阅读说明：本技术 一种电动装载机用无级变速器 (Continuously variable transmission for electric loader ) 是由 崔国敏 张卫东 刘艳芳 卢凤臣 乔征 曹健榕 李治江 于 2020-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电动装载机用无级变速器,主要包括电机、行星差动轮系、高速档离合器和低速档离合器及变速器输出组件；所述行星差动轮系包括齿圈、行星轮、行星架、第一电机输出太阳轮、行星架主动齿轮和行星架从动齿轮；所述第一电机连接第一电机输出太阳轮；第二电机与第二电机主动齿轮连接；所述第二电机主动齿轮与第二电机从动齿轮啮合；电动装载机用无级变速器在作业及行走时,通过控制第一电机与第二电机来实现前进、后退的变换和速度的无级控制,能够实现连续无级变速,获得良好的起步性能。根据工作状况的变化,可以充分发挥电机的性能,具有连续无级变速、结构简单、工作可靠等优点。(The invention discloses a continuously variable transmission for an electric loader, which mainly comprises a motor, a planetary differential gear train, a high-speed clutch, a low-speed clutch and a transmission output assembly, wherein the motor is connected with the planetary differential gear train; the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier, a first motor output sun gear, a planetary carrier driving gear and a planetary carrier driven gear; the first motor is connected with a first motor output sun gear; the second motor is connected with a driving gear of the second motor; the second motor driving gear is meshed with the second motor driven gear; when the continuously variable transmission for the electric loader is in operation and walking, the first motor and the second motor are controlled to realize the conversion of forward movement and backward movement and the stepless control of speed, so that the continuous stepless speed change can be realized, and good starting performance can be obtained. According to the change of working condition, the performance of the motor can be fully exerted, and the motor has the advantages of continuous stepless speed change, simple structure, reliable work and the like.)

1. A continuously variable transmission for an electric loader is characterized in that: the planetary differential gear train transmission mainly comprises a motor, a planetary differential gear train, a high-speed clutch (15), a low-speed clutch (16) and a transmission output assembly; the number of the motors is two, and the two motors are respectively a first motor (1) and a second motor (2); the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring (5), a planetary gear (6), a planet carrier (7), a first motor output sun gear (8), a planet carrier driving gear (9) and a planet carrier driven gear (10); the first motor is connected with a first motor output sun gear (8); the second motor (2) is connected with the second motor driving gear (3); the second motor driving gear (3) is meshed with the second motor driven gear (4); the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring (5), a planetary gear (6), a planetary carrier (7) and a first motor output sun gear (8); the clutch comprises a high-speed clutch (15) and a low-speed clutch (16), wherein the high-speed clutch (15) comprises a high-speed driving gear (11) and a high-speed driven gear (12); the low-gear clutch (16) comprises a low-gear driving gear (13) and a low-gear driven gear (14); the transmission output assembly comprises an output driving gear (17), an output driven gear (18), an output shaft (20) and a vehicle speed sensor (19);

the gear ring (5) of the planetary differential gear train is fixedly connected with the driven gear (4) of the second motor; the planet gear (6) is meshed with the gear ring (5) and the first motor output sun gear (8), and the planet carrier (7) is connected with the planet carrier driving gear (9); the planet carrier driving gear (9) is meshed with the planet carrier driven gear (10), and the planet carrier driven gear (10), the high-speed driving gear (11) and the low-speed driving gear (13) are arranged on the same shaft; the high-speed clutch (15) and the low-speed clutch (16) are arranged on the same shaft; an output driven gear (18) and a vehicle speed sensor (19) are mounted on the output shaft (20).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of design of transmissions of electric loaders, and particularly relates to a continuously variable transmission for an electric loader.

Background

The transmission is the most important transmission component on the loader power transmission system. The performance of the transmission directly determines the performance and the working efficiency of the loader and determines the gear shifting smoothness and comfort of the loader. According to the relevant policy of the country, the pure electric drive is the development direction of special vehicles such as future loaders and the like.

The loaders which are produced and used in large quantities at present use the internal combustion engine to do work, and the transmission type is a hydraulic mechanical type. The hydromechanical transmission for the loader mainly comprises a hydraulic torque converter and a power gear shifting transmission. The main disadvantages of this transmission type transmission are: (1) the gears are few, and the transmission efficiency is low; (2) the gear shifting mode is manual hydraulic gear shifting, and the operation is inconvenient; (3) the structure is complex and the failure is easy to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a continuously variable transmission driven by two motors, which can achieve the purposes of simple structure, convenient operation and high transmission efficiency.

The invention is realized by the following steps: a kind of electric loader uses the variable speed unit, mainly include the electrical machinery, planetary differential gear train, high-speed clutch (15) and low-speed clutch (16) and speed unit output assembly; the number of the motors is two, and the two motors are respectively a first motor (1) and a second motor (2); the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring (5), a planetary gear (6), a planet carrier (7), a first motor output sun gear (8), a planet carrier driving gear (9) and a planet carrier driven gear (10); the first motor is connected with a first motor output sun gear (8); the second motor (2) is connected with the second motor driving gear (3); the second motor driving gear (3) is meshed with the second motor driven gear (4); the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring (5), a planetary gear (6), a planetary carrier (7) and a first motor output sun gear (8); the clutch comprises a high-speed clutch (15) and a low-speed clutch (16), wherein the high-speed clutch (15) comprises a high-speed driving gear (11) and a high-speed driven gear (12); the low-gear clutch (16) comprises a low-gear driving gear (13) and a low-gear driven gear (14); the transmission output assembly comprises an output driving gear (17), an output driven gear (18), an output shaft (20) and a vehicle speed sensor (19);

the gear ring (5) of the planetary differential gear train is fixedly connected with the driven gear (4) of the second motor; the planet gear (6) is meshed with the gear ring (5) and the first motor output sun gear (8), and the planet carrier (7) is connected with the planet carrier driving gear (9); the planet carrier driving gear (9) is meshed with the planet carrier driven gear (10), and the planet carrier driven gear (10), the high-speed driving gear (11) and the low-speed driving gear (13) are arranged on the same shaft; the high-speed clutch (15) and the low-speed clutch (16) are arranged on the same shaft; an output driven gear (18) and a vehicle speed sensor (19) are mounted on the output shaft (20).

The invention has the following advantages: when the continuously variable transmission for the electric loader is in operation and walking, the first motor and the second motor are controlled to realize the conversion of forward movement and backward movement and the stepless control of speed, so that the continuous stepless speed change can be realized, and good starting performance can be obtained. Meanwhile, the fixed shaft gear transmission part of the continuously variable transmission has a high mechanical gear and a low mechanical gear. According to the change of working condition, the performance of the motor can be fully exerted, and the motor has the advantages of continuous stepless speed change, simple structure, reliable work and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a transmission principle diagram of embodiment 2 of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Refer to fig. 1, example 1.

A stepless speed changer for an electric loader mainly comprises two motors, a planetary differential gear train, a high-low gear clutch, a parallel shaft gear transmission pair and the like; the motor comprises a first motor 1, a second motor 2, a second motor driving gear 3 and a second motor driven gear 4; the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring 5, a planetary gear 6, a planet carrier 7 and a first motor output sun gear 8; the power of the differential gear train is output by a planet carrier 7 and consists of a planet carrier driving gear 9 and a planet carrier driven gear 10; the clutch comprises a high-speed clutch 15 and a low-speed clutch 16, wherein the high-speed clutch comprises a high-speed driving gear 11, a high-speed driven gear 12, a low-speed driving gear 13 and a low-speed driven gear 14; the transmission output includes an output drive gear 17, an output driven gear 18, an output shaft 20, and a vehicle speed sensor 19.

The connection relationship is as follows: the first motor 1 is connected with a sun gear 8 of the planetary differential gear train, the second motor 2 is connected with a driving gear 3 of the second motor, the driving gear 3 of the second motor is meshed with a driven gear 4 of the second motor, and a gear ring 5 of the differential gear train is fixedly connected with the driven gear 4 of the second motor. The planet wheel 6 is meshed with the gear ring 5 and the sun wheel 8, and the planet carrier 7 is connected with the planet carrier driving gear 9. The planet carrier driving gear 9 is engaged with the planet carrier driven gear 10, and the planet carrier driven gear 10, the high-speed driving gear 11 and the low-speed driving gear 13 are mounted on the same shaft. The high clutch 15 and the low clutch 16 are disposed on the same shaft, and include a high driven gear 12, a low driven gear 14, and an output driving gear 17. An output driven gear 18 and a vehicle speed sensor 19 are mounted on the output shaft 20.

Preferably: the stepless speed change device of the stepless speed changer adopts two motors and a planetary differential gear train, the two motors are both powered by batteries, the first motor 1 is connected with a sun gear 8 of the planetary differential gear train, the second motor 2 drives a gear ring 5 of the differential gear train to rotate through transmission of a pair of cylindrical gears, and the purpose of stepless speed change is achieved by adjusting the rotating speeds of the first motor 1 and the second motor 2 to realize stepless output of a planet carrier of the differential gear train.

Preferably: the stepless speed change planetary differential gear train is output by a planetary carrier, the output is provided with a first-level cylindrical gear transmission shaft, a planetary carrier driving gear 9 is fixedly connected with a planetary carrier 7, and a planetary carrier driven gear 10, a high-speed gear driving gear 11 and a low-speed gear driving gear 13 are arranged on the same shaft.

Preferably: the continuously variable transmission comprises a high clutch 15 and a low clutch 16, the high clutch 15 and the low clutch 16 being arranged on the same shaft.

Preferably: the stepless speed changer is provided with an output driving gear 17 on the shaft of the high-speed clutch 15 and the low-speed clutch 16, and the output driving gear 17 is meshed with an output driven gear 18.

Preferably: the continuously variable transmission output driven gear 18 is connected with an output shaft 20, and the output shaft 20 is provided with a front output flange and a rear output flange which are respectively connected with a front axle and a rear axle of the loader.

Preferably: the continuously variable transmission output driven gear 18 is provided with a vehicle speed sensor 19 which can detect the vehicle speed in real time and provide the vehicle speed to a controller to realize the continuously variable transmission.

When the rotating speed of the motor 2 is 0, the differential wheel system is in a planetary speed reduction working condition, and the stepless speed change of the loader at the low speed can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 1. When the speed of the loader reaches a certain walking speed and the motor 1 reaches the highest rotating speed, the motor 2 is started when the speed of the loader still needs to be increased. At this time, the motor 2 drives the gear ring of the differential gear train to rotate, and the stepless speed change can be continuously realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 2. Because the highest speed of the loader during operation is 10-12Km/h and the highest speed of the loader during traveling is 35-40Km/h, a high-speed clutch and a low-speed clutch are arranged on an intermediate shaft of the transmission in order to reduce the working rotating speed and the torque of the motor 1 and the motor 2. When the electric loader works, the low-gear clutch works in a combined mode; when the electric loader is transferred to a place and needs to walk at a high speed, the high-speed clutch is combined to work. The forward and backward movement of the electric loader is realized by controlling the forward and backward rotation of the motor.

When the continuously variable transmission for the electric loader is in operation and walking, the first motor and the second motor are controlled to realize the conversion of forward movement and backward movement and the stepless control of speed, so that the continuous stepless speed change can be realized, and good starting performance can be obtained. Meanwhile, a fixed shaft gear transmission part of the continuously variable transmission has a high mechanical gear and a low mechanical gear. According to the change of working condition, the performance of the motor can be fully exerted, and the motor has the advantages of continuous stepless speed change, simple structure, reliable work and the like.

Refer to example 2 of fig. 2.

A stepless speed changer for an electric loader mainly comprises a first motor 1, a second motor 2, a planetary differential gear train, a parallel shaft gear transmission pair and the like; a second motor driving gear 3 and a second motor driven gear 4; the planetary differential gear train comprises a gear ring 5, a planetary gear 6, a planet carrier 7 and a first motor output sun gear 8; the differential gear train is composed of a planet carrier 7 for outputting power, and mainly composed of a planet carrier driving gear 9 and a planet carrier driven gear 10; the transmission output section includes a reduction drive gear 11 and a reduction driven gear 12, an output drive gear 13 ', an output driven gear 14', an output shaft 16 ', and a vehicle speed sensor 15'.

The connection relationship is as follows: the first motor 1 is connected with a sun gear 8 of a planetary differential gear train, the second motor 2 is connected with a second motor driving gear 3, the second motor driving gear 3 is meshed with a second motor driven gear 4, and a gear ring 5 of the differential gear train is fixedly connected with the motor 2 driven gear 4. The planet wheel 6 is meshed with the gear ring 5 and the sun wheel 8, and the planet carrier 7 is connected with the planet carrier driving gear 9. The planet carrier driving gear 9 is engaged with the planet carrier driven gear 10, and the planet carrier driven gear 10 and the speed reduction driving gear 11 are arranged on the same shaft. The reduction driven gear 12 and the output drive gear 13' are mounted on the same shaft. The output shaft 16 ' is provided with an output driven gear 14 ' and a vehicle speed sensor 15 '.

Preferably: the stepless speed change device of the stepless speed changer adopts two motors and a planetary differential gear train, a first motor 1 is connected with a sun gear 8 of the differential gear train, a second motor 2 drives a gear ring 5 of the differential gear train to rotate through transmission of a pair of cylindrical gears, and stepless output of a planet carrier of the differential gear train is realized by adjusting the rotating speeds of the first motor 1 and the second motor 2, so that the purpose of stepless speed change is achieved.

Preferably: the planet carrier output of the planet differential gear system is provided with a primary cylindrical gear transmission shaft, a planet carrier driving gear 9 is fixedly connected with a planet carrier 7, and a planet carrier driven gear 10 and a speed reduction driving gear 11 are arranged on the same shaft.

Preferably: the output part of the continuously variable transmission is driven by a two-stage cylindrical gear and consists of an output speed reduction driving gear 11, an output speed reduction driven gear 12, an output driving gear 13 'and an output driven gear 14'.

Preferably: the output shaft 16' of the continuously variable transmission is provided with a front output flange and a rear output flange which are respectively connected with a front axle and a rear axle of the loader.

Preferably: the continuously variable transmission is characterized in that a vehicle speed sensor 15 'is arranged on the output driven gear 14' of the continuously variable transmission, can detect the vehicle speed in real time and provides the vehicle speed to a controller to realize the continuously variable transmission.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.