阅读说明：本技术 一种闪亮涤纶纤维及其制备方法 (Glittering polyester fiber and preparation method thereof ) 是由 黄效华 郑天勇 姜义军 甄丽 黄效龙 王丙伟 姜亚明 刘宇 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种闪亮涤纶纤维,该纤维中含橄榄叶改性双层微胶囊0.5-3.0%,断裂强度为4.3-5.1cN/dtex,断裂伸长率33-38%,干热收缩率超低,为3.5-3.8%。本发明的橄榄闪亮耐热涤纶纤维,通过在囊芯中添加螺吡喃及在改性剂中添加铝粉和结晶紫内脂,使制备的涤纶纤维呈现闪亮的颜色,特别是在光照情况下,颜色光亮。(The invention provides a shiny polyester fiber, which contains 0.5-3.0% of olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule, the breaking strength is 4.3-5.1cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 33-38%, and the dry heat shrinkage rate is ultralow and is 3.5-3.8%. According to the olive flashing heat-resistant polyester fiber, the spiropyran is added into the capsule core, and the aluminum powder and the crystal violet lactone are added into the modifier, so that the prepared polyester fiber presents a flashing color, and particularly, the color is bright under the illumination condition.)

1. A kind of shiny polyester fiber, characterized by that: the fiber contains 0.5-3.0% of olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule, the breaking strength is 4.3-5.1cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 33-38%, and the dry heat shrinkage rate is ultralow and is 3.5-3.8%.

2. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber comprises the following steps of preparing the olive leaf functional modified master batch: adding polyester chips, a dispersing agent, olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsules and a modifying agent into a double-screw extruder according to the mass parts, mixing at a high speed, extruding and granulating to obtain olive leaf functional master batches;

the weight ratio of the polyester chip, the dispersing agent, the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule to the modifying agent is 30-80: 1-5: 5-10: 5-10.

3. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the modifier comprises: aluminum powder, boron oxide and crystal violet lactone; the modifier comprises aluminum powder, boron oxide and crystal violet lactone in a mass ratio of 3-5:20-50: 1-3.

4. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber also comprises the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule; the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule comprises the following steps of preparing a first reaction solution:

adding the olive leaf extract into 50-60% ethanol solution for dissolving for 20-30min, heating to 30-40 ℃, adding aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, dimethyl carbonate, vegetable oil and a dispersing agent for stirring at the stirring speed of 600-;

the mass ratio of the aminopropyl trimethoxy silane to the dimethyl carbonate to the vegetable oil to the dispersing agent is as follows: 2-5:1-3:10-20: 0.5-1;

the addition amount of the aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is 10-20% of the olive leaf extract;

the vegetable oil is one or more of safflower oil, tea oil and olive oil.

5. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber also comprises the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule; the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule comprises the following steps of preparing a second reaction solution:

heating the prepared first reaction liquid to 50-60 ℃, slowly adding melamine resin, spiropyran and sodium alginate for dispersion at the dispersion rotation speed of 600-;

the mass ratio of the melamine resin to the spiropyran to the sodium alginate is as follows: 1-3:0.2-0.5: 0.5-3.

6. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber comprises the steps of preparing the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule; the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule comprises

Preparation of single-layer microcapsule solution: cooling the prepared second reaction liquid to 20-30 ℃, adding triethylamine, adjusting the pH value to 4-6, reacting for 10-20min, and keeping the temperature for 30-50min to obtain a single-layer microcapsule solution.

7. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber also comprises the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule; the preparation of the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule comprises the following steps: dripping the prepared single-layer microcapsule solution into a high-temperature calcium chloride solution, standing for 20-30min to prepare a double-layer microcapsule solution, and finally performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the olive leaf modified double-layer microcapsule; the temperature of the high-temperature calcium chloride solution is 80-90 ℃.

8. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 7, wherein: the high-temperature calcium chloride solution contains an auxiliary agent; the auxiliary agent comprises: sodium palmitate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, silane coupling agent; the mass ratio of the sodium palmitate, the alkyl glycoside and the silane coupling agent in the auxiliary agent is 5-10: 1-3: 0.5-2; the silane coupling agent is one or more of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, kh-792 and Si-602.

9. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber also comprises mixing and melting; the temperature intervals of all zones in the screw extruder in the mixing and melting step are as follows: 250 ℃ and 265 ℃; 270 ℃ and 280 ℃; 275 ℃ and 285 ℃; 275 ℃ and 270 ℃; 270 ℃ and 275 ℃.

10. The glittering polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyester fiber also comprises spinning and post-treatment, wherein: the wind speed is 0.4m/s-0.5 m/s; the air temperature is 20-23 ℃, and the air humidity is 30-35%; the stretching multiple is 3.5-4 times; the drawing speed is 105-110 m/min; oil temperature: 30-60 ℃; spinning pressure is 4.5-5 MPa; the winding speed is 1300-1500 m/min.

Technical Field

The invention provides a polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof, and particularly provides a shiny polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Regenerated fibers are largely divided into two main categories, regenerated cellulose fibers and regenerated synthetic fibers. Viscose is the earliest regenerated fiber, and new regenerated cellulose fibers such as Lyocell fiber, cellulose carbamate fiber, superconducting viscose fiber, kapok fiber, bamboo fiber and the like are successively appeared later. Polyester fibers account for approximately 70% of synthetic fibers, and the use of polyester in the bottle-making industry is rapidly expanding, so that recycled synthetic fibers are dominated by recycled polyester fibers. The domestic regenerated polyester fiber is in the stage of research and small-scale industrial test.

The production process of the polyester fiber mainly comprises the following steps: the polyester chip can be used for spinning, preparing polyester films, polyester bottles and the like after being dried and melted. In the melting process, moisture contained in the sliced polyester spinning can hydrolyze the polyester to influence the spinning performance and the fiber quality, so the polyester must be dried before spinning to reduce the water content of the sliced polyester to be less than 0.01 percent. And in the slice spinning, the dried polyester slices are heated and melted in a screw rod, extruded and sent to each spinning part of a spinning box body, and are accurately metered and filtered by a metering pump and then are sprayed out from a spinneret orifice of a spinneret plate. The diameter of the spinneret orifice is generally 0.15 to 0.30 mm. The sprayed melt stream is cooled and solidified into a filament by cooling air flow. The cooled yarn is divided into polyester filament and polyester staple fiber (or polyester staple fiber) according to different processing technologies.

With the continuous development of society and the diversification of products as a trend, people have more and more concentrated interest in polyester fiber products with various functionalities, and therefore, a great number of functional polyester products are derived, for example, patent application with the patent number of CN201911318673.0 discloses a composite polyester and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite polyester comprises a fiber body and microcapsules uniformly formed in the fiber body; the microcapsule comprises a microcapsule core material and a microcapsule wall material coated outside the microcapsule core material; the microcapsule core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-40 wt% of dacron enzyme bacteria, 10-60 wt% of vegetable sesame oil and 10-20 wt% of sucrose ester; the dacron enzyme bacteria can be metabolized to generate dacron enzyme; the microcapsule wall material is edible natural polymer material. The preparation method of the composite terylene comprises the following steps of preparing microcapsule wall material hydrosol, preparing dacron enzyme bacteria, preparing microcapsule core material water emulsion, preparing microcapsules and preparing terylene. The stability of the microcapsules in the composite polyester obtained by the technical scheme in the fiber body is good, and the composite polyester product can attract microorganisms in the environment to eat the microfibers after being discarded, so that the problem that potential hazards of ecological environment are caused due to the fact that the polyester cannot be degraded is solved.

The fiber is mainly prepared by adding a functional substance into the microcapsule by a microcapsule method, and finally the fiber shows the relevant characteristics of the slow-release functional substance, but because the temperature is higher in the production process of the polyester fiber and the microcapsule is simultaneously subjected to the extrusion and shearing effects, the microcapsule is easy to break under the high-temperature and extrusion effects, after the capsule core components leak out, because the molecular structure of the polyamide fiber contains amide groups, along with the continuous release of the capsule core components of the capsule, water molecules and air molecules can gradually permeate into the molecular structure of the polyamide fiber and react with the components leaking out of the capsule core to generate green or gray color spots, and the overall color of the fiber is gray, so that the quality of the fiber is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a glittering polyester fiber to realize the following purposes:

1. the nylon fiber prepared by the preparation process can reduce the technical problems of green or gray color spots and gray color caused by reaction of the prepared fiber after the preparation of the fiber due to the rapid release of capsule core components in a high-temperature and extrusion state in the fiber preparation process.

2. The terylene prepared by the invention has certain antibacterial effect.

3. In the fiber preparation process, the prepared capsule with the double-layer structure has a microscopic double-layer structure under an electron microscope, the capsule wall is smooth, the heat resistance is excellent, and the thermal melting temperature is higher than the limit value of the temperature in the polyester production process; meanwhile, the particle size is suitable, and the method is suitable for fiber production; the sphericity and the dispersibility are good, the double-layer structure is used for coating, the original form is easier to keep under the extrusion and high-heat states of the polyester chips, and the cracking is not easy to occur.

Detailed Description