阅读说明：本技术 一种半合成羊肚菌培养基质和营养包 (Semi-synthetic morchella culture medium and nutrition bag ) 是由 吕锐玲 熊慧婷 肖华刚 徐思琪 崔高芹 刘旭 蔡婷 郑永良 于 2020-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种半合成羊肚菌培养基质和营养包,按重量份计包括如下组分：8-13份谷壳、25-30份小麦、10-15份木屑、28-33份秸秆、5-10份玉米粉、6-11份腐殖土、0.3份谷氨酸、0.3份柠檬酸、1份石膏、0.5份磷酸二氢钾、0.5份磷酸氢二钾、0.1份硫酸镁、0.1份过磷酸钙、0.2份pH调节剂。本发明所述培养基质中磷酸二氢钾、磷酸氢二钾、硫酸镁等合成基质的添加,满足了羊肚菌生长所需的各种营养元素,能使栽培种和营养包中的羊肚菌菌丝生长旺盛、形成更多菌核,对羊肚菌子实体产量和质量有提升效果。所述培养基质能够高效低成本栽培羊肚菌。(The invention provides a semi-synthetic morchella culture medium and a nutrition bag, which comprise the following components in parts by weight: 8-13 parts of rice husk, 25-30 parts of wheat, 10-15 parts of wood chips, 28-33 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 6-11 parts of humus, 0.3 part of glutamic acid, 0.3 part of citric acid, 1 part of gypsum, 0.5 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 part of dipotassium phosphate, 0.1 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.2 part of pH regulator. The addition of the synthetic matrix such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate in the culture matrix meets various nutrient elements required by growth of morchella esculenta, enables morchella esculenta mycelia in cultivars and nutrient bags to grow vigorously to form more sclerotia, and has an effect of improving the yield and quality of morchella esculenta sporocarp. The culture medium can be used for cultivating the morchella vulgaris with high efficiency and low cost.)

1. A semi-synthetic morchella culture medium is characterized in that: the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-13 parts of rice husk, 25-30 parts of wheat, 10-15 parts of wood chips, 28-33 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 6-11 parts of humus, 0.3 part of glutamic acid, 0.3 part of citric acid, 1 part of gypsum, 0.5 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 part of dipotassium phosphate, 0.1 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.2 part of pH regulator.

2. The semi-synthetic morel culture medium according to claim 1, wherein: the wood chips comprise one or more of wood chips of any broad-leaf trees.

3. The semi-synthetic morel culture medium according to claim 1, wherein: the straws comprise one or more of crop straws and grass weeds, such as wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws, bean straws and the like.

4. The semi-synthetic morel culture medium according to claim 3, wherein: the straw is wheat straw and soybean straw.

5. A semi-synthetic morchella culture nutrition bag is characterized in that: the semisynthetic morel culture medium of claim 1 is prepared into a nutrition bag according to the components and used for culturing morel.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a semi-synthetic morchella culture medium and a nutrition bag.

Background

Morchella esculenta (Morchella) is a rare wild edible and medicinal fungus, has high nutritive value and medicinal value, and is named because the fruiting body of Morchella esculenta is cellular like Morchella esculenta. The protein content of Morchella esculenta is higher than that of meat such as cattle, sheep, pigs and the like; the health-care food also contains rich amino acids, fatty acids, polysaccharides, vitamins and a large amount of mineral elements, has unique taste and flavor, has various medicinal effects of improving immunity, resisting viruses, resisting fatigue and the like, and has wide development and application prospects.

At present, the demand of morchella is far greater than the supply quantity at home and abroad, and the price is high. In the process of planting the morchella, besides greenhouses, land and labor force, the higher strain cost is also an important factor which causes the higher planting cost of the morchella. The high planting cost undoubtedly increases the investment risk of the morchella project, and if the morchella industry needs to be healthily developed for a long time, the investment cost of the morchella must be reduced. At present, the consumption of strains and nutrition packages in the cultivation process of morchella esculenta is large, the cost ratio is high, and most of the strains and nutrition packages are wheat grains, so that the search for a low-cost strain and nutrition package formula is urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a semi-synthetic morchella culture medium and a nutrition bag, which are used for cultivating morchella efficiently and at low cost.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a semi-synthetic morchella culture medium which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-13 parts of rice husk, 25-30 parts of wheat, 10-15 parts of wood chips, 28-33 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 6-11 parts of humus, 0.3 part of glutamic acid, 0.3 part of citric acid, 1 part of gypsum, 0.5 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 part of dipotassium phosphate, 0.1 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.2 part of pH regulator.

Furthermore, the wood chips are wood chips of broad-leaf trees, and the wood chips generally used for planting mushrooms can be used for planting morchella esculenta.

Further, the straws include one or more of crop straws such as wheat straws, rice straws, corn straws, bean straws and the like, and grasses.

Preferably, the straw is wheat straw and soybean straw. Compared with other crop straws, the wheat straws can promote the formation of morchella mycelium, the mycelium can grow in a short time, the growth speed is high, the density is high, and the strain bags can be quickly overgrown. The carbon source content in the wheat straw is high, and the rich carbon source is suitable for the formation and growth of morchella mycelium, so that the yield of morchella is increased, and the growth period is shortened. The soybean straw can shorten the unearthing time of morchella sporocarp, a large amount of nitrogen sources are needed in the growth stage of the morchella sporocarp, the soybean straw contains rich nitrogen sources and soybean protein, rich nutrition sources are provided when the morchella sporocarp is formed, the size of a morchella sporocarp cap is large, the meat is thick, and the shape of each morchella is regular, so that the quality of the morchella is improved.

The addition of the humus soil in the culture material of the morchella esculenta cultivated species ensures that the cultivation material is kept in a loose state, provides a favorable environment for the growth of the morchella esculenta, namely aerobic edible fungi, and simultaneously ensures good moisture retention and water retention, the soil has uniform and moderate particle size, not only has good air permeability, but also has good water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, and is suitable for the growth requirement of morchella esculenta mycelia.

The semisynthetic morel culture medium is prepared into the nutrition bag according to the formula, and the nutrition bag is convenient to use in the process of culturing morel.

Compared with the prior art, the semisynthetic morel culture substrate and the semisynthetic morel nutrition bag have the following beneficial effects:

(1) the amount of wheat in the substrate is reduced by 5-10%, the amount of sawdust is reduced by 10-20%, the amount of straw is increased by more than 30%, the raw materials of the formula are simple and easy to obtain, the cost is low, the burning of crop straws can be reduced, the recycling of agricultural waste resources is promoted, and good ecological benefits are achieved.

(2) The formula does not use traditional soil, uses humus soil instead, so that the strain matrix preparation method is simple, the weight of the strain matrix is reduced, and the transportation cost is reduced.

(3) The addition of the synthetic matrix such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate in the formula meets various nutrient elements required by growth of morchella esculenta, enables morchella esculenta mycelia in cultivars and nutrient bags to grow vigorously to form more sclerotia, and has an effect of improving the yield and quality of finally-harvested morchella esculenta sporocarp.

(4) The invention has good effect of promoting the growth of the morchella esculenta, saves the cost and can improve the yield and the quality of the morchella esculenta.

Detailed Description

The features and advantages of the present invention will be further understood from the following detailed description. The described embodiments are only some, not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.