阅读说明：本技术 一种具有荧光装饰效果的发泡陶瓷及其制备方法 (Foamed ceramic with fluorescent decorative effect and preparation method thereof ) 是由 朱志超 柯善军 马超 田维 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有荧光装饰效果的发泡陶瓷,其包括发泡陶瓷层和自下而上依次设置在所述发泡层上的荧光层和透明釉层,所述发泡陶瓷层由发泡陶瓷基材层和设置在所述发泡陶瓷基材层表面的陶瓷连接层组成,所述透明釉层由低温透明熔块组成,所述荧光层由低温透明熔块和荧光粉的混合物组成,所述发泡陶瓷层经高温烧制成型,所述荧光层和透明釉层由低温二次烧制成型。本发明通过发泡陶瓷各层结构的调整和特殊设置,利用陶瓷连接层、荧光层和透明釉层的复合结构,实现了将荧光粉与发泡陶瓷基材层紧密结合的目的,从而赋予了该发泡陶瓷发色良好且高效持久的荧光装饰效果。本发明的制备方法工艺简单、可控性强、稳定性高,有利于大规模工业化生产。(The invention discloses a foamed ceramic with a fluorescent decorative effect, which comprises a foamed ceramic layer, and a fluorescent layer and a transparent glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the foamed layer from bottom to top, wherein the foamed ceramic layer consists of a foamed ceramic substrate layer and a ceramic connecting layer arranged on the surface of the foamed ceramic substrate layer, the transparent glaze layer consists of low-temperature transparent frits, the fluorescent layer consists of a mixture of the low-temperature transparent frits and fluorescent powder, the foamed ceramic layer is formed by high-temperature firing, and the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer are formed by low-temperature secondary firing. According to the invention, through the adjustment and special arrangement of each layer structure of the foamed ceramic, the composite structure of the ceramic connecting layer, the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer is utilized, the purpose of tightly combining the fluorescent powder and the foamed ceramic substrate layer is realized, and thus the foamed ceramic is endowed with a fluorescent decorative effect which is good in color development, high in efficiency and durable. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, strong controllability and high stability, and is favorable for large-scale industrial production.)

1. A foamed ceramic with fluorescent decorative effect is characterized in that: the ceramic tile comprises a foaming ceramic layer, and a fluorescent layer and a transparent glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the foaming layer from bottom to top, wherein the foaming ceramic layer is composed of a foaming ceramic substrate layer and a ceramic connecting layer arranged on the surface of the foaming ceramic substrate layer, the transparent glaze layer is composed of low-temperature transparent frits, the fluorescent layer is composed of a mixture of the low-temperature transparent frits and fluorescent powder, the foaming ceramic layer is formed by high-temperature firing, and the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer are formed by low-temperature secondary firing.

2. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic connecting powder in the ceramic connecting layer comprises 55-58% of SiO in percentage by weight of chemical components₂16 to 19% of Al₂O₃10-12% CaO, 5-8% MgO, 2-3% K₂O, 3-5% of Na₂O, 1-2% LiO₂。

3. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature transparent frit comprises 42-45% of SiO in percentage by weight of chemical components₂9 to 13% of Al₂O₃6-9% CaO, 0-1% MgO, 1-3% K₂O, 1-3% of Na₂O and 1-2% LiO₂And 25-30% of B₂O₃。

4. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the foaming ceramic powder of the foaming ceramic substrate layer comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of polished tile waste residues, 5-10 parts of clay, 5-15 parts of albite, 5-10 parts of talc, 5-15 parts of quartz sand and 0.2-1 part of foaming agent.

5. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 4, wherein: the foaming agent is 1000-1500 meshes of silicon carbide.

6. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the mixing ratio of the low-temperature transparent frit and the fluorescent powder in the fluorescent layer in parts by weight is (3-5): 3.

7. the foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the firing temperature for high-temperature firing molding is 1100-1150 ℃.

8. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the firing temperature of the low-temperature secondary firing forming is 700-800 ℃.

9. The foamed ceramic having a fluorescent decorative effect of claim 1, wherein: the fluorescent powder is alkaline earth aluminate fluorescent powder.

10. The preparation method of the foamed ceramic with the fluorescent decorative effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following process steps:

1) mixing and ball-milling the raw materials of the foamed ceramic substrate layer, spreading the mixture in a refractory grinding tool after spray drying, mixing and spreading the raw materials of the ceramic connecting layer on foamed ceramic powder, and then firing and molding at high temperature to obtain a foamed ceramic layer;

2) on the surface of the foamed ceramic layer, the raw material of the fluorescent layer is firstly distributed, then the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is distributed, and then the finished product is obtained by low-temperature secondary firing forming.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of foamed ceramics, in particular to foamed ceramics with a fluorescent decorative effect and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The foamed ceramic has the advantages of light weight, fire resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation and the like, is easy to process, has low cost, is simple to construct, and the like, is widely applied to building energy conservation, industrial heat preservation and waterproof engineering, and is gradually valued as an energy-saving and consumption-reducing green material.

With the gradual rise of the fabricated building in China, most of materials are plates such as calcium silicate boards, ceramic materials are rarely adopted, the building industry may be greatly impacted, and the light material foamed ceramic can be well applied to the fabricated building as a wall material. But at present, the problem that is difficult to solve is that the foamed ceramics has single decorative effect, and has a very big difference compared with the rich decorative effect of the traditional architectural ceramics, and the foamed ceramics directly has paint coating decoration, ceramic tile attaching decoration and the foamed ceramics directly cuts to form a certain pattern as the decorative material at present, but the decorative effect is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a foamed ceramic with a fluorescent decorative effect and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the foamed ceramic with the fluorescent decorative effect comprises a foamed ceramic layer, and a fluorescent layer and a transparent glaze layer which are sequentially arranged on the foamed layer from bottom to top, wherein the foamed ceramic layer is composed of a foamed ceramic substrate layer and a ceramic connecting layer arranged on the surface of the foamed ceramic substrate layer, the transparent glaze layer is composed of low-temperature transparent frits, the fluorescent layer is composed of a mixture of the low-temperature transparent frits and fluorescent powder, the foamed ceramic layer is formed by high-temperature firing, and the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer are formed by low-temperature secondary firing.

Specifically, the ceramic connecting layer is additionally arranged in the foamed ceramic layer to greatly enhance the bonding force between the fluorescent layer and the foamed ceramic substrate layer, and the transparent glaze layer is additionally arranged on the fluorescent layer to realize effective coating and color development protection on the fluorescent powder, so that the foamed ceramic has a high-efficiency and durable fluorescent decoration effect. Furthermore, the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer are covered on the foamed ceramic layer through low-temperature secondary firing molding, so that the defect of high-temperature failure of fluorescent powder caused by one-time firing of the fluorescent layer and the foamed ceramic layer is overcome, and the binding force among the fluorescent layer, the transparent layer and the foamed ceramic layer is improved. In addition, the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer both use low-temperature transparent frits as main components, so that the binding force between the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer is greatly improved.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the ceramic connecting powder in the ceramic connecting layer comprises 55-58% of SiO in percentage by weight of chemical components₂16 to 19% of Al₂O₃10-12% CaO, 5-8% MgO, 2-3% K₂O, 3-5% of Na₂O, 1-2% LiO₂. Specifically, the ceramic connecting layer is white after being fired, and can effectively reflect light penetrating through the transparent fusion block layer, so that the effect of enhancing the afterglow intensity of the fluorescent powder layer is achieved.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the low-temperature transparent frit comprises 42-45% of SiO in percentage by weight of chemical components₂9 to 13% of Al₂O₃6-9% CaO, 0-1% MgO, 1-3% K₂O, 1-3% of Na₂O and 1-2% LiO₂And 25-30% of B₂O₃。

According to the further improvement of the scheme, the foamed ceramic powder of the foamed ceramic substrate layer comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of polished tile waste residues, 5-10 parts of clay, 5-15 parts of albite, 5-10 parts of talc, 5-15 parts of quartz sand and 0.2-1 part of foaming agent. Specifically, the prepared foamed ceramic has uniform and controllable internal pores and compressive strength of more than 4 MPa.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the foaming agent is 1000-1500 meshes of silicon carbide. Specifically, 1000-1500 meshes of silicon carbide is used, so that internal pores of the foamed ceramic are uniform and controllable at a proper firing temperature.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the mixing ratio of the low-temperature transparent frit and the fluorescent powder in the fluorescent layer in parts by weight is (3-5): 3. specifically, the initial afterglow intensity of the fluorescent decorative layer is more than or equal to 3000mcd/m according to the proportion in the range²And still maintain 600mcd/m after 30min²The above afterglow intensity.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the firing temperature of the high-temperature firing forming is 1100-1150 ℃. Specifically, the volume density of the foamed ceramic layer can be controlled to be 400-650 Kg/m by adjusting the firing temperature³In the meantime.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the firing temperature of the low-temperature secondary firing forming is 700-800 ℃. Specifically, the phosphor can be fused with the low-temperature transparent frit in the firing temperature range, and the low-temperature transparent frit and the intermediate connection layer are well combined together.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the phosphor is an alkaline earth aluminate phosphor. Specifically, the alkaline earth aluminate fluorescent powder comprises at least one of yellow green fluorescent powder SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy and blue-green fluorescent powder Sr4Al14O25: Eu, Dy and blue-violet fluorescent powder CaAl2O4: Eu and Nb, and has the characteristics of high afterglow strength and long afterglow time.

The thickness of each layer of the foamed ceramic is different according to actual commodity requirements, if the thickness specification of the foamed ceramic substrate layer is set to be 30mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm and 120mm, the thickness of the ceramic connecting layer and the thickness of the transparent glaze layer are both 2-4 mm, and the thickness of the fluorescent layer is 3-5 mm.

The other technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the foamed ceramic with the fluorescent decorative effect comprises the following process steps:

1) mixing and ball-milling the raw materials of the foamed ceramic substrate layer, spreading the mixture in a refractory grinding tool after spray drying, mixing and spreading the raw materials of the ceramic connecting layer on foamed ceramic powder, and then firing and molding at high temperature to obtain a foamed ceramic layer;

2) on the surface of the foamed ceramic layer, the raw material of the fluorescent layer is firstly distributed, then the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is distributed, and then the finished product is obtained by low-temperature secondary firing forming.

The preparation process of the invention adopts secondary firing, wherein the foaming ceramic layer is formed by first firing at high temperature, and then the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer are formed by secondary firing at low temperature, so that the difficult problem of poor structural bonding force of each layer is overcome through regulation and control of a firing mechanism, the characteristics of high afterglow intensity and long afterglow time of the fluorescent powder are effectively retained, and the luminous decorative effect of the fluorescent layer is greatly improved. Further, a preferable firing mechanism of the present invention includes that the firing system of the high-temperature firing molding in step 1) is: heating from room temperature to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, heating from 400 ℃ to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, heating from 900 ℃ to the highest firing temperature at a heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 40-80 min; the firing system of the low-temperature secondary firing molding in the step 2) is as follows: and heating from room temperature to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, heating from 400 ℃ to the highest firing temperature at a heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 min.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, through the adjustment and special arrangement of each layer structure of the foamed ceramic, the composite structure of the ceramic connecting layer, the fluorescent layer and the transparent glaze layer is utilized, the purpose of tightly combining the fluorescent powder and the foamed ceramic substrate layer is realized, and thus the foamed ceramic is endowed with a fluorescent decorative effect which is good in color development, high in efficiency and durable.

The initial afterglow luminance of the foamed ceramic with the fluorescent decorative effect, which is prepared by the invention, is more than or equal to 3000mcd/m through an afterglow luminance test²After 10min, the afterglow luminance is more than or equal to 1200mcd/m²Afterglow luminance after 30min≥600mcd/m²Meanwhile, the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, strong in controllability and high in stability, and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production.

Detailed Description

The present invention is specifically described below with reference to examples in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be particularly noted that the examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, as non-essential improvements and modifications to the invention may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Meanwhile, the raw materials mentioned below are not specified in detail and are all commercial products; the process steps or preparation methods not mentioned in detail are all process steps or preparation methods known to the person skilled in the art.