Radiator of fuel cell, heat dissipation system and vehicle
阅读说明：本技术 燃料电池的散热器、散热系统和车辆 (Radiator of fuel cell, heat dissipation system and vehicle ) 是由 魏长河 秦志东 王枫 王超 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开涉及一种燃料电池的散热器和散热系统、以及车辆,燃料电池的散热器包括散热器壳体(31)和集成固定在所述散热器壳体上的多个风扇(32),所述散热器壳体(31)内具有通过隔离腔(30)相隔开的第一散热回路(111)和第二散热回路(112),所述第一散热回路用于燃料电池堆(4)的散热,所述第二散热回路(112)用于燃料电池附件(5)的散热。将用于燃料电池堆的散热器和用于燃料电池附件的散热器集成设计为一个散热器,即,将燃料电池堆的散热和燃料电池附件的散热并联起来,共用一组风扇,通过两个独立的散热回路分别完成电池堆的散热和附件的散热,能够充分利用并联式散热器的散热能力,保证散热效率最大化,同时提高了空间的利用效率。(The present disclosure relates to a radiator and a heat dissipation system for a fuel cell, and a vehicle, the radiator for the fuel cell includes a radiator housing (31) and a plurality of fans (32) integrally fixed on the radiator housing, a first heat dissipation circuit (111) and a second heat dissipation circuit (112) separated by an isolation chamber (30) are provided in the radiator housing (31), the first heat dissipation circuit is used for dissipating heat of a fuel cell stack (4), and the second heat dissipation circuit (112) is used for dissipating heat of a fuel cell accessory (5). The radiator for the fuel cell stack and the radiator for the fuel cell accessories are integrally designed into one radiator, namely, the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack and the heat dissipation of the fuel cell accessories are connected in parallel, a set of fans are shared, the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack and the heat dissipation of the accessories are respectively completed through two independent heat dissipation loops, the heat dissipation capacity of the parallel radiator can be fully utilized, the heat dissipation efficiency is maximized, and the utilization efficiency of space is improved.)
1. A radiator for a fuel cell, comprising a radiator housing (31) and a plurality of fans (32) integrally fixed to the radiator housing (31), characterized in that the radiator housing (31) has therein a first heat dissipation circuit (111) and a second heat dissipation circuit (112) separated by an isolation chamber (30), the first heat dissipation circuit (111) being for heat dissipation from a fuel cell stack (4), and the second heat dissipation circuit (112) being for heat dissipation from a fuel cell accessory (5).
2. The radiator of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the fans (32) are arranged in order on an outer wall of the radiator housing (31) for radiating heat from the coolant circulating in the first heat radiating circuit (111) and the second heat radiating circuit (112), respectively.
3. The radiator of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the first heat dissipation loop (111) circulates ethylene glycol and deionized water, and the second heat dissipation loop (112) circulates ethylene glycol and water.
4. A heat dissipation system for a fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell stack (4), a fuel cell accessory (5), and a heat sink connected to the fuel cell stack (4) and the fuel cell accessory (5), wherein the heat sink is a heat sink for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-3, the fuel cell stack (4) is connected to a first heat dissipation loop (111) of the heat sink, and the fuel cell accessory (5) is connected to a second heat dissipation loop (112) of the heat sink.
5. The heat dissipation system for fuel cells according to claim 4, further comprising a first heat recovery branch (113) connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack (4) in the first heat dissipation loop (111), and a second heat recovery branch (114) connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack (5) in the second heat dissipation loop (112).
6. The heat dissipation system of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the position of the isolation chamber (30) within the radiator housing (31) and the number of the fans (32) are determined according to the amount of heat generated at the time of peak operation of the fuel cell stack (4) and the fuel cell accessories (5).
7. The heat dissipation system of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the number of fans for the fuel cell stack (4) and the number of fans for the fuel cell auxiliaries (5) are determined in accordance with heat dissipation amounts of the first heat dissipation circuit (111) and the second heat dissipation circuit (112), respectively.
8. The heat dissipation system of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the fans (32) are controlled to be turned on or off according to heat dissipation amounts of the first heat dissipation circuit (111) and the second heat dissipation circuit (112).
9. The heat dissipation system of a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein a water pump (6) is provided on each of the first heat dissipation circuit (111) and the second heat dissipation circuit (112), and the fuel cell accessory (5) includes at least one of an air compressor and a hydrogen pump.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising the radiator for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the heat dissipation system for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 4 to 9.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of heat dissipation of fuel cells, and in particular, to a heat sink, a heat dissipation system, and a vehicle for a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell, as a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, has the advantages of zero emission, no pollution, high efficiency, low noise and the like, and has wide application prospects and great market potential in the traffic field. In the related art, a heat dissipation system for a fuel cell includes a main radiator for dissipating heat of a fuel cell stack and an auxiliary radiator for dissipating heat of accessories, such as an air compressor, a hydrogen pump, and the like, which are independent from each other, and in general, the main radiator needs six radiators of electronic fans, which can just meet the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell stack on the peak power in the optimal state, and with the use of the fuel cell, the radiators of the six electronic fans are difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the peak power after the battery is attenuated by 20%; for the auxiliary radiator, the radiator of one electronic fan cannot meet the heat radiation requirement of the accessory radiator, and the radiators of two electronic fans cause low fan utilization rate, so that the main radiator cannot meet the heat radiation requirement of the fuel cell stack after attenuation, and the heat radiation quantity of the auxiliary radiator is redundant.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a radiator for a fuel cell, which can solve the technical problem that the primary radiator in the existing radiator cannot meet the heat dissipation requirement after the fuel cell stack is attenuated, and the heat dissipation capacity of the secondary radiator is redundant.
A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a heat dissipation system of a fuel cell, which includes a heat sink of the fuel cell provided by the present disclosure.
A third object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle including the radiator of the fuel cell or the heat radiation system of the fuel cell provided by the present disclosure.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a heat sink for a fuel cell, including a heat sink housing and a plurality of fans integrally fixed on the heat sink housing, wherein a first heat dissipation loop and a second heat dissipation loop separated by an isolation cavity are provided in the heat sink housing, the first heat dissipation loop is used for dissipating heat of a fuel cell stack, and the second heat dissipation loop is used for dissipating heat of fuel cell accessories.
Optionally, the fans are regularly arranged on the outer wall of the heat sink casing to respectively dissipate heat of the cooling liquid circulating in the first heat dissipation loop and the second heat dissipation loop.
Optionally, ethylene glycol and deionized water are circulated in the first heat dissipation loop, and ethylene glycol and water are circulated in the second heat dissipation loop.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a heat dissipation system for a fuel cell is further provided, including a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell accessory, and a heat sink connected to the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell accessory, where the heat sink is the heat sink for the fuel cell described above, the fuel cell stack is connected to a first heat dissipation loop of the heat sink, and the fuel cell accessory is connected to a second heat dissipation loop of the heat sink.
Optionally, the heat dissipation system further includes a first heat recovery branch connected to the first heat dissipation loop in parallel with the fuel cell stack, and a second heat recovery branch connected to the second heat dissipation loop in parallel with the fuel cell accessory.
Optionally, the location of the isolation chamber within the radiator housing and the number of fans are determined based on the amount of heat generated during peak operation of the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell accessories.
Alternatively, the number of fans for the fuel cell stack and the number of fans for the fuel cell accessories are determined according to the heat dissipation amounts of the first heat dissipation circuit and the second heat dissipation circuit, respectively.
Optionally, the fans are controlled to be turned on or off according to heat dissipation amounts of the first heat dissipation circuit and the second heat dissipation circuit.
Optionally, a water pump is disposed on each of the first heat dissipation loop and the second heat dissipation loop, and the fuel cell accessory includes at least one of an air compressor and a hydrogen pump.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the radiator of the fuel cell described above or the heat radiation system of the fuel cell described above.
Through the technical scheme, the radiator for the fuel cell stack and the radiator for the fuel cell accessories are integrally designed into one radiator, namely, the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack and the heat dissipation of the fuel cell accessories are connected in parallel, a set of fans are shared, the heat dissipation of the stack and the heat dissipation of the accessories are respectively completed through two independent heat dissipation loops, the heat dissipation capacity of the parallel radiator can be fully utilized, the heat dissipation efficiency is maximized, and the utilization efficiency of space is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of a radiator for dissipating heat of a fuel cell stack in the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a radiator for dissipating heat of a fuel cell accessory in the related art;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a radiator of a fuel cell provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a heat dissipation system of a fuel cell according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a design of a heat sink for a fuel cell provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a design of a radiator of a fuel cell according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of the reference numerals
11 fuel cell
21 fuel cell accessory radiator housing 22 fuel cell accessory radiator fan
31 radiator casing 32 fan
33 separator 4 fuel cell stack
5 Fuel cell Accessory 6 Water Pump
7 carriage 8 power battery
111 first heat dissipation loop 112 second heat dissipation loop
113 a first heat recovery branch 114 a second heat recovery branch
30 isolation chamber
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present disclosure, unless specified to the contrary, use of directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" generally refer to the inner and outer of the contours, and furthermore, the use of the terms "first" and "second" and the like in the present disclosure are intended to distinguish one element from another without order or importance, and the following description refers to the accompanying drawings in which the same number in different drawings indicates the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated.
As shown in fig. 1, six fuel cell stack
In view of the above problems, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present disclosure provides a heat sink for a fuel cell, the heat sink including a heat sink housing 31 and a plurality of fans 32 integrally fixed on the heat sink housing 31, the heat sink housing 31 having therein a first heat dissipation circuit 111 and a second heat dissipation circuit 112 separated by an isolation chamber 30, the first heat dissipation circuit 111 being used for heat dissipation of a fuel cell stack 4, and the second heat dissipation circuit 112 being used for heat dissipation of a fuel cell accessory 5. Here, it should be noted that the fuel cell accessories 5 may be an air compressor, a hydrogen pump, etc., and no limitation is made herein, and the heat sink provided by the present disclosure is designed based on the case where different cooling liquids are used for heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack 4 and heat dissipation of the fuel cell accessories 5.
Through the technical scheme, the radiator for the fuel cell stack 4 and the radiator for the fuel cell accessories 5 are integrally designed into one radiator, namely, the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack 4 and the heat dissipation of the fuel cell accessories 5 are connected in parallel, a group of fans 32 are shared, the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack 4 and the heat dissipation of the fuel cell accessories 6 are respectively completed through two independent heat dissipation loops, the heat dissipation capacity of the parallel radiator can be fully utilized, the heat dissipation efficiency is maximized, and meanwhile the utilization efficiency of space is improved.
The insulating chamber 30, the first heat dissipation circuit 111, and the second heat dissipation circuit 112 may be formed in various manners within the heat sink housing 1. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a plurality of flow channels are formed in the heat sink housing 31, two partition plates 33 are formed in the heat sink housing 1, the two partition plates 33 penetrate the flow channels and extend to the inner wall of the heat sink housing 31 at two ends, respectively, and the cavity between the two partition plates 33 is formed as the isolation cavity 30, so that the coolant flowing through the first heat dissipation circuit 111 and the second heat dissipation circuit 112 can be isolated, and the coolant is prevented from transferring heat through the partition plates 33. In other embodiments, the partition 33 may be integrally formed with the flow channel to ensure the installation strength of the partition 33, so as to separate the two heat dissipation circuits.
The number of the fans 32 is not limited herein, in the present embodiment, the fans 32 may be eight fans and are regularly arranged on the outer wall of the heat sink housing 31 to respectively dissipate heat of the coolant flowing through the first heat dissipation circuit 111 and the second heat dissipation circuit 112, and the number of the fans 32 may be increased or decreased according to the heat dissipation requirements of the fuel cell stack 4 and the fuel cell accessories 5, so as to ensure that both the heat dissipation requirements can be satisfied and the heat dissipation capacity is not redundant. Because the fuel cell stack 4 generates electric energy through electrochemical reaction, if ions exist in the coolant, the reaction of the fuel cell stack is affected, and the life of the fuel cell stack is reduced, therefore, deionized coolant (50% glycol + 50% deionized water) flows through the first heat dissipation loop 111, and common coolant, such as ethylene glycol and water, flows through the second heat dissipation loop 112, so that the heat dissipation effect on the fuel cell stack 4 and the fuel cell accessories 5 can be ensured. In other embodiments, the second heat dissipation loop 112 may also be water, which is not limited herein. By designing the flow rate of the cooling fluid in the heat sink shell 31 and the number of the fans 32, the same cooling fluid can flow through the first heat dissipation loop 111 and the second heat dissipation loop 112 on the premise of ensuring the heat dissipation effect, which both fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, a heat dissipation system of a fuel cell is further provided, the heat dissipation system includes a fuel cell stack 4, a fuel cell accessory 5, and a heat sink connected to the fuel cell stack 4 and the fuel cell accessory 5, wherein the heat sink is the heat sink of the fuel cell described above, the fuel cell stack 4 is connected to a first heat dissipation loop 111 of the heat sink, and the fuel cell accessory 5 is connected to a second heat dissipation loop 112 of the heat sink. The coolant circulating in the first heat dissipation loop 111 can take away heat generated in the working process of the fuel cell stack 4, the coolant circulating in the second heat dissipation loop 112 can take away heat generated in the working process of the fuel cell accessories 5, and the fan 32 can take away heat of the coolant circulating in the first heat dissipation loop 111 and the second heat dissipation loop 112, so that effective release of heat is realized, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged.
Further, the heat dissipation system for fuel cells provided by the present disclosure further includes a first heat recovery branch 113 connected to the first heat dissipation loop 111 in parallel with the fuel cell stack 4, and a second heat recovery branch 114 connected to the second heat dissipation loop 112 in parallel with the fuel cell stack 5. Specifically, the first heat recovery branch 113 may be a plate heat exchanger for heating the vehicle compartment 7, and when the ambient temperature decreases, the vehicle compartment 7 is heated by heat generated by the fuel cell stack 4 through the heat exchanger, and the second heat recovery branch 114 may be a plate heat exchanger for preserving heat of the power battery 8, and the power battery 8 is preserved heat by heat generated by the fuel cell accessory 5 through the heat exchanger, so as to fully utilize heat generated during the operation of the fuel battery.
Further, in order to allow the coolant to flow in the corresponding heat dissipation circuits, water pumps 6 for supplying power are provided in the first and second heat dissipation circuits 111 and 112, respectively.
In the heat dissipation system, the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the radiator housing 31, the number and the rotation speed of the fans 32, and the position of the isolation chamber 30 can be controlled to simultaneously satisfy the heat dissipation requirements of the fuel cell stack 4 and the fuel cell accessories 5, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency to be maximized. Specifically, the position of the insulating chamber 30 in the radiator housing 1 and the number of the fans 32 are determined according to the amount of heat generation at the time of peak operation of the fuel cell stack 4 and the fuel cell auxiliaries 5. The number of fans for the fuel cell stack 4 and the number of fans for the fuel cell auxiliaries 5 are determined according to the heat dissipation amounts of the first heat dissipation circuit 111 and the second heat dissipation circuit 112, respectively.
In addition, during the operation of the heat dissipation system of the fuel cell provided by the present disclosure, a controller connected to the plurality of fans 32 may be included, and the controller is configured to control the plurality of fans 32 to be turned on or off according to the heat dissipation amounts of the first heat dissipation circuit 111 and the second heat dissipation circuit 112. For example, before the fuel cell stack 4 decays, the first heat dissipation loop 111 can meet the heat dissipation requirement of the stack, at this time, a part of fans used for the fuel cell stack 4 may be controlled to be turned on, and when the fuel cell stack 4 decays for a period of time, the heat generation amount increases, and the controller may turn on the remaining fans that are not turned on to increase the heat dissipation amount. The control mode is also suitable for the fan of the fuel cell accessories 5, the heat dissipation effect is ensured, meanwhile, the waste of energy sources can be avoided, and the energy consumption is saved.
More specifically, when the fuel system provided by the present disclosure is designed, referring to the following process, as shown in fig. 5, step 101, the flow rate and the lift of the water pump in the first heat dissipation loop 111 are determined, in this step, as shown in fig. 6, according to the heat generation amount when the fuel cell stack 4 operates at different power points, the flow rate of the water pump is preliminarily set, and the pressure loss in the first heat dissipation loop 111 is calculated, and the water pump with the appropriate flow rate and lift is selected through the pressure loss;
step 102, determining the flow and the lift of the water pump in the second heat dissipation loop 112, in this step, as shown in fig. 6, according to the heat generation amount of the fuel cell accessory 5 during operation at different power points, initially setting the flow of the water pump, calculating the pressure loss in the second heat dissipation loop 112, and selecting the water pump with the appropriate flow and lift according to the pressure loss;
step 103, designing a flow channel of the radiator in the first heat dissipation loop 111 according to the heat generation amount of the fuel cell stack 4 at different power points, and calculating the pressure loss of the flow channel;
step 104, designing a flow channel of a radiator in the second heat dissipation loop 112 according to the heat generation quantity of different power points of the fuel cell accessories 5, and calculating the pressure loss of the flow channel;
step 105, determining the total number of fans 32 according to the total heat production quantity of the fuel cell stack 4 and the fuel cell accessories 5;
step 106, respectively determining the heat dissipation capacity of a radiator in the first heat dissipation loop 111 and the heat dissipation capacity of a radiator in the second heat dissipation loop 112 according to the flow rate, the lift and the pressure loss of the flow channel of the water pump;
step 107, respectively calculating the proportion of the fuel cell stack 4 occupying the fan and the proportion of the fuel cell accessories 5 occupying the fan according to the heat dissipation capacity;
in step 108, the number of fans for the fuel cell stack 4 and the number of fans for the fuel cell auxiliaries 5 are determined.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a vehicle including the above-mentioned radiator for a fuel cell or the above-mentioned cooling system for a fuel cell, where the vehicle has all the advantages of the above-mentioned radiator and cooling system, and redundant description is not repeated here.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
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