Optical element, camera module, terminal and processing method of optical element
阅读说明:本技术 一种光学元件、摄像头模组、终端和光学元件的加工方法 (Optical element, camera module, terminal and processing method of optical element ) 是由 叶海水 元军 於丰 于 2019-03-30 设计创作,主要内容包括:本申请实施例提供一种光学元件、摄像头模组、终端和光学元件的加工方法,涉及终端技术领域,能够增大减反射膜与光学元件主体之间的结合强度,增大减反射膜的耐刮擦性能,防止减反射膜脱落。该光学元件包括光学元件主体和减反射膜,所述减反射膜设置于光线经过的所述光学元件主体的至少一个表面,所述减反射膜配置为减小所述至少一个表面的光反射率,所述减反射膜与所述光学元件主体一体成型。本申请实施例提供的光学元件用于终端内的摄像头模组。(The embodiment of the application provides an optical element, a camera module, a terminal and an optical element processing method, relates to the technical field of terminals, and can increase the bonding strength between an antireflection film and an optical element main body, increase the scratch resistance of the antireflection film and prevent the antireflection film from falling off. The optical element comprises an optical element main body and an antireflection film, wherein the antireflection film is arranged on at least one surface of the optical element main body, through which light passes, the antireflection film is configured to reduce the light reflectivity of the at least one surface, and the antireflection film is integrally formed with the optical element main body. The optical element provided by the embodiment of the application is used for the camera module in the terminal.)
1. An optical element comprising an optical element body and an antireflection film provided to at least one surface of the optical element body through which light passes, the antireflection film being configured to reduce a light reflectance of the at least one surface, the antireflection film being integrally formed with the optical element body.
2. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the antireflection film comprises a plurality of protrusions arranged on one surface of the optical element body in an array, and a distance W between central axes of any two adjacent protrusions is smaller than or equal to a minimum value in a visible light wavelength band.
3. An optical element as recited in claim 2, wherein said protrusion has a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from an end proximate said optical element body to an end distal from said optical element body.
4. An optical element as recited in claim 3, wherein said protrusions are cone-shaped protrusions, and a distance d between ends of any two adjacent protrusions close to said optical element main body is equal to a straight distance d between ends of said protrusions close to said optical element main bodyDiameter d10 to 0.3 times of the diameter d of the end of the protrusion remote from the optical element body2The diameter d of one end of the bulge close to the optical element main body10-0.5 times of the total weight of the optical element, wherein the material of the protrusion is the same as that of the optical element main body.
5. An optical element as recited in any one of claims 1-4, wherein said at least one surface is further provided with a protrusion, said protrusion is located at the edge of said antireflection film, and the height h of said protrusion is2Is greater than the thickness h of the antireflection film.
6. The optical element of claim 5, wherein the boss is an annular boss disposed around the periphery of the antireflection film.
7. An optical element as recited in claim 5 or 6, wherein said height h of said mesa2The difference between the thickness h of the antireflection film and the thickness h of the antireflection film is 0-10 mu m.
8. An optical element as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the boss is integrally formed with the optical element body.
9. The optical element according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the distance W between the central axes of any two adjacent protrusions is 1/5 to 1/3 times the minimum value in the visible light wavelength range.
10. The optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the optical element body is an optical protection window of a camera module, and at least an outer surface of the optical protection window is provided with the antireflection film.
11. An optical element as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the protrusion isA conical projection having a diameter d near one end of the optical element body140nm to 250nm, the height h of the protrusions1150nm to 350nm, the height-width ratio α of the protrusions is more than 3, α is h1/d1。
12. A camera module, characterized by comprising at least one optical element and an image sensor, wherein the optical element is the optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 11, at least one of the optical element and the image sensor are sequentially arranged along an optical axis direction of the camera module, and the at least one optical element is located on a light incident side of the image sensor.
13. A terminal, characterized by comprising a terminal body, a camera module and a circuit board, wherein the camera module is the camera module of claim 12, the camera film group is disposed on the terminal body, the circuit board is disposed in the terminal body, and an image sensor of the camera module is electrically connected to the circuit board.
14. A method of manufacturing an optical element, the optical element including an optical element body and an antireflection film provided to at least one surface of the optical element body through which light passes, the antireflection film being configured to reduce a light reflectance of the at least one surface, the method comprising:
integrally molding the optical element main body and the antireflection film.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein said integrally forming said optical element body and said antireflection film comprises:
and integrally forming the optical element main body and the antireflection film by adopting a one-step forming process.
16. The manufacturing method of claim 15, wherein said integrally molding said optical element body and said antireflection film by a one-step molding process comprises:
and integrally forming the optical element main body and the antireflection film by adopting a compression molding process.
17. The manufacturing method of claim 14, wherein the antireflection film comprises a plurality of protrusions arranged on the at least one surface in an array, a distance W between central axes of any two adjacent protrusions is smaller than or equal to a minimum value in a visible light wavelength range, and the integrally molding the optical element body and the antireflection film comprises:
integrally molding the optical element main body and the antireflection film base layer, wherein the antireflection film base layer is positioned on at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes;
and etching the antireflection film base layer by adopting an etching process to form the antireflection film.
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of terminals, in particular to an optical element, a camera module, a terminal and a processing method of the optical element.
Background
At present, the photographing quality of the terminal is remarkably improved along with the structural improvement of an image sensor and a lens, but the terminal still has obvious ghost or glare when photographing in certain environments (such as sunny sun or night street lamps), and the photographing quality is low at the moment. The generation mechanism of ghost and glare is that stray light generated by single or multiple reflections of scene light on the surface of an optical element or a mechanical part of a camera module reaches an image sensor, and interference is caused to light which is directly transmitted to the image sensor by the optical element in the scene light. Therefore, the reflectivity of the scene light on the surface of the optical element is reduced, and the aims of reducing stray light and weakening ghost and glare can be achieved.
In order to reduce the reflectivity of the scenery light on the surface of the optical element, an antireflection film can be attached to the surface of the optical element, the antireflection film is used for reducing the light reflectivity on the surface of the optical element, but the antireflection film is generally attached to the surface of the optical element in an adhesive manner, the adhesive strength during adhesion is low, the bonding strength between the antireflection film and the optical element is weak, and the antireflection film is easily scratched on the whole from the optical element under the action of external force scraping.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an optical element, a camera module, a terminal and an optical element processing method, which can increase the bonding strength between an antireflection film and an optical element main body, improve the scratch resistance of the antireflection film and prevent the antireflection film from falling off.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical element, including an optical element body and an antireflection film disposed on at least one surface of the optical element body through which light passes, the antireflection film being configured to reduce light reflectivity of the at least one surface, the antireflection film being integrally formed with the optical element body.
Compared with the prior art, according to the optical element provided by the embodiment of the application, because the optical element comprises the optical element main body and the antireflection film, the antireflection film is arranged on at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes, the antireflection film is configured to reduce the light reflectivity of the at least one surface, and the antireflection film and the optical element main body are integrally formed, in this way, the antireflection film and the optical element main body are processed by one substrate, so that the bonding strength between the optical element main body and the antireflection film is high, and the antireflection film is not easy to be scratched off from the optical element main body in the whole under the action of external force scratching, and therefore, the scratch resistance of the antireflection film is excellent.
Optionally, the antireflection film includes a plurality of protrusions arranged in an array on at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes, and a distance W between central axes of any two adjacent protrusions is smaller than or equal to a minimum value in a visible light wavelength band. Because the distance W between the central axes of any two adjacent bulges is smaller than or equal to the minimum value in the visible light wavelength section, the plurality of bulges included by the antireflection film and the air filled between the two adjacent bulges can be used as a medium layer with a certain effective refractive index, and the effective refractive index of the medium layer can be adjusted to be between the refractive index of the optical element main body and the refractive index of the air by reasonably designing the proportion of the air in the medium layer, so that the light waves reflected by the incident light between the air and the medium layer and the interface between the medium layer and the optical element main body can be mutually interfered, the reflectivity of the optical element is reduced, and the aims of weakening ghost and glare can be achieved.
Alternatively, the cross-sectional area of the protrusion gradually decreases from the end near the optical element body to the end away from the optical element body. The proportion of air in a medium layer formed by the plurality of bulges and the air filled between the two adjacent bulges is gradually increased from one end close to the optical element main body to one end far away from the optical element main body, the effective refractive index of the medium layer is gradually reduced, and the medium layer with the continuously changed effective refractive index can effectively reduce the reflectivity of the optical element, so that the aim of weakening ghost and glare can be achieved.
Optionally, the protrusions are conical protrusions, and the distance d between the ends of any two adjacent protrusions close to the optical element main body is the diameter d of the end of the protrusion close to the optical element main body10 to 0.3 times of the diameter d of the end of the protrusion away from the optical element body2Is the diameter d of the end of the projection close to the optical element body10-0.5 times of the total weight of the optical element, and the material of the protrusion is the same as that of the optical element main body. Because any two adjacent convex supportsThe distance d between one end of the low beam optical element main body is the diameter d of one end of the bulge close to the optical element main body10 to 0.3 times of the diameter d of the end of the protrusion away from the optical element body2Is the diameter d of the end of the projection close to the optical element body1From the end close to the optical element body to the end far from the optical element body, the proportion of air in the medium layer composed of a plurality of protrusions and air filled between two adjacent protrusions is continuously increased from 0 to 1 approximately, the effective refractive index of the medium layer is continuously reduced from the material refractive index of the protrusions to the refractive index of air approximately, and the material refractive index of the protrusions is equal to the material refractive index of the optical element body because the material of the protrusions is the same as that of the optical element body, so that from the end close to the optical element body to the end far from the optical element body, the effective refractive index of the medium layer composed of a plurality of protrusions and air filled between two adjacent protrusions is continuously reduced from the material refractive index of the optical element body to the refractive index of air approximately, and between the medium layer and air, Interfaces with jump refractive index do not exist in the medium layer and between the medium layer and the optical element main body, so that the light reflectivity of the optical element can be further reduced, and the aims of weakening ghost and glare can be achieved.
Optionally, at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes is further provided with a boss, the boss is located at the edge of the antireflection film, and the height h of the boss2Greater than the thickness h of the antireflection film. Like this, the boss can play certain guard action to the antireflection coating, avoids external article to collide the antireflection coating, simultaneously because the boss is located the border of antireflection coating, therefore the boss can not cause the influence to the antireflection characteristic of antireflection coating.
Optionally, the boss is an annular boss, and the annular boss is arranged around the edge of the antireflection film. Like this, the boss can be protected this antireflection coating by antireflection coating's border a week to effectively avoid external article to collide antireflection coating.
Optionally, the height h of the boss2The difference between the thickness h of the antireflection film and the thickness h of the film is 0 mum to 10 mu m. Like this, the height of boss is moderate, when effectively protecting antireflection coating, avoids the boss to lead to optical element great in camera module's occupation space because of highly too high.
Optionally, the boss is integrally formed with the optical element body. Thus, the bonding strength between the boss and the optical element main body is high, and the boss is not easy to fall off from the optical element main body.
Optionally, the boss and the optical element main body are integrally formed by a compression molding process, and a chamfer is arranged at a corner between the side face of the boss facing the antireflection film and the end face of the boss far away from the optical element main body. Thus, when the boss and the optical element main body are integrally molded by adopting a compression molding process, the demolding operation is convenient. In some embodiments, the chamfer is a circular arc chamfer having a radius of 0 μm to 50 μm.
Optionally, the distance W between the central axes of any two adjacent protrusions is 1/5-1/3 times of the minimum value in the visible light wavelength range. Like this, the distance between two adjacent bellied axis is moderate, and optical element's incident beam will not discern the unsmooth shape on antireflection film surface, but will this antireflection film discernment be effective refracting index and produce the medium layer that changes, avoids bellied density great in the antireflection film and has increased antireflection film's cost of manufacture and the processing degree of difficulty simultaneously.
Optionally, the optical element main body is an optical protection window, a lens or an infrared cut-off filter of the camera module.
In some embodiments, the optical element body is an optical protection window of the camera module, and at least an antireflection film is disposed on an outer surface of the optical protection window. Because in the camera module at terminal, the surface and the external world contact of optics protection window, consequently set up this antireflection coating with optics protection window integrated into one piece on the surface of optics protection window, can effectively prevent that antireflection coating from droing, keep optical element's structural integrity.
Alternatively, the protrusions are tapered structures including, but not limited to, conical structures, quadrangular pyramid structures, and hexagonal pyramid structures. In some embodiments, the tapered structure is a conical structure.
Optionally, the protrusion is a conical protrusion, and the diameter d of the protrusion near one end of the optical element main body140nm to 250nm, and a height h of the protrusion1150 nm-350 nm, high height-width ratio α > 3, α ═ h1/d1. Therefore, the proportion of air in the dielectric layer where the antireflection film is located is continuously changed from 0 to 1 from one end close to the optical element main body to one end far away from the optical element main body, the reduction speed of the effective refractive index is gentle, the reflectivity of the optical element can be effectively reduced, and the aims of weakening ghost and glare are fulfilled.
Optionally, the total light transmittance of both the optical element main body and the antireflection film is greater than 90%. Thus, the optical element main body and the antireflection film are excellent in light transmittance.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, which includes at least one optical element and an image sensor, where the optical element is the optical element according to any one of the above technical solutions, the at least one optical element and the image sensor are sequentially arranged along an optical axis direction of the camera module, and the at least one optical element is located on a light incident side of the image sensor.
Since the optical element used in the camera module of the embodiment of the present application is the same as the optical element provided in each of the embodiments of the optical element described above, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same intended effect.
The third aspect, this application embodiment provides a terminal, including terminal body, camera module and circuit board, the camera module is as above technical scheme the camera module, the camera membrane group sets up on the terminal body, the circuit board sets up in the terminal body, the image sensor and the circuit board electricity of camera module are connected.
Because the camera module used in the terminal of the embodiment of the application is the same as the camera module provided in the embodiment of the camera module, the camera module and the camera module can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same expected effect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for processing an optical element, where the optical element includes an optical element main body and an antireflection film disposed on at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes, and the antireflection film is configured to reduce a light reflectance of the at least one surface, the method for processing an optical element includes: the optical element main body and the antireflection film are integrally formed.
According to the processing method of the optical element, the optical element main body and the antireflection film are integrally formed, and during integral forming, materials of the antireflection film and materials of the optical element main body can mutually permeate to form a whole, so that the bonding strength of the optical element main body and the antireflection film is high, the antireflection film is not easy to be scraped off from the optical element main body in the whole under the action of external force scraping, and the scraping resistance of the antireflection film is high.
Optionally, integrally molding the optical element main body and the antireflection film includes: and integrally forming the optical element main body and the antireflection film by adopting a one-step forming process. Therefore, the optical element main body and the antireflection film can be formed simultaneously by one-time processing, so that the manufacturing process is simple and the operation is convenient.
Alternatively, the one-shot molding process includes, but is not limited to, an injection molding process and a compression molding process.
Optionally, the integrally forming the optical element main body and the antireflection film by using a one-step forming process includes: and integrally forming the optical element main body and the antireflection film by adopting a compression molding process. The compression molding process is mature and the manufacture is convenient.
Optionally, the antireflection film includes a plurality of protrusions arranged in an array on at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes, a distance W between central axes of any two adjacent protrusions is less than or equal to a minimum value in a visible light wavelength band, and the optical element main body and the antireflection film are integrally formed to include: integrally forming the optical element main body and the antireflection film base layer, wherein the antireflection film base layer is positioned on at least one surface of the optical element main body through which light passes; and etching the antireflection film base layer by adopting an etching process to form the antireflection film.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first optical element provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first optical element provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antireflection film in a first optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antireflection film and a projection in a first optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third optical element provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a first method for manufacturing an optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a detailed flow chart of the process of FIG. 9 for fabricating the optical element of FIG. 2;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an optical element preform after being placed in a mold cavity in a first method for manufacturing an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of an optical element according to a first processing method of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application after an upper mold is pressed into a bushing;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element formed by a first processing method of the optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a second method of manufacturing an optical element according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating the step S102' of processing the optical element shown in FIG. 2 by the processing method shown in FIG. 14;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of an optical element main body and an antireflection film substrate formed integrally in a second processing method for an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an antireflection film base layer etched by an etching process in the second processing method of the optical element according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold used in a second method for manufacturing an optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of an antireflection film substrate layer coated with a glue according to a second processing method for an optical element provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element according to the second processing method after a mold is pressed into glue;
fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of an optical element provided in an embodiment of the present application after removal of a mold in a second processing method;
fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an etched optical element in a second processing method for an optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element cleaned in a second processing method of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides an
Compared with the prior art, according to the
The
The material of the
The
In the above embodiment, the shape of the
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional area of the
In the above embodiment, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2 or 6, at least one surface of the
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1,
In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the height h of the
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2 or 6, the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 6, the distance W between the central axes of any two
Optionally, the optical element
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the protrusions are conical protrusions, as shown in FIG. 1, and the diameter d of the
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 or 6, the total light transmittance of both the optical element
In a second aspect, as shown in fig. 7, an embodiment of the present application provides a
Since the
The at least one
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the at least one
In a third aspect, as shown in fig. 8, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, which includes a
Since the
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for processing an optical element, as shown in fig. 2 or fig. 6, where the
Note that integrally molding the
According to the processing method of the optical element provided by the embodiment of the application, the processing method of the
In some embodiments, S100 comprises: the optical element
The
Alternatively, the one-shot molding process includes, but is not limited to, an injection molding process and a compression molding process.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, integrally molding the
For example, in the optical element shown in fig. 2, the optical element
s101, the upper die a, the lower die b, and the bush c in fig. 11 are produced. The molding surface of the upper mold a has a plurality of concave surfaces corresponding to the surfaces of the plurality of
S102, as shown in fig. 11, the lower mold b and the bushing c are assembled to form a mold cavity d, and an optical element preform e is placed in the mold cavity d, wherein the material of the optical element preform e is glass, and may be other transparent materials.
S103, as shown in fig. 12, pressing the upper mold a into the bushing c, heating the upper mold a and/or the lower mold b to 600-2000 ℃ to melt the optical element preform e, and filling the material of the melted optical element preform e into the cavity d to form the optical element f.
And S104, cooling the upper die a and/or the lower die b to solidify the optical element f.
S105, the upper mold a is opened upward, and the optical element f shown in fig. 13 is taken out.
When the
When the optical element is manufactured by an injection process, taking the optical element shown in fig. 2 as an example, a mold for forming a cavity d as shown in fig. 11 is manufactured, an upper mold a, a lower mold b and a bush c as shown in fig. 11 may be combined to form the cavity d, or a mold having another shape may be used to form the cavity d. The mold has an injection hole therein through which the injection machine injects molten glass, or other transparent material such as plastic, into the mold cavity d, cools the mold to solidify the optical element, opens the mold, and can take out the optical element as shown in fig. 13.
In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 or fig. 6, the
For example, as shown in fig. 15, when the optical element shown in fig. 2 is manufactured, S102' may include the following steps:
s1021, a mold a' shown in FIG. 18 is produced. The molding surface of the mold a 'has a plurality of concave surfaces corresponding to the surfaces of the plurality of
S1022, as shown in fig. 19, a layer of glue b' is coated on the antireflection
S1023, as shown in fig. 20, pressing the mold a ' into the glue b ', and transferring the pattern on the mold a ' onto the glue b ' by ultraviolet light irradiation curing or heating curing after the mold a ' is pressed into the glue b ', according to the curing type of the glue b '.
S1024, removing the mold a ', and the structure after removing the mold a' is shown in FIG. 21.
S1025, the structure shown in fig. 21 is placed into a dry etching or wet etching device for etching, so as to remove the same thickness of material (including the material of the glue b' and the material of the antireflection film base layer) at each position of the upper surface of the structure, and obtain the optical element shown in fig. 22.
And S1026, putting the etched optical element into a cleaning solvent for cleaning to remove the excess glue, so as to obtain the optical element shown in FIG. 23.
The
In the description herein, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
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