阅读说明：本技术 可自动预警的桥墩防撞单元拼接结构及装配、预警方法 (Pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning and assembling and early warning method ) 是由 王文炜 程毅 梁梁 王璐 赵强 周畅 曹宏斌 张殿承 张志厅 王哲 薛平 丁晓 于 2021-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及可自动预警的桥墩防撞单元拼接结构及装配、预警方法。属于土木工程、航道桥梁防护领域。第二拼接板插入第一拼接板,并通过夹具固定形成拼接单元,拼接单元间装有连接螺杆进行固定,防撞单元通过拼接单元上的栓钉相连；警报系统中各部件通过导线连接,警报器、信号处理器和微型蓄电池在第二拼接板外表面,薄片压力传感器在第二拼接板内表面,激光发射器和接收器设在支撑杆上,支撑杆通过栓钉固定在第一拼接板上。本发明能够对拼接结构和防撞单元的工作性能实时监测并自动预警,有助于维护桥墩防撞设施和增强桥梁结构安全；它适用于不同厚度及高度防撞单元,并可更换任意损坏防撞体,施工方便且应用范围广；它还能防水防锈,耐久性好。(The invention relates to a bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning and an assembling and early warning method. Belongs to the field of civil engineering and channel bridge protection. The second splicing plate is inserted into the first splicing plate and is fixed by a clamp to form splicing units, connecting screws are arranged among the splicing units for fixing, and the anti-collision units are connected by studs on the splicing units; all parts in the alarm system are connected through wires, the alarm, the signal processor and the micro storage battery are arranged on the outer surface of the second splicing plate, the sheet pressure sensor is arranged on the inner surface of the second splicing plate, the laser transmitter and the laser receiver are arranged on the supporting rod, and the supporting rod is fixed on the first splicing plate through studs. The invention can monitor the working performance of the splicing structure and the anti-collision unit in real time and automatically early warn, and is beneficial to maintaining anti-collision facilities of piers and enhancing the safety of bridge structures; the anti-collision device is suitable for anti-collision units with different thicknesses and heights, can replace any damaged anti-collision body, and is convenient to construct and wide in application range; it can also be waterproof, antirust and durable.)

1. Pier anti-collision unit mosaic structure that can automatic early warning, its characterized in that: comprises a first splice plate and a second splice plate; the first splicing plates are a plurality of blocks; the first splicing plates are positioned between adjacent pier anti-collision units, and the pier anti-collision units are formed into a spliced structure by splicing the first splicing plates in an upper, lower, left and right manner;

the upper end edge of the first splicing plate is provided with a groove, the lower end edge of the first splicing plate is provided with a lug extending outwards, and the lug of the first splicing plate is embedded in the grooves of the first splicing plates adjacent up and down; the joint of the two first splicing plates which are adjacent up and down is connected through a connecting screw rod; the joints of the two first splicing plates adjacent to the left and the right are connected in a staggered manner through the studs; the second splicing plate is positioned at the side edge of the first splicing plate, is perpendicular to the first splicing plate and is positioned on the outer side wall of the pier collision avoidance unit; the second splicing plate is connected with the pier anti-collision unit through a stud; an alarm system is arranged on the second splicing plate;

the extension length of the first splicing plates spliced with each other at the left and right sides is matched with the thickness of the pier anti-collision unit; the pier collision avoidance unit is a fixed pier collision avoidance unit or a self-floating pier collision avoidance unit.

2. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 1, wherein: the first splicing plates which are spliced mutually at the left side and the right side are of a single plate structure or a three-section splicing structure or a five-section splicing structure; and adapting through a single plate structure or a three-section splicing structure or a five-section splicing structure according to the thickness of the anti-collision unit of the pier.

3. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a clamp, a base and a supporting rod; the base is provided with a support rod, the base is fixed on the side edge of the first splicing plate, and the support rod and the second splicing plate are parallel and arranged in a row; and the supporting rod is provided with a clamp which is vertically arranged on the second splicing plate.

4. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the alarm system comprises an alarm, a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a sheet pressure sensor, a signal processor and a micro storage battery; the alarm, the signal processor and the micro storage battery are arranged on the outer side wall of the second splicing plate; the sheet pressure sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the second splicing plate; the supporting rod is provided with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver; the laser transmitter, the laser receiver and the sheet pressure sensor are respectively connected with a signal receiving end of the signal processor; the signal output end of the signal processor is connected with the alarm; the miniature storage battery supplies power for the alarm, the laser transmitter, the laser receiver, the sheet pressure sensor and the signal processor.

5. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 4, wherein: the second splicing plate is provided with a plurality of reserved holes; and the lead of the sheet pressure sensor passes through the reserved hole and is connected with the signal processor.

6. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 1, wherein: the side edge of the first splicing plate is provided with a hole for the second splicing plate to penetrate through; the second splice plate is H-shaped; the middle part of the second splice plate is positioned in the holes which are penetrated through by the splice plates.

7. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the outer surfaces of the first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are provided with carbon fiber reinforced composite materials, and the outer surfaces of the carbon fiber reinforced composite materials are provided with epoxy resin glue; the first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are made of high-strength steel.

8. The bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to claim 4, wherein: the outer surface of the alarm in the alarm system is provided with epoxy resin glue.

9. The assembling method of the bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the assembling method comprises the following steps: the assembly method comprises the following steps:

firstly, according to the thickness of an anti-collision unit of a bridge pier, carrying out one-section type, three-section type or five-section type connection on a first splicing plate, and according to the height of the anti-collision unit of the bridge pier, carrying out multi-section connection on the first splicing plate;

inserting a second splice plate into the side edge hole of the first splice plate, fixing the support rod at the designated position of the first splice plate by using a base and a stud, and fixing a clamp on the support rod and clamping the support rod on the second splice plate;

step three, mounting a laser transmitter and a receiver on the supporting rod, and attaching a slice pressure sensor to the inner side of the second splice plate;

placing the first splicing plates into the pier collision avoidance units, and ensuring that the second splicing plates on two sides of the one-section, three-section or five-section first splicing plates are positioned on two sides of the pier collision avoidance units; and debugging and operating the alarm system.

10. The early warning method of the bridge pier collision avoidance unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the early warning steps are as follows

Step one, for an anti-collision unit on one side of any second splicing plate, a sheet pressure sensor measures the pressure stress of two splicing structures, wherein the pressure stress is sigma respectively₁And σ₂When the maximum extrusion stress sigma of the splicing structure is max { sigma ═ max [ sigma ]₁,σ₂}≥[σ]In time, the alarm sounds and emits a red light indicating that the splice structure has been damaged and needs to be replaced, where [ σ ]]Indicating structural allowable crush stress;

step two, the real-time deformation quantity delta L of any one anti-collision unit is measured by the light emitter and the receiver₀-L₁,

L₀And L₁The initial and real-time thicknesses of the pier anti-collision units are respectively, and then the real-time strain of the pier anti-collision units obtained by the signal processor is as follows:

when 0 is less than or equal to epsilon<ε_eWhen the alarm is not in response, the anti-collision unit works normally, epsilon_eIs the proof stress;

step three, based on the step two, in real-time strain, when epsilon_e≤ε<ε_pWhen the collision avoidance unit is in use, the alarm sounds and emits blue light, which indicates that the collision avoidance unit is to be used after maintenance_pIs plastic limit strain;

step four, based on step two, when epsilon is more than or equal to epsilon in real-time strain_pWhen it is time, the alarm sounds and emits a yellow light indicating that the collision avoidance unit has been damaged and needs to be replaced.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning and an assembling and early warning method. Belongs to the technical field of civil engineering and channel bridge protection.

Background

With the rapid development of the transportation industry, ships and air lines are more and more dense, the number of bridges across rivers and sea is increased year by year, and the probability of ship-bridge collision is greatly increased while the production and the life of people are promoted by the change. As two kinds of above-water structures, once a collision accident happens to a ship and a bridge, huge economic loss or casualties can be caused. Therefore, the anti-collision measures of the bridge are particularly important, one of the pre-fabricated assembled anti-collision units is adopted, and the splicing structure is a key index for measuring the working performance of the anti-collision unit, so that a great deal of attention is paid to people. Chinese patent CN207904832U discloses a splicing structure of a composite material bridge anti-collision device, which is convenient to disassemble and assemble but cannot resist corrosion of severe environments such as river water or sea water, chinese patent CN203307756U discloses a chain splicing type buffering energy-absorbing type bridge anti-collision device, the shell of the device is made of resin-based fiber reinforced composite material or high polymer plastic, the corrosion resistance is strong, but the above patent cannot monitor whether the working performance of the structure is normal in real time, and cannot automatically warn when the structure is damaged, and certain defects exist in engineering application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a splicing structure of anti-collision units of a bridge pier capable of automatically early warning and an assembling and early warning method, wherein an alarm system of the device can monitor the working performance of the splicing structure and the anti-collision units in real time and automatically early warn, thereby being beneficial to maintaining anti-collision facilities of the bridge pier and enhancing the safety of a bridge structure; the anti-collision unit is suitable for anti-collision units with different thicknesses and heights, and is waterproof, antirust, convenient to construct, wide in application range and good in durability.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning comprises a first splicing plate and a second splicing plate; the first splicing plates are a plurality of blocks; the first splicing plates are positioned between adjacent pier anti-collision units, and the pier anti-collision units are formed into a spliced structure by splicing the first splicing plates in an upper, lower, left and right manner;

the upper end edge of the first splicing plate is provided with a groove, the lower end edge of the first splicing plate is provided with a lug extending outwards, and the lug of the first splicing plate is embedded in the grooves of the first splicing plates adjacent up and down; the joint of the two first splicing plates which are adjacent up and down is connected through a connecting screw rod; the joints of the two first splicing plates adjacent to the left and the right are connected in a staggered manner through the studs; the second splicing plate is positioned at the side edge of the first splicing plate, is perpendicular to the first splicing plate and is positioned on the outer side wall of the pier collision avoidance unit; the second splicing plate is connected with the pier anti-collision unit through a stud; an alarm system is arranged on the second splicing plate;

the extension length of the first splicing plates spliced with each other at the left and right sides is matched with the thickness of the pier anti-collision unit; the pier collision avoidance unit is a fixed pier collision avoidance unit or a self-floating pier collision avoidance unit.

According to the bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning, the left splicing plate and the right splicing plate which are mutually spliced are of single plate structures or three-section splicing structures or five-section splicing structures; and adapting through a single plate structure or a three-section splicing structure or a five-section splicing structure according to the thickness of the anti-collision unit of the pier.

The bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning further comprises a clamp, a base and a supporting rod; the base is provided with a support rod, the base is fixed on the side edge of the first splicing plate, and the support rod and the second splicing plate are parallel and arranged in a row; and the supporting rod is provided with a clamp which is vertically arranged on the second splicing plate.

The invention relates to a splicing structure of pier anti-collision units capable of automatically early warning.A warning system comprises an alarm, a laser transmitter, a laser receiver, a sheet pressure sensor, a signal processor and a miniature storage battery; the alarm, the signal processor and the micro storage battery are arranged on the outer side wall of the second splicing plate; the sheet pressure sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the second splicing plate; the supporting rod is provided with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver; the laser transmitter, the laser receiver and the sheet pressure sensor are respectively connected with a signal receiving end of the signal processor; the signal output end of the signal processor is connected with the alarm; the miniature storage battery supplies power for the alarm, the laser transmitter, the laser receiver, the sheet pressure sensor and the signal processor.

According to the bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning, a plurality of reserved holes are formed in the second splicing plate; and the lead of the sheet pressure sensor passes through the reserved hole and is connected with the signal processor.

According to the bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning, the side edge of the first splicing plate is provided with a hole for the second splicing plate to penetrate through; the second splice plate is H-shaped; the middle part of the second splice plate is positioned in the holes which are penetrated through by the splice plates.

According to the splicing structure of the pier anti-collision unit capable of automatically early warning, disclosed by the invention, the outer surfaces of the first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are provided with carbon fiber reinforced composite materials, and the outer surface of each carbon fiber reinforced composite material is provided with epoxy resin glue; the first splicing plate and the second splicing plate are made of high-strength steel.

According to the splicing structure of the pier anti-collision unit capable of automatically early warning, epoxy resin glue is arranged on the outer surface of the alarm in the alarm system.

The invention discloses an assembly method of a bridge pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, according to the thickness of an anti-collision unit of a bridge pier, carrying out one-section type, three-section type or five-section type connection on a first splicing plate, and according to the height of the anti-collision unit of the bridge pier, carrying out multi-section connection on the first splicing plate;

inserting a second splice plate into the side edge hole of the first splice plate, fixing the support rod at the designated position of the first splice plate by using a base and a stud, and fixing a clamp on the support rod and clamping the support rod on the second splice plate;

step three, mounting a laser transmitter and a receiver on the supporting rod, and attaching a slice pressure sensor to the inner side of the second splice plate;

placing the first splicing plates into the pier collision avoidance units, and ensuring that the second splicing plates on two sides of the one-section, three-section or five-section first splicing plates are positioned on two sides of the pier collision avoidance units; and debugging and operating the alarm system.

The early warning method of the pier anti-collision unit splicing structure capable of automatically early warning comprises the following early warning steps

Step one, for an anti-collision unit on one side of any second splicing plate, a sheet pressure sensor measures the pressure stress of two splicing structures, wherein the pressure stress is sigma respectively₁And σ₂When the maximum extrusion stress sigma of the splicing structure is max{σ₁,σ₂}≥[σ]In time, the alarm sounds and emits a red light indicating that the splice structure has been damaged and needs to be replaced, where [ σ ]]Expressing the allowable extrusion stress of the structure, and expressing the maximum extrusion stress of the spliced structure by sigma;

step two, the real-time deformation quantity delta L of any one anti-collision unit is measured by the light emitter and the receiver₀-L₁,

L₀And L₁The initial and real-time thicknesses of the pier anti-collision units are respectively, and then the real-time strain of the pier anti-collision units obtained by the signal processor is as follows:

when 0 is less than or equal to epsilon<ε_eWhen the alarm is not in response, the anti-collision unit works normally, epsilon_eIs the proof stress;

step three, based on the step two, in real-time strain, when epsilon_e≤ε<ε_pWhen the collision avoidance unit is in use, the alarm sounds and emits blue light, which indicates that the collision avoidance unit is to be used after maintenance_pIs plastic limit strain;

step four, based on step two, when epsilon is more than or equal to epsilon in real-time strain_pWhen it is time, the alarm sounds and emits a yellow light indicating that the collision avoidance unit has been damaged and needs to be replaced.

Advantageous effects

The invention can monitor the working performance of the splicing structure and the anti-collision unit in real time and automatically early warn, and is beneficial to maintaining anti-collision facilities of piers and enhancing the safety of bridge structures.

The first splicing plate is adjusted, so that the anti-collision device can be used for pier anti-collision units with different thicknesses and heights, can replace any damaged anti-collision body, and is convenient to construct and wide in application range.

The outer surface of the part is coated with carbon fiber reinforced Composite (CFRP) and epoxy resin adhesive, so that the part is rust-proof, waterproof and good in durability, and the shock resistance of the splicing structure and the anti-collision unit is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a splicing unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a second splice bar construction of the present invention;

FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of a three-segment connection of a first splice plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of a fifth segment connection of the first splice plate of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a flowchart of the operation of the warning system of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-pier collision avoidance unit, 2-first splicing plate, 3-second splicing plate, 4-connecting screw rod, 5-stud, 6-alarm, 7-laser transmitter, 8-laser receiver, 9-clamp, 10-base, 11-support rod, 12-reserved hole, 13-signal processor, 14-micro storage battery, 15-slice pressure sensor and 16-stud cap.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1: the utility model provides a but pier anticollision unit mosaic structure of automatic early warning, this mosaic structure includes splicing system and alarm system. The splicing system comprises a first splicing plate 2, a second splicing plate 3, connecting screws 4 and studs 5, wherein the second splicing plate 3 is inserted into the first splicing plate 2 and is fixed by a clamp 9 to form splicing units, the connecting screws 4 are arranged among the splicing units for fixing, and the anti-collision units are connected by the studs 5 on the splicing units; the alarm system comprises an alarm 6, a laser transmitter 7, a laser receiver 8, a sheet pressure sensor 15, a signal processor 13 and a miniature storage battery 14, wherein all the components are connected through a conducting wire, the alarm 6, the signal processor 13 and the miniature storage battery 14 are arranged on the outer surface of the second splicing plate 3, the sheet pressure sensor 15 is arranged on the inner surface of the second splicing plate 3, the laser transmitter 7 and the receiver 8 are arranged on the upper edge of the end part of the supporting rod 11, and the supporting rod 11 is connected with the base 10 and fixed on the first splicing plate 2 through a stud 5.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3: first splice plate 2 and second splice plate 3 are made by high strength steel, and its surface all is scribbled carbon fiber reinforced Composite (CFRP) and epoxy glue (alarm 6 only scribbles epoxy glue), and the 3 symmetries of second splice plate insert first splice plate 2 both sides (be edgemost both sides when connecting along the thickness multistage) to squeeze into toggle 5 to the 1 positive and negative of pier anticollision unit and realize effective connection. One end of a support rod 11 is fixed on the first splicing plate 2 through a base 10 and a stud 5, the upper edge of the other end of the support rod is provided with a laser emitter 7 and a receiver 8, and after a clamp 9 reaches the designated position of the second splicing plate 3, the stud 5 is screwed to fix the support rod 11.

As shown in fig. 4: the alarm 6, the signal processor 13 and the micro storage battery 14 are connected with the sheet pressure sensor 15 through the reserved hole 12 by leads to form a spliced structure pressure stress working circuit.

As shown in fig. 5a and 5 b: the first splicing plate 2 is connected with three sections and five sections through the studs 5, so that the use requirements of the anti-collision units 1 with different thicknesses can be met; the first splicing plate 2 with the determined width adopts the connecting screw rod 4 to fix a plurality of blocks, so that the use requirements of the anti-collision units 1 with different heights can be met.

As shown in fig. 6: the miniature storage battery 14, the laser transmitter 7, the laser receiver 8, the signal processor 13 and the alarm 6 form a pressure strain working circuit of the anti-collision unit 1, and the alarm 6 can display blue and yellow status indicator lights when in work; the miniature storage battery 14, the sheet pressure sensor 15, the signal processor 13 and the alarm 6 form a spliced structure pressure stress working circuit, and the alarm 6 can display red state indicator light during working.

As shown in fig. 7: for any collision avoidance unit 1 on one side of the second splice plate 3, the sheet pressure sensor 15 measures the stress of the two splice structuresForce, respectively, is σ₁And σ₂When σ ═ max { σ [ ]₁,σ₂}≥[σ](the splice structure is pressure tolerant), the alarm 6 sounds and emits a red light indicating that the splice structure has been damaged and needs to be replaced. The laser transmitter 7 and the receiver 8 measure the real-time deformation quantity DeltaL ═ L of any one collision avoidance unit 1₀-L₁,L₀And L₁The initial and real-time thickness of the collision cell 1, respectively, and the real-time strain of the collision cell 1 is derived by the signal processor 13When 0 is less than or equal to epsilon<ε_eWhen the collision avoidance system is in use, the alarm 6 does not respond, and the collision avoidance unit 1 works normally; when epsilon_e≤ε<ε_pWhen the collision avoidance unit 1 needs to be maintained, the alarm 6 sounds and emits blue light, which indicates that the collision avoidance unit 1 needs to be maintained; when epsilon is more than or equal to epsilon_pWhen so, the alarm 6 sounds and emits yellow light, indicating that the collision avoidance unit 1 is damaged and needs to be replaced; epsilon_eIs an elastic limit strain,. epsilon_pIs plastic limit strain.

The invention can monitor the working performance of the splicing structure and the anti-collision unit in real time and automatically early warn, and is beneficial to maintaining anti-collision facilities of piers and enhancing the safety of bridge structures; the anti-collision device is suitable for anti-collision units with different thicknesses and heights, can replace any damaged anti-collision body, and is convenient to construct and wide in application range; it can also be waterproof, antirust and durable

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.