阅读说明：本技术 一种高分子多孔颗粒生物过滤材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-molecular porous particle biological filter material ) 是由 王映璋 于 2020-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高分子多孔颗粒生物过滤材料的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤：第一步：材料配比；选用聚乙烯纤维(PE)、聚丙烯纤维(PP)、聚酯纤维(PET)、低熔点聚酯纤维(LMPET)、聚酰胺纤维(PA)以及低熔点共聚酰胺纤维(LPA)。解决当前中空纤维膜由于过滤精度高,运用在污水处理时容易造成膜堵塞、经常需要化学清洗、运行专业度高、运行成本高、使用寿命不长等缺点；解决纤维球滤料直径太大,球心内部不易清洗、紧密度差异大过滤不均匀、长度30mm左右的纤维易脱落堵死筛孔等问题；解决石英砂过滤材料过滤速度慢、容易板结、反冲洗频率高、反冲洗水耗大、重量重、更换难度大、精度不够等缺失。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-molecular porous particle biological filter material, which comprises the following operation steps: the first step is as follows: proportioning materials; selecting polyethylene fiber (PE), polypropylene fiber (PP), polyester fiber (PET), low-melting point polyester fiber (LMPET), polyamide fiber (PA) and low-melting point copolyamide fiber (LPA). The defects that the prior hollow fiber membrane is easy to cause membrane blockage, often needs chemical cleaning, has high operation specialty, high operation cost, short service life and the like when being applied to sewage treatment due to high filtration precision are overcome; the problems that the diameter of a fiber ball filter material is too large, the inside of a ball core is not easy to clean, the difference of tightness is large, the filtration is not uniform, fibers with the length of about 30mm are easy to fall off and screen holes are blocked are solved; the defects that the quartz sand filtering material is low in filtering speed, easy to harden, high in backwashing frequency, high in backwashing water consumption, heavy in weight, high in replacement difficulty, insufficient in precision and the like are overcome.)

1. A preparation method of a high-molecular porous particle biological filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: proportioning of materials

Selecting polyethylene fiber (PE), polypropylene fiber (PP), polyester fiber (PET), low-melting polyester fiber (LMPET), polyamide fiber (PA) and low-melting copolyamide fiber (LPA);

the fiber material is mixed according to the following specific ratio:

the mixture ratio of polyethylene fiber (PE) and polypropylene fiber (PP), wherein the polyethylene fiber (PE) accounts for 30-60% and the polypropylene fiber (PP) accounts for 40-70%;

the polyester fiber (PET) and the low melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) are mixed, wherein the polyester fiber (PET) accounts for 30-60 percent, and the low melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) accounts for 40-70 percent

The polyamide fiber (PA) and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) are mixed, wherein the polyamide fiber (PA) accounts for 30-60% and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) accounts for 40-70%;

the second step is that: cotton blending treatment

Mixing the fibers in various mixing ratios to form mixed raw material fibers;

the third step: preliminary opening treatment

Conveying the mixed raw material fibers to a pre-opener through a conveying mechanism, and performing preliminary scattering and opening;

the fourth step: fine opening process

The raw materials scattered by the pre-opener are finely opened by a fine opener to ensure that all curled fibers are unfolded so as to be convenient for carding operation;

the fifth step: cotton collector

The air pipe mechanism conveys the finely opened raw materials into a cotton collecting machine, and the cotton collecting machine processes the opened raw materials to ensure that the fiber raw materials are fluffy and soft;

and a sixth step: carding machine

The cotton collector conveys the treated fiber raw material into a carding machine, and the fiber is carded and paved into a net-shaped structure by the carding machine;

the seventh step: lapping

Laying the carded fibers into a fiber net structure with specified width and thickness according to parameters;

eighth step: braided thorn

Weaving and needling the fiber nets combed after each proportion, wherein the weaving and needling treatment is mainly to weave and reinforce the fiber nets after each proportion;

the ninth step: heat treatment for shaping

Pressing the braided and needled reticular fibers into a specified thickness according to specified parameters, simultaneously carrying out primary shaping on the fiber web, and sending the fiber web into a drying oven until hot pressing is finished;

the tenth step: thickness setting

Pressing the hot-pressed fiber into a specified thickness according to specified parameters, thereby finishing thickness shaping;

the eleventh step: granulation step

Part of the fibrous material was fed to a granulator to produce corresponding polymeric filter particles.

2. The preparation method of the high molecular porous particle biological filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber fineness is selected to be between 3.5D and 10.5D.

3. The preparation method of the high molecular porous particle biological filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the selection of the different unit area gram weight fiber is 350g-1000 g.

4. The preparation method of the high molecular porous particle biological filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature selection of the heat treatment setting is as follows: the temperature of the polyethylene fiber (PE) and the polypropylene fiber (PP) is selected to be 130-150 ℃, the temperature of the polyester fiber (PET) and the low-melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) is selected to be 130-160 ℃, and the temperature of the polyamide fiber (PA) and the low-melting point copolyamide fiber (LPA) is selected to be 130-170 ℃.

5. The preparation method of the high molecular porous particle biological filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment setting time is controlled to be between 10 and 40 seconds.

6. The preparation method of the high molecular porous particle biological filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness setting is selected as follows: 2-10 mm.

7. The preparation method of the high molecular porous granular biological filter material according to claim 1, wherein the specifications of the granules prepared by the granulator are as follows: the length is 2mm-10mm, the width is 2mm-10mm, and the height is 2mm-10 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a high-molecular porous particle biological filter material.

Background

The biological filter material is a general name of water treatment filter materials, and is mainly used for filtering domestic sewage, industrial sewage, pure water and drinking water, and the filter material plays a core role no matter in a sewage treatment filter tank or a water supply filter tank.

The existing mainstream filtering materials are: hollow fiber membranes, fiber balls, quartz sand, and the like; however, the hollow fiber membrane has the disadvantages of high filtration precision, easy membrane blockage during sewage treatment, frequent need of chemical cleaning, high operation specialty, high operation cost, short service life and the like. Therefore, the invention provides a macromolecular porous particle biological filter material.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-molecular porous particle biological filter material, and solves the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a high-molecular porous particle biological filter material comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: proportioning of materials

Selecting polyethylene fiber (PE), polypropylene fiber (PP), polyester fiber (PET), low-melting polyester fiber (LMPET), polyamide fiber (PA) and low-melting copolyamide fiber (LPA);

the fiber material is mixed according to the following specific ratio:

the mixture ratio of polyethylene fiber (PE) and polypropylene fiber (PP), wherein the polyethylene fiber (PE) accounts for 30-60% and the polypropylene fiber (PP) accounts for 40-70%;

the polyester fiber (PET) and the low melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) are mixed, wherein the polyester fiber (PET) accounts for 30-60 percent, and the low melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) accounts for 40-70 percent

The polyamide fiber (PA) and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) are mixed, wherein the polyamide fiber (PA) accounts for 30-60% and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) accounts for 40-70%;

the second step is that: cotton blending treatment

Mixing the fibers in various mixing ratios to form mixed raw material fibers;

the third step: preliminary opening treatment

Conveying the mixed raw material fibers to a pre-opener through a conveying mechanism, and performing preliminary scattering and opening;

the fourth step: fine opening process

The raw materials scattered by the pre-opener are finely opened by a fine opener to ensure that all curled fibers are unfolded so as to be convenient for carding operation;

the fifth step: cotton collector

The air pipe mechanism conveys the finely opened raw materials into a cotton collecting machine, and the cotton collecting machine processes the opened raw materials to ensure that the fiber raw materials are fluffy and soft;

and a sixth step: carding machine

The cotton collector conveys the treated fiber raw material into a carding machine, and the fiber is carded and paved into a net-shaped structure by the carding machine;

the seventh step: lapping

Laying the carded fibers into a fiber net structure with specified width and thickness according to parameters;

eighth step: braided thorn

Weaving and needling the fiber nets combed after each proportion, wherein the weaving and needling treatment is mainly to weave and reinforce the fiber nets after each proportion;

the ninth step: heat treatment for shaping

Pressing the braided and needled reticular fibers into a specified thickness according to specified parameters, simultaneously carrying out primary shaping on the fiber web, and sending the fiber web into a drying oven until hot pressing is finished;

the tenth step: thickness setting

Pressing the hot-pressed fiber into a specified thickness according to specified parameters, thereby finishing thickness shaping;

the eleventh step: granulation step

Part of the fibrous material was fed to a granulator to produce corresponding polymeric filter particles.

Preferably, the fiber fineness is selected to be between 3.5D and 10.5D.

Preferably, the selection of the different basis weight fibers is between 350g and 1000 g.

Preferably, the temperature for heat treatment setting is selected from the following steps: the temperature of the polyethylene fiber (PE) and the polypropylene fiber (PP) is selected to be 130-150 ℃, the temperature of the polyester fiber (PET) and the low-melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) is selected to be 130-160 ℃, and the temperature of the polyamide fiber (PA) and the low-melting point copolyamide fiber (LPA) is selected to be 130-170 ℃.

Preferably, the heat treatment setting time is controlled to be between 10 and 40 seconds.

Preferably, the thickness setting is selected from the following group: 2-10 mm.

Preferably, the specification of the granules manufactured by the granulator is as follows: the length is 2mm-10mm, the width is 2mm-10mm, and the height is 2mm-10 mm.

The beneficial effects are as follows:

1. the defects that the prior hollow fiber membrane is easy to cause membrane blockage, often needs chemical cleaning, has high operation specialty, high operation cost, short service life and the like when being applied to sewage treatment due to high filtration precision are overcome.

2. The problems that the diameter of a fiber ball filter material is too large, the inside of a ball core is not easy to clean, the difference of tightness is large, the filtration is not uniform, fibers with the length of about 30mm are easy to fall off, sieve pores are blocked, and the like are solved.

3. The defects that the quartz sand filtering material is low in filtering speed, easy to harden, high in backwashing frequency, high in backwashing water consumption, heavy in weight, high in replacement difficulty, insufficient in precision and the like are overcome.

Detailed Description

All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a preparation method of a high-molecular porous particle biological filter material comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: proportioning of materials

Selecting polyethylene fiber (PE), polypropylene fiber (PP), polyester fiber (PET), low-melting polyester fiber (LMPET), polyamide fiber (PA) and low-melting copolyamide fiber (LPA);

the fiber material is mixed according to the following specific ratio:

the mixture ratio of polyethylene fiber (PE) and polypropylene fiber (PP), wherein the polyethylene fiber (PE) accounts for 30-60% and the polypropylene fiber (PP) accounts for 40-70%;

the polyester fiber (PET) and the low melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) are mixed, wherein the polyester fiber (PET) accounts for 30-60 percent, and the low melting point polyester fiber (LMPET) accounts for 40-70 percent

The polyamide fiber (PA) and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) are mixed, wherein the polyamide fiber (PA) accounts for 30-60% and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) accounts for 40-70%;

the second step is that: cotton blending treatment

Mixing the fibers in various mixing ratios to form mixed raw material fibers;

the third step: preliminary opening treatment

Conveying the mixed raw material fibers to a pre-opener through a conveying mechanism, and performing preliminary scattering and opening;

the fourth step: fine opening process

The raw materials scattered by the pre-opener are finely opened by a fine opener to ensure that all curled fibers are unfolded so as to be convenient for carding operation; the fiber fineness is selected to be between 3.5D and 10.5D;

the fifth step: cotton collector

The air pipe mechanism conveys the finely opened raw materials into a cotton collecting machine, and the cotton collecting machine processes the opened raw materials to ensure that the fiber raw materials are fluffy and soft;

and a sixth step: carding machine

The cotton collector conveys the treated fiber raw material into a carding machine, and the fiber is carded and paved into a net-shaped structure by the carding machine;

the seventh step: lapping

Laying the carded fibers into a fiber net structure with specified width and thickness according to parameters; the selection of the gram weight fibers with different unit areas is 350g-1000 g;

eighth step: braided thorn

Weaving and needling the fiber nets combed after each proportion, wherein the weaving and needling treatment is mainly to weave and reinforce the fiber nets after each proportion;

the ninth step: heat treatment for shaping

Pressing the braided and needled reticular fibers into a specified thickness according to specified parameters, simultaneously carrying out primary shaping on the fiber web, and sending the fiber web into a drying oven until hot pressing is finished; selecting the heat treatment setting temperature: the temperature of the polyethylene fiber (PE) and the polypropylene fiber (PP) is selected to be 130-150 ℃, the temperature of the polyester fiber (PET) and the low-melting-point polyester fiber (LMPET) is selected to be 130-160 ℃, and the temperature of the polyamide fiber (PA) and the low-melting-point copolyamide fiber (LPA) is selected to be 130-170 ℃; the heat treatment setting time is controlled to be between 10 and 40 seconds;

the tenth step: thickness setting

Pressing the hot-pressed fiber into a specified thickness according to specified parameters, thereby finishing thickness shaping; the thickness setting is selected as follows: 2-10 mm;

the eleventh step: granulation step

Feeding part of the fibrous material into a granulator to manufacture corresponding polymer filter particles; the specification of the granules manufactured by the granulator is as follows: the length is 2mm-10mm, the width is 2mm-10mm, and the height is 2mm-10 mm.

Polyethylene fiber (PE) is used, the melting point is 124-138 ℃, and the density is 0.95g/cm 3; polypropylene fiber (PP) with melting point 165-; polyester fiber (PET), melting point 225-; low-melting polyester fiber (LMPET), melting point 110-; polyamide fiber (PA) with melting point of 250-300 ℃ and density of 1.15g/cm 3; the method comprises the following steps of preparing low-melting-point copolyamide fibers (LPA), wherein the melting point is 100-130 ℃, and the difference of the melting point, the density and the fiber fineness of 1.15g/cm3 is realized by performing different modified hydrophilic, hydrophobic and material proportions according to different filter precision, upward floating type, downward sinking type and the like required, and producing a high-molecular porous particle filter material finished product with different pore diameters, porosity and pore diameter rigidity by controlling technical parameters in the working procedures of cotton mixing, initial opening, fine opening, cotton collecting, carding, net laying, needling, heat treatment setting, thickness setting, granulation and the like, so as to achieve the high-benefit filter target adapting to different requirements;

(1) because the porous polymer particles have a large number of nano-to micron-sized apertures and the pressure of about 0.2-0.3 mpa during filtering, the particles can be moderately compressed in a large number of slightly elastic apertures, and the particles are in a compact state, so that the filtering effect required by different precisions can be achieved due to the compactness of the apertures of different particle filtering materials. And large aperture, medium aperture and small aperture can be adopted for graded filtration according to requirements. The optimal method can filter out pollutants with the particle size of more than 1 micron, and the turbidity of the filtered effluent can reach below NTU 1.

(2) The polymer porous particle filter material has proper elasticity and rigidity, and can apply water pressure, mechanical pressurization and other modes according to the requirements of raw water turbidity and water outlet precision to provide different degrees of pressure and tightness to the polymer porous particle filter material so as to achieve the expected filtering speed and filtering precision and obtain the optimal operation benefit.

(3) The large number of nanometer to micron-sized apertures of the high-molecular porous granular biological filter material provide living spaces for a plurality of microorganisms, so that the filter material has an additive effect of biological filtration besides physical filtration, and the removal rate of organic pollutants dissolved in water can reach 10% -30% in actual operation.

(4) Because the density of the selected fiber material is less than or slightly greater than that of water, and the filter material particles have proper elasticity, the aperture is in a compressed state during filtering, the aperture is in a relaxed state during backwashing, the particles are easily dispersed naturally due to buoyancy, and the particles rotate rapidly along with the water flow rotating at a high speed during backwashing, like a washing machine, inorganic pollutant impurities on the particle filter material are cleaned, most of microorganisms can be removed (the rest strains continue to play a biological filtering function), the original state is recovered, the filter material can be used for a long time without worry of filter material blockage.

(5) The polymer porous particle filter material is subjected to production processes such as fiber fusion adhesion and the like through good weaving and heat treatment, the bonding degree between fibers is strong, the weight is light, the loss of the polymer porous particle filter material is very little after long-time extrusion and backwashing, and about 10 percent of the loss is supplemented every 2 years; the filter material does not need to be replaced, and the filter can be used for a long time.

(6) Because the polymer particle filtering materials with different material characteristics are manufactured by adopting different fiber raw materials, the fiber materials have different chemical and temperature adaptability, and the proper polymer particle biological filtering materials can be selected according to different water qualities such as raw water pH value, temperature and the like.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.