阅读说明：本技术 一种电磁锁止差速器 (Electromagnetic locking differential mechanism ) 是由 林江辉 张美富 于 2020-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于差速器技术领域,特指一种电磁锁止差速器,包括具有腔室的壳体,腔室内转动连接有前半轴螺旋齿、后半轴螺旋齿、前行星齿轮以及后行星齿轮,后半轴螺旋齿上开设有啮合齿一,腔室开设有直齿一,腔室内设有锁止圈,锁止圈的外圈开设有直齿二、内圈开设有啮合齿二；壳体的前侧设有电磁线圈,电磁线圈与壳体之间设有吸环,吸环与拉杆的前端固定连接,拉杆的后端与锁止圈固定连接,锁止圈与后行星齿轮之间设有复位弹簧。本发明借助电磁线圈通电所产生的磁场,使得吸环能够在磁场中受到向前的磁性吸力,从而能够通过拉杆带动锁止圈向前移动、使得后半轴螺旋齿的啮合齿一与锁止圈的啮合齿二相啮合,实现差速器的100％锁止。(The invention belongs to the technical field of differentials, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic locking differential, which comprises a shell with a cavity, wherein a front half shaft helical gear, a rear half shaft helical gear, a front planetary gear and a rear planetary gear are rotationally connected in the cavity; the front side of the shell is provided with an electromagnetic coil, an absorption ring is arranged between the electromagnetic coil and the shell, the absorption ring is fixedly connected with the front end of the pull rod, the rear end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with a locking ring, and a reset spring is arranged between the locking ring and the rear planetary gear. According to the invention, by means of the magnetic field generated by electrifying the electromagnetic coil, the attraction ring can be subjected to forward magnetic attraction in the magnetic field, so that the locking ring can be driven by the pull rod to move forward, the first meshing teeth of the rear half-axle helical teeth are meshed with the second meshing teeth of the locking ring, and 100% locking of the differential is realized.)

1. The utility model provides an electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, is including casing (1) that has the cavity, and the cavity internal rotation is connected with preceding semi-axis helical tooth (2), latter half-axis helical tooth (3), with preceding planetary gear (4) of preceding semi-axis helical tooth (2) engaged with and back planetary gear (5) of rear half-axis helical tooth (3) engaged with, preceding planetary gear (4) and back planetary gear (5) one-to-one and engaged with, its characterized in that: a first meshing tooth (6) is arranged on the side wall of the rear half-axis spiral tooth (3) positioned at the rear side of the rear planetary gear (5), a first straight tooth (7) is arranged on the inner side wall of the cavity, a locking ring (8) is arranged in the cavity, a second straight tooth (9) meshed with the first straight tooth (7) is arranged on the outer ring of the locking ring (8), and a second meshing tooth (10) meshed with the first meshing tooth (6) when axially moving to the first meshing tooth (6) is arranged on the inner ring; the front side of casing (1) is equipped with solenoid (11), is equipped with between solenoid (11) and casing (1) and inhales ring (12), and solenoid (11) circular telegram back produces forward suction to ring (12), inhales the front end fixed connection of ring (12) and pull rod (13), and the rear end of pull rod (13) penetrates casing (1) to the cavity in, and its and locking ring (8) fixed connection, is equipped with reset spring (14) between the preceding terminal surface of locking ring (8) and the rear end face of back planetary gear (5).

2. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 1 wherein: the electromagnetic coil (11) comprises an annular magnetic disk (15), an annular groove (16) which is the same as the annular magnetic disk (15) in axis is formed in the rear end face of the annular magnetic disk (15), an enameled wire (17) is wound in the annular groove (16), the rear end outer edge of the annular magnetic disk (15) extends backwards to form an inner conical surface (18) which is small in front and large in back, and the front end outer edge of the suction ring (12) is inwards sunken to form an outer conical surface (19) corresponding to the inner conical surface (18).

3. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 1 wherein: the first meshing teeth (6) comprise a plurality of first stepped teeth (20) with the outer diameters gradually reduced from front to back, and the second meshing teeth (10) comprise second stepped teeth (21) corresponding to the first stepped teeth (20) one to one.

4. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 1 wherein: a middle sleeve (22) is arranged in a cavity between the front half-shaft spiral teeth (2) and the rear spiral teeth, synchronous straight teeth are arranged in an inner hole of the middle sleeve (22), a front positioning ring (23) and a rear positioning ring (24) which are meshed with the synchronous straight teeth are arranged in the inner hole of the middle sleeve (22), the front end face of the front positioning ring (23) is abutted against the rear end face of the front half-shaft spiral teeth (2), the rear end face of the rear positioning ring (24) is abutted against the front end face of the rear half-shaft spiral teeth (3), and an elastic gasket (25) is arranged between the front positioning ring (23) and the rear positioning ring (24).

5. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 1 wherein: a wear-resistant ring (26) is arranged in a cavity on the rear side of the rear planetary gear (5), the front end of the return spring (14) abuts against the rear end face of the wear-resistant ring (26), and the front end face of the wear-resistant ring (26) abuts against the rear end face of the rear planetary gear (5).

6. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 1 wherein: the electromagnetic coil (11) is electrified to attract the attraction ring (12), and the pull rod (13) drives the locking ring (8) to move forwards until the meshing teeth I (6) and the meshing teeth II (10) are completely meshed, and a movable gap is reserved between the rear end face of the electromagnetic coil (11) and the front end face of the attraction ring (12).

7. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 1 wherein: the front end of the shell (1) is provided with a central shaft (27) along the axis of the shell, the electromagnetic coil (11) and the suction ring (12) are sleeved on the central shaft (27), and a wear-resistant sleeve (28) or a needle bearing or a ball bearing is arranged between the electromagnetic coil (11) and the central shaft (27).

8. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 7 wherein: the wear-resistant sleeve (28) is made of an iron-based material or a copper-based material; or the needle roller bearing or the ball bearing is made of a magnetism isolating material.

9. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in claim 7 wherein: the inner hole of the suction ring (12) is a concave spigot (29) which is concave forwards, and a convex spigot (30) which is matched with the concave spigot (29) is arranged on the central shaft (27).

10. An electromagnetic locking differential as defined in any one of claims 1-9 wherein: casing (1) is including preceding shell (31), mesochite (32) and backshell (33), and the preceding terminal surface of mesochite (32) passes through fastener and preceding shell (31) fixed connection, rear end face and passes through fastener and backshell (33) fixed connection, just the cavity is enclosed by the hole of preceding shell (31), mesochite (32) and backshell (33), preceding semi-axis helical tooth (2) and preceding planetary gear (4) set up on the hole of preceding shell (31), rear semi-axis helical tooth (3) set up on the hole of backshell (33), back planetary gear (5) set up on mesochite (32).

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of differentials, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic locking differential.

Background art:

the differential mechanism is a device with power transmission and power distribution functions, and has the functions of allowing half shafts on two sides to rotate at different rotating speeds when an automobile turns, meeting the requirement that wheels on two sides run at different distances in a pure rolling mode as far as possible, reducing the sliding friction between tires and the ground, ensuring the safety coefficient of running vehicles and prolonging the service life of the speed reducer.

However, when the automobile encounters severe road conditions, such as mud and severe road surfaces, the functional function of the differential causes the tires on one side to slip due to insufficient adhesion with the road surface, and the tires on the other side do not rotate, so that the automobile has insufficient traction force and cannot get rid of the predicament.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide an electromagnetic locking differential which can ensure that an automobile has enough traction force to get rid of the predicament when extremely bad road conditions are met.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

an electromagnetic locking differential mechanism comprises a shell with a cavity, wherein a front half shaft spiral tooth, a rear half shaft spiral tooth, a front planetary gear meshed with the front half shaft spiral tooth and a rear planetary gear meshed with the rear half shaft spiral tooth are rotationally connected in the cavity, the front planetary gear and the rear planetary gear are in one-to-one correspondence and meshed, a first meshing tooth is arranged on the side wall of the rear half shaft spiral tooth positioned on the rear side of the rear planetary gear, a first straight tooth is arranged on the inner side wall of the cavity, a locking ring is arranged in the cavity, a second straight tooth meshed with the first straight tooth is arranged on the outer ring of the locking ring, and a second meshing tooth which can be meshed with the first meshing tooth when the axial direction of the inner ring moves to the first meshing tooth is arranged; the front side of the shell is provided with an electromagnetic coil, a suction ring is arranged between the electromagnetic coil and the shell, forward suction force is generated on the suction ring after the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the suction ring is fixedly connected with the front end of a pull rod, the rear end of the pull rod penetrates into the shell to the cavity and is fixedly connected with a locking ring, and a reset spring is arranged between the front end face of the locking ring and the rear end face of the rear planetary gear.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, the electromagnetic coil comprises an annular magnetic disc, an annular groove which is coaxial with the annular magnetic disc is formed in the rear end face of the annular magnetic disc, an enameled wire is wound in the annular groove, the outer edge of the rear end of the annular magnetic disc extends backwards to form an inner conical surface with a small diameter and a large front, and the outer edge of the front end of the suction ring is inwards recessed to form an outer conical surface corresponding to the inner conical surface.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, the first engaging teeth include a plurality of first stepped teeth, the outer diameters of the first engaging teeth are gradually reduced from front to back, and the second engaging teeth include second stepped teeth corresponding to the first stepped teeth one to one.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, a middle sleeve is arranged in a cavity between the front half-shaft helical gear and the rear helical gear, a synchronous straight gear is arranged on an inner hole of the middle sleeve, a front positioning ring and a rear positioning ring, which are meshed with the synchronous straight gear, are arranged in the inner hole of the middle sleeve, the front end surface of the front positioning ring abuts against the rear end surface of the front half-shaft helical gear, the rear end surface of the rear positioning ring abuts against the front end surface of the rear half-shaft helical gear, and an elastic gasket is arranged between the front positioning ring and the rear positioning ring.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, a wear-resistant ring is arranged in a cavity on the rear side of the rear planetary gear, the front end of the return spring abuts against the rear end face of the wear-resistant ring, and the front end face of the wear-resistant ring abuts against the rear end face of the rear planetary gear.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, the electromagnetic coil is electrified to attract the attraction ring, and the pull rod drives the locking ring to move forwards until the engagement teeth I and the engagement teeth II are completely engaged, and a movable gap is reserved between the rear end face of the electromagnetic coil and the front end face of the attraction ring.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, the front end of the housing is provided with a central shaft along the axis thereof, the electromagnetic coil and the suction ring are both sleeved on the central shaft, and a wear-resistant sleeve or a needle bearing or a ball bearing is arranged between the electromagnetic coil and the central shaft.

In one of the electromagnetic locking differentials described above, the wear sleeve is made of an iron-based material or a copper-based material; or the needle roller bearing or the ball bearing is made of a magnetism isolating material.

In the electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, the inner hole of the suction ring is a concave spigot which is recessed forwards, and the central shaft is provided with a convex spigot which is matched with the concave spigot.

In foretell electromagnetic locking differential mechanism, the casing is including preceding shell, mesochite and backshell, and the preceding terminal surface of mesochite passes through fastener and preceding shell fixed connection, and the rear end surface passes through fastener and backshell fixed connection, just the cavity is enclosed by the hole of preceding shell, mesochite and backshell, preceding semi-axis helical tooth and preceding planetary gear set up on the hole of preceding shell, the rear semi-axis helical tooth sets up on the hole of backshell, the rear planetary gear sets up on the mesochite.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:

according to the invention, by means of a magnetic field generated by electrifying the electromagnetic coil, the suction ring can be subjected to forward magnetic attraction in the magnetic field, so that the suction ring can drive the locking ring to move forward through the pull rod, the first meshing teeth of the rear half-axle helical teeth are meshed with the second meshing teeth of the locking ring, namely, the rear half-axle helical teeth and the shell form rigid connection, further, the rear planetary gear, the front planetary gear and the front half-axle helical teeth form rigid connection with the shell, and the front half-axle helical teeth and the rear half-axle helical teeth synchronously rotate to realize 100% locking of the differential mechanism; therefore, when the automobile meets extremely bad road conditions, the front half axle helical teeth and the rear half axle helical teeth rotate synchronously, so that the two tires can rotate at the same rotating speed, and sufficient traction force is provided for the automobile to get rid of the predicament.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rear axle shaft helical teeth of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the locking collar of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the center housing of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an annular disk of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a suction ring of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. front half-shaft helical teeth; 3. rear half shaft helical teeth; 4. a front planetary gear; 5. a rear planetary gear; 6. meshing a first gear; 7. straight teeth I; 8. a locking ring; 9. a second straight tooth; 10. a second meshing tooth; 11. an electromagnetic coil; 12. a suction ring; 13. a pull rod; 14. a return spring; 15. an annular magnetic disk; 16. an annular groove; 17. enamelled wires; 18. an inner conical surface; 19. an outer conical surface; 20. step teeth I; 21. step two teeth; 22. a middle sleeve; 23. a front positioning ring; 24. a rear positioning ring; 25. an elastic pad; 26. wear-resistant rings; 27. a central shaft; 28. a wear sleeve; 29. a concave spigot; 30. a male end; 31. a front housing; 32. a middle shell; 33. a rear shell.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention will now be further described by way of specific examples, with reference to figures 1 to 7:

an electromagnetic locking differential mechanism comprises a shell 1 with a cavity, wherein a front half shaft helical tooth 2, a rear half shaft helical tooth 3, a front planetary gear 4 meshed with the front half shaft helical tooth 2 and a rear planetary gear 5 meshed with the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 are rotationally connected in the cavity, and the front planetary gear 4 and the rear planetary gear 5 are in one-to-one correspondence and meshed. A group of planetary gear sets are respectively formed among the front half shaft helical gear 2, the front planetary gear 4 and the shell 1, and among the front half shaft helical gear 2, the front planetary gear 4 and the shell 1.

The side wall of the rear half-axle spiral teeth 3 positioned at the rear side of the rear planetary gear 5 is provided with a first meshing tooth 6, the inner side wall of the cavity is provided with a first straight tooth 7, a locking ring 8 is arranged in the cavity, the outer ring of the locking ring 8 is provided with a second straight tooth 9 meshed with the first straight tooth 7, and the inner ring is provided with a second meshing tooth 10 capable of being meshed with the first meshing tooth 6 when axially moving to the first meshing tooth 6; the front side of the shell 1 is provided with an electromagnetic coil 11, a suction ring 12 is arranged between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the shell 1, the electromagnetic coil 11 generates forward suction force to the suction ring 12 after being electrified, the suction ring 12 is fixedly connected with the front end of a pull rod 13, the rear end of the pull rod 13 penetrates into the shell 1 to a cavity and is fixedly connected with a locking ring 8, and a return spring 14 is arranged between the front end face of the locking ring 8 and the rear end face of the rear planetary gear 5.

According to the invention, by means of a magnetic field generated by electrifying the electromagnetic coil 11, the attraction ring 12 can be subjected to forward magnetic attraction in the magnetic field, so that the attraction ring 12 can drive the locking ring 8 to move forward through the pull rod 13, the first meshing tooth 6 of the rear half-axle helical tooth 3 is meshed with the second meshing tooth 10 of the locking ring 8, namely, a rigid connection is formed between the rear half-axle helical tooth 3 and the shell 1, further, the rear planetary gear 5, the front planetary gear 4 and the front half-axle helical tooth 2 are all in rigid connection with the shell 1, and the front half-axle helical tooth 2 and the rear half-axle helical tooth 3 synchronously rotate to realize 100% locking of the differential; therefore, when the automobile meets extremely severe road conditions, the front half axle helical teeth 2 and the rear half axle helical teeth 3 rotate synchronously, so that the two tires can rotate at the same rotating speed, and sufficient traction force is provided for the automobile to get rid of the predicament.

Further, in the present embodiment, the specific arrangement structure of the electromagnetic coil 11 is: the electromagnetic coil 11 comprises an annular magnetic disk 15, an annular groove 16 which is coaxial with the annular magnetic disk 15 is formed in the rear end face of the annular magnetic disk 15, and an enameled wire 17 is wound in the annular groove 16;

meanwhile, the rear outer edge of the annular disk 15 extends backwards to form an inner conical surface 18 with a small diameter and a large back, and the front outer edge of the suction ring 12 is recessed inwards to form an outer conical surface 19 corresponding to the inner conical surface 18. The mutual matching of the inner conical surface 18 and the outer conical surface 19 can shorten the magnetic acting force distance between the annular magnetic disk 15 and the attraction ring 12, and correspondingly, the magnetic field intensity can be effectively reduced, namely the current intensity required by the enameled wire 17 is reduced, so that the heat conversion energy loss caused by high current is reduced, the purpose of saving energy is achieved, and the integral service life of the electromagnetic coil 11 is prolonged.

Furthermore, because the displacement distance of the locking ring 8 in the cavity is limited, in order to increase the meshing area of the first meshing teeth 6 of the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3 and the second meshing teeth 10 of the locking ring 8 and improve the locking strength between the first meshing teeth 6 and the second meshing teeth 10, the first meshing teeth 6 comprise a plurality of first stepped teeth 20 with the outer diameters gradually reduced from front to back, and the second meshing teeth 10 comprise second stepped teeth 21 which correspond to the first stepped teeth 20 one by one. When the locking ring 8 moves forward by a unit distance, a plurality of meshing joint faces can be formed between the first stepped teeth 20 and the second stepped teeth 21, the number of the meshing joint faces corresponds to the number of the first stepped teeth 20 and the number of the second stepped teeth 21, and the larger the number of the first stepped teeth 20 and the second stepped teeth 21 is, the larger the area of the meshing joint faces is, and the larger the locking strength of the corresponding rear half-shaft spiral teeth 3 and the locking ring 8 is; in the present embodiment, two step teeth are provided for the first step tooth 20 and the second step tooth 21.

In the normal running process of the automobile, the electromagnetic coil 11 is not electrified, in order to enable the power distribution reaction of the differential mechanism to be sensitive and achieve ideal distribution as far as possible, a middle sleeve 22 is arranged in a cavity between the front half-shaft spiral tooth 2 and the rear half-shaft spiral tooth, synchronous straight teeth are arranged on an inner hole of the middle sleeve 22, a front positioning ring 23 and a rear positioning ring 24, of which outer ring teeth are meshed with the synchronous straight teeth, are arranged in the inner hole of the middle sleeve 22, the front end face of the front positioning ring 23 abuts against the rear end face of the front half-shaft spiral tooth 2, the rear end face of the rear positioning ring 24 abuts against the front end face of the rear half-shaft spiral tooth 3, and an elastic gasket 25 is arranged between the front positioning ring 23 and the rear positioning ring 24. Under the elastic force of the elastic gasket 25, certain friction forces are generated between the front positioning ring 23 and the front half-axle helical tooth 2 and between the rear positioning ring 24 and the rear half-axle helical tooth 3, so that a locking rate of 60% -80% is achieved between the front half-axle helical tooth 2 and the rear half-axle helical tooth 3, wherein the locking rate is mainly determined by the elastic force of the elastic gasket 25.

Meanwhile, in order to avoid the elastic damage of the return spring 14 due to the abrasion of the rear planetary gear 5 and the return spring 14, which affects the return movement of the locking ring 8, and even causes the locking of the front half-shaft helical gear 2 and the rear half-shaft helical gear 3 to be unable to be released, in the present embodiment, a wear ring 26 is provided in a chamber located at the rear side of the rear planetary gear 5, the front end of the return spring 14 abuts against the rear end face of the wear ring 26, and the front end face of the wear ring 26 abuts against the rear end face of the rear planetary gear 5.

Furthermore, in order to avoid the phenomenon that the electromagnetic coil 11 and the suction ring 12 are abraded due to friction, and meanwhile, in order to reduce the phenomenon that the suction ring 12 is magnetized, the electromagnetic coil 11 is electrified to suck the suction ring 12, and the pull rod 13 drives the locking ring 8 to move forwards until the meshing teeth I6 and the meshing teeth II 10 are completely meshed, and a movable gap exists between the rear end face of the electromagnetic coil 11 and the front end face of the suction ring 12.

Furthermore, the specific matching relationship between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the suction ring 12 and the housing 1 is as follows: a central shaft 27 is arranged at the front end of the shell 1 along the axis of the shell, and the electromagnetic coil 11 and the suction ring 12 are sleeved on the central shaft 27; in order to reduce wear between the solenoid coil 11 and the central shaft 27, and between the solenoid coil 11 and the central shaft 27, a wear sleeve 28 or a needle bearing or a ball bearing is provided, and in the present embodiment, the wear sleeve 28 is provided between the annular magnetic disk 15 and the central shaft 27.

In order to reduce the occurrence of magnetization phenomena of the shell 1 while ensuring good wear resistance of the wear-resistant sleeve 28, the wear-resistant sleeve 28 is made of an iron-based material or a copper-based material. Or a ball bearing or a needle bearing made of a magnetism-insulating material such as stainless steel.

In order to ensure that the axis of the suction ring 12 is aligned with the axis of the central shaft 27, the inner opening of the suction ring 12 is a concave spigot 29 recessed forward, and the central shaft 27 is provided with a convex spigot 30 matched with the concave spigot 29. The position between the two is fixed through the spigot structure, meanwhile, as the differential is in a rotating state, the radial force generated by the electromagnetic coil 11 sucking the suction ring 12 can be transmitted to the shell 1 through the spigot structure, and therefore the phenomenon that the pull rod 13 is damaged due to the fact that the pull rod is distorted and deformed due to the radial force is effectively avoided.

In addition, in order to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the front half shaft helical teeth 2, the rear half shaft helical teeth 3, the front planetary gears 4, the rear planetary gears 5 and the locking ring 8 in the later period, the shell 1 of the invention is a sectional structure, and the specific embodiment thereof is as follows: casing 1 is including preceding shell 31, mesochite 32 and backshell 33, and the preceding terminal surface of mesochite 32 passes through fastener and preceding shell 31 fixed connection, fastener and backshell 33 fixed connection are passed through to the rear end face, just the cavity is enclosed by the hole of preceding shell 31, mesochite 32 and backshell 33, preceding semi-axis helical tooth 2 and preceding planetary gear 4 set up in the front on the hole of shell 31, rear semi-axis helical tooth 3 sets up in the hole of backshell 33, rear planetary gear 5 sets up on mesochite 32, and, straight-teeth 7 is seted up on mesochite 32.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.