Simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector and assembling method
阅读说明：本技术 一种简易的耐高温差分式连接器及装配方法 (Simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector and assembling method ) 是由 于法鹏 刘学良 房浩然 杨勇 赵显� 于 2020-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种简易的耐高温差分式连接器及装配方法,属于电气传输技术领域,包括连接外壳、陶瓷基座、陶瓷盖板、插针、护套、尾罩和双芯铠装电缆,其中,护套、尾罩和连接外壳的材质均为Inconel600合金,陶瓷盖板和陶瓷基座的材质均为高纯氧化铝陶瓷。本发明采用过盈配合的方式来组装插针和绝缘陶瓷,插针的材料为可伐合金,该合金材料在高温下,其热膨胀系数与高纯氧化铝陶瓷的热膨胀系数基本一致,且都为线性,可以确保在高温下连接器的气密性；本发明采用在高温下阻抗高,膨胀系数为线性的高纯氧化铝陶瓷作为绝缘材料,耐温高达1000℃,并可在高达600℃的极端环境下长时间服役。(The invention relates to a simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector and an assembly method, belonging to the technical field of electrical transmission. The contact pin and the insulating ceramic are assembled in an interference fit mode, the contact pin is made of kovar alloy, the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy material is basically consistent with that of high-purity alumina ceramic at high temperature and is linear, and the air tightness of the connector at high temperature can be ensured; the invention adopts high-purity alumina ceramic with high impedance and linear expansion coefficient at high temperature as an insulating material, can resist the temperature of 1000 ℃, and can be used for a long time in an extreme environment of 600 ℃.)
1. A simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector is characterized by comprising a connecting shell, a ceramic base, a ceramic cover plate, a contact pin, a sheath, a tail cover and a double-core armored cable;
the connecting shell is a cylindrical metal piece with openings at two ends, the ceramic base and the ceramic cover plate are inserted into the connecting shell, the ceramic cover plate is in tight contact with the ceramic base without a gap, the number of the pins is two, each pin comprises a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end, the ceramic base is provided with two inserting holes, the large-diameter ends of the two pins are respectively inserted into the two inserting holes in an interference fit manner, the ceramic cover plate is provided with two through holes, and the small-diameter ends of the two pins penetrate through the two through holes in the interference fit manner;
the ceramic cover plate is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the ceramic cover plate is a large-diameter end, the other end of the ceramic cover plate is a small-diameter end, a gap is formed between the small-diameter end of the ceramic cover plate and the connecting shell, the sheath is inserted into the gap, and the sheath and the connecting shell are subjected to laser welding;
the sheath and the tail cover are welded together by laser, a through hole is formed in the tail cover, the double-core armored cable penetrates through the through hole, and the shell of the double-core armored cable and the tail end of the tail cover are fixed together by laser welding;
the small-diameter ends of the contact pins are provided with insertion holes, and the double cores at one end of the double-core armored cable are respectively inserted into the insertion holes of the two contact pins in the sheath and are fixed by spot welding;
the material of sheath, tail-hood and connection shell is the Inconel600 alloy, and the material of ceramic cover plate and ceramic base is high-purity alumina ceramics.
2. The simplified high temperature differential connector of claim 1, wherein the inner and outer diameters of the connecting shell are stepped, and the outer wall of the ceramic base is stepped and fits the stepped outer diameter of the connecting shell.
3. The simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector as claimed in claim 2, wherein the opening of the inner wall of the connecting shell is provided with a linear positioning rib, the linear positioning rib is distributed along the radial direction of the connecting shell, and the bottom of the linear positioning rib is preferably flush with the end of the connecting shell;
the bottom of the ceramic base is provided with a linear groove along the diameter direction, and the depth of the linear groove is the same as the height of the linear positioning rib.
4. The simple high temperature differential connector of claim 1, wherein a threaded sleeve is further sleeved on the sheath for fixing the connector to an electrical device to be connected.
5. The simplified high temperature differential connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pin is made of kovar 4J33 with a platinum film plated on the surface.
6. The simple high temperature differential connector of claim 1, wherein the two-core armored cable comprises, from inside to outside, a two-core, an insulating material layer and an armor shell, the two-core is a nickel conductor, the insulating material layer is high purity magnesium oxide, and the armor shell is Inconel600 alloy.
7. A method of assembling a simplified high temperature differential connector of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) firstly, electroplating a platinum film on the surfaces of two contact pins, wherein the large-diameter ends of the contact pins are in interference fit with the ceramic base, and the small-diameter ends of the contact pins are in interference fit with the ceramic cover plate;
(2) the assembled ceramic base, the contact pin and the ceramic cover plate are connected into the connecting shell, and the ceramic base, the contact pin and the ceramic cover plate are fixed through the matching action of the linear positioning rib of the connecting shell and the linear groove of the ceramic base, so that the front connector is assembled;
(3) stripping the double cores of the double-core armored cable to a proper length by using a wire stripping pliers, sleeving the threaded sleeve into the sheath, and sleeving the tail cover and the sheath into the double-core armored cable in sequence;
(4) placing the front connector and the double-core armored cable sleeved into the tail cover and the sheath into an inert gas atmosphere box, wherein the gas pressure in the atmosphere box is greater than one atmospheric pressure, fixing the double-core armored cable and the front connector by using a clamp, respectively inserting the double cores in the double-core armored cable into the insertion holes of the two contact pins, and fixing by spot welding;
(5) inserting the sheath into a gap between the ceramic cover plate and the connecting shell, welding the sheath which is in close contact with the connecting shell without the gap with the connecting shell through a laser welding machine, and finally welding the tail cover which is in close contact with the sheath, the tail cover and the double-core armored cable together;
(6) and placing the welded connector into a high-temperature box for annealing treatment, and eliminating stress residue between devices.
8. The method for assembling a simplified high temperature differential connector as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step (1), the thickness of the platinum plated film of the contact pin is 100 nm.
9. The method of assembling a simple high temperature differential connector according to claim 7, wherein the annealing temperature in step (6) is 550 to 600 ℃.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector and an assembly method, which can be used for electric signal transmission in the field of high-temperature sensors, can be used in the industries of aerospace, intelligent ships, rail trains, automobile industry, nuclear power energy and the like, and belongs to the technical field of electric transmission.
Background
At high temperatures (> 300 ℃), electrical signals, particularly weak electrical signal transmission (for example, piezoelectric signal transmission of a high-temperature vibration sensor for monitoring the health state of an engine), have been a technical difficulty, and both low loss during signal transmission and anti-electromagnetic interference capability of a connector need to be ensured. This requires high temperature connectors to ensure both high impedance and high temperature and corrosion resistance of the connector at high temperatures.
For example, chinese patent document CN 108321643a discloses "a high temperature radiation resistant dual coaxial connector", which is a coaxial connector, in order to improve the anti-interference capability of signal transmission, a bimetal housing shield is used, which makes the structure of the whole connector complicated, and in an environment exceeding 300 ℃, gaps are easily generated between the connecting devices due to mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients, thereby causing the failure of the inner conductor of the connector due to oxidation.
The high-temperature resistance and the corrosion resistance of the connector need to be considered while the anti-interference capacity is improved, at present, no connector meeting the requirements of the conditions is available in the domestic market, and in order to achieve the goal of localization of the high-temperature connector, the connector which is high-temperature resistant, corrosion resistant, ageing resistant, high-impedance and low in transmission loss is designed and produced, so that the necessary requirements are met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector and an assembly method, the connector is simple in structure, high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant, the connector can resist the temperature of 1000 ℃ and can be in service for a long time in the extreme environment of 600 ℃.
Interpretation of terms:
1. a connector: is an electric power transmission system having a mechanical structure.
2. Difference formula: the differential connector is characterized in that two pins in the connector are insulated from a metal shell (comprising a tail cover, a sheath and a connecting shell).
3. High-purity alumina ceramics: is Al in the material composition2O3Ceramic material with content more than or equal to 99.5 percent.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a simple high-temperature-resistant differential connector comprises a connecting shell, a ceramic base, a ceramic cover plate, a contact pin, a sheath, a tail cover and a double-core armored cable;
the connecting shell is a cylindrical metal piece with openings at two ends, the ceramic base and the ceramic cover plate are inserted into the connecting shell, the ceramic cover plate is in tight contact with the ceramic base without a gap, the number of the pins is two, each pin comprises a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end, the ceramic base is provided with two inserting holes, the large-diameter ends of the two pins are respectively inserted into the two inserting holes in an interference fit manner, the ceramic cover plate is provided with two through holes, the small-diameter ends of the two pins penetrate through the two through holes in the interference fit manner, and the small-diameter ends are in tight contact with the ceramic base without a gap;
the ceramic cover plate is of a cylindrical structure, one end of the ceramic cover plate is a large-diameter end, the other end of the ceramic cover plate is a small-diameter end, a gap is formed between the small-diameter end of the ceramic cover plate and the connecting shell, the sheath is inserted into the gap, and the sheath and the connecting shell are subjected to laser welding;
the sheath and the tail cover are welded together by laser, a through hole is formed in the tail cover, the double-core armored cable penetrates through the through hole, and the shell of the double-core armored cable and the tail end of the tail cover are fixed together by laser welding;
the small-diameter ends of the contact pins are provided with insertion holes, and the double cores at one end of the double-core armored cable are respectively inserted into the insertion holes of the two contact pins in the sheath and are fixed by spot welding;
the material of sheath, tail-hood and connection shell is the Inconel600 alloy, and the material of ceramic cover plate and ceramic base is high-purity alumina ceramics (99.5%).
According to the invention, through the close matching of the structures, the air tightness of the connector is ensured, and the dual cores of the dual-core armored cable in the connector are ensured not to be oxidized and lose efficacy.
Preferably, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the connecting shell are both in a step shape, and the outer wall of the ceramic base is also in a step shape and matched with the step-shaped outer diameter of the connecting shell.
Preferably, the opening of the inner wall of the connecting shell is provided with a linear positioning rib which is distributed along the radial direction of the connecting shell, and the bottom of the linear positioning rib is preferably flush with the end part of the connecting shell;
the bottom of the ceramic base is provided with a linear groove along the diameter direction, and the depth of the linear groove is the same as the height of the linear positioning rib. The linear positioning ribs are matched with the linear grooves to play a role in positioning, and the sizes of the linear positioning ribs are adjustable and can be set according to requirements.
Preferably, the protective sleeve is further sleeved with a threaded sleeve for fixing the connector and the electrical device to be connected.
Preferably, the material of the contact pin is kovar alloy 4J33, and a platinum film is plated on the surface of the contact pin.
Preferably, the double-core armored cable sequentially comprises a double core, an insulating material layer and an armored shell from inside to outside, wherein the double core is a nickel conductor, the insulating material layer is made of high-purity magnesium oxide (99.5%), and the armored shell is made of Inconel600 alloy. The double-core armored cable structure is a preferable mode, and cables with other structures can be adopted.
The shell (including the sheath, the tail cover and the connecting shell) of the connector is made of Inconel600 alloy, and the alloy has excellent corrosion resistance at high temperature, can ensure the air tightness of the connector and the anti-interference capability in the signal transmission process at high temperature, and greatly prolongs the service life of the connector.
In order to ensure the air tightness of the interior of the connector, the following measures are adopted:
1. the material of the contact pin is kovar alloy 4J33, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy is basically matched with that of high-purity alumina ceramic at the temperature of 600 ℃;
2. the contact pin, the ceramic base and the ceramic cover plate are in interference fit;
3. the size of the through hole of the ceramic cover plate is smaller than that of the insertion hole of the ceramic base, and the ceramic base is in close contact with the ceramic cover plate without a gap;
4. the sheath, the ceramic base, the ceramic cover plate and the connecting shell directly form a stepped matching structure, and the air tightness of the device can be effectively guaranteed.
The connector has the advantages of simple structure, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and electromagnetic interference resistance, can resist the temperature of 1000 ℃, and can be used for a long time in an extreme environment of 600 ℃.
The simple assembling method of the high-temperature-resistant differential connector comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, electroplating a platinum film on the surfaces of two contact pins, wherein the large-diameter ends of the contact pins are in interference fit with the ceramic base, and the small-diameter ends of the contact pins are in interference fit with the ceramic cover plate;
(2) the assembled ceramic base, the contact pin and the ceramic cover plate are connected into the connecting shell, and the linear positioning rib of the connecting shell is clamped into the linear groove through the matching effect of the linear positioning rib of the connecting shell and the linear groove of the ceramic base, and the linear positioning rib and the linear groove are fixed, so that the front device connector is assembled;
(3) stripping the double cores (namely signal transmission lines) of the double-core armored cable to a proper length (the length is preferably the same as the length of the inserting holes of the inserting pins), sleeving the threaded sleeves into the protective sleeves, and sleeving the tail cover and the protective sleeves into the double-core armored cable in sequence;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of putting a front connector and a double-core armored cable sleeved in a tail cover and a sheath into an inert gas atmosphere box, wherein the gas pressure in the atmosphere box is slightly greater than one atmospheric pressure, fixing the double-core armored cable and the front connector by using a clamp at a horizontal height, respectively inserting double cores in the double-core armored cable into insertion holes of two contact pins, and fixing by laser spot welding;
(5) inserting the sheath into a gap between the ceramic cover plate and the connecting shell in a structure matching manner, welding the closely contacted seamless sheath and the connecting shell together by a laser welding machine, and finally welding the closely contacted tail cover and the sheath, the tail cover and the double-core armored cable together;
(6) and placing the welded connector into a high-temperature box for annealing treatment, and eliminating stress residue between devices.
Preferably, in the step (1), the thickness of the platinum film plated on the contact pin is 100 nm.
Preferably, in the step (6), the temperature of the annealing treatment is 550 to 600 ℃.
In the present invention, the details are not described in detail, and the present invention can be carried out by using the prior art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) aiming at the requirement that the connector is stably in service at high temperature (more than 300 ℃), the high-purity alumina ceramic (99.5%) with high impedance and linear expansion coefficient at high temperature is adopted as an insulating material (a ceramic cover plate and a ceramic base), so that the impedance of the high-temperature connector still has very high impedance (100M omega) at 600 ℃, higher impedance (50K omega) at 1000 ℃, can resist temperature up to 1000 ℃, and can be in service for a long time in an extreme environment of up to 600 ℃;
2) the connector is mainly used in a complex electromagnetic environment at high temperature, so that in order to ensure the anti-interference capability of signal transmission, a differential type is adopted, and compared with a coaxial connector, a differential type ground wire and a shell are electrically insulated, so that the connector has more excellent anti-interference capability, the integral material and the armored shell of the connector shell both adopt Inconel600 alloy, the material has the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance at high temperature (less than 1100 ℃), the air tightness and the anti-interference capability of the connector can be ensured, and the service life of the connector at high temperature is greatly prolonged;
3) the contact pin and the insulating ceramic are assembled in an interference fit mode, the contact pin is made of kovar alloy (4J33), the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy material is basically consistent with that of high-purity alumina ceramic at high temperature, and the alloy material is linear, so that the air tightness of the connector at high temperature can be ensured;
4) the connecting shell, the ceramic base, the ceramic cover plate and the sheath are structurally matched and are integrally matched in an up-and-down stepped structure, and the assembling mode structurally ensures the air tightness of the connector and effectively protects electric devices in the connector.
The connector provided by the invention provides effective guarantee for the stability of the collection of the weak current signal at the front end of the health early warning system in the fields of aerospace engines, nuclear energy and the like, and is convenient to produce and install, simple in process and convenient for large-scale production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a simple high temperature differential connector according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tail cap structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sheath construction of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the insert of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pin structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a ceramic cover plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the ceramic susceptor of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the connection housing of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the resistance at high temperature for one embodiment of the present invention;
the cable comprises a
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not described in detail and is in accordance with the conventional techniques in the art.
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