阅读说明：本技术 一种大容量嵌入式锥面同步器、变速器 (Large-capacity embedded conical surface synchronizer and transmission ) 是由 魏小强 张发勇 彭立印 张海涛 田晨 高建敏 李泽 汪鹏鹏 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：为了解决大扭矩变速器齿轮寿命偏低和用户要求换挡更加轻便的技术问题,本发明提出了一种大容量嵌入式锥面同步器及采用该同步器的变速器。本发明是在齿轮总成上设置内壁为锥面的环形凸台,将同步器的外摩擦环嵌入到该环形凸台中,从而减小了同步器的轴向安装距,能够在不增大变速器总长度的情况下,增加齿轮的齿宽,提高了齿轮的弯曲疲劳和接触疲劳寿命；本发明将锁止环嵌入齿毂中,进一步减小了同步器的轴向尺寸,从而使得滑动齿套的挂挡行程减小,因而在驾驶室挂挡行程不变的情况下,能够允许变速器摇臂的长度增大,实现大的杠杆比,提高了同步器的换挡能力,降低司机的挂挡力和摘挡力,挂挡更加轻便。(The invention provides a large-capacity embedded conical synchronizer and a transmission adopting the same, and aims to solve the technical problems that the service life of a gear of a large-torque transmission is low and the gear shifting required by a user is lighter. According to the invention, the annular boss with the conical surface inner wall is arranged on the gear assembly, and the outer friction ring of the synchronizer is embedded into the annular boss, so that the axial installation distance of the synchronizer is reduced, the tooth width of the gear can be increased under the condition of not increasing the total length of the transmission, and the bending fatigue and contact fatigue life of the gear are prolonged; according to the invention, the locking ring is embedded into the gear hub, so that the axial size of the synchronizer is further reduced, and the gear engaging stroke of the sliding gear sleeve is reduced, therefore, under the condition that the gear engaging stroke of a cab is not changed, the length of the rocker arm of the transmission can be allowed to be increased, a large lever ratio is realized, the gear shifting capacity of the synchronizer is improved, the gear engaging force and the gear disengaging force of a driver are reduced, and the gear engaging is more portable.)

1. A large capacity embedded conical synchronizer;

the method is characterized in that:

comprises a gear hub (4), a sliding gear sleeve (3), a steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body (5) and a locking ring (6); the sliding gear sleeve (3) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the gear hub (4), can axially slide relative to the gear hub (4), and can axially lock with the locking ring (6) after axially sliding for a certain distance; the steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body (5) is arranged between the sliding gear sleeve (3) and the gear hub (4) and used for providing certain resistance for the sliding gear sleeve (3) and pushing the locking ring (6) to move axially when the sliding gear sleeve (3) moves axially; the locking ring (6) is nested at one end of the gear hub (4); or the locking rings are a pair and are respectively nested at two ends of the gear hub (4);

the locking ring (6) is composed of a circular bottom plate and a conical cylinder arranged in the middle of the circular bottom plate; the annular bottom plate and the conical cylinder are an integrated piece or are separated pieces which are connected together through concave-convex matching; lugs (66) protruding outwards in the radial direction are arranged on the circumferential outer side wall of the circular ring-shaped bottom plate at intervals, a plurality of clamping grooves (41) matched with the lugs (66) are arranged on the gear hub (4) at intervals, and the clamping grooves (41) are matched with the lugs (66) to enable the locking ring (6) to rotate 1/4 circumferential pitches or half tooth pitches relative to the gear hub (4); the outer ring surface (68) of the cone cylinder is a conical surface; the outer ring surface (68) of the locking ring (6) and the inner conical surface of the annular boss on the corresponding gear assembly form a friction pair.

2. The large capacity embedded cone synchronizer of claim 1, wherein:

the number of the locking rings (6) is one, and N-1 friction rings are sequentially arranged between the annular boss and the locking ring (6) from outside to inside along the radial direction; n is an odd number greater than 1; numbering the N-1 friction rings from 1 to inside along the radial direction, wherein the outer conical surfaces of the first friction rings (7) and the inner conical surfaces of the annular bosses on the gear form first friction pairs respectively, the inner conical surfaces of the first friction pairs (7) and the outer conical surfaces of the second friction rings (8) form second friction pairs respectively, and the like, and the inner conical surfaces of the N-1 friction rings and the outer annular surface (68) of the locking ring (6) form an N-1 friction pair respectively;

in the N-1 friction rings, friction rings with odd numbers are matched with the annular bottom plate of the locking ring (6) through a concave-convex structure, so that synchronous rotation is realized;

in the N-1 friction rings, the friction rings with even numbers are matched with the gears through concave-convex structures, so that synchronous rotation is realized.

3. The large capacity embedded cone synchronizer of claim 1, wherein:

the locking rings (6) are a pair, and N-1 pairs of friction rings are sequentially arranged between the annular boss and the locking rings (6) from outside to inside along the radial direction; n is an odd number greater than 1; numbering the N-1 pairs of friction rings from 1 to 1 from outside to inside along the radial direction, wherein the outer conical surfaces of a pair of first friction rings (7) and the inner conical surfaces of annular bosses on the corresponding gears respectively form a first friction pair, the inner conical surfaces of a pair of first friction pairs (7) and the outer conical surfaces of a pair of second friction rings (8) form a second friction pair, and by analogy, the inner conical surfaces of the N-1 pair of friction rings and the outer annular surfaces (68) of a pair of locking rings (6) respectively form an N-1 friction pair;

in the N-1 pairs of friction rings, the friction rings with odd numbers are matched and connected with the annular bottom plate of the locking ring (6) through a concave-convex structure, so that synchronous rotation is realized;

and in the N-1 pairs of friction rings, the friction rings with even numbers are matched and connected with the corresponding gears through concave-convex structures, so that synchronous rotation is realized.

4. A large capacity embedded cone synchronizer according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein:

the inner teeth of the sliding gear sleeve (3) comprise a long tooth group and a short tooth group; the long tooth groups and the short tooth groups are uniformly and alternately arranged along the inner circle of the sliding tooth sleeve (3);

the long tooth group comprises a plurality of standard meshing teeth (31); the standard meshing teeth (31) are used for being meshed with a combined gear ring on a corresponding gear to transmit power; both sides of the standard meshing teeth (31) in the axial direction have first chamfered slopes (311);

the short tooth group comprises a plurality of locking teeth (32); the locking teeth (32) are used for being meshed with spline locking teeth (62) of the locking ring (6) to lock; the locking tooth (32) has second chamfer slopes (321) on both sides in the axial direction;

the gear hub (4) is provided with long spline teeth (45) and short spline teeth (46) which are alternately arranged, and a groove-shaped structure (43) is formed between each short spline tooth (46) and the adjacent long spline tooth (45);

the set of locking teeth includes a plurality of splined locking teeth (62); the tooth side of the spline locking tooth (62) is provided with a slope (621), and the slope (621) is used for being in contact with a second chamfer slope (321) on the locking tooth (32); an abdicating notch (61) is formed between every two adjacent locking tooth groups, and the abdicating notch (61) is used for avoiding the interference between the locking ring (6) and the long spline teeth (45) of the gear hub (4); the lug (66) is positioned in the middle of the abdicating notch (61);

the locking ring (6) is axially nested on the gear hub (4); the spline locking teeth (62) on the locking ring (6) are positioned in the groove-shaped structure (43); the long spline teeth (45) on the gear hub (4) are positioned in the abdicating notch (61);

the plurality of locking teeth (32) can be divided into two same locking units, a limiting boss (33) is arranged between the two locking units, and the limiting boss (33) is used for being in contact with a corresponding combined gear ring so as to limit the axial movement stroke of the sliding gear sleeve (3);

correspondingly, a first yielding groove (44) is formed after a plurality of teeth are removed from corresponding positions on the gear hub (4), and a second yielding groove (63) is formed after a plurality of spline locking teeth (62) are removed from corresponding positions on the locking ring (6), so that interference with the limiting boss (33) is avoided.

5. The large capacity embedded cone synchronizer of claim 4, wherein: the outer ring surface (68) and the inner ring surface (69) are both provided with communicated lubricating oil holes (692); a radial lubricating through groove (693) is arranged on the small end face of the conical cylinder; and lubricating oil grooves are formed in the end faces of the small ends of the N-1 or N-1 pairs of friction rings.

6. The large capacity embedded cone synchronizer of claim 5, wherein: a transition fillet combined structure (694) is arranged between the outer ring surface (68) and the transition position of the circular ring-shaped bottom plate.

7. A large-capacity embedded conical surface synchronizer,

the method is characterized in that:

the sliding block comprises a gear hub (4), a sliding gear sleeve (3), a steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body (5), one/pair of locking rings (6) and N/pair of friction rings which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction; n is an even number greater than 2;

the sliding gear sleeve (3) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the gear hub (4), can axially slide relative to the gear hub (4), and can axially lock with the locking ring (6) after axially sliding for a certain distance; the steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body (5) is arranged between the sliding gear sleeve (3) and the gear hub (4) and used for providing certain resistance for the sliding gear sleeve (3) and pushing the locking ring (6) to move axially when the sliding gear sleeve (3) moves axially; when one locking ring (6) is arranged, the locking ring is nested at the end part of the gear hub (4); when the locking rings (6) are a pair, the locking rings are respectively nested at two ends of the gear hub (4);

the locking ring (6) is annular, the outer circumferential side wall of the locking ring is provided with lugs (66) which are outwards protruded along the radial direction, the gear hub (4) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (41) which are matched with the lugs (66) at intervals, and the clamping grooves (41) are matched with the lugs (66) to realize that the locking ring (6) can only rotate 1/4 circumferential pitches or half tooth pitches relative to the gear hub (4);

numbering the N/pairs of friction rings from 1 to 1 from outside to inside along the radial direction, so that the outer conical surface of one/pair of first friction rings (7) and the inner conical surface of the annular boss on the corresponding gear form a first friction pair, the inner conical surface of one/pair of first friction pairs (7) and the outer conical surface of one/pair of second friction rings (8) form a second friction pair, and so on, the inner conical surface of one/pair of N-1 friction rings and the outer conical surface of the N friction ring form an Nth friction pair;

friction rings with odd numbers in the N friction rings/friction ring pairs are matched and connected with the annular bottom plate of the locking ring (6) through a concave-convex structure, so that synchronous rotation is realized;

and in the N/pair of friction rings, the friction rings with even numbers are matched and connected with the corresponding gears through concave-convex structures, so that synchronous rotation is realized.

8. The large capacity embedded cone synchronizer of claim 7, wherein:

the inner teeth of the sliding gear sleeve (3) comprise a long tooth group and a short tooth group; the long tooth groups and the short tooth groups are uniformly and alternately arranged along the inner circle of the sliding tooth sleeve (3);

the long tooth group comprises a plurality of standard meshing teeth (31); the standard meshing teeth (31) are used for being meshed with a combined gear ring on a corresponding gear to transmit power; both sides of the standard meshing teeth (31) in the axial direction have first chamfered slopes (311);

the short tooth group comprises a plurality of locking teeth (32); the locking teeth (32) are used for being meshed with spline locking teeth (62) of the locking ring (6) to lock; the locking tooth (32) has second chamfer slopes (321) on both sides in the axial direction;

the gear hub (4) is provided with long spline teeth (45) and short spline teeth (46) which are alternately arranged, and a groove-shaped structure (43) is formed between each short spline tooth (46) and the adjacent long spline tooth (45);

the set of locking teeth includes a plurality of splined locking teeth (62); the tooth side of the spline locking tooth (62) is provided with a slope (621), and the slope (621) is used for being in contact with a second chamfer slope (321) on the locking tooth (32); an abdicating notch (61) is formed between every two adjacent locking tooth groups, and the abdicating notch (61) is used for avoiding the interference between the locking ring (6) and the long spline teeth (45) of the gear hub (4); the lug (66) is positioned in the middle of the abdicating notch (61);

the locking ring (6) is axially nested on the gear hub (4); the spline locking teeth (62) on the locking ring (6) are positioned in the groove-shaped structure (43); the long spline teeth (45) on the gear hub (4) are positioned in the abdicating notch (61);

the plurality of locking teeth (32) can be divided into two same locking units, a limiting boss (33) is arranged between the two locking units, and the limiting boss (33) is used for being in contact with a corresponding combined gear ring so as to limit the axial movement stroke of the sliding gear sleeve (3);

correspondingly, a first yielding groove (44) is formed after a plurality of teeth are removed from corresponding positions on the gear hub (4), and a second yielding groove (63) is formed after a plurality of spline locking teeth (62) are removed from corresponding positions on the locking ring (6), so that interference with the limiting boss (33) is avoided.

9. A large capacity embedded cone synchronizer according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: and lubricating oil grooves are formed in the end faces of the small ends of the N/pairs of friction rings.

10. A transmission comprising a synchronizer and a gear assembly; the method is characterized in that: the synchronizer is the large-capacity embedded conical surface synchronizer of any one of claims 1-9; the gear assembly comprises a gear and a combined gear ring; the gear and the combined gear ring are integrally forged and formed, and are fixedly connected by axial welding or radial welding; the annular boss is arranged at the belly of the gear; or the inner side wall of the combined gear ring; or one part is arranged on the belly part of the gear and the other part is arranged on the inner side wall of the combined gear ring.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a large-capacity embedded conical surface synchronizer and a transmission.

Background

With the development of a high-horsepower high-torque manual transmission, it has become extremely difficult for the conventional synchronizer to achieve a small transmission length by a small mounting distance and a shift stroke, or to increase the bending fatigue and contact fatigue life of the gears by increasing the gear width by reducing the mounting distance of the synchronizer without changing the transmission length.

In addition, the requirement of a user on the portability of gear shifting is higher and higher, a driver requires lighter gear shifting force and gear disengaging force, no impact and no pause and frustration are caused in the gear shifting process, and the driving labor intensity is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a large-capacity embedded conical synchronizer and a transmission adopting the same, and aims to solve the technical problems that the service life of a gear of a large-torque transmission is low and the gear shifting required by a user is lighter.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a large capacity embedded conical synchronizer;

the method is characterized in that:

the sliding block comprises a gear hub, a sliding gear sleeve, a steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body and a locking ring; the sliding gear sleeve is sleeved on the outer circumference of the gear hub, can axially slide relative to the gear hub, and can axially lock with the locking ring after axially sliding for a certain distance; the steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body is arranged between the sliding gear sleeve and the gear hub and used for providing certain resistance for the sliding gear sleeve and pushing the locking ring to axially move when the sliding gear sleeve axially moves; the locking ring is one and is nested at one end of the gear hub; or the locking rings are a pair and are respectively nested at two ends of the gear hub;

the locking ring is composed of a circular bottom plate and a conical cylinder arranged in the middle of the circular bottom plate; the annular bottom plate and the conical cylinder are an integrated piece or are separated pieces which are connected together through concave-convex matching; lugs protruding outwards along the radial direction are arranged on the circumferential outer side wall of the annular bottom plate at intervals, a plurality of clamping grooves used for being matched with the lugs are arranged on the gear hub at intervals, and the clamping grooves are matched with the lugs to enable the locking ring to rotate 1/4 circumferential sections or half tooth pitch relative to the gear hub; the outer ring surface of the cone cylinder is a conical surface; the outer ring surface of the locking ring and the inner conical surface of the annular boss on the corresponding gear assembly form a friction pair.

Furthermore, the number of the locking rings is one, and N-1 friction rings are sequentially arranged between the annular boss and the locking ring from outside to inside along the radial direction; n is an odd number greater than 1; numbering the N-1 friction rings from 1 to the inside in sequence along the radial direction from the outside to the inside, so that the outer conical surfaces of the first friction rings and the inner conical surfaces of the annular bosses on the gear form first friction pairs respectively, the inner conical surfaces of the first friction pairs and the outer conical surfaces of the second friction rings form second friction pairs respectively, and by analogy, the inner conical surfaces of the N-1 friction rings and the outer annular surfaces of the locking rings form an N-1 friction pair respectively;

in the N-1 friction rings, friction rings with odd numbers are matched with the annular bottom plate of the locking ring through a concave-convex structure, so that synchronous rotation is realized;

in the N-1 friction rings, the friction rings with even numbers are matched with the gears through concave-convex structures, so that synchronous rotation is realized.

Furthermore, the locking rings are a pair, and N-1 pairs of friction rings are sequentially arranged between the annular boss and the locking rings from outside to inside along the radial direction; n is an odd number greater than 1; numbering the N-1 pairs of friction rings from 1 to 1 from outside to inside along the radial direction, wherein the outer conical surfaces of a pair of first friction rings respectively form a first friction pair with the inner conical surface of the annular boss on the corresponding gear, the inner conical surfaces of a pair of first friction pairs respectively form a second friction pair with the outer conical surfaces of a pair of second friction rings, and so on, and the inner conical surfaces of the N-1 pair of friction rings respectively form an N-1 friction pair with the outer annular surfaces of a pair of locking rings;

in the N-1 pairs of friction rings, the friction rings with odd numbers are matched and connected with the annular bottom plate of the locking ring through a concave-convex structure, so that synchronous rotation is realized;

and in the N-1 pairs of friction rings, the friction rings with even numbers are matched and connected with the corresponding gears through concave-convex structures, so that synchronous rotation is realized.

Further, the inner teeth of the sliding gear sleeve comprise a long tooth group and a short tooth group; the long tooth groups and the short tooth groups are uniformly and alternately arranged along the inner circle of the sliding tooth sleeve;

the long tooth group comprises a plurality of standard meshing teeth; the standard meshing teeth are used for being meshed with the combined gear ring on the corresponding gear to transmit power; the standard meshing teeth are provided with first chamfer inclined planes at two sides in the axial direction;

the short tooth group comprises a plurality of locking teeth; the locking teeth are used for being meshed with the spline locking teeth of the locking ring to lock; the two sides of the locking tooth in the axial direction are provided with second chamfer inclined planes;

the gear hub is provided with long spline teeth and short spline teeth which are alternately arranged, and a groove-shaped structure is formed between each short spline tooth and the adjacent long spline tooth;

the locking tooth set comprises a plurality of spline locking teeth; the tooth side of the spline locking tooth is provided with an inclined surface which is used for being in contact with a second chamfer inclined surface on the locking tooth; a yielding gap is formed between every two adjacent locking tooth groups and is used for avoiding the interference between the locking ring and the long spline teeth of the gear hub; the lug is positioned in the middle of the abdication gap;

the locking ring is axially nested on the gear hub; the spline locking teeth on the locking ring are positioned in the groove-shaped structure; the long spline teeth on the gear hub are positioned in the abdicating notch;

the plurality of locking teeth can be divided into two same locking units, and a limiting boss is arranged between the two locking units and is used for contacting with a corresponding combined gear ring so as to limit the axial movement stroke of the sliding gear sleeve;

correspondingly, a first abdicating groove is formed after a plurality of teeth are removed from corresponding positions on the gear hub, and a second abdicating groove is formed after a plurality of spline locking teeth are removed from corresponding positions on the locking ring, so that interference with the limiting boss is avoided.

Further, the outer ring surface and the inner ring surface are both provided with communicated lubricating oil holes; a radial lubricating through groove is formed in the end face of the small end of the conical cylinder; and lubricating oil grooves are formed in the end faces of the small ends of the N-1 or N-1 pairs of friction rings.

Furthermore, a transition fillet combined structure is arranged between the transition position of the outer ring surface and the annular bottom plate.

The invention also provides another large-capacity embedded conical surface synchronizer,

the method is characterized in that:

the sliding block comprises a gear hub, a sliding gear sleeve, a steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body, one/pair of locking rings and N/pair of friction rings which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction; n is an even number greater than 2;

the sliding gear sleeve is sleeved on the outer circumference of the gear hub, can axially slide relative to the gear hub, and can axially lock with the locking ring after axially sliding for a certain distance; the steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body is arranged between the sliding gear sleeve and the gear hub and used for providing certain resistance for the sliding gear sleeve and pushing the locking ring to axially move when the sliding gear sleeve axially moves; when one locking ring is arranged, the locking ring is nested at the end part of the gear hub; when the locking rings are a pair, the locking rings are respectively nested at two ends of the gear hub;

the locking ring is annular, the outer side wall of the circumference of the locking ring is provided with lugs protruding outwards along the radial direction, the gear hub is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves at intervals, the clamping grooves are matched with the lugs, and the locking ring can only rotate 1/4 circumferential pitches or half tooth pitches relative to the gear hub;

numbering the N/pairs of friction rings from 1 to 1 from outside to inside along the radial direction, wherein the outer conical surface of one/pair of first friction rings and the inner conical surface of the annular boss on the corresponding gear form a first friction pair, the inner conical surface of one/pair of first friction pairs and the outer conical surface of one/pair of second friction rings form a second friction pair, and so on, the inner conical surface of one/pair of N-1 friction rings and the outer conical surface of the N friction ring form an Nth friction pair;

in the N/pairs of friction rings, the friction rings with odd numbers are matched and connected with the annular bottom plate of the locking ring through a concave-convex structure, so that synchronous rotation is realized;

and in the N/pair of friction rings, the friction rings with even numbers are matched and connected with the corresponding gears through concave-convex structures, so that synchronous rotation is realized.

Further, the inner teeth of the sliding gear sleeve comprise a long tooth group and a short tooth group; the long tooth groups and the short tooth groups are uniformly and alternately arranged along the inner circle of the sliding tooth sleeve;

the long tooth group comprises a plurality of standard meshing teeth; the standard meshing teeth are used for being meshed with the combined gear ring on the corresponding gear to transmit power; the standard meshing teeth are provided with first chamfer inclined planes at two sides in the axial direction;

the short tooth group comprises a plurality of locking teeth; the locking teeth are used for being meshed with the spline locking teeth of the locking ring to lock; the two sides of the locking tooth in the axial direction are provided with second chamfer inclined planes;

the gear hub is provided with long spline teeth and short spline teeth which are alternately arranged, and a groove-shaped structure is formed between each short spline tooth and the adjacent long spline tooth;

the locking tooth set comprises a plurality of spline locking teeth; the tooth side of the spline locking tooth is provided with an inclined surface which is used for being in contact with a second chamfer inclined surface on the locking tooth; a yielding gap is formed between every two adjacent locking tooth groups and is used for avoiding the interference between the locking ring and the long spline teeth of the gear hub; the lug is positioned in the middle of the abdication gap;

the locking ring is axially nested on the gear hub; the spline locking teeth on the locking ring are positioned in the groove-shaped structure; the long spline teeth on the gear hub are positioned in the abdicating notch;

the plurality of locking teeth can be divided into two same locking units, and a limiting boss is arranged between the two locking units and is used for contacting with a corresponding combined gear ring so as to limit the axial movement stroke of the sliding gear sleeve;

correspondingly, a first abdicating groove is formed after a plurality of teeth are removed from corresponding positions on the gear hub, and a second abdicating groove is formed after a plurality of spline locking teeth are removed from corresponding positions on the locking ring, so that interference with the limiting boss is avoided.

Furthermore, lubricating oil grooves are formed in the end faces of the small ends of the N/pair of friction rings.

A transmission comprising a synchronizer and a gear assembly; it is characterized in that: the synchronizer is the high-capacity embedded conical surface synchronizer; the gear assembly comprises a gear and a combined gear ring; the gear and the combined gear ring are integrally forged and formed, and are fixedly connected by axial welding or radial welding; the annular boss is arranged at the belly of the gear; or the inner side wall of the combined gear ring; or one part is arranged on the belly part of the gear and the other part is arranged on the inner side wall of the combined gear ring.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. in the prior art, a conical surface body is arranged on a combined gear ring, and an inner conical surface of an inner friction ring of a synchronizer is matched with a conical surface body of a pair of combined gear rings to form a pair of friction pairs; the annular boss with the conical inner wall is arranged on the gear web plate, and the outer friction ring of the synchronizer is embedded into the annular boss, so that the axial installation distance of the synchronizer is reduced, the tooth width of the gear can be increased under the condition of not increasing the total length of the transmission, and the bending fatigue and contact fatigue life of the gear are prolonged; the invention reduces the installation distance of the synchronizer, and can reduce the total length of the transmission under the condition of not changing the tooth width of the existing gear.

2. The gear hub is provided with the long spline teeth and the short spline teeth, and a space for accommodating the spline locking teeth on the locking ring can be formed between the long spline teeth and the short spline teeth, so that the locking ring can be embedded into the gear hub, the axial size of the synchronizer is further reduced, the gear engaging stroke of the sliding gear sleeve is reduced, the length of a rocker arm of the transmission can be increased under the condition that the gear engaging stroke of a cab is not changed, a large lever ratio is realized, the gear shifting capacity of the synchronizer is improved, the gear engaging force and the gear disengaging force of a driver are reduced, and the gear engaging is lighter and lighter.

3. According to the invention, the sliding gear sleeve is designed in a long-short gear separation mode, and the long gear does not participate in locking, so that the distance between the end face of the long gear and the end face of the gear ring can be smaller, and the probability of secondary ring shifting impact is reduced.

4. In the traditional scheme, the sliding gear sleeve only has long teeth, not only participates in meshing and engaging but also participates in locking, only one locking angle is provided, the requirements of reliable locking and quick entering and convenient engaging cannot be considered, and only the angle of the locking angle can be selected; the sliding gear sleeve is designed in a long-short gear separation mode, the long gear is used for meshing and engaging, the locking angle on the long gear can be smaller so as to be convenient for entering into the gear quickly, the short gear is used for locking, and the locking angle on the short gear can be larger so as to improve the locking reliability.

5. In the conventional structure, the inner conical surface of the outer friction ring is matched with the outer conical surface of the ring gear frustum to form a friction pair, as shown in fig. 34 (a); the friction pair formed by the outer conical surface of the outer friction ring and the inner conical surface of the annular boss of the gear is shown in (b) in fig. 34; compared with the traditional structure, the friction radius of the synchronizer is generally increased by about the thickness of an outer friction ring frustum, so that the friction torque is increased, the shifting performance of the synchronizer is remarkably optimized, and the synchronization capacity is larger.

6. In the traditional scheme, the combined gear ring and the gear are connected through the spline, so that the radial space of the synchronizer is limited, but the spline between the combined gear ring and the gear is eliminated, the combined gear ring and the gear are integrally forged and molded, or the combined gear ring and the gear are welded into a whole, so that the radial space is saved, and therefore, the synchronizer can be made into a multi-conical-surface structure such as a single conical surface, a double conical surface, a triple conical surface, a four conical surface, a five conical surface and the like, so that the gear shifting performance and the synchronization capacity of the synchronizer are remarkably improved.

7. The invention adopts the steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body structure, and can ensure that the steel ball and the spring cannot be separated from the sliding block body after the synchronizer is shifted, so that the sliding sleeve with smaller width can be used, and the smaller installation distance and the shifting stroke can be realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a large capacity embedded single cone synchronizer structure.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a sliding sleeve gear in the single cone synchronizer.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hub in a single-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 4 is a first structural diagram of a first structure of a lock ring in a single-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural diagram of a first structure of a lock ring in a single-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another configuration of a lock ring in a single cone synchronizer.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first gear assembly engaged with a single cone synchronizer.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second gear assembly engaged with a single cone synchronizer.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a large-capacity embedded double-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a lock ring in a double cone synchronizer.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a first friction ring in a double cone synchronizer.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a first configuration of a second friction ring in a double cone synchronizer.

FIG. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a second configuration of a second friction ring in a double cone synchronizer.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the first and second gear assemblies engaged with a dual cone synchronizer.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a high capacity embedded triple cone synchronizer configuration.

Fig. 16 is a first schematic structural diagram of a lock ring in a three-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 17 is a second schematic diagram of a lock ring in a tri-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a high capacity embedded quad cone synchronizer configuration.

FIG. 19 is a first schematic view of a lock ring in a quad cone synchronizer.

FIG. 20 is a second schematic view of the lock ring structure of the quad cone synchronizer.

FIG. 21 is a third schematic view of the lock ring structure of the quad cone synchronizer.

FIG. 22 is a first schematic view of a first gear assembly cooperating with a four cone synchronizer.

FIG. 23 is a second schematic view of the first gear assembly structure cooperating with the four cone synchronizer.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a large capacity embedded five cone synchronizer structure.

FIG. 25 is a first schematic view of the lock ring structure of the five-cone synchronizer.

FIG. 26 is a second schematic view of the lock ring structure of the five-cone synchronizer.

Fig. 27 is a schematic view of a transition radius combination on the locking ring/gear.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a friction cone ring lubrication circuit of the five cone synchronizer.

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of a precision forging forming structure of a gear and combined ring gear integrated spline.

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of a split axial welding structure of a gear and a combined gear ring.

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a split radial welding structure of a gear and a combined gear ring.

FIG. 32 is an exploded view of the five cone synchronizer.

FIG. 33 is a schematic representation of two different placement positions for the annular boss on the gear assembly of the present invention, (a) with a portion of the annular boss on the web of the gear and a portion on the inner sidewall of the mating ring gear; (b) the annular boss is positioned on the inner side wall of the combined gear ring.

FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between the friction radius of the outer friction ring in the conventional structure and the friction radius of the outer friction ring of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the friction radius of the outer friction ring in the conventional structure, and the inner conical surface of the outer friction ring is matched with the outer conical surface of the gear ring frustum to form a friction pair; (b) the outer conical surface of the outer friction ring is matched with the inner conical surface of the annular boss to form a friction pair.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a first gear assembly; 11-a first gear; 111-large rounded corners; 12-a first bonded ring gear; 121-a first coupling tooth; 13-a first annular boss; 131-an inner conical surface of the first annular boss; 14-a second groove; 15-a first limit platform; 16-a fourth groove; 17-non-enclosed groove structure; 18-a first transition fillet composite structure;

2-a second gear assembly; 21-a second gear; 211-large rounded corner; 22-a second conjoined gear ring; 221-a second coupling tooth; 23-a second annular boss; 231-a second annular boss inner conical surface; 24-a groove; 25-a second limit platform; 28-a second transition fillet composite structure;

3-sliding gear sleeve; 31-standard meshing teeth; 311-a first chamfer bevel; 32-locking teeth; 321-a second chamfer bevel; 33-a limit boss; 34-arc structure; 35-tool withdrawal groove;

4-a gear hub; 41-card slot; 42-a radial groove; 43-groove-like structure; 44-a first yielding slot; 45-long spline teeth; 46-short spline teeth;

5-steel ball spring packaging type sliding block body; 51-steel ball; 52-a spring; 53-a slide block;

6-a locking ring; 61-a yield gap; 62-spline locking teeth; 621-inclined plane; 63-a second abdicating groove; 64-round corners; 65-a first groove; 66-circumferential limit lugs; 67-flat platform; 68-outer annular surface; 69-inner ring surface; 690-a third recess; 691-closed groove construction; 692-lubricating oil holes; 693-radial lubricating through groove; 694-transition fillet composite structure; 695-arc transition structure;

7-a first friction ring; 71-a first lug; 72-a first scoop structure; 73-a first lubrication groove;

8-a second friction ring; 81-second claws; 82-a second scoop-like structure; 83-second lubrication groove; 84-sink trough like structure;

9-a third friction ring;

10-fourth friction ring.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.