阅读说明：本技术 单独易熔合金结构安全泄放装置 (Safety relief device with single fusible alloy structure ) 是由 张君鹏 韩文超 任吉超 崔栋梁 谢飞 欧三立 金志伟 韩凤娟 孙永国 于 2020-06-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种单独易熔合金结构安全泄放装置,包括承压结构,承压结构一端用于与高压管路相接,另一端用于与放空管路相接,在承压结构的两端之间设有若干个泄压孔,所有泄压孔中灌注有易熔合金。本发明通过采用采用多孔结构,与传统单孔结构相比,能够增加易熔合金成型后与孔道内表面的贴合面积,增加易熔合金部分的剪切强度,不再使用传统的爆破片结构,有效防止气瓶受火后瓶内压力不足以达到爆破片动作压力而无法泄放最终导致的失效。(The invention provides a safe relief device of an individual fusible alloy structure, which comprises a pressure-bearing structure, wherein one end of the pressure-bearing structure is connected with a high-pressure pipeline, the other end of the pressure-bearing structure is connected with an emptying pipeline, a plurality of pressure relief holes are arranged between the two ends of the pressure-bearing structure, and fusible alloy is filled in all the pressure relief holes. By adopting the porous structure, compared with the traditional single-hole structure, the invention can increase the bonding area between the formed fusible alloy and the inner surface of the pore channel, increase the shearing strength of the fusible alloy part, avoid the traditional rupture disk structure and effectively prevent the failure caused by the fact that the internal pressure of the cylinder cannot reach the action pressure of the rupture disk and cannot be released after the gas cylinder is fired.)

1. The utility model provides an individual fusible alloy structure safety relief device, includes the pressure-bearing structure, pressure-bearing structure one end is used for meeting with high-pressure line, and the other end is used for meeting its characterized in that with the evacuation pipeline:

a plurality of pressure relief holes are arranged between the two ends of the pressure bearing structure, and fusible alloy is filled in all the pressure relief holes.

2. The individual fusible alloy structure safety relief device of claim 1, wherein: the pressure-bearing structure is straight or bent.

3. The individual fusible alloy structure safety relief device of claim 1, wherein the pressure-bearing structure is divided into three parts, from top to bottom:

the emptying device butt joint part is used for assembling with an emptying pipeline;

the force application part is arranged and has a hexagonal structure;

the high-pressure pipeline butt joint part adopts a cylindrical design and is used for being connected with the high-pressure pipeline;

wherein the relief hole is formed in the emptying device butting part and the installation force application part.

4. The individual fusible alloy structure safety relief device of claim 1, wherein the pressure-bearing structure is a machined unitary structural member of a metal forging.

5. The individual fusible alloy structure safety vent apparatus set forth in claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the vent hole is rugged.

6. The individual fusible alloy structure safety vent apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vent hole is formed by machining by drilling a threaded hole.

7. The individual fusible alloy structure safety vent apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of vent apertures is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more.

8. The safety vent apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of said vent holes is seven, one of said vent holes being centrally located and referred to as a central vent hole, and the remaining six vent holes being uniformly distributed about said central vent hole in radial symmetry.

9. The individual fusible alloy structure safety vent apparatus of claim 8, wherein seven vent holes are M7 threaded holes, and centers of the remaining six vent holes are spaced 8mm from the center of the central vent hole.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of safety explosion prevention of a high-pressure gas cylinder, in particular to a single fusible alloy structure safety release device for a large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder which forms a long-tube trailer and a tube bundle type container, and belongs to the field of research of safety accessories of special equipment.

Background

With the adjustment of national energy policy and the importance of society on living environment, clean energy represented by natural gas and hydrogen is widely applied, and the demand for the transportation of compressed gas between different places is increasing. Because of the defects of high initial investment and large energy consumption of a pipe network, small storage and transportation amount of the traditional medium and small volume gas cylinders, difficulty in realizing uninterrupted large-scale gas supply and the like, the long-tube trailer and the tube bundle type container which are arranged between the pipe network and the medium and small gas cylinders and assembled by adopting the large-volume high-pressure gas cylinders are rapidly developed, compressed gas can be transported to remote areas which can be reached by any road, temporary energy is provided for field work, the compressed gas can be independently participated in international intermodal transportation, gas transportation of medium and short distance and non-pipe network areas can be realized, and the pipeline transportation extension is realized.

However, the filling medium of the long-tube trailer is mostly inflammable and explosive articles, and has higher potential safety hazard and potential danger. In addition, the long-tube trailer belongs to a movable pressure container, frequently runs between a city with dense personnel and an air source under the working condition of wind blowing and sun drying, and once leakage, explosion and other conditions occur, serious loss is caused to the life and property safety of the country and people, and great influence is caused to the social stability. In order to ensure the safe use of the long-tube trailer, manufacturers at home and abroad generally adopt a mode of installing safe discharge devices at the rear end or the front end and the rear end of the gas cylinder, so that compressed gas stored and transported under the non-designed working conditions of overpressure, fire and the like of the long-tube trailer can be rapidly and spontaneously discharged, the safe reliability of the large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder is ensured, and the dangerous conditions such as explosion and the like are avoided.

The safety relief device application structure for the tube trailer is developed in two stages: single rupture disk and rupture disk-fusible alloy composite device structure. The rupture disk in the single rupture disk device structure that adopts in early stage directly contacts with external environment, and under the influence of factors such as fatigue damage that the gas cylinder filled repeatedly alternating load arouses and stress corrosion damage under the complicated operating mode (like rainwater, corrosive environment etc.), fatigue damage or environmental cracking will take place for the rupture disk, lead to rupture disk interface leakage or abnormal initiation, and the rupture disk is manufacturing production usually for the batch, and the quality hardly reaches absolute stability, and initiation pressure often the discreteness is strong. In order to avoid the influence caused by unstable structural performance of a single rupture disk device, the conventional long-tube trailer safety relief device mainly adopts a structural form that fusible alloy is additionally arranged on the outer side of a rupture disk to form a rupture disk-fusible alloy combined device, so that the adverse factors of the single rupture disk device are solved, and the reliability of the safety relief device is improved. However, in practical use, it is found that the rupture disk-fusible alloy combination device can be successfully detonated only when the gas pressure in the gas cylinder and the ambient temperature both exceed the design threshold, the protection function of the safety device cannot be well embodied under the condition that the single design threshold exceeds the limit, and the safety relief device does not act in the fire accident of the multi-start pipe trailer, which explains the point. In addition, the safety relief devices of both the single rupture disk device and the rupture disk-fusible alloy combination device have problems in replacing the rupture disk: the safety relief device is fixed on a special tool after being detached from the long-tube trailer and is fastened by adopting a special torque wrench, and meanwhile, the rupture disc is vertically placed at the center of the holder of the safety relief device, so that the requirements on working conditions and operating skills are high, otherwise, the replacement quality cannot be guaranteed, so that the newly replaced rupture disc is frequently detonated under the working condition of non-design, and unpredictable influence is brought to the harmony of the safety operation of enterprises and the stability of society.

At present, a fusible alloy structure safety relief device used for an existing high-pressure medium-volume gas cylinder (about 40L, a seamless gas cylinder with nominal working pressure of 15MPa and the like) is often in a combined structure with a rupture disk, and because the volume of the gas cylinder is not large, the required relief area is small, a single-hole structure is adopted according to GB8337 fusible alloy plug device for the gas cylinder, and the shape of the single-hole structure can be a step hole, a conical hole or a threaded hole. For a large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder, the discharge area is large, the fusible alloy is soft, the pressure bearing capacity is poor, and the original structure can not be directly adopted.

The single fusible alloy structure safety relief device is suitable for a large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder, and factors such as relief area, poured fusible alloy strength, and after-processing performance, manufacturing difficulty and economy of the whole structure need to be comprehensively considered. Therefore, a new safety relief device with a single fusible alloy structure for a large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder is urgently needed to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the actual problems, the invention provides a safe discharge device with a single fusible alloy structure, which overcomes the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides an individual fusible alloy structure safety relief device, includes the pressure-bearing structure, pressure-bearing structure one end is used for meeting with high-pressure line, and the other end is used for meeting its characterized in that with the evacuation pipeline:

a plurality of pressure relief holes are arranged between the two ends of the pressure bearing structure, and fusible alloy is filled in all the pressure relief holes.

The single fusible alloy structure safety relief device, wherein: the pressure-bearing structure is straight or bent.

The safe relief device of the single fusible alloy structure is characterized in that the pressure-bearing structure is divided into three parts, wherein the three parts are respectively from top to bottom:

the emptying device butt joint part is used for assembling with an emptying pipeline;

the force application part is arranged and has a hexagonal structure;

the high-pressure pipeline butt joint part adopts a cylindrical design and is used for being connected with the high-pressure pipeline;

wherein the relief hole is formed in the emptying device butting part and the installation force application part.

The safety relief device of the single fusible alloy structure is characterized in that the pressure-bearing structure is an integrated structural member machined by a metal forging.

The safety relief device with the single fusible alloy structure is characterized in that the inner surface of the relief hole is uneven.

The safety relief device of the single fusible alloy structure is characterized in that the relief hole is formed by drilling a threaded hole.

The single fusible alloy structure safety vent apparatus wherein the number of vent holes is two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more.

The number of the discharge holes is seven, one of the discharge holes is positioned in the center and is called as a central discharge hole, and the other six discharge holes are uniformly distributed around the central discharge hole in a radiation symmetry manner.

The safety relief device with the single fusible alloy structure is characterized in that seven relief holes are M7 threaded holes, and the distance between the centers of the other six relief holes and the center of the central relief hole is 8 mm.

The invention has the following effects:

1. the conventional safety relief device applied to the large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder at present comprises a single rupture disk and a rupture disk fusible alloy combined structure. Because the rupture disk is easily influenced by external environment, the quality is difficult to reach absolute stability during batch production, the action pressure discreteness is stronger, and the rupture disk is adopted simply, so that the medium pressure in the gas cylinder can not reach the action pressure and the rupture disk is detonated in advance. The invention adopts a single fusible alloy structure, does not adopt a rupture disk, and effectively avoids unnecessary medium loss and bad social influence caused by advanced initiation of the rupture disk.

2. The rupture disk fusible alloy combination device can realize safe discharge smoothly when the gas pressure in the gas cylinder and the ambient temperature exceed the design threshold value, the medium pressure in the gas cylinder often reaches the action pressure and can not be detonated in practical application, and the safety discharge device does not act in the fire accident of the multi-start pipe trailer, thereby explaining the point. The fusible alloy adopted by the invention is extremely sensitive to temperature, and the reaction is very quick in fire accidents. The active defense interlocking mechanism matched with the fire accident can realize automatic melting after fire extinguishing failure, ensure that dangerous media are effectively released, and avoid explosion.

3. The safety relief device related to the rupture disk needs to be replaced regularly, is high in cost, has strict requirements on torque in installation, and is inconvenient to operate. The invention can avoid the periodical replacement, reduce the cost, has no requirement on installation torque, ensures the connection sealing property of the high-pressure pipeline and is convenient to operate.

4. The invention can adapt to the working conditions of various working pressures and various safe discharge amounts by changing the length and sectional area sizes of the pouring part of the fusible alloy, can adapt to the working conditions of various operating temperatures by changing the formula of the fusible alloy, and can be combined with the traditional safe discharge devices such as a rupture disk, a safety valve and the like to meet the requirements of other special working conditions of users.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main structure device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the fusible alloy in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a detail of the dimensions of a half-section of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top dimensional detail of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a detailed view of the seven-hole structure dimensions of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: a pressure-bearing structure 1; a bleed hole 2; a fusible alloy 3.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a non-traditional single fusible alloy structure safety relief device applied to a large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder filled with media such as CNG (compressed natural gas), compressed hydrogen and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the pressure-bearing structure 1 of the safety relief device with a single fusible alloy structure provided by the invention is divided into three parts, from top to bottom:

the emptying device butt joint part A is provided with an external thread structure and can be assembled with an emptying pipeline, and no gas medium or pressure bearing is arranged at the position under normal working conditions, so that no special sealing requirement exists;

a force application part B is arranged and is designed into a hexagonal structure, so that the force application is conveniently carried out by using a wrench tool for assembly;

the high-pressure pipeline butt joint part C is designed in a cylindrical mode, and cracking of the bottom of the discharge device due to stress concentration and fatigue can be effectively avoided in the using process of the discharge device; the part is also provided with internal threads which can be connected with a high-pressure pipeline and bear pressure under normal working conditions, so that the high-pressure pipeline joint part C needs good sealing performance after being assembled, and sealing can be assisted by adding a sealing material at the joint of the high-pressure pipeline joint part C and the high-pressure pipeline;

the single fusible alloy structure safety relief device provided by the invention is preferably an integrated structural part machined by a metal forging so as to improve the structural strength.

As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a plurality of bleed holes 2 are axially arranged in the emptying device butt joint part a and the installation force application part B, and the bleed holes 2 are communicated with the concave space of the high-pressure pipeline butt joint part C; moreover, all the discharge holes 2 are filled with fusible alloy 3;

the invention is applied to the connecting pipeline of the large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder, and when the high-pressure gas cylinder works normally, because the discharge hole 2 is blocked by the fusible alloy 3, the high-pressure medium in the high-pressure pipeline can not enter the emptying pipeline; when a fire disaster or other special conditions occur, the medium temperature or the environment temperature rises and reaches the melting temperature of the fusible alloy 3, the fusible alloy 3 in the discharge hole 2 is rapidly melted and loses strength, so that the high-pressure medium in the high-pressure pipeline can be safely discharged outwards through the discharge hole 2 and the emptying pipeline, and explosion caused by temperature rise and pressure rise of the high-pressure medium is prevented.

In a preferred embodiment, the bleed hole 2 is formed by drilling a threaded hole, so that the inner surface of the bleed hole 2 is uneven, thereby improving the bonding force between the fusible alloy 3 and the bleed hole 2 and preventing the fusible alloy 3 from being accidentally removed.

The fusible alloy 3 in the invention is the existing material, and a user can select proper alloy components according to the required melting temperature; the user can also design that under certain special conditions (such as pressure conditions), the safety relief device is heated to melt the fusible alloy 3, so that the safety relief device is driven to act actively, and the purpose of safety relief is achieved.

By adopting the porous structure, compared with the traditional single-pore structure, the invention can increase the joint area between the formed fusible alloy 3 and the inner surface of the pore channel and increase the shearing strength of the fusible alloy 3 part, thereby being suitable for the use working condition with higher pressure.

The number of bleed holes 2 of the present invention may be two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more, and as shown in fig. 3-6, seven is preferred, wherein one bleed hole 2 is centrally located and is referred to as a central bleed hole 2, and the remaining six bleed holes 2 are radially and uniformly distributed around the center, wherein: taking the inner diameter of the concave space of the high-pressure pipeline butt joint part C as 24mm as an example, seven bleed holes 2 are M7 threaded holes (the nominal diameter is 7mm), and the distance between the centers of the other six bleed holes 2 and the center of the central bleed hole 2 is 8 mm.

The invention adopts a seven-hole structure, and is an optimized result obtained after comprehensively considering the use efficiency of the discharge area and the problems of complexity, economy and the like of main body processing:

bleed area availability factor: the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the holes is the effective relief area of the safety relief device, the single-hole relief area has the highest use efficiency, but the strength of the single-hole relief area limits that the structure cannot be used in high-pressure working conditions, as described in the background section. The main structure with the same cross section area adopts 2-6 discharge holes 2, and the sum of the cross section areas of the holes is not as large as that of a seven-hole structure no matter how the diameters of the holes are distributed, namely the discharge area of the seven-hole structure has high use efficiency;

complexity, economy of body processing: the porous structure with more than 7 discharge holes 2 can improve the service efficiency of the discharge area to a certain extent, but the processing difficulty is increased along with the increase of the number of the holes, and the cost is increased.

Within the framework of the overall solution described above, the preferred embodiment of the invention is supplemented as follows:

1. the base material of the pressure-bearing structure 1 can be brass or stainless steel, and can be specifically selected according to the compatibility of the medium in the large-volume high-pressure gas cylinder, and the mechanical property of the material can meet the requirements of relevant regulations and standards;

2. the fusible alloy is recommended to be selected according with an alloy formula which is in accordance with an appendix A fusible alloy formula of GB8337 fusible alloy plug device for gas cylinders and has a melting area temperature (action temperature) of 102.5 +/-5 ℃, namely 53.9 percent of Bi (weight content, the same below), 25.9 percent of Sn (Sn content), 20.2 percent of Cd (Cd) content and an eutectic state; the user can select other fusible alloy materials with melting temperature according to the working condition and special requirements; whether the requirements of corresponding standards are met or not is considered during design;

3. the pressure-bearing structure 1 is formed by processing a metal forging, so that the structure and the performance of the pressure-bearing structure meet the application working condition of the invention;

4. the size of the main body of the invention can be adjusted according to the application condition, in particular the lengths of the butt joint part A and the installation force application part B of the emptying device can be adapted to the safe discharge action pressure of the whole device; the minimum horizontal sectional area of the fusible alloy pouring part is adapted to the safe discharge area;

5. the invention is installed on the main pipeline adapting to the working condition, the connecting part can be the pipeline, and also can be the components on the pipeline, such as an elbow, a tee joint, a cross joint and the like, and the components are not listed one by one; a user adds an auxiliary method for sealing the medium under the working condition of high toxicity or other working conditions with high sealing requirements;

6. the invention can be used in combination with a conventional safety relief device;

the foregoing description is intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many modifications, variations or equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.