阅读说明：本技术 基于倾斜摄影技术的道路有效土方量计算方法 (Road effective earth volume calculation method based on oblique photography technology ) 是由 徐宁 李印冬 杨华杰 王银武 龙也 于 2020-06-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于倾斜摄影技术的道路有效土方量计算方法,本方法采用无人机对道路区域进行拍摄,获得初步倾斜摄影数据,生成初始倾斜摄影三维实景模型；将高程数据录入道路设计模型中；根据高程数据在道路设计模型中生成初始路基横断面图；道路施工完成后生成施工后的倾斜摄影三维实景模型；将施工后的高程数据替换道路设计模型中的高程数据,生成施工后的路基横断面图；按同桩号生成路基横断面比较图,计算有效挖、填土方横断面面积；根据有效挖、填土方横断面面积及距离,计算有效挖、填土方量,各路段有效挖、填土方量之和即为道路有效土方量。本方法提高道路土方量计算的科学性和合理性,为道路工程的预算和结算提供可靠的依据。(The invention discloses a road effective earth volume calculation method based on oblique photography technology, which adopts an unmanned aerial vehicle to shoot a road area, obtains preliminary oblique photography data and generates an initial oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model; inputting the elevation data into a road design model; generating an initial roadbed cross sectional diagram in a road design model according to elevation data; after the road construction is finished, generating a constructed oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model; replacing the elevation data in the road design model with the constructed elevation data to generate a constructed roadbed cross section diagram; generating a roadbed cross section comparison diagram according to the same pile number, and calculating the cross section area of the effective excavated and filled earth; and calculating effective excavation and earth filling amount according to the cross section area and the distance of the effective excavation and earth filling, wherein the sum of the effective excavation and earth filling amount of each road section is the effective earth volume of the road. The method improves the scientificity and rationality of road earth volume calculation and provides reliable basis for budget and settlement of road engineering.)

1. A road effective earth volume calculation method based on oblique photography technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

collecting and arranging road geographic position data and a road construction drawing;

determining an aerial route and aerial parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to site survey and an electronic map, shooting by the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the aerial route and the aerial parameters to obtain preliminary oblique photography data of each partition, removing unnecessary and redundant data by using aerial photography pos data, and generating an initial oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model of each partition of a shooting area;

step three, closing the molds of the three-dimensional live-action models of the oblique photography of each subarea, importing the three-dimensional live-action models of each subarea into three-maintenance editing software, and determining a continuous number and two same special coordinate points of adjacent subareas; completing mold assembly of the oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model according to two identical special coordinate points; processing the overlapped part after die assembly by using pos data to enable the three-dimensional real-scene models of adjacent subareas to be combined seamlessly; by analogy, the die assembly of the whole oblique photography area is completed;

fourthly, inputting elevation data into a road design model at a certain interval in a road area according to the elevation data on the initial oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model, and establishing the road design model according to a road construction drawing;

fifthly, generating an initial roadbed cross sectional diagram in the road design model according to the elevation data of the initial oblique photography three-dimensional real scene model;

step six, completing road construction according to the road construction drawing, and generating a constructed oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model according to the step two after the construction is completed;

step seven, replacing the elevation data in the road design model with the constructed elevation data according to the constructed oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model, and generating a constructed roadbed cross section diagram without constructing or replacing the elevation data which is not in the construction range;

step eight, generating a roadbed cross section comparison diagram by using the initial roadbed cross section diagram and the constructed roadbed cross section diagram according to the same pile number, wherein the roadbed cross section comparison diagram comprises an original terrain ground line and a constructed terrain ground line;

step nine, setting effective boundaries calculated by taking the top of the road bed slope to the toe as the earth volume, excavating the square with the design elevation and above as the effective boundaries, and filling the square with the design elevation and below as the effective boundaries;

step ten, calculating the cross section areas of effective excavation and earth filling in the road construction area range between the original terrain ground line and the constructed terrain ground line in all the roadbed cross section comparison diagrams;

step eleven, calculating the effective excavation and filling volume according to the formula (1) according to the effective excavation and filling cross section areas of the adjacent cross sections;

V_{digging and filling}＝∫∫f(x，y)dxdy×∫f(x，y，r)dx (1)

In the formula: v_{Digging and filling}Is effective excavation and fill-up volume, integral multiple f (x, y) dxdy is effective excavation and fill-up cross section area, integral multiple f (x, y, r) dx is distance or stake number difference of adjacent cross sections, x is value of x axis in coordinate system, y is value of y axis in coordinate system, r is curve radius or curvature radius of turning road section;

and step twelve, the sum of the effective earth digging and filling amount of each road section is the effective earth volume of the road.

2. The oblique photography technique-based road effective earth volume calculation method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the second step, the aerial photographing parameters comprise aerial photographing height and speed, the aerial photographing height and speed are set according to the distribution condition of buildings in the field photographing area, the unmanned aerial vehicle test flight is set according to the preliminarily set aerial photographing route and parameters, the aerial photographing route and parameter setting are adjusted according to the test flight result, photographing is carried out according to the adjusted aerial photographing route and parameters, and preliminary oblique photographing data are obtained.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering, in particular to a road effective earth volume calculation method based on an oblique photography technology.

Background

The existing methods for calculating or determining the earth volume of the road are various, but most of the existing methods have single factors considered in the calculation process of the earth volume, so that the existing methods are difficult to popularize and use. For example, two earth volume determination methods commonly used in engineering are: 1) determining the design earth volume of the project according to the survey data and the setting of technical parameters in the design process; 2) the actual amount of earth generated during construction. The design earth volume is influenced by multiple factors such as survey data, technical parameters, design software and experience of designers, so that the earth volume has a large error with the actual situation. The results of actual earth volume are difficult to be trusted due to overfilling, overbilling and the like in the construction process. The two earth volume determination modes are complex to operate, low in efficiency and poor in accuracy, and the budget and settlement of road engineering are seriously influenced.

Oblique photography has become more and more widely used in the fields of measurement, survey, design, etc. of municipal infrastructure as a high and new technology developed in the field of surveying and mapping in recent years. The oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model is established by adopting unmanned aerial vehicle shooting, so that topographic data information can be provided for road earthwork calculation, the construction condition of a road can be reflected, and calculation basis is provided for road earthwork calculation. Therefore, the accuracy of the road earth volume calculation result is greatly affected by reasonable excavation, earth fill volume calculation range, calculation accuracy, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a road effective earth volume calculation method based on oblique photography technology, which overcomes the defects of the traditional road earth volume calculation mode, improves the scientificity and rationality of road earth volume calculation, improves the calculation precision and the operation efficiency, and provides an effective and reliable basis for the budget and settlement of road engineering.

In order to solve the technical problem, the method for calculating the effective earth volume of the road based on the oblique photography technology comprises the following steps:

collecting and arranging road geographic position data and a road construction drawing;

determining an aerial route and aerial parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to site survey and an electronic map, shooting by the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the aerial route and the aerial parameters to obtain preliminary oblique photography data of each partition, removing unnecessary and redundant data by using aerial photography pos data, and generating an initial oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model of each partition of a shooting area;

step three, closing the molds of the three-dimensional live-action models of the oblique photography of each subarea, importing the three-dimensional live-action models of each subarea into three-maintenance editing software, and determining a continuous number and two same special coordinate points of adjacent subareas; completing mold assembly of the oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model according to two identical special coordinate points; processing the overlapped part after die assembly by using pos data to enable the three-dimensional real-scene models of adjacent subareas to be combined seamlessly; by analogy, the die assembly of the whole oblique photography area is completed;

fourthly, inputting elevation data into a road design model at a certain interval in a road area according to the elevation data on the initial oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model, and establishing the road design model according to a road construction drawing;

fifthly, generating an initial roadbed cross sectional diagram in the road design model according to the elevation data of the initial oblique photography three-dimensional real scene model;

step six, completing road construction according to the road construction drawing, and generating a constructed oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model according to the step two after the construction is completed;

step seven, replacing the elevation data in the road design model with the constructed elevation data according to the constructed oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model, and generating a constructed roadbed cross section diagram without constructing or replacing the elevation data which is not in the construction range;

step eight, generating a roadbed cross section comparison diagram by using the initial roadbed cross section diagram and the constructed roadbed cross section diagram according to the same pile number, wherein the roadbed cross section comparison diagram comprises an original terrain ground line and a constructed terrain ground line;

step nine, setting effective boundaries calculated by taking the top of the road bed slope to the toe as the earth volume, excavating the square with the design elevation and above as the effective boundaries, and filling the square with the design elevation and below as the effective boundaries;

step ten, calculating the cross section areas of effective excavation and earth filling in the road construction area range between the original terrain ground line and the constructed terrain ground line in all the roadbed cross section comparison diagrams;

step eleven, calculating the effective excavation and filling volume according to the formula (1) according to the effective excavation and filling cross section areas of the adjacent cross sections;

V_{digging and filling}＝∫∫f(x，y)dxdy×∫f(x，y，r)dx (1)

In the formula: v_{Digging and filling}Is effective excavation and fill-up volume, integral multiple f (x, y) dxdy is effective excavation and fill-up cross section area, integral multiple f (x, y, r) dx is distance or stake number difference of adjacent cross sections, x is value of x axis in coordinate system, y is value of y axis in coordinate system, r is curve radius or curvature radius of turning road section;

and step twelve, the sum of the effective earth digging and filling amount of each road section is the effective earth volume of the road.

Further, in the second step, the aerial photography parameters comprise aerial photography height and speed, the aerial photography parameters are set according to the distribution situation of buildings in the site shooting area, the unmanned aerial vehicle test flight is set according to the preliminarily set aerial photography route and parameters, the aerial photography route and parameter setting are adjusted according to the test flight result, the aerial photography is carried out according to the adjusted aerial photography route and parameters, and preliminary oblique photography data are obtained.

The method for calculating the effective earth volume of the road based on the oblique photography technology adopts the technical scheme, namely the method collects the geographic position data and the construction drawing of the road, adopts the unmanned aerial vehicle to shoot the road area to obtain the preliminary oblique photography data and generates the initial oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model of the shot area; inputting elevation data into a road design model at a certain interval in a road area; generating an initial roadbed cross sectional diagram in a road design model according to elevation data; after the road construction is finished, generating a constructed oblique photography three-dimensional live-action model; replacing the elevation data in the road design model with the constructed elevation data to generate a constructed roadbed cross section diagram; generating a roadbed cross section comparison diagram according to the same pile number, setting an effective boundary for earth volume calculation, and calculating the cross section area of effective excavation and earth filling; and calculating effective excavation and earth filling amount according to the cross section area and the distance of the effective excavation and earth filling, wherein the sum of the effective excavation and earth filling amount of each road section is the effective earth volume of the road. The method overcomes the defects of the traditional road earth volume calculation mode, improves the scientificity and rationality of road earth volume calculation, improves the calculation precision and the operation efficiency, and provides an effective and reliable basis for the budget and settlement of road engineering.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a method for calculating effective earth volume of a road based on oblique photography.

Detailed Description