阅读说明：本技术 一种富氧顶吹浸没熔炼炼铅工艺喷枪的挂渣方法 (Slag adhering method for oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process spray gun ) 是由 魏永刚 曲国瑞 王�华 李博 周世伟 王仕博 于 2020-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种富氧顶吹浸没熔炼炼铅工艺喷枪的挂渣方法,该方法为将低铅高熔点冶炼渣置于熔化炉内加热至1250-1400℃,保温30-60分钟；将喷枪插入熔池内部停留10-30秒；而后将喷枪提至液面上100-500厘米处,停留10-30秒使喷枪壁挂渣冷凝；重复上述相同操作3-5次,完成挂渣；本发明所述方法通过异质渣在喷枪外壁挂渣,利用异质渣与高铅渣结构相似、熔点高、粘度大、铅含量低、冶炼过程不易脱落的特性,降低富氧顶吹浸没熔炼炼铅过程高铅渣对喷枪的强腐蚀作用,达到延长喷枪使用寿命的目的。(The invention discloses a slag adhering method for a spray gun of an oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion lead smelting process, which comprises the steps of placing low-lead high-melting-point smelting slag in a melting furnace, heating to 1250-; inserting the spray gun into the molten pool and staying for 10-30 seconds; then, lifting the spray gun to a position 100-500 cm above the liquid surface, and staying for 10-30 seconds to condense the wall hanging slag of the spray gun; repeating the same operation for 3-5 times to complete slag adhering; according to the method, heterogeneous slag is coated on the outer wall of the spray gun, and the strong corrosion effect of the high-lead slag on the spray gun in the oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process is reduced by utilizing the characteristics that the heterogeneous slag and the high-lead slag are similar in structure, high in melting point, high in viscosity, low in lead content and not easy to fall off in the smelting process, so that the purpose of prolonging the service life of the spray gun is achieved.)

1. A slag adhering method for a spray gun of an oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) heating the heterogeneous slag in a melting furnace to 1250-1400 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60 minutes to melt the solid heterogeneous slag to form a molten pool;

(2) inserting the spray gun into the molten pool and staying for 10-30 seconds, lifting the spray gun to a position 100-500 cm above the liquid surface, and staying for 10-30 seconds to condense the wall hanging slag of the spray gun;

(3) and (5) repeating the step (2) for 3-5 times, and cooling the wall hanging slag of the spray gun to finish the slag hanging.

2. The slag adhering method of the oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process lance of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the Pb content in the heterogeneous slag is less than 2 wt.%, and Fe₃O₄Content greater than 15 wt.%, Fe/SiO₂Greater than 2.

3. The slag adhering method of the oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process lance of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) after the slag adhering in the step (3) is finished, the using temperature of the spray gun is lower than the melting temperature of heterogeneous slag by more than 150 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a slag adhering method for a spray gun of an oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion lead smelting process, belonging to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy.

Background

The top-blown immersion smelting process features that oxygen-enriched air is blown directly into the smelting furnace via a vertical lance inserted into the smelting bath for smelting. The spray gun is used as a core equipment component of the top-blown immersion smelting technology, and the service life of the spray gun directly influences the operating rate. Lead content in slag in the lead smelting process is high, temperature fluctuation is large, corrosion of the lead slag on a stainless steel spray gun is aggravated, and the service life of the spray gun is greatly shortened. The spray gun is invalid and can directly produce adverse effect to the smelting process, and frequent change spray gun can increase workman's working strength and spray gun maintenance cost by a wide margin, reduces smelting furnace productivity, increases manufacturing cost etc..

The patent with the publication number of CN102747235B provides a 'three-step' slag adhering method for adhering slag to a spray gun, and the method forms a protective layer on the outer wall of the spray gun through adhering slag, so that the thermal action of high temperature to the spray gun is reduced, the corrosion behavior of lead slag to stainless steel is delayed, and the service life of the spray gun (head) is prolonged; the slag adhering is usually carried out by adopting homogeneous slag in industrial production; the furnace temperature fluctuation is large in the smelting process, the protection effect of the slag adhering layer on the spray gun is reduced, and the slag adhering layer is easy to melt and fall off.

In order to avoid frequent failure of the spray gun, the spray gun is protected by adopting a slag hanging mode of low-lead high-melting point heterogeneous slag on the outer wall of the spray gun, and the influence of high-lead slag corrosion on the service life of the spray gun in the smelting process is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems that the spray gun of the oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process is short in service life, the spray gun is frequently replaced to influence the smelting process, and the production cost is increased, the invention provides a heterogeneous slag adhering method of the spray gun of the oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process, so that the corrosion of high lead slag to the spray gun in the oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process is reduced, and the service life of the spray gun is prolonged.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a slag adhering method for a spray gun of an oxygen-enriched top-blown immersion smelting lead-smelting process comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) placing heterogeneous slag (low-lead high-melting-point slag, the slag melting temperature is not lower than 1250 ℃) in a melting furnace to heat to 1250-1400 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60min to ensure that the solid heterogeneous slag is heated and melted to form a molten pool.

(2) The spray gun is inserted into the molten pool and stays for 10-30 seconds, the spray gun is lifted to a position 100-500 cm above the liquid surface, and stays for 10-30 seconds to condense the wall hanging slag of the spray gun.

(3) Repeating the step (2) for 3-5 times, wherein the insertion depth of the spray gun in the repeating process is consistent with that in the step (2), and completing slag hanging after the wall hanging slag of the spray gun is solidified; the use temperature of the spray gun after the completion of slag adhering is lower than the melting temperature of heterogeneous slag by more than 150 ℃.

Preferably, the content of Pb in the heterogeneous slag is less than 2 wt.%, and Fe₃O₄Content greater than 15 wt.%, Fe/SiO₂Greater than 2.

In the step 2 of the invention, the spray gun is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

by adopting the method, the slag adhering operation is simple, the melting point of the adhered heterogeneous slag is higher than the lead smelting temperature, and the viscosity of the heterogeneous slag is higher, so that the heterogeneous slag is not easy to melt and fall off in the lead smelting process, and the direct corrosion of the high-lead slag on the spray gun in the lead smelting process is slowed down; the main components of the heterogeneous slag and the high lead slag are silicate, so that a molten pool cannot be polluted by falling of a slag adhering layer; the method can effectively prolong the service life of the spray gun, reduce the replacement times of the spray gun and reduce the production and maintenance cost.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.

The slagging equipment and the smelting equipment used in the invention are two melting furnaces with the same performance and parameters, heterogeneous slag is used as slagging raw material, and high-lead slag is used as smelting slag raw material; the heterogeneous slag compositions used in the examples are shown in Table 1; the compositions of the high lead dross used in the examples are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 1 heterogeneous slag main chemical composition

Component	Pb	Fe(total)	Zn	Al2O3	SiO2
						Content(wt.％)	1.5	25.0	20.0	2.5	15.0

TABLE 2 main chemical composition of high lead slag

Component	Pb	Fe(total)	Zn	Al2O3	SiO2
						Content(wt.％)	50.0	10.0	8.5	2.8	10.4

Example 1

The slag adhering and application in the smelting process of the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps:

(1) heterogeneous slag adhering

Placing the crucible filled with heterogeneous slag (below 60 meshes) into a melting furnace, setting a temperature rise program, raising the temperature to 1400 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 40 minutes to melt the solid slag to form a molten pool; inserting a stainless steel spray gun with the length of 100 cm and the outer diameter of 1 cm into the molten pool, wherein the insertion depth is 5 cm, and the retention time is 10 seconds; then lifting the spray gun to a position 100 cm above the liquid surface and staying for 10 seconds to condense the wall hanging slag of the spray gun; the slag adhering operation is repeated for 3 times, and the thickness of the slag adhering layer after cooling is about 0.6 cm.

(2) Bath immersion blowing

Placing the crucible filled with the high lead slag (below 60 meshes) into a melting furnace, setting a temperature rise program, raising the temperature to 1050 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 30min to melt the solid slag to form a molten pool; then inserting the spray gun with the slag into a molten pool, wherein the insertion depth is 5 cm, and the retention time is 120 minutes; lifting the spray gun to a position 100 cm above the liquid surface and staying for 10 minutes to cool the spray gun; at the moment, the wall-hung slag of the spray gun does not fall off, and the thickness of the wall-hung slag layer of the spray gun is reduced by about 0.04 cm; the corrosion rate of the slag coating layer in the high lead slag for 120 minutes is 3.33 multiplied by 10^-4The spray gun has the advantages that the stainless steel material of the spray gun is not obviously corroded in cm/min, the corrosion of high lead slag to the stainless steel is prevented due to the heterogeneous slag protective layer, and the service life of the spray gun is prolonged.

Example 2

(1) Heterogeneous slag adhering

Placing the crucible filled with heterogeneous slag (below 60 meshes) into a melting furnace, setting a temperature rise program, raising the temperature to 1400 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 40 minutes to melt the solid slag to form a molten pool; inserting a stainless steel spray gun with the length of 100 cm and the outer diameter of 1 cm into the molten pool, wherein the insertion depth is 5 cm, and the retention time is 10 seconds; then lifting the spray gun to a position 100 cm above the liquid surface and staying for 10 seconds to condense the wall hanging slag of the spray gun; the slag adhering operation is repeated for 5 times, and the thickness of the slag adhering layer after cooling is about 0.97 cm.

(2) Bath immersion blowing

Placing the crucible filled with the high lead slag (below 60 meshes) into a melting furnace, setting a temperature rise program, raising the temperature to 1050 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 30min to melt the solid slag to form a molten pool; then inserting the spray gun with the slag into a molten pool, wherein the insertion depth is 5 cm, and the retention time is 120 minutes; lifting the spray gun to a position 100 cm above the liquid surface and staying for 10 minutes to cool the spray gun; at the moment, the slag on the wall of the spray gun does not fall off, and the thickness of the slag layer on the wall of the spray gun is reduced by about 0.035 cm; the corrosion rate of the slag coating layer in the high lead slag for 120 minutes is 2.92 multiplied by 10^-4The spray gun has the advantages that the stainless steel material of the spray gun is not obviously corroded in cm/min, the corrosion of high lead slag to the stainless steel is prevented due to the heterogeneous slag protective layer, and the service life of the spray gun is prolonged.