阅读说明：本技术 一种基于地沟油的蜡及其制备方法 (Illegal cooking oil-based wax and preparation method thereof ) 是由 吴强 陈硕平 杨洁 王东岳 康潇予 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于地沟油的蜡及其制备方法。所述地沟油基蜡在室温下为接近白色的蜡状固体,在空气和日光下能保持性状稳定,无地沟油特有的酸败油脂或煎炸油脂等异味,无有毒有害成分,具有较高的熔点和硬度,较浅的色泽以及较好的光安定性,其制备方法为：将地沟油经过环氧化获得环氧地沟油,而后加入硬脂酸共熔,混合形成均相后,冷却注模获得。该蜡能够替代市场上的半精炼石蜡,用于制备蜡烛、蜡笔、蜡纸、打光用蜡等产品。与其他市场上的半精炼石蜡相比,本发明的基于地沟油的蜡材料具有价格低廉,绿色环保的特点,且可以有效回收利用地沟油,具有较好的经济意义和社会价值。(The invention discloses a wax based on illegal cooking oil and a preparation method thereof. The illegal cooking oil-based wax is a white waxy solid at room temperature, can keep stable properties in air and sunlight, has no peculiar smell of illegal cooking oil such as rancid grease or frying grease and the like, has no toxic and harmful components, has higher melting point and hardness, lighter color and better light stability, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: epoxidizing the illegal cooking oil to obtain epoxy illegal cooking oil, adding stearic acid for co-melting, mixing to form a homogeneous phase, and cooling and injecting to obtain the epoxy illegal cooking oil. The wax can replace semi-refined paraffin wax on the market, and can be used for preparing products such as candles, crayons, wax paper, polishing wax and the like. Compared with semi-refined paraffin in other markets, the illegal cooking oil-based wax material has the characteristics of low price and environmental friendliness, can effectively recycle illegal cooking oil, and has better economic significance and social value.)

1. The wax based on the illegal cooking oil is characterized by comprising the following substances in percentage by weight: 25-75% of epoxy illegal cooking oil by mass; the fatty acid accounts for 25-75% of the total mass.

2. A gutter oil based wax as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the environment-friendly high-temperature-resistant floor drain oil is a white waxy solid at room temperature, can keep stable properties under air and sunlight, has no peculiar smell of rancid oil or frying oil and the like peculiar to illegal cooking oil, has no toxic and harmful components, has higher melting point and hardness, lighter color and better light stability, has the melting point range of 38-54 ℃, the penetration degree of 58-21, the Saybolt color number of more than 8 and the light stability number of no more than 6.

3. The method for preparing a gutter oil-based wax according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the specific steps of: mixing epoxy illegal cooking oil and fatty acid in a mass ratio of (25-75) to (25-75), heating and melting at 70-90 ℃, mixing and stirring for 5-20 minutes to form a homogeneous phase, and performing injection molding and cooling molding to obtain a illegal cooking oil-based wax material;

the epoxy value of the epoxy gutter oil is not more than 2, and the epoxy gutter oil is a light yellow solid at the temperature of not more than 30 ℃;

the fatty acid is one or more of stearic acid and palmitic acid;

the epoxy illegal cooking oil is synthesized from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of illegal cooking oil; 150-180 parts of glacial acetic acid; 500-700 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution; 3-6 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid; 3-6 parts of urea, wherein the synthetic process of the epoxy illegal cooking oil is as follows:

mixing glacial acetic acid, 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, concentrated sulfuric acid and urea, placing in a 35-45 ℃ oven in a dark place for reacting for 12-24 hours to obtain an epoxidation reagent, adding semi-solid waste oil into a reaction kettle, heating to 35-45 ℃ for dissolving, then slowly dropwise adding the prepared epoxidation reagent into the reaction kettle by using a constant-pressure funnel, after dropwise adding, raising the temperature to 65-75 ℃, stirring at constant temperature for reacting for 2-4 hours, after the reaction is finished, standing for 4-24 hours until an oil water layer is obviously separated, removing a lower water layer, washing an oil layer for 1 time by using 5% sodium bicarbonate solution, washing the oil layer for 2 times by using 70 ℃ deionized water, then collecting the oil layer, performing rotary evaporation for 1-2 hours at 65-75 ℃ by using a vacuum rotary evaporator, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a light yellow solid, namely the epoxy waste oil.

4. A process as claimed in claim 3 wherein the used illegal cooking oil is one or a combination of more than one of the following oils: oily floating materials in a sewer or oil extracted from swill of catering enterprises through simple processing; oil bottoms of catering units or food processing enterprises after multiple cooking operations; waste oil eliminated after frying and roasting food materials; waste oil in the oil collector of the resident range hood.

5. A process for the preparation of a illegal cooking oil based wax according to any of claims 3-4, characterized in that the illegal cooking oil used is: the iodine value of the illegal cooking oil raw material is required to be below 50, if the iodine value of the illegal cooking oil exceeds the value, the raw material oil needs to be centrifuged on a centrifuge at the rotating speed of 6000-10000 rpm for 3-5 minutes, after cooling, the illegal cooking oil is separated into solid oil bottom and liquid supernatant oil at room temperature, the supernatant oil is separated from the oil bottom by a pouring method, and the oil bottom is taken for iodine value detection until the iodine value is qualified, so that subsequent preparation can be carried out.

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention particularly relates to a wax based on illegal cooking oil and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of illegal cooking oil recycling and applied chemistry.

[ background of the invention ]

The illegal cooking oil is a general name of various inferior waste oil, has low nutritive value, contains various components harmful to human bodies, such as phenols, ketones, free fatty acid, fatty acid polymers, aflatoxin and the like, and cannot be eaten. If the illegal cooking oil is not recycled, precious natural resources are wasted, secondary pollution is caused to natural environments such as water bodies, or the illegal cooking oil flows into dining tables again after being processed and refined by lawbreakers, and great threat is caused to the health of people. Currently, the recycling of the illegal cooking oil in China mainly comprises the following ways: (1) after the swill-cooked dirty oil is pretreated, the processes of saponification, salting out, washing, drying and shaping are carried out to produce soap and washing powder (Liangxianghui, Yi Ping river, Zhao Ling and Wang Yao. research on producing phosphate-free washing powder by swill-cooked dirty oil [ J ]. Guangdong chemical industry, 2005,9: 5-8; Wei Zhengyan, Shang Xuling, waste cooking oil and orange peel soap [ J ]. New institute of academy of sciences: Nature's edition, 2010,4: 49-50); (2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out transesterification reaction on drainage oil and methanol and the like under the action of a proper catalyst to prepare Biodiesel fuel (jowar, ginger flower, royal qian, Zhao comma. response surface method optimizes the research on preparing Biodiesel from waste cooking oil [ J ]. Chinese grease, 2013,38: 59-63; M.Farooq, A.ramli, A.Naeam, Biodiesel production from FFA water cooking oil using heterologous aqueous analysis derived from chip bones [ J ]. Renewable Energy,2015,76:362 and 368); (3) the illegal cooking oil is hydrolyzed and refined under proper conditions to obtain chemical products such as stearic acid, oleic acid, glycerol and the like, or further produce surfactants or intermediates such as fatty acid amide and the like (Gutao, Lei bud, Wanhui, He Dong Ping, research on preparation of stearic acid and oleic acid by waste cooking oil [ J ]. food science and technology, 2009,34: 109-. (4) The ester exchange reaction of the swill-cooked dirty oil and proper organic acid is carried out to produce aldehyde acid resin (beam construction new, Xujiayan, beam good, Xishang industry, Li Chong, Wan Weixi, Yuan Ai Yuan. (5) The illegal cooking oil is subjected to epoxidation, ester exchange and other steps to prepare plastic plasticizer such as Wu Jinjing, Zhang Yan and Lijie. Although all of the approaches can recycle the illegal cooking oil, the approaches have certain disadvantages: for example, the added value of the product is too low, but the production equipment is complex, the technical difficulty of the process is higher, the pretreatment step of the illegal cooking oil is complicated, and the like. These disadvantages have all the way to prevent the large-scale industrial recycling of the illegal cooking oil. Therefore, it is necessary to further search for a new way of recycling waste oil.

The paraffin is a hydrocarbon mixture with 18-30 carbon atoms, the main component is straight-chain paraffin, a small amount of paraffin with individual branched chains and monocyclic cycloalkane with long side chains, the paraffin, especially fully refined paraffin and semi-refined paraffin, has wide application range, and is mainly used as a component and a packaging material of food, oral medicines and certain commodities (such as wax paper, crayons, candles and copy paper), and a coating material of a baking container, and is used for fruit preservation, electrical appliance element insulation, rubber aging resistance improvement, flexibility increase and the like. The main component of the illegal cooking oil is triglyceride which can be dissolved with petroleum wax, but the illegal cooking oil contains too many impurities and toxic and harmful substances, has darker color, low melting point and poor light stability, is liquid or semisolid at room temperature, can not be directly used as an additive of wax or paraffin,

[ summary of the invention ]

In order to solve the problems in the prior art and invent a novel illegal cooking oil-based material, the invention provides an illegal cooking oil-based wax and a synthesis method thereof, which can obtain the illegal cooking oil-based wax with higher melting point, higher hardness, lighter color and luster and good light stability, and the wax can replace common paraffin wax and be used as candle, crayon, wax paper and polishing wax.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a illegal cooking oil-based wax comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

25 to 75 percent of epoxy gutter oil

25 to 75 percent of fatty acid

And heating and melting the epoxy illegal cooking oil and the fatty acid in the ratio at 70-90 ℃, mixing and stirring for 5-20 minutes to form a homogeneous phase, and performing injection molding, cooling and molding to obtain the illegal cooking oil-based wax material.

The epoxy value of the epoxy gutter oil is not more than 2, and the epoxy gutter oil is a light yellow solid at the temperature of not more than 30 ℃.

The fatty acid is one or more of stearic acid and palmitic acid. The fatty acid is preferably stearic acid.

The epoxy illegal cooking oil is synthesized from the following raw materials in parts by mass:

the synthesis process of the epoxy illegal cooking oil is as follows:

mixing the glacial acetic acid, 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, concentrated sulfuric acid and urea, and placing the mixture in an oven at 35-45 ℃ in a dark place for reacting for 12-24 hours to obtain the epoxidation reagent. Adding the semi-solid waste oil into a reaction kettle, heating to 35-45 ℃ to dissolve the semi-solid waste oil, and then slowly dripping the prepared epoxidation reagent into the reaction kettle by using a constant pressure funnel. After the dropwise addition, the temperature is raised to 65-75 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 2-4 hours under constant temperature stirring. And after the reaction is finished, standing for 4-24 hours until an oil-water layer is separated obviously, removing a lower water layer, washing the oil layer for 1 time by using a 5% sodium bicarbonate solution, and washing the oil layer for 2 times by using deionized water at the temperature of 70 ℃. And collecting an oil layer, carrying out rotary evaporation for 1-2 hours at 65-75 ℃ by using a vacuum rotary evaporator, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a light yellow solid, namely the epoxy illegal cooking oil.

The used illegal cooking oil can be one or the combination of more than one of the following grease: oily floating materials in a sewer or oil extracted from swill of catering enterprises through simple processing; oil bottoms of catering units or food processing enterprises after multiple cooking operations; waste oil eliminated after frying and roasting food materials; waste oil in the oil collector of the resident range hood. Preferably waste oil eliminated after the food materials are fried and roasted by catering units or food processing enterprises. The iodine value of the used illegal cooking oil raw material is required to be below 50. If the iodine value of the illegal cooking oil exceeds the value, the raw material oil needs to be centrifuged on a centrifuge at the rotating speed of 6000-10000 rpm for 3-5 minutes, after cooling, the illegal cooking oil is separated into solid oil bottom and liquid supernatant oil at room temperature, the supernatant oil is separated from the oil bottom by a pouring method, and the oil bottom is taken for iodine value detection until the iodine value is qualified, so that the subsequent preparation can be carried out.

The wax based on the illegal cooking oil is a nearly white waxy solid at room temperature, can keep stable in properties under air and sunlight, has no peculiar smell of rancid grease or frying grease and the like which are peculiar to the illegal cooking oil, has no toxic and harmful components, has higher melting point and hardness, lighter color and better light stability, has the melting point range of 38-54 ℃, the penetration degree of 58-21, the Saybolt color number of more than 8 and the light stability number of no more than 6.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the illegal cooking oil-based wax is prepared by firstly oxidizing illegal cooking oil to remove harmful ingredients and impurities, and simultaneously removing color and odor of the illegal cooking oil, so that safe and nontoxic epoxy illegal cooking oil with light color and good light stability is obtained, and then fatty acid is added to improve the melting point and the hardness, so that the illegal cooking oil-based wax with higher melting point and hardness, light color, good light stability and low cost is obtained.

The wax can replace semi-refined paraffin wax on the market, and can be used for preparing products such as candles, crayons, wax paper, polishing wax and the like. Compared with semi-refined paraffin in other markets, the illegal cooking oil-based wax material has the characteristics of low price and environmental friendliness, can effectively recycle illegal cooking oil, and has better economic significance and social value.

Detailed Description

The invention is illustrated below by way of specific examples: