30 is opened and closed in time and the cooling rod 34 is controlled to move up and down, so that the quantitative transfer of the slurry every time is ensured;

step 5, covering and sealing the semi-solid slurry in the transfer crucible 26, setting frequency, ultrasound, current and time parameters required by the process, starting the second electromagnetic stirrer 18 and the ultrasound generation controller 23, and performing electromagnetic stirring and indirect ultrasound vibration compounding on the slurry in the transfer crucible 26 to maintain the physical properties of the semi-solid slurry or continuously process the slurry which is not processed;

step 6, the transfer device 20 carries the transfer crucible 26 to move to the die casting equipment IV along the track 22, and when the temperature of the slurry measured by the thermocouple on the transfer crucible 26 is T₅In the process, the slurry in the transfer crucible 26 is subjected to heat preservation and soaking through the second preheater 27 to ensure the organization and the performance of the slurry, wherein the temperature T of the slurry₅Is maintained at T₃5-10 ℃ below;

step 7, opening the furnace door 42 of the liquid storage chamber 52, adding the slurry 41, preserving heat and storing to keep the temperature at T₅Plus or minus 5 ℃; when production is carried out, the injection hammer head 44 rises, slurry in the liquid storage chamber 52 enters the pressure chamber 45, after die assembly is carried out, the slurry is filled into the die-casting die cavity 49 along the gooseneck 46 to be solidified and formed when the injection hammer head 44 presses downwards, the injection hammer head 44 rises again, the die is opened, a casting is taken out, and a die-casting cycle is completed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention compositely applies two processes of electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration in the slurry preparation and the slurry transfer, has simple and convenient operation and short flow, avoids the slurry from being polluted, improves the efficiency of the slurry preparation, ensures the stability of the texture performance of the slurry, and is particularly suitable for the rheoforming process;

2. the indirect ultrasonic vibration is added into the cooling rod, so that the pulping effect is enhanced firstly, and the size of the cooling rod is reduced to the greatest extent compared with annular seam type electromagnetic stirring, so that the preparation amount of the pulp at each time is improved, and the pulping efficiency is improved;

3. the cooling rod is controlled to move up and down by the traction electromagnet to realize pouring, and the device is simple in structure, flexible and easy to operate, and time-saving and labor-saving; the quantitative preparation and the accurate transportation can be realized through the high-temperature liquid flowmeter and the turnover valve, and the error is small;

4. electromagnetic stirring and heat preservation and insulation measures are applied to semi-solid slurry in the slurry transferring and die-casting processes, so that excellent organization performance of the slurry in the whole process flow is ensured to the maximum extent, and the quality of processed parts is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the electromagnet.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power line channel of a backplane.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the device for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry comprises a melting furnace I and an electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite chamber II connected below the melting furnace I, wherein a discharge port of the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite chamber II is matched with a transfer device III, and the transfer device III is matched with a die casting device IV to realize feeding.

Referring to fig. 1, the melting furnace I comprises a melting crucible 9, a melting furnace heat-insulating layer 8 and an induction coil 7 are sequentially arranged outside the melting crucible 9, the induction coil 7, the melting furnace heat-insulating layer 8 and the melting crucible 9 are coaxially arranged on a melting furnace bottom plate 11, and a furnace cover 1 is additionally arranged at the upper part of the melting furnace; the melting crucible 9 is made of corundum, and is hard in texture and high-temperature resistant; a first thermocouple 4 is arranged in the melting crucible 9, the upper end part of the first thermocouple 4 penetrates through the furnace cover 1, and the lower end part of the first thermocouple 4 is inserted into the metal melt 10 in the melting crucible 9 to measure the temperature of the metal melt 10; the temperature control mode of the first thermocouple 4 can adopt closed loop and PID control; first cavity gag lever post 3 and second cavity gag lever post 6 have been set up to bilateral symmetry in melting crucible 9, the upper end of first cavity gag lever post 3 and second cavity gag lever post 6 passes bell 1, the lower tip contacts the cooperation with the discharge gate of melting crucible 9 bottom, first cavity gag lever post 3, the center of second cavity gag lever post 6 is equipped with second thermocouple 2 and third thermocouple 5 respectively, bell 1 is all passed on second thermocouple 2 and third thermocouple 5 upper portion, the discharge gate of melting crucible 9 is passed through to the lower part, pass whole melting furnace I, insert in stirring crucible 12 for measure the temperature of the metal melt in stirring crucible 12.

Referring to fig. 1, the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite chamber ii includes a stirring crucible 12, a first preheater 13, a thermal insulation layer 14, a first cooling system 15, a first electromagnetic stirrer 32 and a first housing 33 are sequentially disposed outside the stirring crucible 12, a cover plate 38 is additionally disposed at the upper ends of the first preheater 13, the thermal insulation layer 14, the first cooling system 15, the first electromagnetic stirrer 32 and the first housing 33, and the bottoms of the first preheater 13, the thermal insulation layer 14, the first cooling system 15, the first electromagnetic stirrer 32 and the first housing 33 are all mounted on a bottom plate 16; in order to reduce damage and corrosion to the first electromagnetic stirrer 32, heat insulation and cooling measures need to be taken, so that a heat insulation layer 14 and a first cooling system 15 are arranged, the first cooling system 15 is provided with a cooling water inlet 31 and a cooling water outlet 37, and the cooling water pipeline is in a serpentine spiral shape, so that the cooling water can better cool the first electromagnetic stirrer 32; a cooling rod 34 is arranged at the center of the inner part of the stirring crucible 12, and the cooling rod is in a screw rod shape, so that the adverse effect caused by the skin effect is overcome, the stirring effect is enhanced, and the temperature field and the speed field are more uniform; the lower end part of the cooling rod 34 is in closed contact with the discharge hole of the stirring crucible 12, a cubic groove is processed at the axis of the upper end surface of the cooling rod, 3 groups of ultrasonic vibration heads 35 are installed on the first energy converter 36 at equal intervals and are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction, and the upper part of the first energy converter 36 is connected to the melting furnace bottom plate 11 through a second spring 36-1; 4 traction electromagnets 39 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end part of the cooling rod 34 along the radial direction, the upper ends of the traction electromagnets 39 are connected with the melting furnace bottom plate 11, and power wires inside the traction electromagnets 39 are connected with external equipment through a channel 40 formed in the melting furnace bottom plate 11; the opening and closing of the discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring crucible 12 are realized by switching on and off the traction electromagnet 39 so as to drive the cooling rod 34 to move up and down; the discharge gate department of stirring crucible 12 has set up thick liquids outlet pipe 29, has installed upset valve 30 and high temperature liquid flowmeter 17 on thick liquids outlet pipe 29, through reading the numerical value that the instrument shows on high temperature liquid flowmeter 17, in time opens and shuts upset valve 30, realizes the quantitative pouring, reduces the loss of thick liquids.

Referring to fig. 2, the traction electromagnet 39 comprises a first spring 39-1, an iron core 39-2, a frame and a coil 39-3, wherein the lower part of the iron core 39-2 is connected with the first spring 39-1, and the upper part of the iron core 39-2 is connected with the frame and the coil 39-3; the upper part of the traction electromagnet 39 is connected to the melting furnace bottom plate 11 through a frame and a coil 39-3, and the lower part of the traction electromagnet 39 is arranged on the cooling rod 34 through a first spring 39-1; when the coil is electrified, the iron core 39-2 is magnetized and then is attracted by the frame and the armature iron in the coil 39-3, so that the cooling rod 34 is driven to move upwards, and the discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring crucible 12 is opened; when the coil is powered off, the magnetism disappears, the cooling rod 34 moves downwards under the action of the dead weight, the first spring 39-1 and the second spring 36-1, and the discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring crucible 12 is closed; the cooling rod 34 is internally provided with a groove, 3 groups of ultrasonic vibration heads 35 are arranged in the cooling rod, the end parts of the ultrasonic vibration heads 35 are in close contact with the inner wall of the groove of the cooling rod 34 and are arranged on the first transducer 36 at equal intervals, each group comprises 4 ultrasonic vibration heads 35 which are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction, and the purpose is to ensure that the slurry in the stirring crucible 12 is subjected to ultrasonic vibration in the vertical direction and enhance the pulping effect.

Referring to fig. 3, a power line channel 40 is formed on the melting furnace bottom plate 11, and a pin 40-2 is arranged inside the power line channel 40 for better fixing and placing a power line 40-1 therein; all power lines of the first energy converter 36 and the traction electromagnet 39 penetrate through the small holes on the bottom plate 11 of the melting furnace and are connected with external equipment through a power line channel 40, corrosion and damage of high temperature to a power line 40-1 can be greatly reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Referring to fig. 1, the transfer device iii comprises a transfer crucible 26, and a second preheater 27, a first heat preservation layer 28, a second cooling system 19 and a second electromagnetic stirrer 18 are sequentially arranged outside the transfer crucible 26; an amplitude transformer 25, a second transducer 24 and an ultrasonic generation controller 23 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the transfer crucible 26 from top to bottom; the upper end part of the amplitude transformer 25 is embedded into a groove at the bottom of the transfer crucible 26, so that the positioning is convenient, the close contact can greatly reduce the loss of sound waves and improve the energy utilization rate; the second preheater 27, the first heat-preservation layer 28 and the second cooling system 19 are all arranged in a surrounding manner, and the first heat-preservation layer 28 and the second cooling system 19 are adopted for heat-insulation cooling, so that corrosion and damage of high temperature to the second electromagnetic stirrer 18 are reduced, the stirring time is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved; the indirect ultrasonic vibration can enable the slurry in the transfer crucible 26 to generate the dispersion exchange convection motion of the upper part and the lower part, the electromagnetic stirring enables the slurry at the edge and the middle part to be in a convection exchange dispersion state at any time, and the combination of the two enables the slurry in the transfer crucible 26 to have small integral primary phase, round shape and uniform distribution; the transfer crucible 26, the second preheater 27, the first heat-insulating layer 28, the second cooling system 19, the second electromagnetic stirrer 18, the amplitude transformer 25, the second transducer 24 and the ultrasonic generation controller 23 together form a transfer device 20, and the bottom of the transfer device 20 is reciprocated on the rail 22 by the rail wheel 21.

Referring to fig. 1, the die casting equipment iv includes a liquid storage chamber 52, and the slurry 41 conveyed by the transfer device 20 is poured and stored in the liquid storage chamber 52 through the oven door 42; a molten metal heater 43 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 52 and can heat and preserve the semi-solid slurry; a pressure chamber 45 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 52, and an injection piston 44 is arranged above the pressure chamber 45; the pressure chamber 45 is communicated with a pouring gate of the die casting mould through a gooseneck 46; the die casting mold comprises a fixed mold 48 connected to a fixed mold seat plate 47 and a movable mold 50 connected to a movable mold seat plate 51, the fixed mold 48 and the movable mold 50 are matched to form a cavity 49, and the cavity 49 is communicated with a gate of the die casting mold; a second heat-insulating layer 53 is arranged on the outer layer of the liquid storage chamber 52, a third electromagnetic stirrer 54 is arranged on the outer layer of the second heat-insulating layer 53, and the third electromagnetic stirrer 54 is used for electromagnetically stirring the slurry in the liquid storage chamber 52, so that the structure performance of the whole semisolid slurry is maintained; the entire reservoir 52 is surrounded by a second housing 55 to reduce external impacts on the third electromagnetic stirrer 54.

The method for applying the device for preparing and quantitatively transferring the semi-solid rheoforming slurry comprises the following steps:

step 1, a metal starting material, such as A356 aluminum alloy, is heated directly to a molten state in a melting crucible 9 at a temperature T₁At +/-5 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation and soaking by adopting an induction coil 7 for a duration of t₁Wherein the temperature T of the metal melt₁Controlling the temperature to be 10-30 ℃ above the liquidus line of the A356 aluminum alloy; the temperature of the metal melt 10 in the melting crucible 9 can be measured by the first thermocouple 4, and the temperature control mode can adopt closed loop, PID control and soaking requirements;

step 2, opening the first preheater 13 while maintaining the temperature and soaking the temperature, and preheating the stirring crucible 12 to the required temperature T₂At +/-10 ℃ and the required time is t₂Wherein the preheating temperature T of the stirring crucible 12₂Control is in A35680-100 ℃ below the liquidus line of the aluminum alloy; after the metal melt 10 and the stirring crucible 12 in the melting crucible 9 reach the required temperature, the first hollow plug rod 3 and the second hollow plug rod 6 are moved upwards for a certain distance, so that the discharge port at the bottom of the melting crucible 9 is opened, the metal melt 10 is poured and flows into the preheated stirring crucible 12 through the discharge port, and after a certain amount of metal melt is poured, the first hollow plug rod 3 and the second hollow plug rod 6 are controlled to move downwards so that the discharge port is closed, so that sealing is realized;

step 3, when the A356 aluminum alloy melt in the stirring crucible 12 is cooled to the liquidus line, according to the preset parameters of frequency, time, current, etc., starting electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration composite preparation for the metal melt in the stirring crucible 12, in order to break up the primary dendrites generated in the cooling process, so as to obtain the microstructure of non-dendrite fine equiaxed sphere or near sphere; the specific parameters are as follows: electromagnetic stirring power W_dFrequency of electromagnetic stirring f_dStirring current I_dUltrasonic value A_zEtc.;

step 4, when the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic action time reaches a preset value t₃Thereafter, the preparation process is ended, at which point the temperature of the slurry obtained is T₃(ii) a The temperature of the slurry in the stirring crucible 12 can be measured by the second thermocouple 2 and the third thermocouple 5; firstly, the turning valve 30 is opened, then the traction electromagnet 39 is opened, the cooling rod 34 moves upwards for a certain distance under the action of the electromagnetic force, the discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring crucible 12 is opened, and the slurry is poured into the preheated transfer crucible 26 through the slurry outlet pipeline 29, wherein the preheating temperature T of the transfer crucible 26₄Is controlled at T₃The heating process is finished by a second preheater 27 at the temperature of 10-30 ℃; by reading the value displayed by the meter on the high-temperature liquid flowmeter 17, when the reading of the meter reaches the preset plan and requirement, the traction electromagnet 39 is closed, the cooling rod 34 moves downwards under the action of the self gravity and the spring force, the discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring crucible 12 is closed, and the turnover valve 30 is immediately closed after the residual slurry completely flows into the transfer crucible 26;

step 5, covering and sealing the semi-solid slurry in the transfer crucible 26, applying a certain pre-tightening force F, setting parameters such as frequency, ultrasound, current and time required by the process, starting the second electromagnetic stirrer 18 and the ultrasound generation controller 23, performing electromagnetic stirring and indirect ultrasonic vibration compounding on the slurry in the transfer crucible 26, and performing indirect ultrasonic vibration to ensure that the slurry realizes exchange convection of the upper part and the lower part and is combined with the exchange convection of the slurry at the edge center of the electromagnetic stirring, so that the slurry is ensured to have fine tissue, round appearance and more uniform distribution, and the maintenance of the physical property of the semi-solid slurry or the continuous processing of the slurry which is not processed is realized;

step 6, carrying the transfer crucible 26 by the transfer device 20 and moving the transfer crucible to the die casting equipment IV along the track 22; when the temperature of the slurry measured by a thermocouple on the transfer crucible 26 was T₅In the process, the slurry in the transfer crucible 26 is subjected to heat preservation and soaking through the second preheater 27 to ensure the organization and the performance of the slurry, wherein the temperature T of the slurry₅Is maintained at T₃5-10 ℃ below; the transportation mode of the transfer device 20 can be wheel type or rail type respectively, the wheel type is suitable for free and irregular short-distance transportation and small-scale production, the required power source comes from a hybrid battery on the transfer device 20, at ordinary times, the electric storage and energy storage can be carried out through an external power line, the rail type is suitable for large-scale production, the required power source comes from the external power line, the energy is stable and reliable, the continuous production capacity is strong, and workers can select according to the production conditions and the environment;

step 7, after the transfer device 20 reaches the die casting equipment IV, opening a furnace door 42 of the liquid storage chamber 52 to add the slurry 41, and arranging a molten metal heater 43 on the upper part of the liquid storage chamber 52 to conveniently preserve heat and store the slurry so as to maintain the temperature of the slurry at T₅About +/-5 ℃; a second heat-insulating layer 53 and a third electromagnetic stirrer 54 are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the liquid storage chamber 52, so as to insulate heat and preserve heat of the slurry and maintain the organization performance of the slurry; when in production, the injection hammer head 44 rises, slurry in the liquid storage chamber 52 enters the pressure chamber 45 through the inlet, after the die is closed, the slurry is filled into the die-casting die cavity 49 along the gooseneck 46 to be solidified and formed when the injection hammer head 44 presses downwards, the injection hammer head 44 rises again, the die is opened, a casting is taken out, and a die-casting cycle is completedAnd (4) a ring.