阅读说明：本技术 一种新型椎弓根螺钉及其植入方法 (Novel pedicle screw and implantation method thereof ) 是由 史春宝 李喜旺 李禹辰 卢东胜 闫春 王建超 张金锁 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种新型椎弓根螺钉及其植入方法,包括钉体,所述钉体的钉尖处围绕钉体轴线布置有至少两个切削齿；所述钉体外部设有螺纹,螺纹设计沿钉体长度方向分为两段,靠近钉尖部分的螺纹为双线螺纹；远离钉尖部分的螺纹为四线螺纹；所述切削齿数量设为两个,两所述切削齿的切削刃分别与双线螺纹的旋向相切；所述钉体内部中空设置,钉体端部均与其内部相连通；所述钉体上径向贯穿开设有弥散孔。本申请的新型椎弓根螺钉及其植入方法通过在钉尖处设置切削齿,使螺钉在拧入的过程中具有良好的切削能力,减短螺钉植入时间,降低手术风险。(The application discloses a novel pedicle screw and an implanting method thereof, wherein the pedicle screw comprises a screw body, wherein at least two cutting teeth are arranged at the screw tip of the screw body around the axis of the screw body; the screw thread is arranged outside the screw body, the screw thread is divided into two sections along the length direction of the screw body, and the screw thread close to the nail tip part is a double-thread; the thread far away from the nail tip part is a four-line thread; the number of the cutting teeth is two, and cutting edges of the two cutting teeth are tangent to the rotation direction of the double-thread; the nail body is hollow, and the end parts of the nail body are communicated with the inside of the nail body; the nail body is radially provided with scattered holes in a penetrating way. According to the novel pedicle screw and the implantation method thereof, the cutting teeth are arranged at the screw tip, so that the screw has good cutting capacity in the screwing-in process, the screw implantation time is shortened, and the operation risk is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a novel pedicle screw, includes the nail body (1), its characterized in that: the nail point of the nail body (1) is provided with at least two cutting teeth (2) around the axis of the nail body (1).

2. A novel pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the external part of the nail body (1) is provided with threads, the thread design is divided into two sections along the length direction of the nail body (1), and the threads close to the nail tip part are double threads (3).

3. A novel pedicle screw as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the thread far away from the nail tip part is a four-line thread (4).

4. A novel pedicle screw as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the number of the cutting teeth (2) is two, and cutting edges of the two cutting teeth (2) are tangent to the rotation direction of the double-thread (3).

5. A novel pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the nail body (1) is hollow, and the end part of the nail body (1) is communicated with the inside of the nail body.

6. A novel pedicle screw as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the nail body (1) is radially provided with dispersion holes (5) in a penetrating way.

7. A novel pedicle screw implantation method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

obtaining implantation coordinates, and positioning the screw to the coordinates;

driving the screw to work, and drilling and cutting the pedicle of vertebral arch by the cutting teeth (2) to obtain a tapping hole channel;

the screw main body is positioned in the tapping pore canal, and the front half section of the screw main body is meshed with cancellous bone, and the rear half section of the screw main body is meshed with cortical bone;

and injecting bone cement into the vertebral pedicle from the screw, and finishing the implantation of the screw after solidification.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of surgical medical instruments, in particular to a novel pedicle screw and an implanting method thereof.

Background

The vertebral pedicle is a part of the vertebral arch, is short and thick at the upper back part of a vertebral body, protrudes backwards from the direction vertical to the vertebral body, is arc-shaped in appearance, is fused with the vertebral body, articular process and vertebral plate, and is a component part for forming intervertebral foramen. The pedicle of a vertebral arch is also the strongest bony structure connecting the vertebral body and the vertebral plate, and the screw fixation through the pedicle of a vertebral arch can provide a reliable mechanical basis for reconstructing the stability of the vertebral column.

The existing pedicle screw comprises a screw cap, a screw body and a compression washer, wherein the screw body penetrates through the screw cap and is limited and fixed through the compression washer, and the screw body can realize certain rotation and swing effects in the screw cap. The nail tip of the nail body is mainly divided into a common nail tip and a self-tapping nail tip, the common nail tip can refer to fig. 1, the screw cannot be directly screwed into the pedicle of vertebral arch in an operation, and other instruments (such as an opening cone and a screw tap) are required to be used for drilling and tapping the pedicle of vertebral arch, so that the operation is complicated and high risk exists.

The self-tapping screw tip can be seen from figure 2, and the screw is mainly characterized in that a groove is formed in the side surface of the screw tip, and holes are drilled in the vertebral pedicle by utilizing the groove to ensure that the screw is normally screwed into the vertebral pedicle without other tools. Because the outside of pedicle of vertebral arch is the cortical bone, and inside is cancellous bone, the cortical bone is comparatively hard, and cancellous bone is then comparatively soft. However, only one groove surface of the self-tapping screw tip is used for processing the vertebral pedicle, and the processing capacity of the vertebral pedicle is weak.

Disclosure of Invention

The novel pedicle screw and the implantation method thereof are characterized in that the cutting teeth are arranged at the tip of the screw, so that the screw has good cutting capacity in the screwing process, the implantation time of the screw is shortened, and the operation risk is reduced.

The above object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a novel pedicle screw comprises a screw body, wherein at least two cutting teeth are arranged at the screw tip of the screw body around the axis of the screw body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the screw has good cutting capacity in the screwing process due to the arrangement of the cutting teeth, the drilling and tapping treatment can be carried out on the vertebral pedicle more quickly, the use of vertebral pedicle treatment instruments in the operation is omitted, the operation steps are reduced, and the danger of corresponding operation is reduced.

The application is further configured to: the external part of the nail body is provided with threads, the threads are divided into two sections along the length direction of the nail body, and the threads close to the nail tip part are double threads.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the tooth of double-thread is sparser, can snatch more cancellous bone volume, and double-thread can provide twice pitch for the screw moreover, makes the screw implantation time shorten half, and then reduces operation time.

The application is further configured to: the thread far away from the nail tip part is a four-line thread.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the tooth of four-wire thread is denser, can improve nail body self hardness on the one hand, and on the other hand can guarantee more interlock of screw and cortex bone, and increase withdrawal resistance is more firm when fixed with the cortex bone.

The application is further configured to: the number of the cutting teeth is two, and cutting edges of the two cutting teeth are tangent to the rotation direction of the double-thread.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cutting edge is tangent to the rotation direction of the double-thread, so that the cutting edge and the teeth of the double-thread are in smooth transition, the cutting teeth can more stably carry out drilling and tapping treatment on the pedicle of vertebral arch in the screwing process, and the risk of screw implantation operation is reduced.

The application is further configured to: the nail body is hollow, and the end part of the nail body is communicated with the inside of the nail body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the screw can be used for minimally invasive surgery and open surgery. When the screw is used for minimally invasive surgery, bone cement can be injected into bone tissues from the nail head through a high-pressure injector, and after the solidification process is finished, the nail body and the bone of the part to be fixed are firmly combined together, so that the reinforcement effect is realized; experiments prove that the extraction strength of the pedicle screw can be increased by 49-162 percent after the pedicle screw is fixed by bone cement, and the extraction strength can completely reach or even greatly exceed the original fixing strength; this application nail body outer peripheral face second half section four-wire thread's design effectively improves the joint strength of screw and cortex bone with the bone cement cooperation, has reduced the possibility that the postoperative screw is deviate from the pedicle of vertebral arch.

The application is further configured to: the nail body is radially provided with scattered holes in a penetrating way.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, radially run through at the first half section of nail body outer peripheral face and seted up a plurality of diffuse holes, diffuse the hole and can make bone cement evenly inject the centrum effectively and prevent that bone cement from flowing back to the pedicle of vertebral arch.

The second purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme:

a novel pedicle screw implantation method comprises the following steps:

obtaining implantation coordinates, and positioning the screw to the coordinates;

driving the screw to work, and drilling and cutting the pedicle of vertebral arch by the cutting teeth to obtain a tapping hole channel;

the screw main body is positioned in the tapping pore canal, and the front half section of the screw main body is meshed with cancellous bone, and the rear half section of the screw main body is meshed with cortical bone;

and injecting bone cement into the vertebral pedicle from the screw, and finishing the implantation of the screw after solidification.

In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: this novel pedicle screw mainly handles the screw nail point, makes the screw nail point have dentate structure, has directly reduced drilling, tapping apparatus's use at the operation in-process, has just also correspondingly reduced the operating procedure of operation to reduce the operation time, reduce the operation risk.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional nail tip;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conventional self-tapping nail tip;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the short nail structure of the novel pedicle screw of the present application;

fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a long nail of the novel pedicle screw of the application.

In the figure, 1, a nail body; 11. a nail head; 2. cutting teeth; 3. double-thread screw threads; 4. four-thread; 5. the pores are dispersed.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

The utility model provides a novel pedicle of vertebral arch screw, includes the nail body 1 and the head of a nail, and the nail body 1 passes the head of a nail, and can realize certain rotation and swing in the head of a nail, and the nail body 1 is spacing fixed through the pressure washer. As shown in fig. 3, the two ends of the nail body 1 are respectively provided with a nail tip and a nail head 11, and the nail body 1 is matched with the nail head through the nail head 11.

The nail point of the nail body 1 and the axis center of the nail body 1 are symmetrically provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 2, the cutting edges of the cutting teeth 2 are distributed towards the direction far away from the nail point, and a gap is reserved between the adjacent cutting teeth 2, so that the cutting edges of the adjacent cutting teeth 2 and the tooth body form a slotting structure of a self-tapping nail point, and the nail body 1 has the drilling and tapping capacity for the vertebral pedicle. The arrangement of the cutting teeth 2 enables the screw to have good cutting capability in the screwing process, can more quickly perform drilling and tapping treatment on the pedicle of vertebral arch, saves the use of pedicle of vertebral arch treatment instruments in the operation, reduces the operation steps of the operation, and also reduces the danger of the corresponding operation.

The outer peripheral surface of the nail body 1 is provided with threads, the threads are divided into two sections along the length direction of the nail body 1, and the part close to the nail tip is a front half section and is a double-thread 3; the portion near the head 11 is set as the second half, as the four-start thread 4, and the pitch of the two-start thread 3 is larger than that of the four-start thread 4.

The double-thread 3 has more sparse teeth and can grab more cancellous bone, and the double-thread 3 can provide twice thread pitch for the screw, so that the implantation time of the screw is shortened by half, and the operation time is shortened; the four-thread 4 has dense teeth, so that the hardness of the nail body 1 can be improved, more occlusion between the screw and the cortical bone can be ensured, the pulling resistance is improved, and the nail is more firm to fix with the cortical bone.

In the embodiment, the number of the cutting teeth 2 is 2, the cutting edges of the two cutting teeth 2 are tangent to the rotation direction of the double-line thread 3 at the front half section respectively, so that the cutting edges and the double-line thread 3 are in smooth transition, the cutting teeth 2 can more stably carry out drilling and tapping treatment on the pedicle of vertebral arch in the screwing process, and the risk of screw implantation operation is reduced.

Furthermore, the interior of the nail body 1 is hollow, and both the nail tip and the nail head 11 of the nail body 1 are communicated with the interior of the nail body 1; the screw can be used for minimally invasive surgery and also can be used for open surgery. One side of each cutting tooth 2 towards the axis of the nail body 1 is abducted, so that an interval is reserved between the cutting teeth 2, and the blocking of a communication port at the end part of the nail body 1 is avoided.

When the screw is used for minimally invasive surgery, bone cement can be injected into bone tissues from the nail head 11 through a high-pressure injector, and the nail body 1 and the bone of a part to be fixed are firmly combined together after the solidification process is finished, so that the reinforcement effect is realized; experiments prove that the extraction strength of the pedicle screw can be increased by 49-162 percent after the pedicle screw is fixed by bone cement, and the extraction strength can completely reach or even greatly exceed the original fixing strength; this application nail body 1 outer peripheral face second half section four-wire thread 4's design effectively improves the joint strength of screw and cortex bone with the cooperation of bone cement, has reduced the possibility that the postoperative screw is deviate from the pedicle of vertebral arch.

A plurality of dispersion holes 5 are radially arranged in a penetrating manner on the front half section of the outer peripheral surface of the nail body 1, the dispersion holes 5 are uniformly arranged between the screw spaces of the double-thread threads 3, and the dispersion holes 5 can effectively and uniformly inject bone cement into a vertebral body and prevent the bone cement from flowing back to the vertebral pedicle. The number of the 5 scattered holes is generally determined according to the pattern of the pedicle screws, and as shown in fig. 3, the number of the 5 scattered holes is three when the pedicle screws are short screws; as shown in fig. 4, when the pedicle screw is a long screw, the number of the diffuse holes 5 is six.

The novel pedicle screw implanting method comprises the following steps of firstly positioning a spinal pedicle implanting position by using an external device to obtain implanting coordinates, and then positioning the pedicle screw to the implanting coordinates; then, driving the pedicle screw to rotate and feed by using a tool, and drilling and cutting the pedicle by the cutting teeth 2 to form a tapping hole channel on the pedicle; the nail body 1 of the pedicle screw is drilled into a tapping hole, the double-line thread 3 of the front half section of the pedicle screw is meshed with cancellous bone, and the four-line thread 4 of the rear half section of the pedicle screw is meshed with cortical bone, so that the initial fixation of the nail body 1 is realized; and finally, injecting bone cement into the vertebral pedicle through the nail body 1, and completing the implantation of the vertebral pedicle screw after the bone cement is solidified.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.