阅读说明：本技术 一种金矿天井的施工方法 (Construction method of gold mine raise ) 是由 辛明禹 岳增俭 王文 于建浩 李正伟 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种金矿天井的施工方法,包括巷道片帮开凿初井及在初井中间开凿天井的步骤,其特征在于,所述的巷道片帮开凿初井后,铺设穿心道；所述的巷道片帮开凿初井为,在计划开凿天井的位置的巷道侧壁处开凿一个长7.5m×宽2.5m×高2.2m的初井,并通过在初井中放炮的方式开凿天井。本申请的天井的开凿方法提高安全性：小巷道暴露空间,增加顶板的稳定和安全性；井不骑跨巷道,消除了上方落物对巷道人员打击伤害的安全风险。(The construction method of the gold mine raise comprises the steps of chiseling a primary well on a roadway wall and chiseling a raise in the middle of the primary well, and is characterized in that after chiseling the primary well on the roadway wall, a through channel is laid; the tunnel caving excavation initial well is that an initial well with the length of 7.5m, the width of 2.5m and the height of 2.2m is excavated at the side wall of the tunnel at the position where the pilot well is planned to be excavated, and the pilot well is excavated in a blasting mode in the initial well. The patio excavation method improves safety: the small tunnel exposes space, so that the stability and the safety of the top plate are improved; the well does not straddle the roadway, and the safety risk of hitting and hurting roadway personnel by falling objects above the well is eliminated.)

1. A construction method of a gold mine raise comprises the steps of chiseling a primary well on a roadway wall caving and chiseling a raise in the middle of the primary well, and is characterized in that after chiseling the primary well on the roadway wall caving, a through channel is laid; the step of digging the initial well by the laneway caving is to dig an initial well with the length of 7.5m, the width of 2.5m and the height of 2.2m at the laneway side wall of the position where the courtyard is planned to be dug;

the laying through road is characterized in that a middle rail with the length of 12 meters is arranged in parallel between a first original rail and a second original rail in a roadway, the distance between the middle rail and the first original rail is 0.4 meter, a side rail with the length of 12 meters is arranged on the outer side of the second original rail and positioned on one side of an original well, the distance between the middle rail and the side rail is 0.6 meter, the middle rail, the second original rail and the side rail are connected and fixed by using sleepers, movable legs are arranged at two ends of the middle rail and merged into the first original rail, and movable legs are arranged at two ends of the side rail and merged into the second original rail;

the method for excavating the patio in the middle of the initial well comprises the following specific steps of excavating the patio in a hole drilling and blasting mode:

a cutting the position of the raise: digging a courtyard at the position 2.5 meters to 5 meters inward from the outer edge of the initial well, wherein the length of the courtyard is 2.5 meters, and the width of the courtyard is 1.5 meters;

b, digging a hole position of a raise hole and a spoon: digging and scooping holes are distributed in the middle of the patio and at the top corner of the roadway at the position of 1.25 meters on the outer edge of the patio, and form a hole with an included angle of 70 degrees with the roadway, and the digging and scooping holes generally dig 7 to 10 holes according to the hardness of the rock;

c, digging 3 side holes above the raise: the first hole is an upper large-surface waist hole, is positioned in the middle of the raise at one side close to the roadway, is positioned on the same straight line with the spoon hole, and the droop point of the upper large-surface waist hole is positioned at the position 0.3 meter outside the side rail; the second hole is an upper large surface outer corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the outer edge of the upper large surface waist hole, and a droop point at the upper large surface outer corner hole is 0.3 meter away from the outer side of the side rail; the third hole is an upper large-surface inner corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the inner side of the upper large-surface waist hole, a droop point at the upper large-surface inner corner hole is positioned at the outer side of the side rail by 0.3 meter, and 3 holes form a straight line along the direction of the roadway and form a hole drilling with an included angle of 70 degrees with the roadway;

d, digging 3 side holes below the heaven well: the first hole is a large-surface waist hole at the lower part, is positioned in the middle of the raise at one side close to the roadway, is positioned on the same straight line with the spoon hole, and is 1.6 meters high away from the ground; the second hole is a big outer corner hole at the lower part, the distance from the big waist hole at the lower part is 1.25 m, and the distance from the big outer corner hole at the lower part to the ground is 1.6 m; the third hole is a large-face lower inside corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the large-face lower waist hole, the large-face lower inside corner hole is 1.6 meters away from the ground, and 3 holes form a straight line along the direction of the roadway and form a hole chisel with an included angle of 60 degrees with the roadway;

e, cutting two bucket seat holes: the first bucket seat hole is arranged at a position 0.3 meter below a waist hole below the courtyard, the second bucket seat hole is arranged at a position 0.3 meter below an outer corner hole below the courtyard, and holes are drilled and bored at an included angle of 50 degrees upwards from the roadway at the two bucket seat holes, wherein the hole depth is 1.3 m;

f, arranging and digging auxiliary holes according to the positions of the hole of the spoon and the upper and lower side holes;

g, blasting and slotting the raise: after the first blasting of the raise, an opening with the length of 2.5m, the width of 1.5m and the height of 2m and two hopper beam nest positions for placing a funnel are formed; the top 3 side holes, the chisel hole depth is 2.0m, the hole depth of the spoon hole is 1.7m, the hole depth of the lower side 3 side holes is 2.3m, the hole bottom is controlled on a plane as much as possible, the top surface of the blast-off well is basically flat, and conditions are created for the second blast straight shaft sinking.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a construction method of a gold mine raise, and belongs to the technical field of raise excavation.

Background

The raise is dug by old technique. The first step is to carry out a large number of wall caving on one side of the original roadway close to the sinking shaft and cut a space for laying the double-row roads. And in the second step, the shaft sinking position is vertical to the original roadway and is tunneled by 2.5 meters multiplied by 1.5 meters multiplied by 2.0 meters, and in the third step, the top plate which is drilled by 1.5 meters is pressed, so that the height of the shaft sinking position is increased, and a rock drill can be supported when the first gun is drilled. Fourthly, vertically digging a raise at the position where the inner part is penetrated and the top is pressed. The process has four disadvantages, namely, the exposed space of the tunnel is large, the surrounding rock mass at the shaft sinking position is brought away by the roof pressing, the opening of the shaft sinking position is too open, the tunnel is stridden by the shaft, a large amount of materials are wasted by making a funnel, the funnel is not firm, and the maintenance difficulty is large in the future. The second amount of tunneling engineering is large. Thirdly, the construction period is prolonged; the fourth security is poor, because raise department exposes the space too big, and the steadiness of tunnel roof reduces, easy collapse, and the tunnel is striden astray to the raise in addition, and the thing that falls on the well directly falls in the tunnel, has the safe risk that the object struck to the operating personnel in tunnel. In order to reduce production cost and ensure safety, the open construction of the patio is optimized through gradual exploration and practice, and the following construction process is summarized.

Disclosure of Invention

The raise excavation method aims at solving the problems of large engineering quantity and long construction period of raise excavation of the existing gold mine, and the project quantity is reduced.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a construction method of a gold mine raise comprises the steps of chiseling a primary well on a roadway wall caving and chiseling a raise in the middle of the primary well, and is characterized in that after chiseling the primary well on the roadway wall caving, a through channel is laid; the step of digging the initial well by the laneway caving is to dig an initial well with the length of 7.5m, the width of 2.5m and the height of 2.2m at the laneway side wall of the position where the courtyard is planned to be dug;

the laying through road is characterized in that a middle rail with the length of 12 meters is arranged in parallel between a first original rail and a second original rail in a roadway, the distance between the middle rail and the first original rail is 0.4 meter, a side rail with the length of 12 meters is arranged on the outer side of the second original rail and positioned on one side of an original well, the distance between the middle rail and the side rail is 0.6 meter, the middle rail, the second original rail and the side rail are connected and fixed by using sleepers, movable legs are arranged at two ends of the middle rail and merged into the first original rail, and movable legs are arranged at two ends of the side rail and merged into the second original rail;

the method for excavating the patio in the middle of the initial well comprises the following specific steps of excavating the patio in a hole drilling and blasting mode:

a cutting the position of the raise: digging a courtyard at the position 2.5 meters to 5 meters inward from the outer edge of the initial well, wherein the length of the courtyard is 2.5 meters, and the width of the courtyard is 1.5 meters;

b, digging a hole position of a raise hole and a spoon: digging and scooping holes are distributed in the middle of the patio and at the top corner of the roadway at the position of 1.25 meters on the outer edge of the patio, and form a hole with an included angle of 70 degrees with the roadway, and the digging and scooping holes generally dig 7 to 10 holes according to the hardness of the rock;

c, digging 3 side holes above the raise: the first hole is an upper large-surface waist hole, is positioned in the middle of the raise at one side close to the roadway, is positioned on the same straight line with the spoon hole, and the droop point of the upper large-surface waist hole is positioned at the position 0.3 meter outside the side rail; the second hole is an upper large surface outer corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the outer edge of the upper large surface waist hole, and a droop point at the upper large surface outer corner hole is 0.3 meter away from the outer side of the side rail; the third hole is an upper large-surface inner corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the inner side of the upper large-surface waist hole, a droop point at the upper large-surface inner corner hole is positioned at the outer side of the side rail by 0.3 meter, and 3 holes form a straight line along the direction of the roadway and form a hole drilling with an included angle of 70 degrees with the roadway;

d, digging 3 side holes below the heaven well: the first hole is a large-surface waist hole at the lower part, is positioned in the middle of the raise at one side close to the roadway, is positioned on the same straight line with the spoon hole, and is 1.6 meters high away from the ground; the second hole is a big outer corner hole at the lower part, the distance from the big waist hole at the lower part is 1.25 m, and the distance from the big outer corner hole at the lower part to the ground is 1.6 m; the third hole is a large-face lower inside corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the large-face lower waist hole, the large-face lower inside corner hole is 1.6 meters away from the ground, and 3 holes form a straight line along the direction of the roadway and form a hole chisel with an included angle of 60 degrees with the roadway;

e, cutting two bucket seat holes: the first bucket seat hole is arranged at a position 0.3 meter below a waist hole below the courtyard, the second bucket seat hole is arranged at a position 0.3 meter below an outer corner hole below the courtyard, and holes are drilled and bored at an included angle of 50 degrees upwards from the roadway at the two bucket seat holes, wherein the hole depth is 1.3 m;

f, arranging and digging auxiliary holes according to the positions of the hole of the spoon and the upper and lower side holes;

g, blasting and slotting the raise: after the first blasting of the raise, an opening with the length of 2.5m, the width of 1.5m and the height of 2m and two hopper beam nest positions for placing a funnel are formed; the top 3 side holes, the chisel hole depth is 2.0m, the hole depth of the spoon hole is 1.7m, the hole depth of the lower side 3 side holes is 2.3m, the hole bottom is controlled on a plane as much as possible, the top surface of the blast-off well is basically flat, and conditions are created for the second blast straight shaft sinking.

The application has the advantages that: compared with the existing raise excavation, the amount of the caving is much less, in the existing conventional raise excavation process, a space for installing double rows of rails needs to be excavated in a roadway, and then a 2.5m multiplied by 1.5m multiplied by 2.0m through needs to be excavated on the side surface of the roadway for excavating the raise, but in the application, only a 7.5m multiplied by 2.5m multiplied by 2.2m initial well needs to be excavated on the side surface of the roadway, and the through-core tunnel and the original rails are placed in an alternating mode, so that the reduction of the engineering amount is realized; blasting and punching are carried out by reasonably arranging hole sites, and before the raise shaft is vertically dug, an inclined chute is dug at first, so that the safety of the excavation process is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of a roadway, a primary shaft and a raise;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.

The reference numbers are recorded as follows: 1-roadway, 2-initial well and 3-raise.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this application are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples of which are set forth to illustrate the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

A construction method of a gold mine raise comprises the steps of digging a primary well by caving a roadway and digging a raise in the middle of the primary well (see figures 1-3), wherein after the primary well is dug by caving the roadway, a through channel is laid; the step of digging the initial well by the laneway caving is to dig an initial well with the length of 7.5m, the width of 2.5m and the height of 2.2m at the laneway side wall of the position where the courtyard is planned to be dug;

the laying through road is characterized in that a middle rail with the length of 12 meters is arranged in parallel between a first original rail and a second original rail in a roadway, the distance between the middle rail and the first original rail is 0.4 meter, a side rail with the length of 12 meters is arranged on the outer side of the second original rail and positioned on one side of an original well, the distance between the middle rail and the side rail is 0.6 meter, the middle rail, the second original rail and the side rail are connected and fixed by using sleepers, movable legs are arranged at two ends of the middle rail and merged into the first original rail, and movable legs are arranged at two ends of the side rail and merged into the second original rail;

the method for excavating the patio in the middle of the initial well comprises the following specific steps of excavating the patio in a hole drilling and blasting mode:

a cutting the position of the raise: digging a courtyard at the position 2.5 meters to 5 meters inward from the outer edge of the initial well, wherein the length of the courtyard is 2.5 meters, and the width of the courtyard is 1.5 meters;

b, digging a hole position of a raise hole and a spoon: digging and scooping holes are distributed in the middle of the patio and at the top corner of the roadway at the position of 1.25 meters on the outer edge of the patio, and form a hole with an included angle of 70 degrees with the roadway, and the digging and scooping holes generally dig 7 to 10 holes according to the hardness of the rock;

c, digging 3 side holes above the raise: the first hole is an upper large-surface waist hole, is positioned in the middle of the raise at one side close to the roadway, is positioned on the same straight line with the spoon hole, and the droop point of the upper large-surface waist hole is positioned at the position 0.3 meter outside the side rail; the second hole is an upper large surface outer corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the outer edge of the upper large surface waist hole, and a droop point at the upper large surface outer corner hole is 0.3 meter away from the outer side of the side rail; the third hole is an upper large-surface inner corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the inner side of the upper large-surface waist hole, a droop point at the upper large-surface inner corner hole is positioned at the outer side of the side rail by 0.3 meter, and 3 holes form a straight line along the direction of the roadway and form a hole drilling with an included angle of 70 degrees with the roadway;

d, digging 3 side holes below the heaven well: the first hole is a large-surface waist hole at the lower part, is positioned in the middle of the raise at one side close to the roadway, is positioned on the same straight line with the spoon hole, and is 1.6 meters high away from the ground; the second hole is a big outer corner hole at the lower part, the distance from the big waist hole at the lower part is 1.25 m, and the distance from the big outer corner hole at the lower part to the ground is 1.6 m; the third hole is a large-face lower inside corner hole which is 1.25 meters away from the large-face lower waist hole, the large-face lower inside corner hole is 1.6 meters away from the ground, and 3 holes form a straight line along the direction of the roadway and form a hole chisel with an included angle of 60 degrees with the roadway;

e, cutting two bucket seat holes: the first bucket seat hole is arranged at a position 0.3 meter below a waist hole below the courtyard, the second bucket seat hole is arranged at a position 0.3 meter below an outer corner hole below the courtyard, and holes are drilled and bored at an included angle of 50 degrees upwards from the roadway at the two bucket seat holes, wherein the hole depth is 1.3 m;

f, arranging and digging auxiliary holes according to the positions of the hole of the spoon and the upper and lower side holes;

g, blasting and slotting the raise: after the first blasting of the raise, an opening with the length of 2.5m, the width of 1.5m and the height of 2m and two hopper beam nest positions for placing a funnel are formed; the top 3 side holes, the chisel hole depth is 2.0m, the hole depth of the spoon hole is 1.7m, the hole depth of the lower side 3 side holes is 2.3m, the hole bottom is controlled on a plane as much as possible, the top surface of the blast-off well is basically flat, and conditions are created for the second blast straight shaft sinking.

In practical operation, the method of the application is adopted to examine the early raise:

1. the engineering quantity is saved: the work amount of an electric locomotive entering a roadway in the raise is saved by 32.5m 3.

2. At least 16 man-hours are saved.

3. The material cost is saved by 1.15 ten thousand yuan to 1.42 ten thousand yuan.

4. The safety is improved: the method has the advantages that the exposed space of a roadway is reduced, and the stability and the safety of a top plate are improved; and the courtyard does not straddle the roadway, so that the safety risk of hitting and damaging roadway personnel by falling objects above the roadway is eliminated.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.