阅读说明：本技术 一种无级变速器、无级变速方法及运用 (Continuously variable transmission, continuously variable transmission method and application ) 是由 熊一洲 周庆 熊伟 杜春 于 2020-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种无级变速器,包括行星齿轮,行星齿轮包括内齿圈、行星架和太阳轮,所述行星齿轮为两组,两组行星齿轮中,内齿圈、行星架、太阳轮对应串联：两行星齿轮的内齿圈传动连接、两行星齿轮的太阳轮传动连接；两行齿轮的行星架传动连接；以上三组传动连接路线中,至少有一组为定转速差变速传动；还包括调速器,所述调速器串联在其中一组传动连接路线中,所述调速器用于无级调整所在传动连接路线上的变速差；所述调速器所在的传动连接路线与所述变速传动所在的传动连接路线为不同的传动连接路线。采用本方案提供的无级变速器,应用行星齿轮实现全齿轮啮合,不仅具有过零点连续调速的特点,同时传动功率大,传动效率高。(The invention discloses a continuously variable transmission, which comprises planetary gears, wherein the planetary gears comprise an inner gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear, the planetary gears are divided into two groups, and in the two groups of planetary gears, the inner gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear are correspondingly connected in series: the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection, and the sun gears of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection; the planet carriers of the two rows of gears are in transmission connection; at least one group of the three groups of transmission connecting routes is constant-speed-difference variable-speed transmission; the speed regulator is connected in series in one group of transmission connecting lines and is used for stepless adjustment of speed variation difference on the transmission connecting lines; the transmission connecting line where the speed regulator is located and the transmission connecting line where the variable speed transmission is located are different transmission connecting lines. The continuously variable transmission provided by the scheme is applied to the planetary gear to realize full gear engagement, and has the characteristics of zero-crossing point continuous speed regulation, and meanwhile, the continuously variable transmission is high in transmission power and high in transmission efficiency.)

1. The utility model provides a continuously variable transmission, includes planetary gear, planetary gear includes ring gear, planet carrier and sun gear, its characterized in that, planetary gear is two sets ofly, and in two sets of planetary gear, ring gear, planet carrier, sun gear correspond the series connection: the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection, and the sun gears of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection; the planet carriers of the two rows of gears are in transmission connection;

at least one group of the three groups of transmission connecting routes is constant-speed-difference variable-speed transmission;

the speed regulator is connected in series in one group of transmission connecting lines and is used for stepless adjustment of speed variation difference on the transmission connecting lines;

the transmission connecting line where the speed regulator is located and the transmission connecting line where the variable speed transmission is located are different transmission connecting lines.

2. The variable transmission of claim 1, wherein the speed governor comprises an adjustable speed motor and a conical gear coaxial with the adjustable speed motor and connected to a rotor of the adjustable speed motor, the conical gear being connected in series in a corresponding drive connection path.

3. A variable transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planet carrier or sun gear of one of the two sets of planet gears serves as the input of the variable transmission, and the annulus gear of the other set of planet gears serves as the output of the variable transmission.

4. A continuously variable transmission as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said fixed differential speed drive is any one of the following: in the two groups of planetary gears, the number of the outer teeth of the two inner gear rings is different; in the two sets of planetary gears, the number of teeth of the two planetary gears is different.

5. A continuously variable transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annulus gears of the two planet gears are drivingly connected by: the two inner gear rings form a fixed transmission ratio transmission connection relationship through gears.

6. A continuously variable transmission as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that said fixed differential speed drive is: in the two groups of planetary gears, the number of teeth of the gears for realizing the transmission connection with a fixed transmission ratio is different.

7. A continuously variable transmission as claimed in claim 1, in which the speed adjusters are connected in series between the two planet carriers.

8. A variable transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the variator is connected in series between two sun gears.

9. A stepless speed regulation method is based on planetary gears, wherein the planetary gears comprise an inner gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear, and the stepless speed regulation method is characterized in that the planetary gears are divided into two groups, and in the two groups of planetary gears, the inner gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear are correspondingly connected in series: the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection, and the sun gears of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection; the planet carriers of the two rows of gears are in transmission connection;

one of the three groups of transmission connecting routes is used as a power input route, the other two groups of transmission connecting routes are used as power feedback routes, and one of the other two groups of transmission connecting routes is also used as a power output route;

the power feedback route is used for realizing the rotation speed regulation of the power output route.

10. The application of a stepless speed changer as a power divider.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a continuously variable transmission, a continuously variable transmission method and application.

Background

The stepless speed changer is a commonly used transmission device in a mechanical transmission system, and can realize the continuous change of the rotating speed of an output shaft within a certain range through the gradual change of the transmission ratio so as to meet the requirements of various working conditions of a machine production system in the operation process.

The system has obvious effects on improving the yield of products, adapting to the product change requirements, saving energy, realizing the mechanization, automation and the like of the whole system. Thus, the continuously variable transmission is now a common transmission element and has found wide application in automotive and various industrial sectors.

The existing mechanical stepless speed changer mainly comprises three types of friction type, hydraulic type and pulse type. The friction type is mainly CVT. The planetary cone-disk stepless speed variator of cone-disk roller CVT has the features of continuous output change and low power transmission. The hydraulic type has the characteristic of large transmission power of continuous change of output, but the efficiency is lower in most ranges of speed change. The pulse type continuously variable transmission CVT is characterized in that the low speed can reach zero, but the vibration caused by transmission is large, so that the application is less.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the characteristics of the mechanical continuously variable transmission in the prior art, the invention provides the continuously variable transmission, the continuously variable transmission method and the application thereof.

The invention provides a continuously variable transmission which solves the problems through the following technical points, and the continuously variable transmission comprises planetary gears, wherein the planetary gears comprise an inner gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear, the planetary gears are divided into two groups, and in the two groups of planetary gears, the inner gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear are correspondingly connected in series: the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection, and the sun gears of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection; the planet carriers of the two rows of gears are in transmission connection;

at least one group of the three groups of transmission connecting routes is constant-speed-difference variable-speed transmission;

the speed regulator is connected in series in one group of transmission connecting lines and is used for stepless adjustment of speed variation difference on the transmission connecting lines;

the transmission connecting line where the speed regulator is located and the transmission connecting line where the variable speed transmission is located are different transmission connecting lines.

The invention aims to solve the defects that the existing continuously variable transmission cannot be realized and the high-power zero crossing point is stably driven. The full-gear transmission can be realized, the high power is realized, and the zero crossing point is stably transmitted.

The scheme is divided into three parts according to the functions realized in the stepless speed regulation device: firstly, a speed regulator part (figure 3); second, a continuously variable transmission assembly portion (fig. 2); and thirdly, a continuously variable transmission part (figure 1).

The governor portion of the present invention may be configured as: two groups of planet gears are also adopted, and the two groups of planet gears belonging to the speed regulator respectively comprise a sun gear, an inner gear ring, a planet carrier and two groups of planet gears which are respectively used as output and input. In the specific structural connection, the sun gear, the inner gear ring and the planet carrier form the corresponding series connection relation of the continuously variable transmission on a transmission connection line where the speed regulator is located, one group of the three corresponding transmission connection lines on the speed regulator is directly connected, the other group of the three corresponding transmission connection lines is connected through a specific speed regulating component comprising a speed regulating motor and a bevel gear, the speed regulating motor is fixed on the shell, the input and output rotating speeds of the speed regulating motor are equal when the speed regulating motor does not rotate, and the input and output speed difference is generated when the speed regulating motor rotates, so that the speed variation difference on the transmission connection line where the speed regulator is located is adjusted. The speed regulator can be arranged between the planet carriers of the two planetary gears in the integral assembly of the continuously variable transmission, and can also be arranged between the planet gears on the integral basis of the continuously variable transmission.

The stepless speed change component part of the invention can lead two groups of planet gear carriers, inner gear rings and sun gears to be fixedly connected in series, thus leading the two groups of planet gears to generate a speed difference. The other group is connected in series through a speed regulator, and the movement speed among the inner gear rings of the two groups of planet gears, the planet carrier and the sun gear can be controlled to be changed greatly by a small speed change on the speed regulator. While generating an internal power flow, on one planetary gear is the driven member and on the other planetary gear is the driving member. One group of the inner gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear is used as a driving part and is subjected to smaller resistance than the obtained power as a driven part within a certain rotating speed range, and the inner gear ring is usually selected as an output element because the inner gear ring can obtain a larger speed change range. And the other group is used as a feedback element, and the resistance force of the driving part is equal to the obtained power as the driven part. When the two groups of elements are used as a driving part and a driven part, the torque is output without torque when the torques are equal, and the point is the self-locking point of the continuously variable transmission. The third group receives a larger resistance force as a driving member than the obtained power as a driven member as an input member.

The stepless speed changer can also carry out adjustable speed power shunt, and the characteristic is particularly suitable for the application of hybrid electric vehicles and the like which need power shunt.

Because the efficiency of circulating power flow is not high, the input can be divided into two paths, one path is transmitted to the next-stage planetary gear through the inner gear ring transmission gear, and the other path is output to the next-stage planetary gear through the access of the stepless speed regulator, and then output is synthesized. Usually, the planet gear of the first stage adopts a planet carrier input inner gear ring to directly transmit to the inner gear ring of the next stage through an inner gear ring transmission gear, if the sun gear of the first stage is smaller and the sun gear of the second stage is larger according to specific requirements, the purpose of improving the transmission efficiency can be achieved compared with the traditional continuously variable transmission. Because the zero crossing point speed regulation of the stepless speed changer is realized, when the amplification factor is large, the power can flow back through the inner gear ring transmission gear, and a transmission shaft of the inner gear ring transmission gear is preferably provided with a one-way bearing.

Because the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection with the power transmission route, compared with the stepless speed changer in the prior art, the stepless speed changer has the characteristic of high transmission power.

The further technical scheme is as follows:

as a specific implementation manner of the speed regulator with small vibration, the following steps are provided: the speed regulator comprises an adjustable speed motor and a conical gear, the conical gear and the adjustable speed motor are coaxial and are connected to a rotor of the adjustable speed motor, and the conical gear is connected in series in a corresponding transmission connecting route. When the scheme is specifically applied, the speed regulators are connected in series between two ends of the continuously variable transmission, and the specific series connection mode can be a mode of completing series connection through the planetary gears.

In view of the gear ratio adjustable range of the present continuously variable transmission, it is set to: in the two groups of planetary gears, a planet carrier or a sun gear on one group of planetary gears is used as the input end of the continuously variable transmission, and an inner gear ring on the other group of planetary gears is used as the output end of the continuously variable transmission.

As a specific fixed speed difference variable transmission mode, the following modes are set: the fixed speed difference variable speed transmission is as follows: in the two groups of planetary gears, the number of the outer teeth of the two inner gear rings is different; in the two groups of planetary gears, the teeth numbers of the two planetary gears are different; the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection: the two inner gear rings form a fixed transmission ratio transmission connection relationship through gears, and the number of teeth of the gears for realizing the fixed transmission ratio transmission connection in the two groups of planetary gears is different. In the specific structure, the above gears are the inner gear transmission gears as described below, for example, the inner gear transmission gears comprise a first inner gear transmission gear and a second inner gear transmission gear, and the inner gear transmission gears directly transmit torque through a transmission shaft.

In view of reducing the overall radial dimension of the continuously variable transmission, it is provided that: the speed regulator is connected between the two planet carriers in series.

In view of reducing the axial dimension of the continuously variable transmission as a whole, it is provided that: the speed regulator is connected between the two sun gears in series.

The scheme also provides a stepless speed change method, which is based on the planetary gears, wherein the planetary gears comprise an inner gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear, the planetary gears are divided into two groups, and in the two groups of planetary gears, the inner gear ring, the planet carrier and the sun gear are correspondingly connected in series: the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection, and the sun gears of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection; the planet carriers of the two rows of gears are in transmission connection;

one of the three groups of transmission connecting routes is used as a power input route, the other two groups of transmission connecting routes are used as power feedback routes, and one of the other two groups of transmission connecting routes is also used as a power output route;

the power feedback route is used for realizing the rotation speed regulation of the power output route.

By adopting the scheme, the full-gear meshing form which can be provided by the planetary gear is utilized, and when power is transmitted, if the full-gear meshing form is compared with a friction type stepless speed changer, the full-gear transmission not only has the characteristic of zero-crossing point continuous speed regulation, but also has the characteristics of large transmission power and high transmission efficiency.

The application of a stepless speed changer as a power divider. In a specific application, the continuously variable transmission may be configured to have two outputs, such as the transmission connection lines described above, and two sets of transmission connection lines as power feedback lines are provided with outputs, so that when the prime mover operates in a high power range on a power curve, for example, the rotation speed of one of the outputs is used as a main control index, and when the main control index meets a requirement, the power flow may be output from the other output.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the stepless speed changer provided by the scheme can carry out speed-adjustable power division, and the characteristic is particularly suitable for application of hybrid electric vehicles and the like which need power division.

In the specific structural design of the continuously variable transmission provided by the scheme, because the circulating power flow efficiency is not high, the input can be divided into two paths, one path is transmitted to the next-stage planetary gear through the inner gear ring transmission gear, and the other path is output to the next-stage planetary gear through the connection of the continuously variable speed regulator, and then the output is synthesized. Usually, the planet gear of the first stage adopts a planet carrier input inner gear ring to directly transmit to the inner gear ring of the next stage through an inner gear ring transmission gear, if the sun gear of the first stage is smaller and the sun gear of the second stage is larger according to specific requirements, the purpose of improving the transmission efficiency can be achieved compared with the traditional continuously variable transmission. Because the zero crossing point speed regulation of the stepless speed changer is realized, when the amplification factor is large, the power can flow back through the inner gear ring transmission gear, and a transmission shaft of the inner gear ring transmission gear is preferably provided with a one-way bearing.

Because the inner gear rings of the two planetary gears are in transmission connection with the power transmission route, compared with the stepless speed changer in the prior art, the stepless speed changer has the characteristic of high transmission power. .

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a continuously variable transmission provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the continuously variable transmission component portion of one embodiment of the continuously variable transmission provided in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a speed governor portion in an embodiment of a continuously variable transmission according to the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are in order: 1. input shaft, 2, first ring gear transmission gear, 3, first double-sided ring gear, 4, first planet gear, 5, first sun gear, 6, first planet carrier, 7, third ring gear transmission gear, 8, third double-sided ring gear, 9, third planet gear, 10, third sun gear, 11, third planet carrier 12, fourth ring gear, 13, fourth planet gear, 14, fourth sun gear, 15, fourth planet carrier, 16, variable speed motor, 17, first bevel gear, 18, second bevel gear, 19, third bevel gear, 20, fifth ring gear, 21, fifth planet gear, 22, fifth planet carrier, 23, fifth sun gear, 24, fifth planet carrier, 25, second planet gear, 26, second ring gear transmission gear, 27, second double-sided ring gear, 28, second sun gear, 29, first transmission gear, 30 ring gear, 28, second ring gear, 29, first ring gear, 30 ring gear, and fourth ring gear, A second double-face tooth inner gear ring 31, a sixth planet wheel 32, a sixth sun wheel 33, an output shaft 34 and a one-way bearing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the structure of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.