阅读说明：本技术 肺部结节***及其定位方法 (Pulmonary nodule positioner and positioning method thereof ) 是由 柳林 吴彦馨 柳立军 刘淑贞 于 2020-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种肺部结节定位器及其定位方法,包括通过定位夹板定位夹持到床板上的竖直固定柱,竖直固定柱上连接设置有用于能够在人体肋骨正上方任意位置进行移动并能够定位到病灶点正上方的病灶点定位机构,病灶点定位机构上连接设置有用于使得穿刺针倾斜刺入人体肋骨之间部位并能够调整入针角度的倾斜入针机构。本发明能够根据相似三角形原理来计算出入针角度调节结构的调节量大小,并且因调节后倾斜的可伸缩入针管道与病灶点始终处于同一直线上,能够保证穿入的穿刺针精确地刺入到病灶上,并且能够从两人体肋骨之间倾斜刺入。(The invention discloses a pulmonary nodule positioner and a positioning method thereof, which comprises a vertical fixing column clamped on a bed board through a positioning splint, wherein a focus point positioning mechanism which can move at any position right above a human body rib and can be positioned right above a focus point is connected and arranged on the vertical fixing column, and an inclined needle inserting mechanism which is used for enabling a puncture needle to be obliquely inserted into a position between human body ribs and can adjust an inserting needle angle is connected and arranged on the focus point positioning mechanism. The invention can calculate the adjustment quantity of the needle inlet and outlet angle adjusting structure according to the similar triangle principle, and can ensure that the inserted puncture needle can be accurately inserted into a focus and can be obliquely inserted between two human ribs because the inclined telescopic needle inlet pipeline and the focus point are always in the same straight line after adjustment.)

1. Pulmonary nodule locator, its characterized in that: the device comprises a vertical fixing column (3) which is positioned and clamped on a bed plate (1) through a positioning clamping plate (2), wherein a focus point positioning mechanism which can move at any position right above a human body rib (15) and can be positioned right above a focus point is connected and arranged on the vertical fixing column (3), and an inclined needle inserting mechanism which is used for enabling a puncture needle (13) to be obliquely inserted into the position between the human body ribs and can adjust the needle inserting angle is connected and arranged on the focus point positioning mechanism.

2. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 1, wherein: focus point positioning mechanism can carry out pivoted L type rotary rod (7) that fall on the horizontal plane including rotating the setting on vertical fixed column (3) top, through second location regulation structure (9) scalable connection at scalable L type round bar (8) of falling L type rotary rod (7) one end and vertical rotation set up can rotate to needle vertical stand (10) on scalable L type round bar (8), can rotate to the bottommost of needle vertical stand (10) and be located the focus point directly over, the needle mechanism setting is gone into in the slope can rotate to needle vertical stand (10).

3. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 2, wherein: the inclined needle inserting mechanism comprises a needle inserting angle adjusting structure (11) which is transversely and telescopically arranged on a rotatable needle vertical support (10) and used for adjusting a needle inserting angle and enabling a puncture needle (13) to be obliquely inserted into a position between ribs of a human body, and a telescopic needle inserting pipeline (12) which is hinged to the tail end of the needle inserting angle adjusting structure (11) and used for penetrating the puncture needle (13); the rotatable needle vertical support (10), the needle inserting angle adjusting structure (11), the telescopic needle inserting pipeline (12) and the focus point are positioned in the same vertical plane vertical to the ribs of the human body.

4. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 3, wherein: the rotatable needle vertical support (10) comprises a vertical rotating round rod (101) which is vertically rotatably arranged on the top end of the telescopic L-shaped round rod (8), a first transverse sleeve (102) which is transversely fixedly arranged on the top end of the vertical rotating round rod (101) and a second transverse sleeve (103) which is transversely fixedly arranged in the middle of the vertical rotating round rod (101) and is parallel to the vertical rotating round rod (101), wherein the transverse length of the second transverse sleeve (103) is smaller than that of the first transverse sleeve (102), and the vertical rotating round rod (101) is positioned right above a focus point.

5. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 4, wherein: the needle inserting angle adjusting structure (11) comprises a first telescopic rod (111) which is telescopically arranged on the first transverse sleeve (102) through a third positioning adjusting structure and a second telescopic rod (112) which is telescopically arranged on the second transverse sleeve (103) through a fourth positioning adjusting structure, and the outer ends of the first telescopic rod (111) and the second telescopic rod (112) are respectively and fixedly provided with a hinge seat (113); the vertical rotating round rod (101), the first transverse sleeve (102), the second transverse sleeve (103), the first telescopic rod (111), the second telescopic rod (112), the telescopic needle inserting pipeline (12) and the focus point are located on the same vertical plane.

6. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 5, wherein: scales for representing the telescopic length are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first telescopic rod (111) and the second telescopic rod (112).

7. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 5, wherein: the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the retractable needle pipeline (12) are respectively and integrally connected with a hinged positioning seat (114), and the hinged positioning seat (114) is connected with a hinged seat (113) through a hinged shaft (115).

8. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the vertical fixing column (3) is provided with a horizontal plate (5) positioned right above the bed plate (1) through a first positioning adjusting structure (4), and CT quick positioning scale paper (6) is horizontally laid on the horizontal plate (5).

9. The pulmonary nodule locator of claim 8, wherein: and a level gauge (51) for detecting whether the horizontal plate (5) is in a horizontal state or not so as to ensure the detection precision of the CT scanning device is arranged on the top end surface of the horizontal plate (5).

10. A pulmonary nodule localization method based on the pulmonary nodule locator of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the specific steps of:

s1, a patient lies on the bed board (1), and the position of the horizontal plate (5) is adjusted according to the body type and the fat-thin degree of the patient;

placing the CT rapid positioning scale paper (6) on a horizontal plate (5), and enabling a positioning line of the CT rapid positioning scale paper (6) to be in line with a scanning line of a CT scanning device;

s2, carrying out CT scanning on the chest of the human body by a CT scanning device, and obtaining the depth of a focus point and the position of the ruler paper (6) relative to the CT fast positioning by the CT scanning device;

s3, adjusting the telescopic length of the telescopic L-shaped round rod (8), simultaneously rotating the inverted L-shaped rotating rod (7) until the vertical rotating round rod (101) which can rotate into the needle vertical support (10) is adjusted to be right above a focus point, and then positioning the telescopic L-shaped round rod (8);

s4, rotating the rotatable needle vertical support (10) to enable the rotatable needle vertical support (10) and the transverse circular tube of the telescopic L-shaped circular rod (8) to be located in two vertical planes which are perpendicular to each other;

s5, adjusting the inclination angle of the telescopic needle inserting pipeline (12) through the needle inserting angle adjusting structure (11) according to the position of a focus point;

s6, the elongation of the second telescopic rod (112) is given according to the focus position, and then the elongation of the first telescopic rod (111) is calculated according to the similar triangle principle, so that the needle inserting position and angle can be accurately positioned.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a pulmonary nodule positioner and a positioning method thereof.

Background

Pulmonary nodules refer to intrapulmonary nodules <30mm in diameter, the nature of which is difficult to determine early. There is a certain probability of malignancy of the lung nodules. Early diagnosis is the key of prognosis, and how to identify the benign or malignant state is one of the problems in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, with the development of novel fiberbronchoscope, high resolution CT, thoracoscope techniques, the development of percutaneous lung biopsy provides help for clinical identification of the benign and malignant lung nodules. Percutaneous aspiration lung biopsy is an effective method for diagnosing and treating pulmonary nodules, but an advanced tool is needed to complete the operation of safe, efficient and convenient aspiration.

In order to diagnose the pathology correctly and to make the correct treatment, it is necessary to take a biopsy of the lesion by puncture, or to perform a targeted treatment by puncture, usually by means of an instrument such as a CT scanner to determine the location of the lesion with respect to the skin location point and the depth of the puncture needle. Firstly, the position of a focus is measured on a certain cross section layer of a human body, the optimal needle inserting position and needle inserting angle are selected in the layer, and the accurate positions of the focus and puncture needle puncture are determined by utilizing the angle of the needle inserting layer, the needle inserting angle and the three-dimensional image of the needle inserting depth.

However, the existing puncture guiding device has a complex structure, cannot realize accurate positioning of a focus point, needs to perform multiple puncture attempts, brings great pain to a patient, and has low puncture efficiency. Most puncture guiding devices can only realize vertical puncture in the vertical direction, if a focus point is positioned under a rib of a human body, the focus point can be directly punctured vertically to pierce into the rib of the human body, and the device cannot be punctured, so that the applicability of the device is poor.

In addition, the existing puncture guiding device is based on accurate positioning of the CT scanning device and then punctures, but the CT quick positioning scale paper used for ensuring accurate positioning of the CT scanning device is directly paved on the chest of a human body, and when CT scanning is carried out, the detection result of the CT scanning device is not accurate enough because the chest of the human body is not a flat horizontal plane.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a pulmonary nodule locator and a locating method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing puncture guiding device cannot realize accurate locating of focus points and cannot puncture the focus points under the rib of a human body, so that the focus points can be punctured and located accurately, the aim of puncturing the focus points under the rib of the human body is fulfilled, and the convenience of puncture adjustment is improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

Pulmonary nodule locator includes through the vertical fixed column of locating clip location centre gripping on the bed board, and the connection is provided with on the vertical fixed column is used for can removing and can fix a position the focus point positioning mechanism directly over the focus point in the optional position directly over human rib, and the last connection of focus point positioning mechanism is provided with and is used for making the pjncture needle slope pierce the position between the human rib and can adjust the slope of inserting the needle angle and go into the needle mechanism.

Further optimize technical scheme, focus point positioning mechanism can carry out the type of falling L rotary rod of pivoted on the horizontal plane including rotating the setting on vertical fixed capital end, adjust the scalable connection of structure through the second location and set up the needle vertical stand that can turn over to on scalable L type round bar and vertical rotation of the scalable L type round bar of falling L rotary rod one end, can turn over to the needle vertical stand that the bottommost of needle vertical stand is located the focus point directly over, the needle mechanism setting is gone into in the slope on can turning over to the needle vertical stand to the rotation.

According to the technical scheme, the inclined needle inserting mechanism comprises a needle inserting angle adjusting structure which is transversely and telescopically arranged on a vertical support of the rotatable needle and used for adjusting a needle inserting angle and enabling the puncture needle to be obliquely inserted into a position between ribs of a human body, and a telescopic needle inserting pipeline which is hinged to the tail end of the needle inserting angle adjusting structure and used for penetrating the puncture needle; the rotatable needle vertical support, the needle inserting angle adjusting structure, the telescopic needle inserting pipeline and the focus point are positioned in the same vertical plane vertical to the ribs of the human body.

According to the technical scheme, scales used for representing the telescopic length are arranged on the side walls of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod respectively.

According to the technical scheme, the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the retractable needle pipeline are respectively and integrally connected with a hinged positioning seat, and the hinged positioning seats are connected with the hinged seats through hinged shafts.

According to the technical scheme, the middle of the vertical fixing column is provided with a horizontal plate located right above the bed plate through a first positioning adjusting structure, and CT quick positioning scale paper is horizontally laid on the horizontal plate.

According to the technical scheme, a level meter used for detecting whether the horizontal plate is in a horizontal state or not so as to ensure the detection precision of the CT scanning device is arranged on the top end face of the horizontal plate.

The pulmonary nodule positioning method is carried out based on a pulmonary nodule positioner and comprises the following specific steps:

s1, a patient lies on the bed board, and the position of the horizontal board is adjusted according to the body type and the fat-thin degree of the patient;

placing the CT rapid positioning scale paper on a horizontal plate, and enabling a positioning line of the CT rapid positioning scale paper to be in line with a scanning line of a CT scanning device;

s2, carrying out CT scanning on the chest of the human body by a CT scanning device, and obtaining the depth of a focus point and the position of the ruler paper relative to the CT rapid positioning by the CT scanning device;

s3, adjusting the telescopic length of the telescopic L-shaped round rod, simultaneously rotating the inverted L-shaped rotating rod until the vertical rotating round rod which can rotate to the needle vertical support is adjusted to be right above a focus point, and then positioning the telescopic L-shaped round rod;

s4, rotating the rotatable needle vertical support to enable the rotatable needle vertical support and the transverse circular tube of the telescopic L-shaped circular rod to be located in two vertical planes which are perpendicular to each other;

s5, adjusting the inclination angle of the telescopic needle inserting pipeline through the needle inserting angle adjusting structure according to the position of a focus point;

and S6, the elongation of the second telescopic rod is given according to the position of the focus point, and then the elongation of the first telescopic rod is calculated according to the similar triangle principle, so that the needle inserting position and angle are accurately positioned.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows.

The retractable needle-entering pipeline is hinged to the rotatable needle vertical support through the needle-entering angle adjusting structure, the rotatable needle vertical support can rotate and be adjusted transversely, the rotatable needle vertical support, the needle-entering angle adjusting structure and the retractable needle-entering pipeline are located in the same vertical plane perpendicular to human ribs, and the lowest end of the rotatable needle vertical support is located right above a focus point.

The horizontal plate is positioned and arranged on the vertical fixing column through the first positioning and adjusting structure capable of adjusting the height of the horizontal plate, and the CT rapid positioning scale paper is horizontally laid on the horizontal plate, so that medical workers can adjust the position of the horizontal plate according to the body type and the fat-thin degree of patients, and the device can be suitable for patients of different types.

According to the invention, when the vertical rotating round rod of the rotatable needle vertical support rotates to a position right above a focus point, the focus point is shielded, and X rays emitted by the CT scanning device cannot be shot onto the focus point, so that medical personnel can quickly know whether the vertical rotating round rod of the rotatable needle vertical support in the device moves in place or not, and the subsequent operation is facilitated.

According to the invention, the second telescopic rod in the needle insertion angle adjusting structure is stretched to a proper length, and the stretching value of the first telescopic rod to be adjusted can be obtained through calculation, so that the needle insertion accuracy of the puncture needle is ensured and the puncture needle can puncture a focus all the time because the telescopic needle insertion pipeline and the focus point are always on the same straight line after adjustment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the working principle of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the retractable needle tube penetrating the puncture needle in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view illustrating a change in the position of a lesion site according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the working principle of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a bed board, 2, a positioning splint, 3, a vertical fixing column, 4, a first positioning adjustment structure, 41, a first positioning locking nail, 42, an adjustment block, 5, a horizontal board, 51, a level gauge, 6, CT rapid positioning scale paper, 7, an inverted L-shaped rotating rod, 8, a telescopic L-shaped round rod, 9, a second positioning adjustment structure, 91, a second positioning locking nail, 10, a rotatable needle vertical support, 101, a vertical rotating round rod, 102, a first transverse sleeve, 103, a second transverse sleeve, 11, a needle-entering angle adjustment structure, 111, a first telescopic rod, 112, a second telescopic rod, 113, a hinged seat, 114, a hinged positioning seat, 115, a hinged shaft, 12, a telescopic needle-entering pipeline, 13, a puncture needle, 14, a focus point, 15, a human body, 16, a first universal joint adjustment structure, 161, a first universal joint, 162, a first connecting rod, 163 and a second universal joint, 164. the second connecting rod, 165, connecting sleeve, 17, second universal joint adjusting structure, 171, third universal joint, 172, third connecting rod, 173, fourth universal joint, 174, fourth connecting rod, 176, set screw, 18, vertical adjusting column, 19, horizontal sliding ruler, 20, vertical sliding ruler, 21, oblique sliding ruler, 22, first adjustable nut, 23, second adjustable nut, 24, chute, 25, articulated shaft, 26, needle inserting pipeline, 27, first adjusting bolt, 28, second adjusting bolt.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.