阅读说明：本技术 一种可以直观识别雪地伪装的检验镜及制备方法 (Inspection mirror capable of visually identifying snowfield camouflage and preparation method ) 是由 顾勇 吴建业 万鹏 王中伟 刘习健 陈红兵 于 2020-04-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种可以直观识别雪地伪装的检验镜及制备方法,可以识别颜色与雪地背景相同而光谱与雪地不同的人工白色材料。本发明以ZWB2滤光玻璃作为基底材料,在ZWB2滤光玻璃的两个表面镀减反增透膜;所述减反增透膜为高折射率镀膜材料和低折射率镀膜材料多次交替镀膜而成。高折射率镀膜材料为高纯度氧化锆ZrO<Sub>2</Sub>,低折射率镀膜材料为高纯度MgF。与现有技术相比,本发明使用简单,任何作战人员佩戴上本发明的伪装白色检验镜,只要稍加培训,就可以直观识别判断出敌方经一般人工白色材料伪装的目标；任何工程伪装人员,可以直观识别判断所实施伪装的效果。本发明一经装备后,平时检测及使用过程中基本不再发生费用,效费比高。(A checking mirror capable of visually recognizing snowfield camouflage and a preparation method thereof can recognize artificial white materials which have the same color as a snowfield background and different spectrums from the snowfield. According to the invention, ZWB2 filter glass is used as a substrate material, and antireflection coatings are plated on two surfaces of ZWB2 filter glass, wherein the antireflection coatings are formed by alternately plating a high-refractive-index coating material and a low-refractive-index coating material for multiple times. The high-refractive-index coating material is high-purity zirconium oxide ZrO 2 Low refractive index platingThe membrane material is high-purity MgF. Compared with the prior art, the camouflage white inspection mirror is simple to use, and any fighter can visually identify and judge the target disguised by the common artificial white material by wearing the camouflage white inspection mirror; any engineering camouflage personnel can visually identify and judge the implemented camouflage effect. Once the device is equipped, the cost is basically not generated in the detection and use processes at ordinary times, and the efficiency-cost ratio is high.)

1. The utility model provides a can audio-visual discernment disguised inspection mirror in snowfield which characterized in that: taking ZWB2 filter glass as a substrate material, and plating antireflection films on two surfaces of ZWB2 filter glass, wherein the antireflection films are formed by alternately plating high-refractive-index film plating materials and low-refractive-index film plating materials for multiple times; the high-refractive-index coating material is high-purity zirconium oxide ZrO₂The low-refractive-index coating material is high-purity MgF.

2. The inspection mirror capable of visually identifying the snowfield camouflage according to claim 1, wherein the ZWB2 filter glass is black colored glass, and antireflection coatings are plated on two surfaces of the ZWB2 filter glass, so that the transmittance is increased in a blue light band (380 nm-410 nm) of short wave and a red light band (690 nm-760 nm) of long wave.

3. The inspection mirror capable of visually identifying the snowfield camouflage according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the ZWB2 filter glass is 1-2 mm, the optimal thickness is 1.5mm, and the antireflection coatings plated on the two surfaces of the ZWB2 filter glass are 2.5-2.8 μm.

4. The inspection mirror capable of visually recognizing the snowfield camouflage according to claim 1, wherein the ZWB2 filter glass surface coating film system structure is as follows:

（0.5HL0.5H）^Staking the center wavelength λ₀≈532nm

Wherein: h, high refractive index coating material, the optical thickness of which is one quarter of the central wavelength; l is a low refractive index coating material, the optical thickness of which is one quarter of the central wavelength; s- -number of cycles, λ₀-a central wavelength; wherein the high refractive index coating material is high-purity zirconium oxide ZrO₂And the low refractive index coating material is high-purity magnesium fluoride MgF; s = 6.

5. The inspection mirror capable of visually recognizing the snowfield camouflage according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the high refractive index coating material and the low refractive index coating material are alternately coated for a plurality of times, wherein the high refractive index coating material is coated with 6 to 7 layers, the low refractive index coating material is coated with 6 to 7 layers, the high refractive index coating material and the low refractive index coating material are coated with 12 to 14 layers in total, and the formed antireflection film (AR film) is 12 to 14 layers in total.

6. A method for manufacturing a checking mirror capable of visually recognizing snowy camouflaging according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:

a. cleaning ZWB2 filter glass in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, then placing the cleaned ZWB2 filter glass on a workpiece frame, placing the workpiece frame in a vacuum chamber of a vacuum coating machine, closing a chamber door, and vacuumizing the vacuum chamber;

b. when the vacuum degree reaches 3 × 10^-1Heating ZWB2 filter glass at 200-220 deg.c under Pa and vacuumizing;

c. when the vacuum degree reaches 5 × 10^-3At Pa, starting to apply high refractive index coating material ZrO₂And low refractive index coating materials MgF are pre-melted respectively, and the two coating materials are respectively arranged in different crucibles of the electron gun;

d. after the pre-melting is finished, the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber reaches 2 × 10^-3When Pa, starting coating; due to ZrO₂Because the oxide is easy to deoxidize when it is vaporized to form film, it is necessary to fill oxygen into the vacuum chamber and ensure that the vacuum degree is not lower than 1 × 10^-3Pa ～2×10^{- 3}Pa; the vacuum coating machine is provided with a mass flow meter and a pressure controller so as to control the amount of oxygen filled and the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber; when coating, the high-refractivity coating material ZrO is required to be well controlled₂Film forming rates of two coating materials, namely MgF (magnesium fluoride) and MgF (magnesium fluoride); high refractive index coating material ZrO₂Typical film formation rates are: 0.35nm/S to 0.40nm/S, and MgF as a low-refractive-index coating material has a general film-forming rate: 0.7 nm/S-0.9 nm/S;

e. filter glass for ZWB2The two surfaces of the glass need to be plated with AR film systems and high-refractive-index film-coating materials ZrO₂12-14 layers of the low-refractive-index coating material MgF;

f. and e), after the working procedure e) is finished, closing the electron gun, the baking heater and the high vacuum valve, filling the atmosphere into the vacuum chamber to normal pressure after the temperature of the vacuum chamber is reduced to be lower than 80 ℃, opening the door of the vacuum chamber, taking out the filter lens coated with the film, and preparing the inspection mirror capable of visually identifying the snowfield camouflage by using the filter lens.

7. The method for preparing inspection mirror capable of visually recognizing white camouflage according to claim 6, wherein the high refractive index coating material ZrO₂The purity is 99.5 percent, and the purity of the MgF material with low refractive index is 99.8 percent.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a checking mirror capable of forming a specific transmission spectrum and used for identifying snowfield camouflage and a film manufacturing method thereof. The invention is a very convenient device which can visually identify the snow camouflage and the camouflage degree thereof, and furthermore, the invention can identify the artificial white material which has the same color with the snow background and the different spectrum with the snow.

Background

The conventional detection means of the white camouflage material mainly adopts an ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectrophotometer to test the spectral reflection characteristic curve of the material in an indoor environment, the whiteness of the material can be obtained by calculation, and professional personnel are required to test and analyze result data; in the field environment, a field transient spectrometer with an ultraviolet band can be used for testing the spectral reflection characteristic of the material, the test result is greatly influenced by solar irradiation, test angle, distance and the like, and professional personnel are also required to operate the test and analyze the result. In comparison, both indoor and outdoor tests have the disadvantages of long time consumption and high cost, and cannot visually judge the camouflage effect. An ultraviolet imaging system is also built by adopting a photomultiplier tube, an ultraviolet filter and the like, and the ultraviolet camouflage effect is evaluated by shooting a visible light picture of a display screen of the ultraviolet imaging system, but the imaging effect is poor due to the influence of the sensitivity and the like of the photomultiplier tube, and professional personnel are also required to operate, analyze and judge.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a checking mirror capable of identifying an artificial white material with the same color as a snow background but different spectrum.

The invention also aims to provide the inspection mirror and a preparation method of the surface antireflection film (AR film) of the inspection mirror.

The technical conception of the invention is as follows: the essence of optical camouflage is the spectral reflectance characteristic of the simulated background, and for winter white snow backgrounds, the most important is the spectral reflectance characteristic of the simulated snow, whereas generally artificial white materials have different spectral reflectance curves from typical snow backgrounds, see fig. 1 and 2, with wavelength (in nm) on the abscissa and spectral reflectance (%) on the ordinate. Fig. 1 is a spectral reflectance curve of a typical snowfield background, where 1 is a spectral reflectance curve of fine snow, 2 is a spectral reflectance curve of medium-grained snow, and 3 is a spectral reflectance curve of coarse-grained snow. FIG. 2 is a spectrum curve of various artificial white materials, wherein the curve A shows the artificial white materials with ideal ultraviolet camouflage effect; the curve B shows that the common artificial white material cannot be used for ultraviolet camouflage; the curve C shows an artificial white material with an intermediate uv camouflage effect. As can be seen from fig. 1: in a visible light near-infrared band (380-1200 nm), the spectral reflection coefficient of a snow background is very high, about 80%, and basically presents a straight line; in the near ultraviolet band (300-380 nm), the reflection coefficient is still more than 70% from 380nm to 300nm, and the wavelength is from 380nm to 300 nm. As can be seen from fig. 2, the spectral reflectance of a conventional artificial white material begins to decrease rapidly, typically from around 400 nm. Due to the inherent spectral characteristics of the snow background, the spectrum of the artificial white material simulating the snow background also puts corresponding requirements on the ultraviolet band (such as the reflection coefficient at 350nm is not less than 70% and the whiteness is higher than 90).

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the difference of spectral reflection of the snow background and the common artificial white material in the purple (near ultraviolet) wave band is amplified by processing a special optical filter, so that the aim of distinguishing the difference by observing with human eyes is fulfilled. According to the invention, ZWB2 filter glass is used as a substrate material, and antireflection films (AR films) are plated on two surfaces of ZWB2 filter glass, wherein the antireflection films (AR films) are formed by alternately plating high-refractive-index film plating materials and low-refractive-index film plating materials for multiple times; high refractive index coating materialThe material is high-purity zirconium oxide ZrO₂The low-refractive-index coating material is high-purity MgF.

The ZWB2 filter glass is black colored glass, and the transmittance is increased in a short-wave blue light wave band (380 nm-410 nm) and a long-wave red light wave band (690 nm-760 nm) by plating antireflection films (AR films) on the two surfaces of the ZWB2 filter glass.

The thickness of the ZWB2 filter glass is 1-2 mm, the optimal thickness is 1.5mm, and the thickness of the antireflection film (AR film) plated on the two surfaces of the ZWB2 filter glass is 2.5-2.8 μm.

The ZWB2 light filtering glass can transmit a great amount of purple light, near ultraviolet ray, red light and near infrared ray at two ends of a visible light spectrum, other wave bands of the visible light can hardly transmit the light, snow is purple under the observation of the inspection mirror, and white materials with high ultraviolet reflection similar to snow are purple. The purple light and white material with low ultraviolet reflection are red or dark red; while white materials with lower uv reflectance appear purple red or bluish-purple (distinguishable from purple).

The invention selects ZWB2 filter glass as a substrate material, increases the transmissivity in the blue light wave band (about 380 nm-410 nm) of short wave and the red light wave band (about 690 nm-760 nm) of long wave by plating antireflection films (AR films) on both sides, and has the following film system structure:

（0.5HL0.5H）^Staking the center wavelength λ₀≈532nm

Wherein: h, high refractive index coating material, the optical thickness of which is one quarter of the central wavelength; l is a low refractive index coating material, the optical thickness of which is one quarter of the central wavelength; s- -number of cycles, λ₀-a central wavelength. (0.5HL0.5H means that the film system period is 0.5 lambda first during film coating₀Thickness of high refractive index material, then 1 λ₀Thickness of low refractive index material, then again 0.5 λ₀A thickness of high index material).

Wherein the high refractive index coating material is high-purity zirconium oxide ZrO₂And the low refractive index coating material is high-purity magnesium fluorideMgF, S =6, which means that this antireflection filter film (AR film) has 13 layers in total.

The high-refractive-index coating material and the low-refractive-index coating material are alternately coated for multiple times, wherein 6-7 layers of high-refractive-index coating material are coated, 6-7 layers of low-refractive-index coating material are coated, 12-14 layers of high-refractive-index coating material and low-refractive-index coating material are co-coated, and 12-14 layers of anti-reflection and anti-reflection film (AR film) are formed.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a checking mirror capable of visually identifying snowfield camouflage, which adopts a vacuum evaporation coating method and comprises the following procedures:

a. cleaning ZWB2 filter glass in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, then placing the cleaned ZWB2 filter glass on a workpiece frame, placing the workpiece frame in a vacuum chamber of a vacuum coating machine, closing a chamber door, and vacuumizing the vacuum chamber;

b. when the vacuum degree reaches 3 × 10^-1Heating ZWB2 filter glass at 200-220 deg.c under Pa and vacuumizing;

c. when the vacuum degree reaches 5 × 10^-3At Pa, starting to apply high refractive index coating material ZrO₂And low refractive index coating materials MgF are pre-melted respectively, and the two coating materials are respectively arranged in different crucibles of the electron gun;

d. after the pre-melting is finished, the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber reaches 2 × 10^-3When Pa, starting coating; due to ZrO₂Because the oxide is easy to deoxidize when it is vaporized to form film, it is necessary to fill oxygen into the vacuum chamber and ensure that the vacuum degree is not lower than 1 × 10^-3Pa ～2×10^{- 3}Pa; the vacuum coating machine is provided with a mass flow meter and a pressure controller so as to control the amount of oxygen filled and the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber; ZrO needs to be well controlled during film coating₂The film forming rate of the two coating materials MgF; ZrO (ZrO)₂Typical film formation rates are: 0.35nm/S to 0.40nm/S, and MgF has a general film formation rate of: 0.7 nm/S-0.9 nm/S;

e. for both surfaces of ZWB2 filter glass, AR coating systems are required to be coated, and high-refractive-index coating material ZrO is required to be coated₂The film coating material and the low-refractive-index film coating material MgF account for about 13 layers;

f. and e), after the step e) is finished (after the film coating is finished), closing the electron gun, the baking heater, the high vacuum valve and the like, filling the atmosphere into the vacuum chamber to normal pressure after the temperature of the vacuum chamber is reduced to be lower than 80 ℃, opening the door of the vacuum chamber, taking out the film-coated filter lens, and preparing the inspection mirror capable of visually identifying the snowfield camouflage by using the filter lens.

The high-refractive-index coating material ZrO of the invention₂The purity is 99.5 percent, and the purity of the MgF material with low refractive index is 99.8 percent.

The principle of the invention for identifying the white camouflage material is as follows: the principle of heterochromatic homochromatic principle and chromaticity analysis for detecting the spectral reflection difference of white materials from a white inspection mirror is that the spectral power distribution of a light source is substantially changed, so that the homochromatic conditions of two heterochromatic whites are obviously changed to generate color difference: two white colors of the same color under one lighting condition become different colors under the other lighting condition and the difference of the colors is used for deducing the different spectrum degrees of the two white colors.

In order to evaluate the effect of the white artificial material for disguising the snow background, a field transient spectrometer is generally adopted to synchronously acquire spectral reflection curves of the snow background and the white material, only the difference in data can be seen through comparison calculation, and the actual disguising effect cannot be seen visually by depending on the evaluation of professional personnel on the disguising effect. And the photo is shot by adopting a photomultiplier tube ultraviolet imaging system, the imaging quality is poor, the resolution ratio is low, and the judgment of the camouflage effect is difficult. Both methods require special equipment and specialized personnel to accomplish.

The invention is simple to use, and any fighter wearing the camouflage white inspection mirror can visually identify and judge the target disguised by the common artificial white material by only slightly training; any engineering camouflage personnel can visually identify and judge the implemented camouflage effect. Once the white inspection mirror is equipped, the cost basically does not occur in the ordinary detection and use processes, and the cost-effectiveness ratio is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a typical snow background spectral reflectance curve;

FIG. 2 is a spectral reflectance curve of three artificial white materials;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the spectral transmittance of ZWB2 filter glass;

FIG. 4 is a graph of spectral transmittance of the ZWB2 filter glass after AR coating.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, 1 is a spectral reflectance curve of fine snow, 2 is a spectral reflectance curve of medium-sized snow, and 3 is a spectral reflectance curve of coarse-sized snow.

FIG. 2 shows the spectral reflectance curves of 3 kinds of artificial white materials, and the curve A shows the white material with ideal ultraviolet camouflage effect; curve B shows a white material that cannot be used for uv camouflage; the C-curve shows a white material with an intermediate uv camouflage effect.

In FIG. 3, the spectrum transmittance curve of ZWB2 filter glass with a thickness of 1.5mm is shown, and it is almost opaque in the range of 410nm to 690 nm. In the short wave direction, the light starts to transmit at 410nm and rises straight, and nearly 50% of the light reaches 380 nm; in the long-wave direction, the transmission started at 690nm and reached a peak at 745nm of approximately 20%. Therefore, the transmittance between 410nm and 690nm does not need to be corrected by coating, and the subsequent coating processing does not influence the original performance, so that the coating design scheme and the processing difficulty are greatly simplified. In order to enhance the observation effect, it is necessary to increase the transmittance in the 380nm to 410nm wavelength band as much as possible and to increase the transmittance in the 690nm to 760nm band as much as possible. The two surfaces of the ZWB2 filter glass are plated with antireflection films (AR films) by means of multilayer plating.

FIG. 4 is a graph of spectral transmittance of ZWB2 after AR coating of filter glass.

As can be seen from the comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the transmittance of the ZWB2 in the wavelength range of 380 nm-410 nm and in the wavelength range of 690 nm-760 nm is increased after the AR film is coated on the filter glass.