阅读说明：本技术 一种高阻燃建筑外墙保温材料及其制备方法 (High-flame-retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘延宁 陈珂珩 于 2021-04-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种高阻燃建筑外墙保温材料及其制备方法,生产步骤如下：S1、取聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯、改性剂、发泡剂、阻燃剂以及抑烟剂置于发泡设备的工作反应釜中,搅拌0.5至2小时；S2、将改性聚醚多元醇转移至至发泡设备的发泡搅拌桶内。S3、加入预定重量百分比的异氰酸酯至发泡设备的发泡搅拌桶内,高速搅拌均匀发泡搅拌桶内的改性聚醚多元醇和异氰酸酯,制得混合原料；S4、发泡设备浇注混合原料至泡沫板材模具的空腔内,静置1至8小时；S5、取出阻燃高分子保温泡沫板材,即获得阻燃高分子保温泡沫板材。本发明科学提高阻燃改性,达到外墙保温材料火灾安全性的要求,从而减少建筑的火灾危害行为。(The invention provides a high flame-retardant building exterior wall heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the production steps are as follows: s1, putting polyether polyol, isocyanate, a modifier, a foaming agent, a flame retardant and a smoke suppressant into a working reaction kettle of foaming equipment, and stirring for 0.5 to 2 hours; and S2, transferring the modified polyether polyol into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment. S3, adding isocyanate with a preset weight percentage into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment, and uniformly stirring the modified polyether polyol and the isocyanate in the foaming stirring barrel at a high speed to obtain a mixed raw material; s4, pouring the mixed raw materials into a cavity of a foam plate mould by using foaming equipment, and standing for 1-8 hours; s5, taking out the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board to obtain the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board. The invention scientifically improves the flame retardant modification, meets the requirement of fire safety of the external wall heat-insulating material, and thus reduces the fire hazard behavior of buildings.)

1. A high flame-retardant building exterior wall heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following production steps: s1, putting polyether polyol, isocyanate, a modifier, a foaming agent, a flame retardant and a smoke suppressant into a working reaction kettle of foaming equipment, and stirring for 0.5 to 2 hours; the foaming agent is one or more of dichloromonofluoroethane 141b, water, petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane and isopentane; the modifier is one or more of D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, GY5 and RN 505; the flame retardant is one or a combination of more of RN087, montmorillonite, diatomite, wollastonite and silica;

s2, transferring the modified polyether polyol into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment; the polyether polyol is one or more of RN340, RN110, RN447 and RN 242.

S3, adding isocyanate with a preset weight percentage into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment, and uniformly stirring the modified polyether polyol and the isocyanate in the foaming stirring barrel at a high speed to obtain a mixed raw material;

s4, pouring the mixed raw materials into a cavity of a foam plate mould by using foaming equipment, and standing for 1-8 hours;

s5, taking out the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board to obtain the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board.

2. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the weight percentage of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate, the modifier, the foaming agent, the flame retardant and the smoke suppressant is 10-40: 0.1-10: 0-20: 0-10.

3. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S4, the inner side wall of the cavity of the foam board mold is coated with one or more combinations of release agent or polyethylene plastic film.

4. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 3, wherein the release agent is white vaseline.

5. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the polyether polyol RN 340: the RN 110: RN 447: the weight percentage of RN242 is 0.01-30: 0.01-10: 0.01-15: 0.01-30.

6. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the modifier D1: d2: d3: d4: d5: d6: GY 5: the weight percentage of RN505 is 0.01-0.1: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-1.0: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-1.0: 0.001-5.

7. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S1, the foaming agent dichloromonofluoroethane 141 b: water: petroleum ether: pentane: hexane: cyclohexane: cyclopentane: the weight percentage of the cyclic isopentane is 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0.

8. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S1, the flame retardant montmorillonite: diatomite: wollastonite: the weight percentage of the silicon dioxide is 0.01-10: 0.01-10: 0.01-10: 0.01-10.

9. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 8, wherein the particle size of the flame retardant montmorillonite is 1-1000 nm.

10. The high flame retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the smoke suppressant is one or more of 10 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide and 10 parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a high-flame-retardant building exterior wall thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Building energy conservation is a key field for implementing national energy conservation and emission reduction strategies. In recent years, research and application of heat insulating materials are receiving attention. Organic heat-insulating materials are widely used in China due to their excellent heat-insulating properties. In recent years, the polymer thermal insulation material is also popularized in China, and the use amount is increased rapidly year by year. Compared with other heat-insulating materials, the high polymer material has the advantages of lower heat conductivity coefficient, energy conservation, environmental protection, simple production process, short construction period, green and pollution-free preparation process, stable product performance and obvious advantages. Recently, fire caused by burning of the thermal insulation material of the exterior wall is endless because the structure of the organic polymer foam determines that the porous structure and the organic polymer foam contain a large amount of hydrocarbon chains, so that the organic polymer foam belongs to flammable polymer materials, and therefore, the flame retardant modification of the organic polymer is very important and urgent. After flame-retardant modification, in the processes of pyrolysis and combustion, the organic polymer material can accelerate the carbonization phenomenon of the organic polymer material, effectively prevent the propagation of oxygen and heat, play a role in protecting a matrix and prevent the further spread of fire.

Most of domestic building heat-insulating materials are still flammable high-molecular foam materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene and the like, and due to the porous structure, the large specific surface and various flammable components, a large amount of heat can be released in a short time in the combustion process, so that the fire safety hidden trouble problem cannot be ignored. Moreover, due to the porous structure and the composition of a large number of hydrocarbon chain segments, a large number of toxic smoke can be generated in the combustion process, which is the main cause of fire death, and the harm of the smoke is even more serious than the harm of the generated heat radiation, so that the traditional high polymer foam material does not meet the flame retardant requirement of national standards. The traditional solution is to add a large amount of additive flame retardant, and although a certain effect is achieved, the flame retardant standard which can not reach A level still exists. Therefore, the organic polymer foam material is subjected to flame-retardant, smoke-suppression and attenuation-reduction modification treatment, so that the fire spreading behavior of combustion is suppressed or delayed, and the occurrence of thermal ignition is avoided as much as possible.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a high-flame-retardant building external wall thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof, which scientifically improve flame-retardant modification, and meet the requirement of fire safety of the external wall thermal insulation material, thereby reducing the fire hazard behavior of the building.

The invention provides the following technical scheme

A high flame-retardant building exterior wall heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1, putting polyether polyol, isocyanate, a modifier, a foaming agent, a flame retardant and a smoke suppressant into a working reaction kettle of foaming equipment, and stirring for 0.5 to 2 hours; the foaming agent is one or more of dichloromonofluoroethane 141b, water, petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane and isopentane; the modifier is one or more of D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, GY5 and RN 505; the flame retardant is one or a combination of more of RN087, montmorillonite, diatomite, wollastonite and silica;

s2, transferring the modified polyether polyol into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment; the polyether polyol is one or more of RN340, RN110, RN447 and RN 242.

S3, adding isocyanate with a preset weight percentage into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment, and uniformly stirring the modified polyether polyol and the isocyanate in the foaming stirring barrel at a high speed to obtain a mixed raw material;

s4, pouring the mixed raw materials into a cavity of a foam plate mould by using foaming equipment, and standing for 1-8 hours;

s5, taking out the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board to obtain the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board.

Preferably, in the step S1, the weight percentage of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate, the modifier, the foaming agent, the flame retardant and the smoke suppressant is 10-40: 0.1-10: 0-20: 0-10.

Preferably, in step S4, the inner side walls of the cavity of the foam board mold are coated with one or more of a release agent or a polyethylene plastic film.

Preferably, the release agent is white petrolatum.

Preferably, in the step S2, the polyether polyol RN 340: the RN 110: RN 447: the weight percentage of RN242 is 0.01-30: 0.01-10: 0.01-15: 0.01-30.

Preferably, in the step S1, the modifier D1: d2: d3: d4: d5: d6: GY 5: the weight percentage of RN505 is 0.01-0.1: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-1.0: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-0.1: 0.01-1.0: 0.001-5

Preferably, in the step S1, the blowing agent dichloromonofluoroethane 141 b: water: petroleum ether: pentane: hexane: cyclohexane: cyclopentane: the weight percentage of the cyclic isopentane is 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0: 0.01-10.0

Preferably, in the step S1, the flame retardant montmorillonite: diatomite: wollastonite: the weight percentage of the silicon dioxide is 0.01-10: 0.01-10: 0.01-10: 0.01-10.

Preferably, in the step S1, the particle size of the flame retardant montmorillonite is 1 to 1000 nm.

Preferably, in the step S1, the smoke suppressant is one or more of 10 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide and 10 parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the preparation process is simple, the prepared high-flame-retardant polymer thermal insulation foam board is excellent in physical mechanical property and size stability, the high-flame-retardant polymer thermal insulation foam board is large in foaming amount, uniform and stable in foam, high in foam closed-cell rate and not prone to collapse, the using amount of the flame retardant is reduced, the production cost of an enterprise is reduced, toxic gas and dense smoke are not generated during combustion of the flame retardant, the flame-retardant polymer thermal insulation foam board meets the environment-friendly requirement, and the flame-retardant effect is far higher than the A level specified by the national standard flame-retardant level.

(2) According to the invention, the traditional polyether is modified into different reactive flame-retardant polyols through the multi-cage organic silicon flame retardant and the nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant, and the different reactive flame-retardant polyols are cooperated with the additive inorganic flame retardant to prevent the high polymer thermal degradation volatile matters from escaping, overcome the secondary combustion caused by melting and dripping and play a good flame-retardant role, so that the high-flame-retardant heat-insulation foam board which exceeds the national standard requirement can be prepared, and the problems of non-halogenation flame retardance and dripping of the high polymer foam material are effectively solved

Detailed Description

Example 1

A high flame-retardant building exterior wall heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1, putting polyether polyol, isocyanate, a modifier, a foaming agent, a flame retardant and a smoke suppressant into a working reaction kettle of foaming equipment, and stirring for 0.5 hour; the foaming agent is dichloromonofluoroethane 141b, water, petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane and isopentane; the modifier is D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, GY5 and RN 505; the flame retardant is RN087, montmorillonite, diatomite, wollastonite and silicon dioxide; the weight percentage of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate, the modifier, the foaming agent, the flame retardant and the smoke suppressant is 10:10:0.1:0:0: 0;

modifier D1: d2: d3: d4: d5: d6: GY 5: the weight percentage of RN505 is 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.001; blowing agent dichlorofluoroethane 141 b: water: petroleum ether: pentane: hexane: cyclohexane: cyclopentane: the weight percentage of the cyclic isopentane is 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01;

flame retardant montmorillonite: diatomite: wollastonite: the weight percentage of the silicon dioxide is 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01; the grain diameter of the flame retardant montmorillonite is 1 nm; the smoke suppressant is 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide in percentage by weight;

s2, transferring the modified polyether polyol into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment; the polyether polyols are RN340, RN110, RN447 and RN 242. Polyether polyol RN 340: the RN 110: RN 447: the weight percentage of RN242 is 0.01: 0.01: 0.01: 0.01;

s3, adding isocyanate with a preset weight percentage into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment, and uniformly stirring the modified polyether polyol and the isocyanate in the foaming stirring barrel at a high speed to obtain a mixed raw material;

s4, pouring the mixed raw materials into a cavity of a foam plate mould by using foaming equipment, and standing for 1 hour; the inner side wall of the cavity of the foam plate die is coated with a release agent or covered with a polyethylene plastic film; the release agent is white vaseline

S5, taking out the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board to obtain the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board.

Example 2

A high flame-retardant building exterior wall heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1, putting polyether polyol, isocyanate, a modifier, a foaming agent, a flame retardant and a smoke suppressant into a working reaction kettle of foaming equipment, and stirring for 0.5 to 2 hours; the foaming agent is dichloromonofluoroethane 141b, water, petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane and isopentane; the modifier is D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, GY5 and RN 505; the flame retardant is RN087, montmorillonite, diatomite, wollastonite and silicon dioxide; the weight percentage of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate, the modifier, the foaming agent, the flame retardant and the smoke suppressant is 25:25:5:5:10: 5;

modifier D1: d2: d3: d4: d5: d6: GY 5: the weight percentage of RN505 is 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 0.5: 2.5; blowing agent dichlorofluoroethane 141 b: water: petroleum ether: pentane: hexane: cyclohexane: cyclopentane: the weight percentage of the cyclic isopentane is 5:5:5: 5:5:5: 5: 5;

flame retardant montmorillonite: diatomite: wollastonite: the weight percentage of the silicon dioxide is 5:5:5: 5; the grain diameter of the flame retardant montmorillonite is 500 nm; the smoke suppressant is 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide in percentage by weight;

s2, transferring the modified polyether polyol into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment; the polyether polyols are RN340, RN110, RN447 and RN 242. Polyether polyol RN 340: the RN 110: RN 447: the weight percentage of RN242 is 15: 5: 7.5: 15

S3, adding isocyanate with a preset weight percentage into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment, and uniformly stirring the modified polyether polyol and the isocyanate in the foaming stirring barrel at a high speed to obtain a mixed raw material;

s4, pouring the mixed raw materials into a cavity of a foam plate mould by using foaming equipment, and standing for 4.5 hours; the inner side wall of the cavity of the foam plate die is coated with a release agent or covered with a polyethylene plastic film; the release agent is white vaseline

S5, taking out the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board to obtain the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board.

Example 3

A high flame-retardant building exterior wall heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1, putting polyether polyol, isocyanate, a modifier, a foaming agent, a flame retardant and a smoke suppressant into a working reaction kettle of foaming equipment, and stirring for 2 hours; the foaming agent is dichloromonofluoroethane 141b, water, petroleum ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclopentane and isopentane; the modifier is D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, GY5 and RN 505; the flame retardant is RN087, montmorillonite, diatomite, wollastonite and silicon dioxide; the weight percentage of the polyether polyol, the isocyanate, the modifier, the foaming agent, the flame retardant and the smoke suppressant is 40:40:10:10:20: 10;

modifier D1: d2: d3: d4: d5: d6: GY 5: the weight percentage of RN505 is 0.1: 0.1: 1.0: 0.1: 0.1: 0.1: 1.0: 5; blowing agent dichlorofluoroethane 141 b: water: petroleum ether: pentane: hexane: cyclohexane: cyclopentane: the weight percentage of the cyclic isopentane is 10.0: 10.0: 10.0: 10.0: 10.0: 10.0: 10.0: 10.0;

flame retardant montmorillonite: diatomite: wollastonite: the weight percentage of the silicon dioxide is 10:10: 10: 10; the grain diameter of the flame retardant montmorillonite is 1-1000 nm; the smoke suppressant is 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide and 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide in percentage by weight;

s2, transferring the modified polyether polyol into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment; the polyether polyols are RN340, RN110, RN447 and RN 242. Polyether polyol RN 340: the RN 110: RN 447: the weight percentage of RN242 is 30: 10: 15: 30

S3, adding isocyanate with a preset weight percentage into a foaming stirring barrel of foaming equipment, and uniformly stirring the modified polyether polyol and the isocyanate in the foaming stirring barrel at a high speed to obtain a mixed raw material;

s4, pouring the mixed raw materials into a cavity of a foam plate mould by using foaming equipment, and standing for 8 hours; the inner side wall of the cavity of the foam plate die is coated with a release agent or covered with a polyethylene plastic film; the release agent is white vaseline

S5, taking out the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board to obtain the flame-retardant polymer heat-insulation foam board.

Experimental analysis and test:

randomly purchasing commercially available high-flame-retardant building external wall heat-insulating materials as a comparison group 1 and a comparison group 2;

according to the formulas of the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention, the prepared products are respectively the following analysis data of the products of the experimental group 1, the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 3:

although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.