Clamping device
阅读说明:本技术 夹紧装置 (Clamping device ) 是由 卡尔·海斯坦德 于 2019-06-28 设计创作,主要内容包括:尤其用于机床(9)的夹紧装置(4),其例如设有用于夹持工件(10)的动力卡盘(100)且其夹爪(6)借助于夹紧装置(4)经由轴向可调节的作为操纵元件的拉杆(7,7‘)可被调节,其中,夹紧装置(4)具有经由两个传动链(111,113)与夹紧装置(4)相连接的用于触发夹紧运动的可切换的驱动电机(8)、用于将驱动电机(8)的转子轴(25)的调节运动转换成拉杆(7,7’)的对于操纵夹爪(6)必要的轴向调节运动的运动转换器(102)以及用于维持夹紧力的蓄力器,其中,两个传动链(111,113)由第一个和第二个相应地由两个皮带轮(12,14或者11,13)和经由这些皮带轮被引导的齿形皮带或驱动皮带(37,38)构成的皮带传动装置(121,123)构成。(Clamping device (4), in particular for a machine tool (9), which is provided, for example, with a power chuck (100) for clamping a workpiece (10) and whose clamping jaws (6) can be adjusted by means of the clamping device (4) via axially adjustable tie rods (7,7 ') as actuating elements, wherein the clamping device (4) has a switchable drive motor (8) which is connected to the clamping device (4) via two transmission chains (111,113) for triggering a clamping movement, a movement converter (102) for converting an adjusting movement of a rotor shaft (25) of the drive motor (8) into an axial adjusting movement of the tie rods (7, 7') which is necessary for actuating the clamping jaws (6), and a force accumulator for maintaining the clamping force, wherein the two transmission chains (111,113) are formed by a first and a second, in each case, by two belt pulleys (12,14 or 11,13) and a toothed belt or drive belt (37), 38) the belt transmission devices (121,123) are formed.)
1. Clamping device (4), in particular for a machine tool (9), which is provided, for example, with a power chuck (100) for clamping a workpiece (10) and whose clamping jaws (6) can be adjusted by means of the clamping device (4) via axially adjustable tie rods (7,7 ') as actuating elements, wherein the clamping device (4) has a switchable drive motor (8) which is connected to the clamping device (4) via two transmission chains (111,113) for triggering a clamping movement, a movement converter (102) for converting an actuating movement of a rotor shaft (25) of the drive motor (8) into an axial actuating movement of the tie rods (7, 7') which is necessary for actuating the clamping jaws (6), and a force accumulator for maintaining the clamping force, wherein the two transmission chains (111,113) are formed from a first and a second, in each case, by two belt pulleys (12,14 or 11,13) and a belt drive (121,123) which is formed by toothed belts or drive belts (37,38) guided via these belt pulleys, characterized in that a distributor housing (1,1 ') is screwed on the headstock of the machine tool (9), through the housing side wall (23) of which the rotor shaft (25) projects into the interior of the distributor housing (1, 1') and at which the output pulley (12) of the first belt drive (121) is driven via at least one toothing (39,52,54,56,84,82) for triggering a clamping movement of the connecting pulley (14) relative to the second belt drive (123).
2. The clamping device (4) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a drive flange (30) is arranged on the rotor shaft (25) of the drive motor (8) in a rotationally fixed manner, which drives an output pulley (12) of the first belt drive (121) via a transmission (15,32,33,34) for triggering the clamping movement.
3. Clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an input shaft (35) on which the output pulley (12) of the first belt drive (121) is rotatably supported and on which the connecting pulley (14) of the second belt drive (123) is supported non-rotatably is supported on the rotor shaft (25).
4. The clamping device (4) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive flange (30) is rotatably supported in an opening (80) of a side wall housing (23) of the distributor housing (1) and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a rotor shaft (25) of the drive motor (8).
5. Clamping device (4) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the drive flange (30) has a bolt (31) which is offset in an axially parallel manner with respect to the rotational axis (56), on which bolt a double gear wheel (32) is rotatably supported which meshes with an intermediate gear wheel (34) which is rotatably supported on an input shaft (35) of the transmission and meshes with a further double gear wheel (33) which is rotatably supported on a bolt (36) of the side housing wall (28) and which in turn meshes with a toothing (39) of the connecting hub (15) which is connected rotationally fixed to the output pulley (12).
6. The clamping device (4) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the double gear (32) has two different diameters with correspondingly different toothing (52,53), and the toothing (52) of the larger diameter meshes with the toothing (82) at the outer circumference of the input shaft (35).
7. Clamping device (4) according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the double gear (33) has two different diameters with respective different toothing (56,54), with the smaller diameter toothing (56) meshing with the toothing (84) of the intermediate gear (34) and the larger diameter toothing (54) meshing with the toothing (39) of the connecting hub (15).
8. Clamping device (4) according to claim 1, characterised in that the rotor shaft (25) is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the flange (90), which can be coupled in a form-fitting manner to the output pulley (12) by means of a pressure cylinder (2) via an axially displaceable coupling disk (29).
9. The clamping device (4) according to claim 1 or 8, characterised in that the flange (90) has the toothing (88) in the direction of the coupling disk (29), which can be positively connected with the toothing (57) of the coupling disk (29).
10. The clamping device (4) according to one of claims 1,8 or 9, characterised in that the pressure cylinder (2) is formed by a piston (92) which is inserted in the cylinder and can be acted on one side by a pressure medium.
11. The clamping device (4) according to one of claims 1,8 to 10, characterized in that an axially movable piston (92) rests at 63 at the coupling disc (29) via the ball bearings 62a/b in the case of pressure loading.
12. The clamping device (4) according to one of claims 1,8 to 11, characterized in that the piston returns into the rest position in the case of a return force of the spring (65) in the case of a pressure-relieved loading.
13. The clamping device (4) according to one of claims 1,8 to 12, characterised in that the coupling disk (29) returns into the rest position in the event of a return force of the spring (61) in the event of a pressure-relieved loading.
14. The clamping device (4) as claimed in one of claims 1,8 to 12, characterized in that the coupling disk (29) has a toothing (58), which in the rest position of the coupling disk (29) interacts with a toothing (87) of a connecting lug (85), which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the connecting pulley (14).
Technical Field
The object of the invention is a clamping device, in particular for a machine tool, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Background
Such clamping devices are provided, for example, with a power chuck for clamping a workpiece, the clamping jaws of which can be adjusted by means of the clamping device via axially adjustable tie rods as actuating elements. For this purpose, the clamping device has a switchable drive motor which is connected to the clamping device via a transmission chain for triggering a clamping movement, and a movement converter for converting an actuating movement of a rotor shaft of the drive motor into an axial actuating movement of the tie rod which is necessary for actuating the clamping jaws. Additionally, an accumulator is used to maintain the clamping force.
EP 3127640 a1 discloses a clamping device, in particular for a clamping tool of a machine tool, which is provided with a power chuck for clamping a workpiece, the clamping jaws of which can be adjusted by means of the clamping device via axially adjustable tie rods as actuating elements.
For this purpose, the clamping device has a switchable drive motor connected to the clamping device via a transmission chain for triggering a clamping movement, a movement converter for converting an actuating movement of a rotor shaft of the drive motor into an axial actuating movement of a pull rod, which is necessary for actuating the clamping jaws, and an accumulator for maintaining the clamping force.
On the externally mounted servomotor, a first pulley on its rotor shaft with a rotor hub, a second pulley, a rotatable, planar coupling unit and a medium-actuated cylinder and a cylinder housing are supported.
The two drive chains are formed by a first and a second belt drive, each of which is formed by two belt pulleys and a toothed belt and a drive belt guided via these belt pulleys. These toothed belts or drive belts are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the clamping tool of the spindle.
In the clamping position of the clamping device, the two belt discs arranged on the bearing hub can be coupled to each other by means of a servo device. Here, it is a medium-operated servo device for coupling two pulleys, whose cylinder and its cylinder housing are supported in a rotatable manner on a rotor hub of a rotor. In the decoupled state of the two pulleys, the first pulley, which is connected to the rotor shaft via the rotor hub, can be twisted relative to the second pulley, wherein the input pulley of the clamping tool is twisted and its clamping force is changed.
After the desired higher/lower clamping force of the clamping tool has been reached, the two pulleys are coupled again with the planar toothing and the clamping force reached by the clamping tool at a certain rotational speed is ensured by the mutual tensioning of their belts.
In the clamped operating state, the rotor shaft of the electric motor rotates together with the rotor hub, the first belt pulley connected in a rotationally fixed manner thereon, the coupled second belt pulley, and the coupling piece of the planar toothing rotates together with the spindle and the clamping tool, wherein the total weight and tensile forces of the two belts act on the rotor shaft and on the motor bearing.
In the case of all further known actuating devices, the electric motor is permanently rotated at a certain rotational speed and with a torque which is inactive for the clamping tool and requires and consumes electrical energy in order to obtain the clamping force of the clamping tool.
In this clamping device, it is disadvantageous that the motor rotor of the externally mounted adjustable servomotor must be permanently driven synchronously with the spindle speed by the energy input and therefore consumes energy. If the servomotor is in turn driven by the spindle of the machine, it generates an electric current, wherein the torque for generating the electric current has to be applied by the spindle motor of the machine. The resulting currents of the servo motors have to be offset in a complex manner, since no input into the power grid is possible.
On the permanently rotating rotor shaft, all parts of the switching unit are cantilevered and wear-resistant on the motor bearing by the weight and tension of the two belts clamped against each other.
A stop of the motor rotor in the case of the rotational speed of the spindle is not possible, since the first belt pulley is connected in a rotationally fixed manner via a belt to a pulley of the rotating clamping tool and the motor rotor rotates at the same rotational speed.
Adjustment of the two belt pulleys relative to one another is not possible without disengagement of the planar toothing.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is therefore to design a clamping device of the type mentioned above in such a way that the control and construction costs can be kept extremely low, whereby the susceptibility to interference should be reduced to a minimum, so that reliable energy-free operation of the clamping device is ensured over a long period of time.
The object on which the invention is based is achieved by the features of the independent patent claim 1, while advantageous embodiments and refinements of the invention are evident from the dependent claims.
According to the invention, the machine tool is screwed to a distributor housing, with the housing side wall of which the rotor shaft projects into the interior of the distributor housing and drives the output pulley of the first belt drive via at least one toothing for triggering a clamping movement relative to the connecting pulley of the second belt drive.
The first pulley for adjusting the clamping force of the clamping tool can thus be separated from the motor shaft, i.e. the rotor shaft of the motor can be separated in the coupled state of the two pulleys. Thus, a large locking force no longer acts on the axial support of the electric machine in the coupled state via the flat toothing of the two toothed pulleys.
A drive flange is arranged on the rotor shaft of the drive motor in a rotationally fixed manner, which drives an output pulley of the first belt drive via a gear for triggering the clamping movement.
An input shaft is likewise rotatably supported on the rotor shaft, on which the output pulley of the first belt drive is rotatably supported and the connecting pulley of the second belt drive is supported in a rotationally fixed manner.
The drive flange is rotatably supported in an opening of a side wall housing of the distributor housing and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a rotor shaft of the drive motor.
The drive flange shaft has a bolt which is offset parallel to the rotational axis and on which a coupling gear wheel is rotatably supported, which meshes with an intermediate gear wheel which is rotatably supported on the input shaft of the transmission and meshes with a further double gear wheel which is rotatably supported on the bolt of the side housing wall and which in turn meshes with a toothing of the connecting hub, which toothing is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output pulley.
The double gear has two different diameters with correspondingly different toothing, wherein the larger diameter toothing meshes with the toothing at the outer periphery of the input shaft.
The other double gearwheel, which is rotatably supported on the bolts of the side wall housing, likewise has two different diameters with correspondingly different toothing, wherein the smaller-diameter toothing meshes with the toothing of the intermediate gearwheel and the larger-diameter toothing meshes with the toothing of the connecting hub.
A further feature of a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the rotor shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a flange which can be coupled in a form-fitting manner to the output pulley by means of a pressure cylinder via an axially displaceable coupling disk.
The flange has teeth in the direction of the coupling disk, which can be positively connected to the teeth of the coupling disk.
The pressure cylinder is formed by a piston which is inserted into the cylinder and is acted upon on one side by a pressure medium, wherein the axially displaceable piston rests on the coupling disk in the pressure-loaded state.
In the case of a pressure-loaded release, the piston returns into the rest position with a spring return force, and the coupling disk likewise returns into the rest position with a return force of the further spring.
The coupling disk has a toothing which, in the rest position of the coupling disk, interacts with a toothing of a connecting cam, which is connected to the connecting pulley in a rotationally fixed manner.
The inventive object of the invention is to be found not only in the object of the individual patent claims but also in the combination of the individual patent claims with one another.
All the matters and features disclosed in the attached claims, including the abstract, particularly the spatial arrangements shown in the drawings, are to be protected as important for the invention, insofar as they are novel individually or in any combination with respect to the prior art.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated below by means of the attached drawings showing various implementation approaches. Further features and advantages of the invention which are essential to the invention are apparent from the drawing and its description.
If individual objects are referred to as "important" or "important" for the present invention, this does not mean that the objects must form the objects of the independent claims. This is only to be determined by the correspondingly adapted text of the independent patent claims.
Wherein:
FIG. 1: a cross-sectional illustration of the clamping device is shown,
FIG. 2: showing a cross-sectional representation of the dispenser housing (variant 1)
FIG. 3: showing a cross-sectional representation of the dispenser housing (variant 2)
FIG. 4: showing a cross-sectional representation of the dispenser housing (variant 2)
FIG. 5: schematic illustrations of a dispenser housing according to
Detailed Description
The
The
The
On the side facing the
The
An externally arranged drive and distributor housing 1, 1' is screwed in a stationary manner on the headstock of the
The
The drive motor 8 in the dispenser housing 1 is in driving connection with the
The
The
In contrast, the
Here, the
The
In order to brake the
The operating position of the
If the adjustment of the gripper jaws 6 is to be carried out in order to release the
In order to introduce or change the clamping force of the clamping jaws 6, the torque of the drive motor 8 is thus transmitted. In this case, the
In the case of a movement of the
In the event of reaching the set torque for increasing or decreasing the clamping force of the clamping tool 6,100, the drive motor 8 is switched off again and the
In this operating state, the two belt pulleys 12 and 14 are again rotated synchronously with one another and the clamping device 1 is locked, so that the treatment process can be carried out.
Different sensors are provided for monitoring the respective operating state. The tie rod 7 thus functions together with a
Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the dispenser housing 1. The
The other
The connecting
The
The connecting
In the initial state, the
In this operating state, the
On the
Further, the
If a setting movement of the headstock should occur at this time, a rotational movement is transmitted via the servomotor 8 to the
Thus, the
Here, an upshift gear is present at the
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the distributor housing 1' in which the double and
The
Between the outer periphery of the
The
The
The
The connecting
The
Below the splines 60, the drive
Fig. 4 shows an operating state in which the drive motor 8 is switched on in order to bring about an adjusting movement of the clamping jaws 6. To this end, the
The
The actuation of the
Perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
If the
In this case, the connection between the
Thus, the rotationally driven
The
It is therefore possible to move the
If pressure is no longer applied to the
Likewise,
Fig. 5a shows a schematic representation of a dispenser housing according to variant 1 with a mounted transmission.
Fig. 5b shows a schematic representation of a distributor housing according to
List of reference numerals
1. Distributor housing 1'
2. Pressure cylinder
3. Adjusting unit
4. Clamping device
5. Motion converter
6. Clamping jaw
7. Pull rod 7'
8. Driving motor
9. Machine tool
10. Workpiece
11. Input belt pulley
12. Output belt pulley
13. Main shaft belt pulley
14. Connecting belt pulley
15. Connecting hub
16. Sensor with a sensor element
17. Twist stop
18. Pressure joint
19. Force sensor
20. Displacement sensor
21. Spindle nut
22. Intermediate element
23. Outer cover side wall (Motor side)
24. Drilling holes
25. Rotor shaft
26. Widening part
27. Drive hollow shaft
28. Side shell wall (Belt side)
29. Coupling disc
30. Drive flange
31. Bolt
32. Double planetary gears connected with 30
33. Planetary double gear
34. Intermediate gear (central gear) meshing with 32 and 33
35. Input shaft
36. Bolt
37. Leather belt
38. Leather belt
39. Toothed section
40. Nut
41. Sealing element
42. Sealing element
43. Sealing element
44. Rolling bearing
45. Pressing bolt
46. Groove
Bearing of (90)
48. Spline connection
49. Rolling bearing
50. Rolling bearing
51. Bearing assembly
52. (31) teeth
53. Toothed section
54. Toothed section
55. Screw connection
56. Axis of rotation
57. Plane tooth part
58. Plane tooth part
59. Bolt
60. Spline
61. Spring
62. Bearing a, b
63. Contact surface
Projection of (23)
65. Spring
66. Spline connection
67. Rolling bearing
68. Sliding bearing
69. Blind hole
70. Spline connection
71. Rolling bearing
72. Bearing assembly
73. (of 109)
Tooth portion of (109)
Side of (15)
76. Sleeve pipe
77. Disc with a circular groove
78. Rolling bearing
79. Rolling bearing
80. Opening of the container
81. Opening of the container
82. (of 35)
83. Rolling bearing
84. (of 34) teeth
85. Connecting projection
86. Screw nail
87. (85) teeth
88. (of 26)
89. Opening of the container
90. Flange
91. Volume of cylinder
92. Piston
93. Blind hole
94. Blind hole
95. Direction of arrow
96. Bolt
97. Side housing wall
100. Power chuck
101. Deflection rod
102. Motion converter
103. Machine main shaft
104. Electric machine
105. Rolling bearing
106. Power accumulator
107. Outer casing
108. Spindle nut
109. Double gear
110. Hollow shaft
111. Transmission chain
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