Flame-retardant composite fiber and preparation method thereof

文档序号：999085 发布日期：2020-10-23 浏览：14次中文

阅读说明：本技术 一种阻燃复合纤维及其制备方法 (Flame-retardant composite fiber and preparation method thereof ) 是由吴聪于 2020-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种阻燃复合纤维及其制备方法,该阻燃复合纤维是由内层阻燃层、中间耐磨层和外层阻燃层所组成的三层结构,内层阻燃层采用韧性高、强度大、阻燃效果好的芳砜纶纤维和芳纶纤维,复合添加改性聚丙烯腈纤维,提高对人体的保护效果,外层阻燃层采用聚酯纤维、竹炭纤维、酚醛纤维,贴近人体,采用柔软舒适、透气性好的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维,提高面料耐久性,中间耐磨层采用聚酯纤维、氨纶弹性纤维丝、棉纤维、巴百纱纤维、植物炭纤维,即植物炭纤维采用木质素纤维与竹纤维作为原料,木质素纤维对人体无害,属绿色环保产品,纤维微观结构是带状弯曲的,多孔的,交叉处是扁平的,有良好的韧性、分散性和化学稳定性,吸水能力强。(The invention discloses a flame-retardant composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, the flame-retardant composite fiber is a three-layer structure consisting of an inner flame-retardant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer and an outer flame-retardant layer, the inner flame-retardant layer adopts polysulfonamide fiber and aramid fiber with high toughness, high strength and good flame-retardant effect, modified polyacrylonitrile fiber is added in a compounding way to improve the protection effect on human bodies, the outer flame-retardant layer adopts polyester fiber, bamboo carbon fiber and phenolic fiber, is close to human bodies, adopts soft, comfortable and good-air-permeability bamboo carbon fiber and polyester fiber to improve the durability of fabrics, the middle wear-resistant layer adopts polyester fiber, spandex elastic fiber, cotton fiber, baobao yarn fiber and plant carbon fiber, namely the plant carbon fiber adopts lignin fiber and bamboo fiber as raw materials, the lignin fiber is harmless to human bodies, belongs to a green and environment-friendly product, the microstructure of the fiber is banded and bent, the porous, flat cross-over, has good toughness, dispersibility, chemical stability and water absorption capacity.)

1. The flame-retardant composite fiber is characterized in that the flame-retardant composite fiber is of a three-layer structure consisting of an inner flame-retardant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer and an outer flame-retardant layer;

the preparation method of the flame-retardant composite fiber comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: rolling the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer by a high-temperature roller to enable one surfaces of the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to be smooth, and performing high-temperature pretreatment on the treated smooth inner adsorption layer at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer with stable sizes;

step two: respectively erecting the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer with stable size in the first step on an inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller (201) and an outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller (203) of a T-shaped composite table (1), erecting the middle wear-resistant layer on a middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller (202) of the T-shaped composite table (1), driving the inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller (201), the middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller (202) and the outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller (203) to synchronously rotate through a motor I (208), synchronously unreeling the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer, penetrating the middle wear-resistant layer through a first guide frame (301), laminating the middle wear-resistant layer into the double sides of a glue dipping box (3) through a dip-direction frame (302), penetrating the glued middle wear-resistant layer through a second guide frame (303), extruding redundant glue on the middle wear-resistant layer, the inner flame-retardant layer and the flame-retardant layer, synchronously guiding the squeezed glue to a pre-pressing frame (4), pre-pressing the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer through two extrusion rollers (405) on the pre-pressing frame (4) to obtain a primarily bonded flame-retardant composite fiber initial material;

step three: according to the thickness of the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material obtained in the step two, a motor six (603) is used for driving a screw rod three (602) to rotate, the distance between nut seats three (604) at two ends of the screw rod three (602) is adjusted, the distance between two lower sizing rollers (606) on a lower pressing table (6) is determined, a motor four (503) is used for driving a screw rod two (502) to rotate, the screw rod two (502) drives a nut seat two (504) to move in the vertical direction, so that the height of an upper sizing roller (506) is adjusted, the upper sizing roller (506) is positioned right above the middle position of the two lower sizing rollers (606), the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material passes through the space between the upper pressing table (5) and the lower pressing table (6), the upper sizing roller (506) and the two lower sizing rollers (606) are used for heating and sizing the flame-retardant composite fiber material, and the sized flame-retardant composite fiber initial material is collected by a winding roller on a winding frame (7), thereby obtaining the flame-retardant composite fiber.

2. The flame-retardant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the inner flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber, 15-20 parts of polysulfonamide fiber, 10-20 parts of aramid fiber, 10-20 parts of polyester fiber and 10-15 parts of activated carbon fiber;

the preparation of the inner flame-retardant layer comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preliminarily loosening the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber, the polyester fiber and the activated carbon fiber in parts by weight to obtain uniformly mixed fibers, then blending the polyester fiber and the activated carbon fiber to obtain a mixed fiber layer, and secondarily blending the mixed fiber layer and the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber to completely wrap the mixed fiber layer to obtain a fiber base layer;

step two: firstly, preliminarily loosening the polysulfonamide fibers and the aramid fibers in parts by weight to obtain uniformly mixed fibers, and then blending the polysulfonamide fibers and the aramid fibers to obtain a fiber surface layer;

step three: and (3) weaving the fiber surface layer in the second step and the fiber base layer in the first step into a multi-layer fiber net through a lapping machine, and manufacturing the multi-layer fiber net into the inner flame-retardant layer through a textile machine.

3. The flame-retardant composite fiber according to claim 2, wherein the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber is prepared by placing polyacrylonitrile fiber in an ethanol solution with a concentration of 25 wt%, treating at 75-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h to obtain a pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber, placing the pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber in a hydrazine hydrate solution, treating at 95-100 ℃ for 30-45min, washing with water for 5-7 times, and vacuum drying to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber.

4. The flame-retardant composite fiber according to claim 2, wherein the fiber of the activated carbon fiber isThe fiber diameter is 3-8 μm, and the specific surface area is 1200-1600m²The pore diameter is 0.8-3.0nm, and micropores are uniformly distributed on the surface of the fiber.

5. The flame-retardant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate wear-resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of polyester fiber, 15-20 parts of spandex elastic fiber, 10-15 parts of cotton fiber, 15-20 parts of Babai yarn fiber and 10-15 parts of plant carbon fiber;

the preparation of the intermediate wear-resistant layer comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preliminarily loosening the polyester fiber, the spandex elastic fiber, the cotton fiber, the meta-aramid fiber, the Babai yarn fiber, the glass fiber and the plant carbon fiber in parts by weight to obtain uniformly mixed fibers, and then finely loosening the fibers to mix the fiber components;

step two: carding various raw material fibers treated in the step one to form a single-layer fiber net;

step three: and (4) weaving the single-layer fiber net in the second step into a multi-layer fiber net by a net laying machine, and sewing the multi-layer fiber net into the middle wear-resistant layer.

6. The flame-retardant composite fiber according to claim 5, wherein the plant fiber is prepared from lignin fiber and bamboo fiber in a ratio of 1: 1 by mass ratio.

7. The flame-retardant composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the outer flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of polyester fiber, 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber and 30-35 parts of phenolic fiber;

the preparation of the outer flame-retardant layer comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: opening and mixing polyester fibers, bamboo charcoal fibers and phenolic aldehyde fibers, then carding, and then carrying out hot air bonding to obtain a textile base material;

step two: and (3) spraying the textile base material obtained in the step one onto a receiving device which moves transversely at a high speed and longitudinally at a low speed, cooling by air to form a non-woven fabric, and then conveying the non-woven fabric to a roller receiver for rolling to obtain the outer flame-retardant layer.

8. The preparation method of the flame-retardant composite fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite fiber preparation, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant composite fiber and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Common textile fibers such as cotton, wool, silk and hemp and synthetic fibers such as terylene, chinlon, polypropylene, viscose, acrylic and the like have poor high-temperature resistance and flame retardance, but the fibers can be endowed with certain flame retardance after chemical modification or flame retardant finishing. The flame-retardant modified synthetic fibers with large application amount comprise flame-retardant terylene, flame-retardant chinlon, flame-retardant viscose and the like, and the natural fibers comprise flame-retardant cotton fibers, flame-retardant wool fibers and the like. With the continuous progress of science and technology, various high-performance flame-retardant fibers and flame-retardant finishing technologies emerge continuously, flame-retardant and heat-resistant protective working clothes are developed continuously, and the performance tends to be more and more perfect.

The patent application number (CN201510586174.5) discloses a composite flame-retardant fabric fiber which is formed by blending and weaving a first flame-retardant fabric fiber and a second flame-retardant fabric fiber, wherein the first flame-retardant fabric fiber is formed by blending and weaving polyparaphthalein oxalate diamido metal neoplasms, tiger kapok fiber and polyamide fiber, and the second flame-retardant fabric fiber is formed by blending and weaving phenolic fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber and polyester fiber, so that the composite flame-retardant fabric fiber has the characteristic of good flame-retardant effect;

however, the existing composite fiber has the following defects in the preparation and use processes:

1. in order to achieve the flame-retardant effect, a small amount of halogen flame retardant is usually added into the existing flame-retardant composite fiber, and toxic and harmful gas is generated when the halogen flame retardant is combusted in the using process, so that the smoke concentration is high, and the environmental protection performance is poor;

2. the existing flame-retardant composite fiber is usually prepared by weaving or bonding, when the combined flame-retardant fiber is processed by bonding, the bonding surfaces of a plurality of flame-retardant layers are usually respectively coated with glue, so that the bonding efficiency of the flame-retardant composite fiber is low, and the gluing is troublesome;

3. the bonding device of the existing flame-retardant composite fiber is usually used for compressing and bonding through a pair of compression rollers, and bonding and compounding are completed through single rolling, so that the flame-retardant composite fiber has the phenomenon of infirm bonding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a flame-retardant composite fiber, a preparation method thereof and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the background technology:

the purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the flame-retardant composite fiber is a three-layer structure consisting of an inner flame-retardant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer and an outer flame-retardant layer;

the preparation method of the flame-retardant composite fiber comprises the following steps:

step two: respectively erecting the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer which are stable in size in the first step on an inner flame-retardant layer installation roller and an outer flame-retardant layer installation roller of a T-shaped composite table, erecting the middle wear-resistant layer on a middle wear-resistant layer installation roller of the T-shaped composite table, driving the inner flame-retardant layer installation roller, the middle wear-resistant layer installation roller and the outer flame-retardant layer installation roller to synchronously rotate through a motor I to realize synchronous unreeling of the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer, penetrating the middle wear-resistant layer through a first guide frame, pressing the middle wear-resistant layer into a glue dipping box through a dip frame to carry out double-sided gluing, penetrating the glued middle wear-resistant layer through a second guide frame to extrude redundant glue of the middle wear-resistant layer, synchronously guiding the squeezed middle wear-resistant layer, the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to a pre-pressing frame, and realizing the inner flame-, Pre-pressing the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to obtain a primarily bonded flame-retardant composite fiber primary material;

step three: and D, according to the thickness of the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material obtained in the step II, driving the screw rod III to rotate through the motor six, adjusting the distance between the nut seats III at the two ends of the screw rod III, determining the distance between the two lower sizing rollers on the lower pressing table, driving the screw rod II to rotate through the motor four, driving the nut seats II to move in the vertical direction through the screw rod II, adjusting the height of the upper sizing roller, enabling the upper sizing roller to be positioned right above the middle position of the two lower sizing rollers, enabling the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material to pass through the upper pressing table and the lower pressing table, enabling the upper sizing roller and the two lower sizing rollers to heat and size the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material, and collecting the sized flame-retardant composite fiber initial material through a winding roller on a winding frame, thereby obtaining the flame-retardant composite fiber.

As a further scheme of the invention: the inner flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber, 15-20 parts of polysulfonamide fiber, 10-20 parts of aramid fiber, 10-20 parts of polyester fiber and 10-15 parts of activated carbon fiber;

the preparation of the inner flame-retardant layer comprises the following steps:

As a further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber comprises the steps of putting polyacrylonitrile fiber into an ethanol solution with the concentration of 25 wt%, processing for 1-1.5h at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ to obtain pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber, putting the pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber into a hydrazine hydrate solution, processing for 30-45min at the temperature of 95-100 ℃, washing for 5-7 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber.

As a further scheme of the invention: the fiber diameter of the active carbon fiber is 3-8 μm, and the specific surface area is 1200-1600m²G, pore diameter of 0.8-3.0nm, and microporesIs evenly distributed on the surface of the fiber.

As a further scheme of the invention: the middle wear-resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of polyester fiber, 15-20 parts of spandex elastic fiber, 10-15 parts of cotton fiber, 15-20 parts of Babai yarn fiber and 10-15 parts of plant carbon fiber;

the preparation of the intermediate wear-resistant layer comprises the following steps:

step two: carding various raw material fibers treated in the step one to form a single-layer fiber net;

As a further scheme of the invention: the plant fiber is prepared from lignin fiber and bamboo fiber according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 by mass ratio.

As a further scheme of the invention: the outer flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of polyester fiber, 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber and 30-35 parts of phenolic fiber;

the preparation of the outer flame-retardant layer comprises the following steps:

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the flame-retardant composite fiber of the flame-retardant composite fiber prepared by the invention is of a three-layer structure consisting of an inner flame-retardant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer and an outer flame-retardant layer, wherein the inner flame-retardant layer adopts polysulfonamide fiber and aramid fiber which have high toughness, high strength and good flame-retardant effect, modified polyacrylonitrile fiber is added in a compounding way, the protection effect on a human body is improved, the outer flame-retardant layer adopts polyester fiber, bamboo carbon fiber and phenolic fiber, is close to the human body, adopts soft, comfortable and good-air-permeability bamboo carbon fiber and polyester fiber, improves the comfort level of the fabric, has strong durability, reaches the A-level protection in the national flame-retardant fabric standard, does not contain halogen flame retardant, does not generate toxic and harmful gas during combustion, has the characteristics of low toxicity, low smoke and small environmental pollution, and the middle wear-resistant layer adopts polyester fiber, spandex elastic fiber, cotton fiber, the plant carbon fiber adopts lignin fiber and bamboo fiber as raw materials, the lignin fiber is harmless to human bodies and belongs to a green environment-friendly product, the microstructure of the fiber is ribbon-shaped and bent, uneven and porous, the cross part is flat, and the fiber has good toughness, dispersibility and chemical stability, strong water absorption capacity and very excellent thickening and anti-cracking performance, so that the air permeability of the flame-retardant composite fiber reaches 19-28mm/s, and the wear resistance reaches 40000-;

2. the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer are respectively erected on an inner flame-retardant layer installation roller and an outer flame-retardant layer installation roller of a T-shaped composite table, the middle wear-resistant layer is erected on a middle wear-resistant layer installation roller of the T-shaped composite table, the inner flame-retardant layer installation roller, the middle wear-resistant layer installation roller and the outer flame-retardant layer installation roller are driven to synchronously rotate through a motor I, synchronous unreeling of the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer is achieved, the middle wear-resistant layer penetrates through a first guide frame, the middle wear-resistant layer is pressed into a glue dipping box through a dip frame for double-sided gluing, the glued middle wear-resistant layer penetrates through a second guide frame, redundant glue of the middle wear-resistant layer is extruded, the squeezed middle wear-resistant layer, the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer are synchronously guided to a pre-pressing frame, pre-pressing of the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear, obtaining a primarily bonded flame-retardant composite fiber initial material, enabling the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material to pass through an upper pressing table and a lower pressing table, enabling an upper shaping roller and two lower shaping rollers to heat and shape the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material to obtain the flame-retardant composite fiber, enabling the flame-retardant composite fiber to be bonded, and realizing three-layer composite bonding of the flame-retardant composite fiber through single coating of an intermediate wear-resistant layer, so that the bonding efficiency of the flame-retardant composite fiber is improved;

3. according to the thickness of the flame-retardant composite fiber primary material, the distance between the nut seats at the two ends of the screw rod three is adjusted by driving the screw rod three to rotate through the motor six, the distance between the two lower sizing rollers on the lower pressing table is determined, the screw rod two is driven to move in the vertical direction by driving the nut seats two to adjust the height of the upper sizing roller, the upper sizing roller is positioned right above the middle position of the two lower sizing rollers, the flame-retardant composite fiber primary material passes through the upper pressing table and the lower pressing table, and the upper sizing roller and the two lower sizing rollers heat and size the flame-retardant composite fiber primary material, so that the T-shaped composite table is high in practicability, can bond and process flame-retardant composite fibers with different thicknesses, and is wide in application range.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a T-type composite table according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the unwinding frame of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the inventive glue spreading box.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the inventive applicator box.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the guide frame of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the immersion holder of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a pre-press frame according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper pressing table in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower pressing table in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the electromagnetic heating apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a T-shaped composite table 1, a first strip-shaped groove 101, a second strip-shaped groove 102, an unreeling frame 2, an inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201, a middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202, an outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203, a first gear 204, a second gear 205, a third gear 206, a gear belt 207, a first motor 208, a gluing box 3, a first guide frame 301, a first U-shaped frame 3011, a first fixed roller 3012, a second U-shaped frame 3013, a guide groove 3014, a first spring 3015, a first moving roller 3016, a locking screw 3017, a belt pulley 3018, a second motor 3019, a belt 3010, a soaking frame 302, a third U-shaped frame 3021, a moving plate 3022, a push rod 3023, a second spring 3024, a guide column 3025, a third spring 3026, a connecting rod 3027, a pressing roller 3028, a second guide frame 303, a pre-pressing frame 4, a first side plate 401, a first screw 402, a third motor 403, a first nut seat 404, a pressing roller 405, an upper pressing table 5, a second side plate 501, a second screw 502, the device comprises an upper sizing roller 506, an electromagnetic heating device 507, an electromagnetic coil connecting wire 5071, an electromagnetic heating controller 5072, a lower pressing table 6, a U-shaped table 601, a third screw 602, a sixth motor 603, a third nut seat 604, a third side plate 605, a lower sizing roller 606, a seventh motor 607 and a winding frame 7.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a flame-retardant composite fiber is a three-layer structure consisting of an inner flame-retardant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer and an outer flame-retardant layer;

the preparation method of the flame-retardant composite fiber comprises the following steps:

step two: respectively erecting the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer with stable size in the first step on an inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201 and an outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 of the T-shaped composite table 1, erecting the middle wear-resistant layer on a middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 of the T-shaped composite table 1, driving the inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201, the middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 and the outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 to synchronously rotate through a motor I208, synchronously unreeling the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer, penetrating the middle wear-resistant layer through a guide frame I301, pressing the middle wear-resistant layer into a rubber dipping box 3 through a dipping frame I302 for double-sided gluing, penetrating the glued middle wear-resistant layer through a guide frame II 303, extruding redundant rubber of the middle wear-resistant layer, synchronously guiding the squeezed middle flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to a pre-pressing frame 4, and realizing the inner flame-retardant layer through two extrusion rollers 405 and pre pressing rollers 405 on the, Pre-pressing the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to obtain a primarily bonded flame-retardant composite fiber primary material;

step three: according to the thickness of the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material obtained in the second step, the third screw 602 is driven to rotate through the sixth motor 603, the distance between the third nut seats 604 at the two ends of the third screw 602 is adjusted, the distance between the two lower sizing rollers 606 on the lower pressing table 6 is determined, the second screw 502 is driven to rotate through the fourth motor 503, the second screw 502 drives the second nut seat 504 to move in the vertical direction, the height of the upper sizing roller 506 is adjusted, the upper sizing roller 506 is positioned right above the middle position of the two lower sizing rollers 606, the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material passes through the space between the upper pressing table 5 and the lower pressing table 6, the upper sizing roller 506 and the two lower sizing rollers 606 heat and shape the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material, and the shaped flame-retardant composite fiber initial material is collected through a winding roller on a winding frame 7, so that the flame-retardant composite fiber is obtained.

The inner flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber, 17 parts of polysulfonamide fiber, 15 parts of aramid fiber, 15 parts of polyester fiber and 12 parts of activated carbon fiber;

the preparation of the inner flame-retardant layer comprises the following steps:

The preparation method of the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber comprises the steps of putting polyacrylonitrile fiber into an ethanol solution with the concentration of 25 wt%, processing for 1-1.5h at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ to obtain pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber, putting the pretreated polyacrylonitrile fiber into a hydrazine hydrate solution, processing for 30-45min at the temperature of 95-100 ℃, washing for 5-7 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile fiber.

The fiber diameter of the active carbon fiber is 3-8 μm, and the specific surface area is 1200-1600m²The pore diameter is 0.8-3.0nm, and micropores are uniformly distributed on the surface of the fiber.

The middle wear-resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of polyester fiber, 17 parts of spandex elastic fiber, 12 parts of cotton fiber, 17 parts of Babai yarn fiber and 12 parts of plant carbon fiber;

the preparation of the intermediate wear-resistant layer comprises the following steps:

step two: carding various raw material fibers treated in the step one to form a single-layer fiber net;

The plant fiber is prepared from lignin fiber and bamboo fiber according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 by mass ratio.

The outer flame-retardant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of polyester fiber, 12 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber and 33 parts of phenolic fiber;

the preparation of the outer flame-retardant layer comprises the following steps:

The preparation method of the flame-retardant composite fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step two: respectively erecting the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer with stable size in the first step on an inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201 and an outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 of the T-shaped composite table 1, erecting the middle wear-resistant layer on a middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 of the T-shaped composite table 1, driving the inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201, the middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 and the outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 to synchronously rotate through a motor I208, synchronously unreeling the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer, penetrating the middle wear-resistant layer through a guide frame I301, pressing the middle wear-resistant layer into a rubber dipping box 3 through a dipping frame I302 for double-sided gluing, penetrating the glued middle wear-resistant layer through a guide frame II 303, extruding redundant rubber of the middle wear-resistant layer, synchronously guiding the squeezed middle flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to a pre-pressing frame 4, and realizing the inner flame-retardant layer through two extrusion rollers 405 and pre pressing rollers 405 on the, Pre-pressing the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer to obtain a primarily bonded flame-retardant composite fiber primary material;

The vertical plate of the T-shaped compound table 1 is sequentially provided with an unreeling frame 2, a gluing box 3, a pre-pressing frame 4, an upper pressing table 5, a lower pressing table 6 and a reeling frame 7 from left to right;

the unreeling frame 2 comprises an inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201, a middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 and an outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 which are arranged on a vertical plate of the T-shaped composite table 1, one ends of rotating shafts connected with the inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201, the middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 and the outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 respectively penetrate through the vertical plate of the T-shaped composite table 1 to be connected with a first gear 204, a second gear 205 and a third gear 206, the first gear 204, the second gear 205 and the third gear 206 are connected in a meshed mode through a gear belt 207, and the tail end of the rotating shaft connected with the middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 is connected with the output end of a first motor 208;

the gluing box 3 is of a cuboid cavity structure with an uncovered top surface, an adhesive is arranged in the gluing box 3, a first guide frame 301, a second immersion frame 302 and a second guide frame 303 are sequentially erected on the top of the gluing box 3 from left to right, the first guide frame 301 and the second guide frame 303 are completely consistent in structure, the first guide frame 301 comprises a first U-shaped frame 3011, guide grooves 3014 are formed in vertical arms on two sides of the first U-shaped frame 3011, a first fixed roller 3012 is fixedly arranged at the bottom inside the first U-shaped frame 3011, a second U-shaped frame 3013 is arranged inside the first U-shaped frame 3011, the second U-shaped frame 3013 and the first U-shaped frame 3011 are connected through a first spring 3015, a first moving roller 3016 is rotatably connected inside the second U-shaped frame 3013, two ends of a rotating shaft connected with the first moving roller 3016 penetrate through the vertical arms on two sides of the second U-shaped frame 3013 and are arranged in the guide grooves 3014, a locking screw 3017 is connected to the central position of the top surface of the first U-shaped frame 3011 through a thread, the tail end of the locking screw 3017 abuts against the top surface of the second U-shaped frame 3013, one end of a rotating shaft connected with the first directional roller 3012 penetrates through the vertical plate of the T-shaped composite table 1 and is connected with a belt pulley and a second motor 3019, and the first guide frame 301 and the belt pulley of the second guide frame 303 are connected through a belt 3010;

the dip-steering frame 302 comprises a U-shaped frame third 3021, the U-shaped frame third 3021 is buckled on the gluing box 3 in a reversed manner, a movable plate 3022 is horizontally arranged inside the U-shaped frame third 3021, the top surface of the movable plate 3022 is connected with the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame third 3021 through a second spring 3024, two ends of the bottom surface of the movable plate 3022 are vertically provided with guide posts 3025, the guide posts 3025 are slidably connected with connecting rods 3027, the connecting rods 3027 are rotatably connected with compressing rollers 3028, the guide posts 3025 are sleeved with a third spring 3026, the bottom end of the third spring 3026 abuts against the surface of the connecting rods 3027, the middle position of the top surface of the U-shaped frame third 3021 is connected with a push rod 3023 through threads, and the tail end of the push rod 3023 abuts against the top surface of the movable plate 3022;

the pre-compression frame 4 comprises first side plates 401 arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the back of the first strip-shaped groove 101, a first screw 402 is arranged between the first side plates 401 on the two sides, the top end of the first screw 402 penetrates through the first side plates 401 and is connected with a third motor 403, the screw threads of the first screw 402 along the two ends of the center line direction are opposite in rotating direction, the two ends of the first screw 402 are connected with first nut seats 404 through screw threads, the side surfaces of the first nut seats 404 are connected with rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the first strip-shaped groove 101 and are connected with extrusion rollers;

the upper pressing table 5 comprises two side plates 501 arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the back of the second strip-shaped groove 102, a second screw 502 is arranged between the two side plates 501, the top end of the second screw 502 penetrates through the second side plates 501 and is connected with a fourth motor 503, the second screw 502 is connected with a second nut seat 504 through threads, a fifth motor 505 is arranged on the side surface of the second nut seat 504, and an output shaft of the fifth motor 505 penetrates through the second strip-shaped groove 102 and is connected with an upper shaping roller 506;

the lower pressing table 6 comprises a U-shaped table 601, a third screw 602 is horizontally arranged inside the U-shaped table 601, one end of the third screw 602 penetrates through one end of the U-shaped table 601 and is fixedly connected with the output end of a sixth motor 603, the thread turning directions of the third screw 602 at two ends along the center line direction are opposite, two ends of the third screw 602 are connected with a third nut seat 604 through threads, two ends of the top surface of the third nut seat 604 are provided with third side plates 605, a rotating shaft is arranged between the third side plates 605 at two ends of the top surface of the third nut seat 604, one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the third side plate 605 at one end of the third screw and is connected with a seventh motor 607, and a lower shaping roller 606 is arranged on;

the upper sizing roller 506 and the lower sizing roller 606 are both provided with an electromagnetic heating device 507, the electromagnetic heating device 507 is composed of a spiral coil and a cylindrical metal column, the spiral coil is sleeved outside the cylindrical metal column, the spiral coil is connected with an electromagnetic heating controller 5072 through an electromagnetic coil connecting wire 5071, the electromagnetic heating controller 5072 is fixedly arranged on the back of a vertical plate of the T-shaped composite table 1, and the cylindrical metal column is sleeved on the upper sizing roller 506 and the lower sizing roller 606 respectively;

and a winding frame 7 is further arranged on the vertical plate of the T-shaped composite table 1.

The working principle of the T-shaped composite table 1 is as follows: the inner flame-retardant layer mounting roller 201, the middle wear-resistant layer mounting roller 202 and the outer flame-retardant layer mounting roller 203 are driven to synchronously rotate by a motor I208, so that the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer are synchronously unreeled, the middle wear-resistant layer penetrates through a guide frame I301, the middle wear-resistant layer is pressed into a glue dipping box 3 through a glue dipping frame 302 for double-sided gluing, the glued middle wear-resistant layer penetrates through a guide frame II 303, redundant glue of the middle wear-resistant layer is extruded, the glued middle wear-resistant layer, the inner flame-retardant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer are synchronously guided to a pre-pressing frame 4, pre-pressing of the inner flame-retardant layer, the middle wear-resistant layer and the outer flame-retardant layer is realized by two extrusion rollers 405 on the pre-pressing frame 4, a primarily bonded flame-retardant composite fiber primary material is obtained, a screw rod III 602 is driven to rotate by a motor VI 603 according to the thickness of the flame-, determining the distance between the two lower sizing rollers 606 on the lower compacting table 6, driving the second screw 502 to rotate through the fourth motor 503, driving the second nut seat 504 to move in the vertical direction by the second screw 502, adjusting the height of the upper sizing roller 506, enabling the upper sizing roller 506 to be positioned right above the middle position of the two lower sizing rollers 606, enabling the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material to pass through the space between the upper compacting table 5 and the lower compacting table 6, enabling the upper sizing roller 506 and the two lower sizing rollers 606 to heat and shape the flame-retardant composite fiber initial material, and collecting the shaped flame-retardant composite fiber initial material through a winding roller on a winding frame 7, thereby obtaining the flame-retardant composite fiber.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

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Flame-retardant composite fiber and preparation method thereof

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