阅读说明：本技术 一种城市轨道交通用减振扣件 (Damping fastener for urban rail transit ) 是由 汤啸 朱世岳 候亮 陈湘 于 2020-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于轨道交通技术领域,特指一种城市轨道交通用减振扣件,包括用于扣压钢轨的两个弹条、设置在钢轨两侧的锚固螺栓、以及依次设置在钢轨和轨枕之间的铁垫板、弹性垫板和基板,锚固螺栓依次穿过铁垫板、弹性垫板和基板与设置在轨枕内的套管连接,所述基板上方的锚固螺栓上套装有嵌套,所述嵌套的下表面与基板的上表面相抵触、上表面高出铁垫板的上表面,所述嵌套上压设有套装在锚固螺栓上的盖板,所述盖板上设有一个以上压设在铁垫板上表面的非金属弹性垫圈。本发明能有效减少钢轨振动,减少噪声,保证列车通过时的轨道平顺性,避免晃车现象的发生。(The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a vibration reduction fastener for urban rail transit, which comprises two elastic strips for fastening a steel rail, anchoring bolts arranged at two sides of the steel rail, an iron base plate, an elastic base plate and a base plate, wherein the iron base plate, the elastic base plate and the base plate are sequentially arranged between the steel rail and a sleeper, the anchoring bolts sequentially penetrate through the iron base plate, the elastic base plate and the base plate to be connected with a sleeve arranged in the sleeper, the anchoring bolts above the base plate are sleeved with a nesting sleeve, the lower surface of the nesting sleeve is abutted against the upper surface of the base plate, the upper surface of the nesting sleeve is higher than the upper surface of the iron base plate, a cover plate sleeved on the anchoring bolts is arranged on the nesting sleeve in a pressing mode, and. The invention can effectively reduce the vibration of the steel rail, reduce the noise, ensure the smoothness of the rail when a train passes through and avoid the occurrence of the phenomenon of shaking the train.)

1. The utility model provides a damping fastener for urban rail transit, including two bullet strips (6) that are used for withholding rail (1), set up anchor bolt (7) in rail (1) both sides, and set gradually iron tie plate (3) between rail (1) and sleeper (2), elastic tie plate (4) and base plate (5), anchor bolt (7) pass iron tie plate (3) in proper order, elastic tie plate (4) and base plate (5) are connected with sleeve pipe (8) that set up in sleeper (2), its characterized in that: the anchor bolt (7) of base plate (5) top is gone up the cover and is equipped with nested (9), the lower surface of nested (9) is inconsistent with the upper surface of base plate (5), the upper surface is higher than the upper surface of casting backing plate (3), nested (9) are gone up the pressure and are equipped with apron (10) of suit on anchor bolt (7), be equipped with more than one on apron (10) and press nonmetal elastic washer (11) of establishing at iron backing plate (3) upper surface.

2. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: the iron base plate (3) is provided with two bosses (3a) for transversely limiting the steel rail (1), and the nesting (9) is internally provided with a buffer distance adjusting block (12) for adjusting the rail distance.

3. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 2, wherein: the buffer distance adjusting block (12) is sleeved on the anchoring bolt (7), and the matching surfaces of the buffer distance adjusting block (12) and the nesting sleeve (9) are elliptic cylindrical surfaces.

4. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 2, wherein: the iron base plate is characterized in that the matching surface of the iron base plate (3) and the nesting (9) is a straight cylindrical surface, a limiting groove (3b) is formed in the iron base plate (3), and a limiting protrusion (9a) matched with the limiting groove (3b) is formed in the nesting (9).

5. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of the buffering distance adjusting block (12) is abutted against the lower surface of the cover plate (10), and the lower surface of the buffering distance adjusting block is abutted against the upper surface of the base plate (5).

6. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: the nesting (9) comprises a metal part (9b) sleeved on the anchoring bolt (7) and a non-metal part (9c) sleeved at the upper end of the metal part (9b), and the lower surface of the non-metal part (9c) is lower than that of the iron base plate (3).

7. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the cover plate (10) is provided with more than one groove (10a), and the nonmetal elastic gasket (11) is clamped in the groove (10 a).

8. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 7, wherein: the number of the grooves (10a) is two, and the grooves are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the anchor bolt (7).

9. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: and a spring washer (13) sleeved on the anchor bolt (7) is arranged above the cover plate (10).

10. The vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit according to claim 6, wherein: the elastic backing plate (4) is made of a low-rigidity nonmetal elastic material, the metal component (9b) is made of a high-strength metal material, and the base plate (5), the sleeve (8), the buffering distance adjusting block (12) and the nonmetal component (9c) are made of insulating materials.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a damping fastener for urban rail transit.

Background art:

in the process of promoting the urbanization development, in order to solve the increasingly serious urban public traffic problem, China starts to vigorously develop urban rail transit taking subways as main structural styles. The fastener system is the important component part of whole track system, and urban rail transit's route planning and design are gone on according to the prediction result to the passenger flow volume, must can pass through densely populated region and some important units, the condition such as crossing building structure, ancient building foundation can even appear sometimes, however line vibration and noise problem are more outstanding, both can reduce the riding comfort level, can reduce the life of various spare parts of vehicle, also can influence the work of railway resident along the line simultaneously, quality of life and various equipment, the life of building.

Usually, the fastener system can set up the elastic backing plate between rail and sleeper, and the elasticity through the elastic backing plate is damped the vibration and is fallen and make an uproar, nevertheless when the elastic backing plate loses elasticity, the train easily appears shaking the car phenomenon, and the rail vibration is big, and the noise is serious.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a vibration-damping fastener for urban rail transit, which can effectively reduce the vibration of a steel rail, reduce noise, ensure the smoothness of a rail when a train passes through and avoid the phenomenon of vehicle shaking.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

the utility model provides a damping fastener for urban rail transit, is including two bullet strips, the anchor bolt of setting in the rail both sides that are used for withholding the rail and set gradually iron tie plate, elastic backing plate and the base plate between rail and sleeper, and the anchor bolt passes iron tie plate, elastic backing plate and base plate in proper order and sets up the bushing in the sleeper, the cover is equipped with nestedly on the anchor bolt of base plate top, the upper surface of nested lower surface and base plate offsets and touch, the upper surface exceeds the upper surface of iron tie plate, the cover is pushed upward and is equipped with the apron of suit on the anchor bolt, be equipped with the nonmetal elastic washer that more than one was pressed and is established at iron tie plate upper surface on the apron.

In the vibration damping fastener for urban rail transit, the iron base plate is provided with two bosses for transversely limiting the steel rail, and the buffer distance adjusting block for adjusting the rail distance is arranged in the nest.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the buffering distance adjusting block is sleeved on the anchoring bolt, and the matching surface of the buffering distance adjusting block and the nesting is an elliptic cylindrical surface. The matching surfaces of the buffer distance adjusting block and the nest can also be parabolic cylinders, the side surfaces of triangular prisms and the side surfaces of pentagonal prisms.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the matching surface of the iron base plate and the nesting is a straight cylindrical surface, the iron base plate is provided with a limiting groove, and the nesting is provided with a limiting bulge matched with the limiting groove.

In the vibration reduction fastener for urban rail transit, the upper surface of the buffering distance adjusting block is abutted against the lower surface of the cover plate, and the lower surface of the buffering distance adjusting block is abutted against the upper surface of the base plate.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the boss is provided with the T-shaped bolt, and the T-shaped bolt penetrates through the elastic strip and the flat washer to be connected with the nut in a threaded manner.

In the vibration-damping fastener for urban rail transit, the rail lower backing plate is arranged between the steel rail and the iron backing plate, the rail lower backing plate is arranged between the two bosses, and the rail lower backing plate is made of insulating materials.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the nesting comprises a metal part sleeved on the anchoring bolt and a non-metal part sleeved at the upper end of the metal part, and the lower surface of the non-metal part is lower than that of the iron base plate.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the lower end of the cover plate is provided with more than one groove, and the nonmetal elastic washer is clamped in the groove.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the number of the grooves is two, and the grooves are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the anchor bolt.

In the damping fastener for urban rail transit, the spring washer sleeved on the anchor bolt is arranged above the cover plate.

In the vibration reduction fastener for urban rail transit, the elastic base plate is made of a low-rigidity nonmetal elastic material, the metal component is made of a high-strength metal material, and the base plate, the sleeve, the buffering distance adjusting block and the nonmetal component are made of insulating materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:

1. when the elastic base plate loses elasticity, the elasticity of the nonmetal elastic washer compensates the gap between the iron base plate and the elastic base plate, so that the empty hanging phenomenon between the iron base plate and the elastic base plate is prevented, the smoothness of a track when a train passes through can be ensured, the phenomenon of vehicle shaking is avoided, the vibration of a steel rail is effectively reduced, and the noise is reduced;

2. according to the invention, a larger friction force is generated between the metal component and the substrate to reduce the shearing force of the anchor bolt due to the transverse and longitudinal loads of the steel rail, so that the anchor bolt is protected to a certain extent, the service life of the anchor bolt is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced;

3. the track gauge adjustment is realized through the buffer gauge adjusting block, the adjustment range is large, the track gauge holding capacity is strong, and the stability of a fastener system is improved;

4. the fastener can be assembled into an integral fastener through the screw connection of the anchor bolt and the sleeve, can be pre-assembled before the construction of the track, and can be integrally installed on the sleeper through the sleeve. In the pre-assembly mode, the interior of the fastener is tightly assembled, so that sundries such as concrete and the like are effectively prevented from entering the interior of a fastener system when a sleeper is manufactured or cast-in-place, and the efficiency and the precision of the construction process are greatly improved;

5. the elastic base plate, the sleeve, the non-metal part, the buffering distance adjusting block and the under-rail base plate are all made of insulating materials, the number of metal parts is small, the corrosion resistance, the insulating property, the stability and the installation efficiency of the fastener can be improved, and the maintenance and maintenance work caused by the insulating and corrosion problems in the operation process is effectively reduced.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a half sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the assembly of the iron backing plate, the elastic backing plate, the base plate, the nesting block, the buffering distance-adjusting block and the under-rail backing plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an iron shim plate of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the cover plate and non-metallic resilient gasket of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a cover plate and a non-metallic resilient gasket of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a nest of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the nest of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of a buffer spacer of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a steel rail; 2. a sleeper; 3. an iron backing plate; 3a, a boss; 3b, limiting grooves; 4. an elastic backing plate; 5. a substrate; 6. a spring bar; 7. an anchor bolt; 8. a sleeve; 9. nesting; 9a, a limiting bulge; 9b, a metal member; 9c, non-metallic components; 10. a cover plate; 10a, a groove; 11. a non-metallic elastomeric gasket; 12. a buffer distance adjusting block; 13. a spring washer; 14. a T-bolt; 15. a flat washer; 16. a nut; 17. and a rail lower backing plate.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention will now be further described in the following by way of specific examples, with reference to figures 1 to 10:

the utility model provides a damping fastener for urban rail transit, is including two bullet strips 6, the anchor bolt 7 of setting in 1 both sides of rail that are used for withholding rail 1 and set gradually iron tie plate 3, elastic backing plate 4 and the base plate 5 between rail 1 and sleeper 2, anchor bolt 7 passes iron tie plate 3, elastic backing plate 4 and base plate 5 in proper order and is connected with the sleeve pipe 8 that sets up in sleeper 2, the cover is equipped with nested 9 on the anchor bolt 7 of base plate 5 top, the lower surface of nested 9 is inconsistent with the upper surface of base plate 5, the upper surface exceeds the upper surface of iron tie plate 3, nested 9 is pushed up and is equipped with the apron 10 of suit on anchor bolt 7, be equipped with more than one on the apron 10 and press the nonmetal elastic washer 11 of establishing at iron tie plate 3 upper surface.

The invention takes the length direction of the steel rail 1 as the longitudinal direction and takes the width direction of the steel rail 1 as the transverse direction.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, an iron base plate 3, an elastic base plate 4 and a base plate 5 are fixed on a sleeper 2 through an anchor bolt 7, a cover plate 10 and a nest 9 are fixed on the base plate 5 through the anchor bolt 7, the fastener can be assembled into an integral fastener through the screw connection of the anchor bolt 7 and a sleeve 8, the integral fastener can be pre-assembled before track construction, the sleeve 8 is installed on the sleeper 2 during construction, the installation of the invention on the sleeper 2 can be completed, and the steel rail 1 is buckled through an elastic strip 6, so that the installation of the steel rail 1 can be completed. According to the pre-assembly mode, the interior of the fastener is tightly assembled, so that sundries such as concrete and the like are effectively prevented from entering the interior of the fastener system when the sleeper 2 is manufactured or cast in place, and the efficiency and the precision of the construction process are greatly improved. The sleeper bearing sleeve can also be assembled in a traditional mode, the sleeve 8 is pre-embedded in the sleeper 2, the base plate 5, the elastic base plate 4, the iron base plate 3, the nesting 9 and the cover plate 10 are sequentially installed, and finally the sleeper bearing sleeve is fixed with the sleeve 8 through the anchoring screws 7 in a screwed mode.

As shown in figure 2, when the elastic backing plate 4 loses elasticity, the elasticity of the nonmetal elastic washer 11 compensates the gap between the iron backing plate 3 and the elastic backing plate 4, so that the empty hanging phenomenon between the iron backing plate 3 and the elastic backing plate 4 is prevented, the smoothness of a track when a train passes through can be ensured, the phenomenon of shaking the train is avoided, the vibration of a steel rail is effectively reduced, and the noise is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, two bosses 3a for laterally limiting the steel rail 1 are further provided on the iron backing plate 3, and a buffer distance adjusting block 12 for adjusting the track distance is provided in the nest 9. The steel rail 1 is arranged between the two bosses 3a, the position of the anchor bolt 7 is fixed, and the transverse position of the iron base plate 3 relative to the anchor bolt 7 is adjusted by adjusting the buffering distance-adjusting block 12, so that the transverse positions of the two bosses 3a are adjusted, and further the transverse position of the steel rail 1 is adjusted, namely the purpose of adjusting the track gauge is achieved. The track gauge adjustment is realized through the buffer gauge adjusting block 12, the adjustment range is large, the track gauge holding capacity is strong, and the stability of the fastener system is improved.

The structure and installation mode of the buffering distance adjusting block 12 can be as follows: the buffering distance adjusting block 12 is a left buffering distance adjusting block and a right buffering distance adjusting block which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the anchor bolt 7, and the transverse position of the iron base plate 3 relative to the anchor bolt 7 is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the left buffering distance adjusting block and the right buffering distance adjusting block.

The structure and the installation mode of the buffering distance adjusting block 12 can also be as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the buffering distance adjusting block 12 is sleeved on the anchor bolt 7, and the matching surfaces of the buffering distance adjusting block 12 and the nest 9 are elliptic cylindrical surfaces. The transverse position of the iron backing plate 3 relative to the anchor bolt 7 is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the buffer distance-adjusting block 12 at the left side and the right side of the anchor bolt 7. As shown in fig. 4, 8, 9 and 10, the matching surface of the buffer distance adjusting block 12 and the nesting 9 is an elliptical cylindrical surface, so that the buffer distance adjusting block 12 is prevented from rotating in the nesting 9, the adjustment of the track gauge is influenced, and the nested 9 is prevented from rotating in the running process of the train so as to drive the change of the track gauge. The mating surfaces of the damping spacer 12 and the nest 9 can also be parabolic cylinders, the sides of triangular prisms, the sides of pentagonal prisms. In this embodiment, the buffering distance adjusting block 12 is sleeved on the anchor bolt 7, and the matching surfaces of the buffering distance adjusting block 12 and the nest 9 are elliptic cylindrical surfaces.

Mounting structure of the iron backing plate 3 and the nest 9: as shown in fig. 4, 5, 8 and 9, the matching surface of the iron shim plate 3 and the nest 9 is a straight cylindrical surface, the iron shim plate 3 is provided with a limiting groove 3b, and the nest 9 is provided with a limiting protrusion 9a matched with the limiting groove 3 b. The limiting groove 3b is matched with the limiting protrusion 9a, so that the phenomenon that the track gauge is changed due to the rotation of the embedded sleeve 9 in the running process of the train is avoided, and meanwhile, the assembly is convenient.

The mounting structure of the iron tie plate 3 and the nest 9 can also be: the matching surfaces of the iron base plate 3 and the nesting 9 are the side surfaces of an elliptic cylindrical surface, a parabolic cylindrical surface, a triangular prism and a pentagonal prism, so that the nesting 9 is prevented from rotating in the running process of the train.

In order to prevent the distance adjusting block from moving in the vertical direction and simultaneously play a role of supporting the cover plate 10, the upper surface of the buffering distance adjusting block 12 is abutted against the lower surface of the cover plate 10 and the lower surface is abutted against the upper surface of the base plate 5.

Furthermore, a rail lower backing plate 17 is arranged between the steel rail 1 and the iron backing plate 3, the rail lower backing plate 17 is arranged between the two bosses 3a, and the rail lower backing plate is made of insulating materials. The under-rail pad effectively separates the steel rail 1 and the iron pad 3 and plays a role in insulation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the installation mode of buckling the steel rail 1 by the elastic strip 6 is as follows: the boss 3a is provided with a T-shaped bolt 14, and the T-shaped bolt 14 penetrates through the elastic strip 6 and the flat washer 15 to be screwed with the nut 16. The elastic strips 6 are respectively pressed on the steel rail 1 and the iron base plate 3, namely the steel rail 1 is buckled on the iron base plate 3.

As shown in fig. 1, 4, 8, 9, the structure of the nest 9: the nesting 9 comprises a metal part 9b sleeved on the anchor bolt 7 and a non-metal part 9c sleeved on the upper end of the metal part 9b, and the lower surface of the non-metal part 9c is lower than the lower surface of the iron backing plate 3. In this embodiment, the metal member 9b is made of a high-strength metal material, and a large friction force is generated between the metal member 9b and the substrate 5 to reduce the shearing force of the anchor bolt 7 due to the transverse and longitudinal loads of the rail 1, thereby protecting the anchor bolt 7 to a certain extent, prolonging the service life of the anchor bolt 7, and reducing the maintenance cost. The non-metal part 9c is made of an insulating material, the lower surface of the non-metal part 9c is lower than the lower surface of the iron base plate 3, the metal part 9b is separated from the iron base plate 3, the insulating effect is achieved, and meanwhile metal friction damage between the metal part 9b and the iron base plate 3 is effectively prevented. The abrasion of parts is small, and the track gauge expansion amount is obviously reduced.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the mounting structure of the nonmetallic elastic washer 11: the lower end of the cover plate 10 is provided with more than one groove 10a, and the nonmetal elastic washer 11 is clamped in the groove 10 a.

Furthermore, two grooves 10a may be provided, and are symmetrically provided on both sides of the anchor bolt 7 in the transverse direction. The grooves 10a may also be provided in three, evenly distributed around the anchor bolt 7. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, two grooves 10a are provided, and are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the anchor bolt 7, and the non-metal elastic washer 11 is symmetrically pressed on the iron base plate 3, so as to better compensate the gap between the iron base plate 3 and the elastic base plate 4.

The material of the non-metal elastic washer 11 may be rubber or polyurethane. In the present embodiment, the non-metallic elastic washer 11 is a rubber washer.

In order to prevent the anchor bolt 7 from loosening and protect the upper surface of the cover plate 10 from being scratched by the head of the anchor bolt 7, a spring washer 13 is provided above the cover plate 10 to be fitted over the anchor bolt 7. In the present embodiment, the spring washer 13 is a heavy duty spring washer.

Preferably, the elastic base plate 4 is made of a low-rigidity nonmetal elastic material, so that the whole fastener system has a low-rigidity characteristic, when the steel rail 1 is impacted by a train, the iron base plate 3 extrudes the elastic base plate 4 to generate large elastic deformation, the vibration reduction effect of large impact on the train is realized, and the requirements of vibration reduction and noise reduction can be met. Meanwhile, the static rigidity retention rate of the elastic backing plate 4 in field application is good, and the phenomenon that the fastener loses the original vibration damping performance after long-term use is avoided.

Furthermore, the base plate 5, the sleeve 8 and the buffering distance adjusting block 12 are all made of insulating materials. The elastic backing plate 4, the base plate 5, the sleeve 8, the non-metal part 9c, the buffering distance adjusting block 12 and the under-rail backing plate 17 are all made of insulating materials, the number of metal parts is small, the corrosion resistance, the insulating property, the stability and the installation efficiency of the fastener can be improved, and the maintenance and maintenance work caused by the insulating and corrosion problems in the operation process can be effectively reduced.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.