阅读说明：本技术 一种环保的零件处理方法 (Environment-friendly part treatment method ) 是由 徐红九 常永鹏 周小峰 赵晓飞 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种环保的零件处理方法,其特征在于：先根据零件的工作环境执行下述相应的步骤：(I)用于机器的壳体内部,并处于润滑油的环境中的零件,如果零件参与过盈配合或过渡配合,则进行涂防锈油漆处理；如果零件参与间隙配合,则进行锌铝涂层表面处理,涂层总膜厚度为m～n；(II)针对船舱内的设备且外露的紧固件；或者普通大气的野外环境；或者零件处于水或泥浆的介质中,进行锌铝涂层表面处理,涂层总膜厚度为m～n；(III)针对甲板上的设备且外露的紧固件,或者说暴露在海洋大气环境中的零件,进行锌铝涂层表面处理,涂层总膜厚度为m～n；或进行热浸镀锌层处理；(IV)针对与海水接触的零件,包括浸在海水中、或被海水飞溅的零件,进行锌铝涂层表面处理,涂层总膜厚度为m～n；其中,m,n分别为锌铝涂层总厚度的最大值与最小值,m<n。(The invention provides an environment-friendly part processing method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, the following corresponding steps are executed according to the working environment of the part: (I) a part used in the interior of a housing of a machine and in the environment of lubricating oil, and if the part participates in interference fit or transition fit, performing antirust paint coating treatment; if the parts participate in clearance fit, performing surface treatment on the zinc-aluminum coating, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n; (II) exposed fasteners to equipment within the hold; or a field environment of normal atmosphere; or the part is in a medium of water or slurry, and the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating is carried out, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n; (III) carrying out zinc-aluminum coating surface treatment on exposed fasteners of equipment on a deck or parts exposed in a marine atmospheric environment, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n; or hot dip galvanizing layer treatment is carried out; (IV) carrying out surface treatment on a zinc-aluminum coating on parts which are in contact with seawater and comprise parts which are immersed in the seawater or splashed by the seawater, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n; wherein m and n are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the total thickness of the zinc-aluminum coating, and m is less than n.)

1. An environment-friendly part processing method is characterized in that: firstly, the following corresponding steps are executed according to the working environment of the part:

(I) a part used in the interior of a housing of a machine and in the environment of lubricating oil, and if the part participates in interference fit or transition fit, performing antirust paint coating treatment;

if the parts participate in clearance fit, performing surface treatment on the zinc-aluminum coating, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

(II) exposed fasteners to equipment within the hold; or a field environment of normal atmosphere; or the part is in a medium of water or slurry, and the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating is carried out, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

(III) carrying out zinc-aluminum coating surface treatment on exposed fasteners of equipment on a deck or parts exposed in a marine atmospheric environment, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n; or hot dip galvanizing layer treatment is carried out;

(IV) carrying out surface treatment on a zinc-aluminum coating on parts which are in contact with seawater and comprise parts which are immersed in the seawater or splashed by the seawater, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

wherein m and n are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the total thickness of the zinc-aluminum coating, and m is less than n.

2. The method for processing environment-friendly parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating, the coating is sprayed or dipped; the construction viscosity is 15-30 seconds; curing temperature: 250-270 ℃; curing time: 15-30 minutes, preferably, the temperature of the workpiece is recommended to be kept for 30 minutes after reaching 250 ℃ for curing.

3. The method for environmental part processing according to claim 1, wherein the total film thickness in case (I) is 8 to 12 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h.

4. The method for environmental part treatment according to claim 1, wherein the total film thickness in case (II) is 8 to 12 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h.

5. The method for environmental part processing according to claim 1, wherein the total film thickness in case (III) is 20 to 24 μm; the test time of the neutral salt spray is more than 1200 h.

6. The method for environmental part processing according to claim 1, wherein the total film thickness in case (IV) is 30 to 45 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h.

7. An environment-friendly part processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the part surface-processed by the zinc-aluminium coating has an inner hole to be matched, the thickness of the coating of the surface-processed part is m-n, and the required aperture and tolerance after coating are D^d _cThen coating the partPre-layer size adjustment to D_a ^b＝D^d+2m _c+2n。

8. An environment-friendly part processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the part surface-processed by the zinc-aluminum coating has an outer cylindrical surface to be matched, the thickness of the coating of the surface-processed part is m to n, and the required shaft diameter and tolerance after coating are D^d _cThen the pre-coating dimension of the part is adjusted to D_a ^b＝D^d-2n _c-2m。

9. An environmentally friendly parts processing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein cases (I) and (II) use type 52-110/K20528 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminium coating.

10. An environmentally friendly parts processing method according to claim 1, wherein in case (III) a type 52-110/K20528 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminium coating is used; in case (IV), the type 01-411/K19038 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating is used.

Technical Field

The application relates to a surface treatment method of parts, in particular to a method for carrying out environment-friendly zinc-aluminum coating surface treatment on mechanical parts.

Background

The traditional surface treatment methods of mechanical parts comprise oxidation, phosphorization, zinc plating, chromium plating and the like, but toxic and harmful heavy metal elements adopted in the process cause pollution to the natural environment and do not meet the requirement on environmental protection. In the field of mechanical part manufacturing, a surface treatment method of a zinc-plated aluminum coating without toxic heavy metals is applied, but the environment and the working condition of mechanical parts are complex, particularly the influence of a coating process on the fit tolerance, assembly, welding, connection and the like among the parts is considered, and at present, a part surface treatment method meeting the various conditions is not available.

Disclosure of Invention

Problem (A)

1. In the part treatment technology in the prior art, heavy metals are more and the pollution is serious; meanwhile, corresponding treatment methods are not made according to different part working conditions, so that coating elements are wasted;

2. in the part surface treatment technology in the prior art, the influence of the coating thickness on the tolerance is not considered, so that the treated part does not conform to the original technical requirements any more.

(II) technical scheme

An environment-friendly part processing method is characterized in that: firstly, the following corresponding steps are executed according to the working environment of the part:

(I) a part used in the interior of a housing of a machine and in the environment of lubricating oil, and if the part participates in interference fit or transition fit, performing antirust paint coating treatment;

if the parts participate in clearance fit, performing surface treatment on the zinc-aluminum coating, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

(II) exposed fasteners to equipment within the hold; or a field environment of normal atmosphere; or the part is in a medium of water or slurry, and the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating is carried out, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

(III) carrying out zinc-aluminum coating surface treatment on exposed fasteners of equipment on a deck or parts exposed in a marine atmospheric environment, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n; or hot dip galvanizing layer treatment is carried out;

(IV) carrying out surface treatment on a zinc-aluminum coating on parts which are in contact with seawater and comprise parts which are immersed in the seawater or splashed by the seawater, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

wherein m and n are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the total thickness of the zinc-aluminum coating, and m is less than n.

Further, in the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating, the coating is sprayed or dip-coated; the construction viscosity is 15-30 seconds; curing temperature: 250-270 ℃; curing time: 15-30 minutes.

Among them, it is recommended to cure the workpiece after the temperature of the workpiece reaches 250 ℃ and then the temperature is maintained for 30 minutes.

Further, in case (I), the total film thickness is 8 to 12 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h;

further, in case (II), the total film thickness is 8 to 12 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h;

further, in case (III), the total film thickness is 20 to 24 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 1200 h;

further, in case (IV), the total film thickness is 30 to 45 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h;

further, if the zinc-aluminum coating surface-treated part is provided with an inner hole to be matched, the coating thickness of the surface treatment is m-n (mm), the hole diameter and the tolerance after coating are required to be Ddc, and the size before coating of the part is adjusted to Dab (Dd +2mc +2 n).

Further, if the zinc-aluminum coating surface-treated part has an outer cylindrical (axial) surface to be matched, the coating thickness of the surface treatment is m-n (mm), and the axial diameter and the tolerance after coating are required to be Ddc, the pre-coating size of the part is adjusted to Dab-Dd-2 nc-2 m.

Further, in cases (I) and (II), the type 52-110/K20528 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating is adopted;

further, in case (III), a type 52-110/K20528 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating is used;

further, in case (IV), the type 01-411/K19038 in the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating was used.

(III) advantageous effects

1. The application provides a complete set of surface treatment scheme aiming at the current situation that the part surface treatment method in the prior art has more heavy metal application and serious pollution and according to the characteristics of complex application occasions and different working conditions of mechanical parts, not only can replace the prior art to achieve better effect, but also divides complete treatment schemes aiming at different working conditions and reduces the waste of materials;

2. the application provides a part design method which determines a part processing technology according to working conditions and then performs reverse tolerance design according to the part processing technology, so that the completion of technical requirements cannot be influenced by surface treatment.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

An environmentally friendly part processing method according to the present application is characterized in that: firstly, the following corresponding steps are executed according to the working environment of the part:

(I) a part used in the interior of a housing of a machine and in the environment of lubricating oil, and if the part participates in interference fit or transition fit, performing antirust paint coating treatment;

if the parts participate in clearance fit, performing surface treatment on the zinc-aluminum coating, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n;

(II) exposed fasteners to equipment within the hold; or a field environment of normal atmosphere; or the part is in the medium of water or slurry, and the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating is carried out, and the total film thickness of the coating is m-n mu m;

(III) carrying out zinc-aluminum coating surface treatment on exposed fasteners of equipment on a deck or parts exposed in a marine atmospheric environment, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n microns; or hot dip galvanizing layer treatment is carried out;

(IV) carrying out surface treatment on a zinc-aluminum coating on parts which are in contact with seawater and comprise parts which are immersed in the seawater or splashed by the seawater, wherein the total film thickness of the coating is m-n micrometers;

wherein m and n are respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the total thickness of the zinc-aluminum coating, and m is less than n.

The parts to be processed are divided according to application scenes, and the parts correspond to different surface processing modes.

Further, in the surface treatment of the zinc-aluminum coating, the coating is sprayed or dip-coated; the construction viscosity is 15-30 seconds; curing temperature: 250-270 ℃; curing time: 15-30 minutes.

Among them, it is recommended to cure the workpiece after the temperature of the workpiece reaches 250 ℃ and then the temperature is maintained for 30 minutes.

Further, in case (I), the total film thickness is 8 to 12 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h;

further, in case (II), the total film thickness is 8 to 12 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h;

further, in case (III), the total film thickness is 20 to 24 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 1200 h;

further, in case (IV), the total film thickness is 30 to 45 μm; the neutral salt spray test time is more than 720 h;

further, if the zinc-aluminum coating surface-treated part is provided with an inner hole to be matched, the coating thickness of the surface treatment is m-n (mm), the hole diameter and the tolerance after coating are required to be Ddc, and the size before coating of the part is adjusted to Dab (Dd +2mc +2 n).

This arrangement is because the zinc-aluminium coating will change the envelope dimensions of the workpiece and therefore the thickness of the coating needs to be taken into account when designing the part, i.e. the present invention also relates to a method of designing a workpiece using a zinc-aluminium coating surface treatment method.

However, since the critical dimensions of the workpiece are given in the form of tolerances, the coating thickness is also a variable range; the workpiece after coating still participates in the matching of the original design, so that the comprehensive influence of the original tolerance and the coating thickness is combined, and the size design method of the part needing coating is provided.

For example:

a matching hole is arranged on a part, the thickness of the coating is 8-12 mu m, and the requirement is thatAfter coating, the survival size is

(+0.072,0), the pore diameter and tolerance before coating are

(+0.088,+0.024). On the drawings, the aperture should be labeled as:(before coating) based on the presence of a marker or marker

0 (after coating).

Further, if the zinc-aluminum coating surface-treated part has an outer cylindrical (axial) surface to be matched, the coating thickness of the surface treatment is m-n (mm), and the axial diameter and the tolerance after coating are required to be Ddc, the pre-coating size of the part is adjusted to Dab-Dd-2 nc-2 m.

For example:

an external cylindrical shaft for matching is arranged on a part, the thickness of the coating is 8-12 mu m, and the survival size after coating is required to be

(-0.050, -0.122), the shaft diameter and tolerance before coating are(-0.074, -0.138). On the drawings, the shaft diameter should be marked as:(before coating) based on the presence of a marker or marker

(after coating).

The steps can be seen that according to the working environment, the matching type and the tolerance type of the cylindrical combination, all parts are classified into a specific situation, specific processing parameters and methods are provided, particularly, a part tolerance design method suitable for a zinc-aluminum coating is provided, and the method can be suitable for various parts needing surface processing.

Further, in cases (I) and (II), the type 52-110/K20528 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating is adopted;

further, in case (III), a type 52-110/K20528 of the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating is used;

further, in case (IV), the type 01-411/K19038 in the Schlumban Xylan series zinc-aluminum coating was used.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.