阅读说明：本技术 一种蜡染绘画工艺 (Wax printing drawing process ) 是由 朱磊 于 2020-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种现代蜡染绘画工艺,选择控制熔化的蜡液温度,在工艺上使用一种热量可控的涂蜡工具,在染画所用的蜡中添加聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯来完成涂蜡。在本发明的蜡染温度工艺下,蜡液流动性合适且表面光滑,织物上涂蜡时保证了出蜡均匀,且落在织物上的蜡也渗透织物正反面,避免后续补蜡工序。本发明的工艺,保证了蜡纹具有合适地厚度、以及能得到清晰明确的蜡纹。(The present invention relates to a modern wax printing and painting process, and is characterized by that the temp. of molten wax liquid is selectively controlled, and in the technological process a heat-controllable wax-coating tool is used, and the wax used for printing and painting is added with polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate so as to implement wax-coating. Under the wax printing temperature process, the wax liquid has proper fluidity and smooth surface, the uniform wax output is ensured when the fabric is coated with wax, and the wax falling on the fabric also permeates the front and back of the fabric, so that the subsequent wax supplementing process is avoided. The process ensures that the wax pattern has proper thickness and can obtain clear and definite wax patterns.)

1. A wax printing drawing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

one step of splashing dyeing and printing and dyeing

Spreading the water-absorbing material, spreading the water-absorbing material to a larger area than the fabric, spreading the desized fabric on the fabric, mixing the water-soluble pigment and water in proportion, and printing and dyeing;

waxing in the second step

Putting paraffin into a water bath, heating at constant temperature to melt the paraffin, loading the paraffin with proper content by a hot pen, and then drawing on the fabric; in the second step, the temperature of the wax liquid is kept at 95 +/-2 ℃, and the hot pen is in a flat iron or metal bar shape and comprises an outlet through which the molten wax can smoothly flow out;

step three wax breaking

After the wax is completely solidified, the wax is crushed to form wax patterns;

step four, manufacturing wax patterns

The wax is used for preventing dyeing, the part of the fabric which is not coated with the wax is dyed, and the wax-coated part keeps the primary color;

in the fourth step, after wax is crushed, dyeing is carried out immediately by selecting a dye or a water-based pigment material, the dye or the water-based pigment is dissolved in water for dilution, then the diluted dye or the water-based pigment is coated on the position with ice grains and gradually permeates into gaps of the wax, the color is attached to the textile fiber after repeated coloring, the back of the cloth is observed, and the wax grains are clear and clear at the moment if the pigment permeates out;

dewaxing in step five

And fifthly, using an electric iron to adsorb and dewax, covering paper with strong adsorption force on the wax layer, ironing the paper by using the electric iron, absorbing the wax layer by the paper when the wax layer is heated, exposing the wax-coated part to be in primary color, and dyeing the wax pattern.

2. The batik painting process according to claim 1, wherein in the second step of melting the wax, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate is added into the wax liquid.

3. The batik painting process according to claim 2, wherein the added weight is 5-10% wt of the wax liquid.

4. A batik painting process according to claim 1, wherein said outlet is selected from the group consisting of a groove and a hole, said groove and hole being arranged so that the outflow rate of the molten wax fluid is 0.1-0.5 ml/s.

5. The batik painting process according to claim 1, wherein the wax liquid is formed on the fabric to a thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm.

6. The batik painting process according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the following 4 methods are adopted, and one or more of the methods are selected according to requirements for wax breaking:

the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) randomly kneading a place with wax into a ball by hands, and opening the ball to present orderly, bright and natural wax patterns, wherein the thicker the wax is, the clearer the wax patterns are, and the thinner the wax is, the finer the wax patterns are;

the method 2 comprises the following steps: the handle is placed on the back of the wax coating position, and the finger joint applies force on the set position, so that controllable fine grains appear on the front;

the method 3 comprises the following steps: rolling the place with wax into a cylinder shape to form linear parallel wax patterns;

the method 4 comprises the following steps: and drawing the lines according to the plan by using a tool.

7. The batik painting process according to claim 1, wherein the steps one to five are repeated after dewaxing, and dyeing, waxing and dewaxing are repeated until a desired visual effect is exhibited.

8. The batik painting process according to claim 1, further comprising the following dewaxing step in step five: the blowing cylinder is used for dewaxing at a fixed point, a wax layer is covered by some paper with strong adsorption force, the part which is planned to be dewaxed is heated and dewaxed accurately, and the wax with good visual effect in the work is reserved.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a painting process, in particular to a wax printing painting process.

Background

Wax printing is to cover the fabric with wax to form a dye-resistant layer, and wax patterns are produced by dyeing. The traditional batik is developed for thousands of years, the traditional batik is developed during the modern batik stage, and the painting form by the batik technology appears in 80 years of the 20 th century, at this time, the modern batik comprehensive material painting has new development and innovation of the batik process.

Traditional batik, modern batik and modern batik integrated material painting are three different concepts. Traditional wax printing is a practical wax anti-dyeing product manufactured by manual individuals; modern wax printing is wax printing products and artware produced by combining a new dyeing process of chemical dyes with mechanization (including manual and mechanical combination) from a factory built by a netherlands in the 19 th century. Modern wax printing comprehensive material painting is purely ornamental painting artistic creation and is an innovative painting process. The modern wax printing comprehensive material painting enlarges the application range of scientificity, manufacturability, materials and the like of the traditional wax printing, breaks through the limitation of the traditional process, and the applied painting tools and materials are more diverse than before, the manufacturability is more advanced, flexible and changeable, and the formed visual effect is more unique. The traditional wax printing method is that the picture draft is painted on paper, holes are punched along the draft line by needles to copy the picture draft, then the holes are filled with kerosene or toner, the picture draft is copied on canvas, the figure is drawn by beeswax as the dye-resist agent, the wax-coated part can resist dye, then the picture draft is put into an indigo dye vat, and after repeated stirring and dyeing, regular color patterns are formed, thus forming batch production.

CN100494549 discloses a wax printing embroidery and a manufacturing process thereof, wherein the wax printing embroidery takes a wax printing cloth finished product as a base fabric, a main pattern is formed by color embroidery thread embroidery, and a background and a virtual scene pattern are formed by wax printing or light embroidery; the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: designing a sketch, batik base fabric and embroidering, which is characterized in that embroidering is carried out on the batik base fabric, and batik figures and animal patterns are embroidered by using a paving block to the knitting needles, cloud needle tacks, staple needles, interweaving embroidery, plain hairpins and other needle methods; for wax-dyed flowers and landscape scenery patterns, the patterns along with wax-dyed ice patterns are embroidered by using a stitching method combining picture embroidery and embroidery, and the stitching method mainly comprises a flower-swimming stitch, a disordered stitching embroidery and the like. The wax-printed embroidery product of the invention has the characteristics of simple and elegant quality, roughness and abstraction, lower cost, convenient carrying, no need of mounting, natural suspension and foldable storage, and the characteristics of rich colors and strong three-dimensional sense of the traditional Hunan embroidery.

CN101397760B discloses a manufacturing method of ink-wash wax-printed cloth, which comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, white cloth is taken as base cloth, and a pencil is used for drawing a contour on the white cloth; (2) painting the melted liquid wax on the white cloth by using a wax painting tool; (3) after the white cloth is painted with wax, the white cloth is soaked in cold water; then placing the cloth on wet cloth with the wax drawn thereon by an S-shaped or net-shaped mold, avoiding the wax drawing part, rolling up the wet cloth to wrap the mold, then extruding the cloth to cause wrinkles, binding the cloth, then entering a dyeing tank for 1-2 minutes, then taking out the cloth, oxidizing the cloth for 3-5 minutes, and repeating the steps for seven times and eight times; taking apart, washing, boiling with boiled water, boiling off wax, cleaning, air drying, and ironing. The product prepared by the invention has unique aesthetic feeling, gradation and natural rhythm, and the preparation method is simple.

Although the batik in the prior art is greatly rich in color, possesses chemical dyes, and produces batik products and artworks with modern consciousness by combining manual production and mechanical production, the works formed by the methods have single process and form, lack of artistic appeal, and have no fresh and lively feeling, time feeling and no sense of action.

The modern wax painting breaks through the limitations, and has the advantages of high experimental and innovative properties, flexible and changeable process method, unique painting language form and vivid epoch feeling. However, the prior art lacks deep research on the painting process of modern wax printing comprehensive materials, and particularly has no systematic research on the key process of improving the wax printing quality, such as uniform wax coating, penetration of wax on the front surface and the back surface of a woven surface and the like, which affect the quality of a painting.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a painting process of a modern wax printing comprehensive material, aiming at solving the problems of uneven waxing and woven surface in the prior art.

When in wax painting, wax patterns are painted on the flat fabric, the process requirement during wax painting is that the target area is evenly painted, and then the front side and the back side of the fabric are ensured to permeate. After one side of the fabric is finished, the prior art typically pauses the bating process and lifts the fabric to see if there are voids on the back of the fabric that are not waxed. If no wax penetrates the reverse side, a repair is required on the reverse side to ensure stain resistance in these areas of interest of the wax printing process. During repair, the uniformity of waxing is difficult to ensure.

When the inventor carries out wax printing work, the process quality during wax printing drawing is found to have a crucial relation with the temperature of melting wax and the temperature during maintaining wax coating, the temperature of wax liquid during wax printing needs to be proper, and the temperature state is controlled to be the most proper at the constant temperature as much as possible. Under the condition of overhigh temperature, the flow speed of the wax liquid is too high, and the wax film formed on the surface of the fabric is too thin, so that the anti-dyeing effect cannot be achieved, and meanwhile, the thickness is not controllable due to the enhanced flow of the wax liquid; when the temperature is too low, the wax cannot penetrate into the fiber, floats on the surface and is easy to peel off, and the wax also cannot play a role in preventing dyeing.

The invention selects and controls the temperature of the melted wax liquid to be 95 +/-2 ℃, and the wax coating can better achieve the effects of uniform wax coating and penetration of the front and back of the fabric in the temperature range, and the redundant process of wax supplement on the back is not needed. A thermally controlled waxing tool is used in the process, preferably so that the local heat can be controlled as described above, provided that there is sufficient control of the heat and the local heat to effect proper waxing. When using a heat controllable wax applicator as described above, the heat applied is uniform and controlled. Preferably, the tool can be a hot pen in the shape of a flat iron or a metal rod, and the design of the hot pen with the structure and the material comprises an outlet through which molten wax can smoothly flow out. Preferably, the outlet may be selected to be a groove or a hole. The grooves or holes are arranged so that the outflow rate of the molten wax fluid is 0.1-0.5 ml/s. Under the speed, when waxing, the uniformity of the object on the fabric and the front and back of the fabric which can be penetrated at one time can be ensured to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the thickness of the wax layer on the fabric is suitable for later wax pattern formation. The wax layer is too thin, the later stage is not easy to generate wax patterns, the wax layer is too thick, the thickness is easy to be uneven and is easy to fall off, and the wax pattern control is not facilitated. Preferably, the wax coating is controlled to form a wax solution on the fabric with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm.

In order to promote the fluidity of the molten wax, the additive is added into the wax used for dyeing and painting, so as to ensure the uniformity of the molten wax coated on the fabric and the constant temperature of the molten wax. Preferably, as the additive, an organic substance capable of promoting the fluidity of the molten wax, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, is used. Preferably, the weight of the addition is 5-10% wt of the wax.

Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a modern wax printing comprehensive material painting process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

one step of splashing dyeing and printing and dyeing

Spreading the water-absorbing material, spreading the water-absorbing material to a larger area than the fabric, spreading the desized fabric on the fabric, mixing the water-soluble pigment and water in proportion, and printing and dyeing;

waxing in the second step

Putting paraffin into a water bath, heating at constant temperature to melt the paraffin, loading the paraffin with proper content by a hot pen, and then drawing on the fabric; in the second step, the temperature of the wax liquid is kept at 95 +/-2 ℃, and the hot pen is in a flat iron or metal rod shape and comprises an outlet through which the molten wax can smoothly flow out.

Preferably, the outlet may be selected to be a groove or a hole, and the groove or the hole is arranged so that the outflow rate of the molten wax fluid is 0.1 to 0.5 ml/s.

Preferably, the wax liquid is formed on the fabric to a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm.

Preferably, in the second melting of wax, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate is added to the wax liquid.

Preferably, the above-mentioned addition weight is 5-10% wt of the wax liquid.

Step three wax breaking

After the wax is completely solidified, the wax is crushed to form wax patterns.

Preferably, in the third step, the following 4 methods are adopted, and one or more of the methods are selected according to requirements for wax crushing:

the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) randomly kneading a place with wax into a ball by hands, and opening the ball to present orderly, bright and natural wax patterns, wherein the thicker the wax is, the clearer the wax patterns are, and the thinner the wax is, the finer the wax patterns are;

the method 2 comprises the following steps: the handle is placed on the back of the wax coating position, and the finger joint applies force on the set position, so that controllable fine grains appear on the front;

the method 3 comprises the following steps: rolling the place with wax into a cylinder shape to form linear parallel wax patterns;

the method 4 comprises the following steps: and drawing the lines according to the plan by using a tool.

Step four, manufacturing wax patterns

The wax is used for preventing dyeing, the part of the fabric which is not coated with the wax is dyed, and the wax-coated part keeps the primary color;

in the fourth step, after wax is crushed, dyeing is carried out immediately by selecting a dye or a water-based pigment material, the dye or the water-based pigment is dissolved in water for dilution, then the diluted dye or the water-based pigment is coated on the position with ice grains and gradually permeates into gaps of the wax, the color is attached to the textile fiber after repeated coloring, the back of the cloth is observed, and the wax grains are clear and clear at the moment if the pigment permeates out;

dewaxing in step five

And fifthly, using an electric iron to adsorb and dewax, covering paper with strong adsorption force on the wax layer, ironing the paper by using the electric iron, absorbing the wax layer by the paper when the wax layer is heated, exposing the wax-coated part to be in primary color, and dyeing the wax pattern.

Preferably, after dewaxing, the steps one to five are repeated, and dyeing, waxing and dewaxing are repeated until the ideal visual effect is presented.

Preferably, the splashing dyeing in the step one: when dyeing, preparing a test fabric, and dyeing the test fabric on the test fabric by using the same material as that of a finished fabric, wherein if the dyeing effect is suitable, the finished fabric can be dyed; the fabric is poured on the fabric during color splashing, and no water is splashed from a high place so as to avoid splashing unnecessary water spots; after drying, carrying out color splashing for the second time and the third time from light to dark.

Preferably, in step five, the dewaxing mode is as follows:

the blowing cylinder is used for dewaxing at a fixed point, a wax layer is covered by some paper with strong adsorption force, the part which is planned to be dewaxed is heated and dewaxed accurately, and the wax with good visual effect in the work is reserved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

under the wax printing temperature process, when the wax is coated on the fabric, the wax is ensured to be uniformly discharged and have proper fluidity, and the wax falling on the fabric also permeates the front and back sides of the fabric, so that the subsequent wax supplementing process is avoided; in the process, a proper wax coating tool is selected, and an ester additive is added during wax melting to ensure the fluidity of the molten wax; the process ensures that the wax pattern has proper thickness and can obtain clear and definite wax patterns.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a manufacturing process flow of the modern batik composite material painting of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further explained below.

The early preparation and manufacturing process flow of modern wax printing comprehensive material painting comprises the following steps:

firstly, selecting materials and tools and carrying out pretreatment:

step 1: selection of canvas

The canvas can be made of fabric fiber. Textile fibers can be divided into natural fibers and chemical fibers. Natural fibers include protein fibers (e.g., wool, silk), cellulose fibers (e.g., flax, cotton), and the like; the chemical fiber includes regenerated fiber, synthetic fiber (such as terylene and acrylon), etc. The canvas needs to be washed or soaked in hot water before being dyed, and natural impurities and sizing agents are removed to facilitate dyeing. (Cotton flax plain weave fabric is easier to draw because of the flat, hard texture, small elasticity)

Step 2: selection of waxy materials

Classes of waxes include animal waxes (e.g., beeswax, insect wax, ant wax), paraffin waxes, mineral waxes, and the like. Beeswax and paraffin are generally selected for making modern wax printing comprehensive material paintings. The beeswax is prepared from natural materials or materials with the same characteristics in bee honeycomb, and has a melting point of 50-90 deg.C. The beeswax has strong stain resistance, fine wax patterns and strong adhesiveness, and is easy to manufacture the fine wax patterns. The melting point of the paraffin is 38-68 ℃, the viscosity value is about 50.6 at 60 ℃, and the paraffin becomes brittle solid after being melted into liquid and cooled, so that obvious wax veins can be easily manufactured.

In order to ensure the fluidity and constant temperature of the wax melting and wax discharging, the invention optimizes the chemical composition of the wax and the wax melting temperature in the step 2, which is different from the wax printing process in the prior art. The examples are described in detail.

And step 3: selection of dyes and pigments

The dye can be X type dye in reactive dye, and the type dye has complete color spectrum, bright color and good washing fastness. The direct dye can also be selected, the dye is low in price, the dyeing process is simple, an auxiliary dyeing agent is not needed, the dyeing can be carried out at low temperature, and the high-temperature dye can generate better level dyeing property.

The pigment can be selected from water soluble pigment such as water soluble oil painting pigment, watercolor pigment, and acrylic pigment. The water-soluble oil painting pigment and the watercolor pigment have extremely strong penetration of halation and are easy to carry out first-pass splashing and dyeing. The acrylic pigment has extremely good covering property and has obvious effect when wax patterns are manufactured.

And 4, step 4: selection of drawing basic tools:

(1) wax storage tool

Constant temperature water bath kettle

Originally used as a tool in textile dyeing laboratories and in the medical and health industry. The temperature of the water can be kept unchanged after the temperature of the water is regulated, namely the temperature of the inside wax can also be kept at the set temperature. The temperature of the wax can be adjusted by the painter according to the requirements of the picture, and the adjusted constant-temperature wax liquid is easy to control the thickness of the wax when drawing wax patterns.

(2) Waxing tool

The heat pen with controllable heat and a wax liquid outlet is used, and the heat pen can select but is not limited to tools with the following structures:

wax knife: several copper sheets are stacked to form axe shape and have wax knives with different sizes. The wax knife ensures smooth wax drawing by utilizing good heat conduction and heat preservation of the copper sheet, and the drawn pattern is exquisite and fine.

A copper pot pen: the pen is similar to a tobacco pipe, wood or bamboo is used as a handle, the copper liner stores wax liquid, one or more hollow small tubes are arranged at the pen end, and the wax liquid can flow out along the pen point. The drawn pattern has better uniformity and roundness.

(3) Dewaxing tool

And (3) hot water dewaxing: the cloth was put into hot water and the wax was removed.

Electric iron: the paper is dewaxed by newspaper or paper with strong wax absorption, the paper is placed between an electric iron and wax to be textured, and the wax is adsorbed on the paper by heating.

Alternatively, an electric hair dryer is used: after the wax layer solidified on the canvas is melted by utilizing hot air energy, the wet wax layer is peeled off by a drawing knife.

The manufacturing process flow of the modern wax printing comprehensive material painting is shown in figure 1:

one step of splashing dyeing and printing and dyeing

Step 1, spreading the water-absorbing material (water-absorbing felt and cement floor) to an area larger than that of the fabric, and spreading the desized fabric on the fabric.

And 2, preparing a water-soluble pigment (direct dye or reactive dye) and mixing the water-soluble pigment and water in proportion. Taking direct dye as an example, the dye is blended with warm water, and then poured into cold water for blending after being blended evenly. The dyeing needs to be carried out from light to dark (because the dyeing is difficult to be lightened after being deeply dyed), so that a small amount of dye is needed for the first dyeing. The blending proportion is determined according to the picture effect, and 3-5 parts of blended dye can be blended according to the color tone of the picture for each dyeing.

Step 3, splashing and dyeing: when dyeing, a test fabric is prepared, and the material of the test fabric is the same as that of a finished fabric. Dyeing on the test fabric, if the dyeing effect is appropriate, dyeing can be carried out on the finished fabric. And (5) splashing the color of the fabric by using a bucket or a large white porcelain jar with the mixed dye. The color is splashed on the fabric, so that the fabric is not splashed from a high place to avoid splashing unnecessary water spots. When the color is splashed, the characteristics of the fabric are noticed, if the water absorption of the fabric is strong, a small amount of color is splashed to enable water to naturally splash, white gaps can be left between color blocks for texture, and if a large amount of color-splashed fabric is dyed uniformly, texture lines are lost. If the water absorption of the fabric is weak, a large amount of color splashing can be realized. After drying, carrying out color splashing for the second time and the third time from light to deep.

Step 4, printing and dyeing: the white board (not absorbing water) is prepared and the area is larger than the fabric, the adjusted dye is poured on the white board (the dye concentration still follows the principle of depth from shallow to deep), and the works can be drawn by using unconventional tools such as a brush, newspaper, a stick and the like, so that the purpose of forming special texture according to the intention of a painter is achieved. The four corners of the fabric are lifted, the positions of the positions to be textured are aligned with the positions of the dyes on the white board and laid on the white board, the dyes naturally bloom, the four corners of the fabric are horizontally lifted (so as to prevent the dyes from flowing) and placed on the water-absorbing ground to be dried according to the rubbing dyeing effect, and a user does not need to leave a picture in the rubbing step so as to prevent the dyes from completely blooming and causing level dyeing. There are many printing and dyeing methods, and people who need to draw try to summarize continuously. If the texture is made by printing and dyeing plants, a plurality of plants such as ideal leaves are picked up and placed at a designated position, the plants are pressed by a glass plate, a heavy object is placed on the plants, and the pigment is splashed under the glass plate to naturally bloom. After drying, the area pressed by the plant is not dyed, so that uneven plant-shaped ground color is left, and the mechanism is formed.

And 5, according to the expected visual effect. And (4) repeating the steps 3 and 4.

Waxing in the second step

Step 1, temperature setting, tool selection and wax liquid component: the paraffin is put into a water bath kettle, and the temperature is adjusted to be between 95 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃. The wax coating within the temperature range can better achieve the effects of uniform wax coating and penetration of the front and back of the fabric without redundant back wax supplement process. The tool can select a flat iron or metal bar-shaped hot pen, and the design of the hot pen with the structure and the material comprises an outlet through which molten wax can smoothly flow out. Preferably, the outlet may be selected to be a groove or a hole. The grooves or holes are arranged so that the outflow rate of the molten wax fluid is 0.1-0.5 ml/s. Under the speed, when waxing, the uniformity of the object on the fabric and the front and back of the fabric which can be penetrated at one time can be ensured to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the thickness of the wax layer on the fabric is suitable for later wax pattern formation. The wax layer is too thin, the later stage is not easy to generate wax patterns, the wax layer is too thick, the thickness is uneven and the wax layer is easy to fall off, and the wax pattern control is not facilitated. Preferably, the wax coating is controlled to form a wax solution on the fabric with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm. In the composition of the wax liquid, an additive is added into wax used for dyeing and painting so as to ensure the uniformity of the dissolved wax coated on the fabric and the constant temperature of the dissolved wax. Preferably, as the additive, an organic substance capable of promoting the fluidity of the molten wax, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, is used. Preferably, the weight of the addition is 5-10% wt of the wax.

Step 2, waxing: the wax is thinly coated on a place with good visual effect of a picture according to the intention of a painter by setting the temperature, and the wax can penetrate through the back of the fabric after being waxed to form the effect of waxing the front side and the back side of the fabric.

Step 3, waxing method: the wax can be painted by using a wax pot, a wax knife and other tools. Alternatively, a brush may be used to spread or drip the dots, lines, faces, etc. in a pattern.

Step three wax breaking

After the wax is completely solidified (the fabric is hot in summer and needs to be placed under an air conditioner for cooling so that the wax is more brittle), the following treatment is carried out:

the method 1 comprises the steps of kneading a place with wax into a ball by hands, and opening the ball to present orderly, bright and natural wax patterns, wherein the thicker the wax, the clearer the wax patterns, and the thinner the wax, the finer the wax patterns.

And 2, placing the handle on the back of the wax coating position, and applying force on the set position by using the finger joints, so that controllable fine grains appear on the front.

And 3, rolling the place with the wax into a cylinder shape to form linear parallel wax patterns.

And 4, drawing the lines according to the plan by using tools such as a drawing knife and the like.

Several modes can be used together, and more wax crushing modes can be tested.

Step four, manufacturing wax patterns

By using wax resist, the non-waxed part of the fabric is dyed, and the waxed part keeps the original color.

This step is carried out immediately after wax breaking, so as to prevent the wax from melting again to wrap the fabric fiber in hot weather, so that the pigment cannot enter the wax pattern. The material can be selected from dye or water-based pigment. The acrylic pigment is preferred because of its high covering power. After propylene is dissolved in water and diluted, the mixture is coated on a position with ice lines and gradually permeates into gaps of wax. After repeated coloring, the color will be attached to the fabric fiber, and the back of the cloth is observed, and if the pigment bleeds out, the wax pattern is clear and clear.

Dewaxing in step five

The acrylic pigment on the wax was wiped off with a wet cloth, at which time the wax pattern was clearly visible. There are several dewaxing methods, two of which are commonly used are described below.

And (4) performing adsorption dewaxing by using an electric iron. The wax layer is covered with strong adsorptive paper such as newspaper and rice paper. Then an electric iron is used for ironing the paper, the wax layer is sucked away by the paper when heated, the primary color of the wax coating part is exposed, and the wax pattern is dyed.

Dewaxing is performed at a fixed point by the air blowing cylinder. The wax layer is covered with strong adsorptive paper such as newspaper and rice paper. The portions intended to be dewaxed are dewaxed by precise heating. The visually effective wax in the work can be retained.

And after dewaxing, the steps from the first step to the fifth step can be repeated, and dyeing, waxing, dewaxing and the like are repeated until the visual effect expected by the painter is achieved.

Examples

One step of splashing dyeing and printing and dyeing

The area of the spread water-absorbing material (water-absorbing felt and cement floor) is larger than that of the fabric, and the fabric after desizing is spread on the fabric. Water-soluble pigments (direct dyes or reactive dyes) are prepared and mixed with water in a ratio. Splashing and dyeing: when dyeing, a test fabric is prepared, and the material of the test fabric is the same as that of a finished fabric. Dyeing on the test fabric, if the dyeing effect is appropriate, dyeing can be carried out on the finished fabric. And (5) splashing the color of the fabric by using a bucket or a large white porcelain jar with the mixed dye. The color is splashed on the fabric, so that the fabric is not splashed from a high place to avoid splashing unnecessary water spots. When the color is splashed, the characteristics of the fabric are noticed, if the water absorption of the fabric is strong, a small amount of color is splashed to enable water to naturally splash, white gaps can be left between color blocks for texture, and if a large amount of color-splashed fabric is dyed uniformly, texture lines are lost. If the water absorption of the fabric is weak, a large amount of color splashing can be realized. After drying, carrying out color splashing for the second time and the third time from light to deep. Printing and dyeing: the white board (not absorbing water) is prepared and the area is larger than the fabric, the adjusted dye is poured on the white board (the dye concentration still follows the principle of depth from shallow to deep), and the works can be drawn by using unconventional tools such as a brush, newspaper, a stick and the like, so that the purpose of forming special texture according to the intention of a painter is achieved. The four corners of the fabric are lifted, the positions of the positions to be textured are aligned with the positions of the dyes on the white board and laid on the white board, the dyes naturally bloom, the four corners of the fabric are horizontally lifted (so as to prevent the dyes from flowing) and placed on the water-absorbing ground to be dried according to the rubbing dyeing effect, and a user does not need to leave a picture in the rubbing step so as to prevent the dyes from completely blooming and causing level dyeing.

Waxing in the second step

The paraffin is put into a water bath kettle, and the temperature is adjusted to be between 95 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃. The hot pen is used, and the groove or the hole is arranged to ensure that the outflow rate of the molten wax fluid is 0.1-0.5 ml/s. When wax coating is controlled, wax liquid with the thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm is formed on the fabric. The wax liquid additive uses polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate to improve the rheological property and the surface smoothness of the molten wax. The wax is thinly coated on a place with good visual effect of a picture according to the intention of a painter by setting the temperature, and the wax can penetrate through the back of the fabric after being waxed to form the effect of waxing the front side and the back side of the fabric.

Step three wax breaking

After the wax is completely solidified (the fabric is hot in summer, and needs to be placed under the air conditioner for cooling, so that the wax is more brittle), the following treatment is carried out, namely, the pattern is drawn according to the plan by using tools such as a drawing knife and the like.

Step four, manufacturing wax patterns

By using wax resist, the non-waxed part of the fabric is dyed, and the waxed part keeps the original color.

This step is carried out immediately after wax breaking, so as to prevent the wax from melting again to wrap the fabric fiber in hot weather, so that the pigment cannot enter the wax pattern. The material can be selected from dye or water-based pigment. The acrylic pigment is preferred because of its high covering power. After propylene is dissolved in water and diluted, the mixture is coated on a position with ice lines and gradually permeates into gaps of wax. After repeated coloring, the color will be attached to the fabric fiber, and the back of the cloth is observed, and if the pigment bleeds out, the wax pattern is clear and clear.

Dewaxing in step five

And (4) performing adsorption dewaxing by using an electric iron. The wax layer is covered with strong adsorptive paper such as newspaper and rice paper. Then an electric iron is used for ironing the paper, the wax layer is sucked away by the paper when heated, the primary color of the wax coating part is exposed, and the wax pattern is dyed.

And after dewaxing, the steps from the first step to the fifth step can be repeated, and dyeing, waxing, dewaxing and the like are repeated until the visual effect expected by the painter is achieved.

According to the process steps, a group of comparison experiments are designed, and the wax coating temperature and the wax liquid components are used as variables to evaluate the quality of the wax printing process. The uniformity of waxing was evaluated by the degree of dispersion of the extrema of the coating formed by the wax layer on the fabric relative to the average thickness of the wax layer. The quality of the wax printing handicraft is basically determined by the quality of the wax pattern. The evaluation results are shown in the following table.

TABLE 1

The wax pattern of the wax printing sample of comparative example 1 has obvious shedding, some areas have almost no lines, and the lines of some areas are accumulated but are unclear; comparative example 2, the lines formed by the wax lines were too shallow, and the color formed during dyeing and printing was not obvious; in comparative example 3, the wax pattern was similar to that in comparative example 1, the distribution of the pattern was largely different and uneven. The wax pattern on the wax printing process fabric of the embodiment of the invention has bright, fine and natural color, and the pattern is uniformly, clearly and continuously distributed in the anti-dyeing area.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.