阅读说明：本技术 一种预防糖尿病和老年痴呆的药剂及其制备方法 (Medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia and preparation method thereof ) 是由 聂博 于 2020-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及功能性保健品的技术领域,具体公开了一种预防糖尿病和老年痴呆的药剂,其由包含以下重量份的原料配制而成：白桦茸提取物21-35份、冷杉提取物4-6份；具有能够同时预防糖尿病和老年痴呆的功能,并且使其药剂中有效成分分布较均一的优点；还提供了一种预防糖尿病和老年痴呆的药剂的制备方法。(The invention relates to the technical field of functional health products, and particularly discloses a medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21-35 parts of inonotus obliquus extract and 4-6 parts of fir extract; has the functions of preventing diabetes and senile dementia simultaneously and has the advantages of uniform distribution of effective components in the preparation; also provides a preparation method of the medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.)

1. An agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia, which is characterized in that: the composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21-35 parts of inonotus obliquus extract and 4-6 parts of fir extract.

2. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the inonotus obliquus extract comprises the following steps of:

1) pulverizing 10-20 parts of Inonotus obliquus mycelium raw material, adding 20-30 parts of 0.1-0.3mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min, and rotary steaming at 25-40 deg.C for 20-40min to obtain mixed solution A;

2) subjecting the mixed solution A to CO₂Supercritical extracting at 40-60 deg.C under 13-15MPa with CO₂The flow rate is 30-40kg/h, the extraction time is 2-3h, and supercritical extraction liquid is obtained, and rotary steaming is carried out on the supercritical extraction liquid to obtain the inonotus obliquus extract;

wherein, CO₂The supercritical extraction uses entrainer which is water and accounts for 2-5% of the total volume of the extraction solvent.

3. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the fir extract comprises the following steps of:

1) pulverizing 20-30 parts of fresh fir leaves to 80-100 meshes, and vacuum drying at 40-60 deg.C for 2-3 hr to obtain powder E;

2) subjecting powder E to CO₂Supercritical extraction with CO control₂The flow rate is 30-40kg/h, the extraction temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the extraction time is 3-5h, so as to obtain extract ointment F;

3) adding 20-30 parts of 0.01-0.03mol/L silver nitrate solution and 3-8 parts of ethanol into the extract ointment F, stirring at 10-20 deg.C for 4-7h, performing solid-liquid separation on the obtained mixed solution, and discarding the precipitate to obtain solution G;

4) adding n-hexane 1-3 times the volume of the solution G into the solution G, stirring for 1-2 hr, standing, layering, collecting organic layer, and rotary steaming to obtain fir extract.

4. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 3, wherein: and 3) carrying out light-proof treatment during stirring in the step 3).

5. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 3, wherein: and 3) performing solid-liquid separation by centrifugation in the step 3), wherein the centrifugation rotation speed is 5000-.

6. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 1, wherein: the formula also comprises 1-3 parts of grifola frondosa extract by weight.

7. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 6, wherein: the preparation method of the grifola frondosa extract comprises the following steps:

1) drying the grifola frondosa, and then crushing to obtain powder B;

2) adding water which is 3-7 times of the weight of the powder B into the powder B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-30min, and then stirring for 10-15h to obtain a mixed solution C;

3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution C, and discarding the precipitate to obtain a supernatant D;

4) and (4) freeze-drying the supernatant D to obtain the grifola frondosa extract.

8. The agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claim 7, wherein: and 3) performing solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution B by centrifugation in the step 3), wherein the centrifugation speed is 4000-.

9. A method for preparing the agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claims 1 to 5, wherein: which comprises the following steps:

mixing the Fuscoporia Obliqua extract and fir extract, and stirring to obtain preparation for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.

10. A method for preparing the agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia according to claims 6 to 8, wherein: which comprises the following steps:

mixing the Inonotus obliquus extract, Grifola frondosa extract and fir extract, and stirring to obtain the preparation for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of functional health products, in particular to a medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Due to the problems of insufficient sleep time, irregular life and the like caused by the fact that the diet level of people is continuously increased, the pace of life is accelerated, the incidence rate of diabetes and senile dementia is higher and higher at present, and the current situation leads the demand of medicaments for preventing the diabetes and the senile dementia to be gradually increased.

Inonotus obliquus is a medicinal fungus growing on birch, also called inonotus obliquus, and is mainly distributed in northern Russia, northern Europe, Japan (Hokkaido), and the like. The research shows that the polysaccharide in the hypha and the sclerotium of the inonotus obliquus has the function of reducing blood sugar, and the water-soluble polysaccharide and the water-insoluble polysaccharide have the function of reducing blood sugar. The water extract of inonotus obliquus can reduce the activity of LDH, HBDH, MDH and GCT, enhance the activity of catalase, eliminate free radicals in vivo, protect cells, prolong the division generation of passage cells, prolong the service life of cells, and has obvious effects of delaying aging and preventing senile dementia. As the number of inonotus obliquus in nature is limited, inonotus obliquus is prepared by fermentation technology at present so as to meet the increasing demand on the market.

According to research, the senile dementia is mainly caused by the entanglement of the fibers of the nerve fibers. Siberian fir is a species of the genus Abies, is an evergreen arborvitae plant, can fully protect and recover cerebral neuron cell membranes and damaged peripheral nervous systems, activates proteins at all levels, synthesizes antioxidant protective layers, participates in the metabolic process of human organs, can stabilize and improve the biological energy of human bodies and improve the respiratory tension of the neuronal cells, is favorable for stabilizing mood, and has better effect on preventing and improving senile dementia.

The prior Chinese patent with the publication number of CN106107366A discloses a preparation method of an inonotus obliquus oral liquid, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing shake flask strains: putting a culture medium into a triangular flask, wherein the liquid loading amount is 25-35%, sealing, sterilizing for 35 minutes at the temperature of 121-123 ℃, inoculating a slant strain into the triangular flask under an aseptic condition to perform shake cultivation when the temperature of the culture medium is reduced to 20-28 ℃, and keeping the culture medium for later use when the bacterial liquid is slightly thick, the color of the bacterial liquid is light yellow or orange brown, a mycelium pellet is clearly visible, burrs on the periphery are obvious, and no foreign bacteria exist in microscopic examination; 2) culturing in a fermentation tank: filling the culture medium into a fermentation tank, wherein the liquid filling amount is 55-75% of the total volume of the fermentation tank, sterilizing for 50min when the temperature of the tank is increased to 121-; inoculating the cultured shake flask strain into a tank for culture, wherein the inoculum size is 5-15%, the tank temperature is 20-28 ℃, the tank pressure is 0.04-0.05MPa, the gas flow is 1.5m3/h, and sampling and inspecting are carried out when the shake flask strain is cultured in the tank for 36-48 h; culturing for 5-7 days, when the bacterial balls are clearly visible, the burrs are obvious on the periphery, the bacterial liquid is light yellow, the pH is about 5-6, and the residual sugar content is reduced to about 0.3%, finishing culturing, and subpackaging.

The oral liquid capable of reducing blood sugar and improving human immunity can be prepared by the preparation method, but the preparation method has the following defects: firstly, the inonotus obliquus prepared by fermentation is suspended in water to prepare oral liquid, the inonotus obliquus is easy to precipitate, and the oral liquid is layered; secondly, the concentration of the Inonotus obliquus in the Inonotus obliquus suspension is uneven, so that the effective component content in the bottled oral liquid is uneven after the Inonotus obliquus suspension is subpackaged; thirdly, the inonotus obliquus has strong effect on preventing diabetes and insufficient effect on preventing senile dementia.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for preventing diabetes and senile dementia, which has the advantages of preventing diabetes and senile dementia simultaneously and having uniform distribution of effective components in the pharmaceutical composition.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an agent for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.

In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21-35 parts of inonotus obliquus extract and 4-6 parts of fir extract.

By adopting the technical scheme, the polysaccharide component contained in the inonotus obliquus has a good effect of reducing blood sugar, and the polysaccharide in the inonotus obliquus can be enriched in the inonotus obliquus extract, so that the concentration of the polysaccharide in the obtained medicament is higher, the blood sugar reducing effect is obvious, and the inonotus obliquus extract has a good effect of preventing diabetes; polyprenol contained in the fir has a good effect of relieving the neurone tangle, the fir extract is obtained by extracting the polyprenol, and the polyprenol in the fir is enriched in the fir extract, so that the prepared medicament has higher content of polyprenol and can have better prevention effect on senile dementia; compared with oral liquid, the preparation is easy to store, has no layering problem, has uniform quality, and can be taken by adding water.

Preferably, the preparation method of the inonotus obliquus extract comprises the following steps of:

1) pulverizing 10-20 parts of Inonotus obliquus mycelium raw material, respectively, adding 20-30 parts of 0.1-0.3mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min, and rotary steaming at 25-40 deg.C for 20-40min to obtain mixed solution A;

2) subjecting the mixed solution A to CO₂Supercritical extracting at 40-60 deg.C under 13-15MPa with CO₂The flow rate is 30-40kg/h, the extraction time is 2-3h, and supercritical extraction liquid is obtained, and rotary steaming is carried out on the supercritical extraction liquid to obtain the inonotus obliquus extract;

wherein, CO₂The supercritical extraction uses entrainer which is water and accounts for 2-5% of the total volume of the extraction solvent.

By adopting the technical scheme, the raw material of the Inonotus obliquus mycelium is firstly crushed, then is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to destroy the cell structure of the Inonotus obliquus mycelium, and then is subjected to CO treatment₂Supercritical extractor for extracting polysaccharide from Fuscoporia Obliqua mycelium material with CO₂In the supercritical extraction method, the temperature is low, so that the structure of polysaccharide is not easy to damage, the extraction rate of polysaccharide is high, and the polysaccharide content in the obtained Inonotus obliquus extract is high.

Preferably, the preparation method of the fir extract comprises the following steps of:

1) pulverizing 20-30 parts of fresh fir leaves to 80-100 meshes, and vacuum drying at 40-60 deg.C for 2-3 hr to obtain powder E;

2) subjecting powder E to CO₂Supercritical extraction with CO control₂The flow rate is 30-40kg/h, the extraction temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the extraction time is 3-5h, so as to obtain extract ointment F;

3) adding 20-30 parts of 0.01-0.03mol/L silver nitrate solution and 3-8 parts of ethanol into the extract ointment F, stirring at 10-20 deg.C for 4-7h, performing solid-liquid separation on the obtained mixed solution, and discarding the precipitate to obtain solution G;

4) adding n-hexane 1-3 times the volume of the solution G into the solution G, stirring for 1-2 hr, standing, layering, collecting organic layer, and rotary steaming to obtain fir extract.

By adopting the technical scheme, the fir is firstly crushed and then is dried in vacuum at a lower temperature, so that the effective substances of the fir are obtainedIs not easily destroyed and then passes through CO₂Supercritical extraction to obtain extract ointment F with high polyprenol content, soaking in silver nitrate solution and ethanol to coordinate the double bonds in polyprenol with silver ions to form complex, dissolving the complex in water with strong dissolving power to enter mixed solution of ethanol and water, adding n-hexane to dissociate the complex, dissolving polyprenol in n-hexane according to similar intermiscibility principle, and removing solvent to obtain fir extract.

Preferably, the step 3) is performed in a dark state while stirring.

By adopting the technical scheme, the double bond in the polyprenol and the silver ion have larger coordination forward reaction degree when being processed in a dark place.

Preferably, the solid-liquid separation is performed by centrifugation in the step 3), wherein the centrifugation rotation speed is 5000-.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sediment can be better deposited under the centrifugal condition.

Preferably, the formula also comprises 1-3 parts of grifola frondosa extract by weight.

By adopting the technical scheme, the polysaccharide in the grifola frondosa has the function of reducing blood sugar, and the polysaccharide in the grifola frondosa is enriched by the grifola frondosa extract and added into the formula, so that the blood sugar reducing function of the obtained medicament can be enhanced.

Preferably, the preparation method of the grifola frondosa extract comprises the following steps:

1) drying the grifola frondosa, and then crushing to obtain powder B;

2) adding water which is 3-7 times of the weight of the powder B into the powder B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-30min, and then stirring for 10-15h to obtain a mixed solution C;

3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution C, and discarding the precipitate to obtain a supernatant D;

4) and (4) freeze-drying the supernatant D to obtain the grifola frondosa extract.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the grifola frondosa is crushed, the grifola frondosa can be fully contacted with water through ultrasound, so that the polysaccharide in the grifola frondosa is dissolved in the water, then, the grifola frondosa extract with higher polysaccharide content can be obtained under the condition of lower temperature through freeze drying, and the structure of the polysaccharide can not be damaged at low temperature.

Preferably, in the step 3), the mixed solution B is subjected to solid-liquid separation by centrifugation, the centrifugation rotation speed is 4000-.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sediment can be better deposited under the centrifugal condition.

The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for preparing a medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia, which comprises the following steps:

mixing the Inonotus obliquus extract, Grifola frondosa extract and fir extract, and stirring to obtain the preparation for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.

By adopting the technical scheme, the inonotus obliquus extract and the fir extract are added and mixed, and are stirred uniformly, so that the medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia can be taken by adding water for dissolving.

A method for preparing a medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia, which comprises the following steps:

mixing the Inonotus obliquus extract, Grifola frondosa extract and fir extract, and stirring to obtain the preparation for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.

By adopting the technical scheme, the inonotus obliquus extract, the grifola frondosa extract and the fir extract are added and mixed, and are stirred uniformly, so that the medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia is taken, and is dissolved in water for taking.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the medicament for preventing the diabetes and the senile dementia, which is prepared by the invention, can better prevent the diabetes and the senile dementia simultaneously, is in the form of the medicament, is more convenient in production, storage and transportation, does not generate the problem of precipitation compared with oral liquid, is easy to control the quality of the medicament, ensures the content of effective substances of the medicament to be more uniform, and can ensure the prevention effect.

(2) By using CO₂The fir extract and the chaga extract are obtained by the supercritical extraction method, so that the temperature is low during extraction, the rich effective substances are not easy to damage, and the drug effect is ensured; and CO thereto₂The supercritical extraction conditions are limited, so that the effective components in the extract are higher, thereby ensuring the drug effect of the medicament for preventing diabetes and senile dementia.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Raw materials

And (3) Inonotus obliquus: the brand is Siberian, and the origin is Russia;

grifola frondosa: the water content is less than or equal to 87 percent, and the manufacturer is Zhejiang Baixing food Co, Ltd;

fir: the brand is siberia and the origin is russia.

Preparation example 1

The betulin extract of preparation example 1 is prepared by the steps of:

1) pulverizing 10kg of Inonotus obliquus mycelium material, adding 20kg of 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min, and rotary steaming at 25 deg.C for 40min to obtain mixed solution A;

2) adding the mixed solution A to CO₂In the supercritical extractor, water is used as entrainer, the entrainer accounts for 2% of the total extraction solvent by volume, the extraction pressure is 15MPa, the temperature is 40 ℃, and CO is added₂The flow rate is 40kg/h, the extraction time is 2h, then supercritical extraction liquid is obtained, and the supercritical extraction liquid is subjected to rotary steaming to obtain the Inonotus obliquus extract.

Preparation example 2

The betulin extract of preparation example 2 is prepared by the steps of:

1) pulverizing 15kg of Inonotus obliquus mycelium material, adding 25kg of 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and rotary steaming at 30 deg.C for 30min to obtain mixed solution A;

2) adding the mixed solution A to CO₂In the supercritical extractor, water is used as entrainer, the entrainer accounts for 3% of the total extraction solvent by volume, the extraction pressure is 14MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and CO is added₂The flow rate is 30kg/h, the extraction time is 2.5h, then the supercritical extraction liquid is obtained, and the supercritical extraction liquid is subjected to rotary steaming to obtain the Inonotus obliquus extract.

Preparation example 3

The betulin extract of preparation example 3 is prepared by the steps of:

1) pulverizing 20kg of Inonotus obliquus mycelium material, adding 30kg of 0.3mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, and rotary steaming at 40 deg.C for 20min to obtain mixed solution A;

2) adding the mixed solution A to CO₂In the supercritical extractor, water is used as entrainer, the entrainer accounts for 5% of the total extraction solvent by volume, the extraction pressure is 13MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃, and CO is added₂The flow rate is 35kg/h, the extraction time is 3h, then supercritical extraction liquid is obtained, and the supercritical extraction liquid is subjected to rotary steaming to obtain the inonotus obliquus extract.

Preparation example 4

The fir extract of preparation example 4 was prepared by the steps of:

1) pulverizing 20kg of fresh fir leaves to 80 meshes, and vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 3 hr to obtain powder E;

2) subjecting powder E to CO₂Control of CO in supercritical extractor₂The flow rate of the extract is 40kg/h, the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 5h, so as to obtain extract ointment F;

3) adding 20kg of 0.03mol/L silver nitrate solution and 3 parts of ethanol into the extract ointment F, stirring for 6h at 10 ℃ in a dark condition, centrifuging the obtained mixed solution at the centrifugal rotation speed of 5000r/min for 10min, and discarding the precipitate to obtain a solution G;

4) adding n-hexane 1 time of the volume of the solution G into the solution G, stirring for 2h, collecting the organic layer, and performing rotary evaporation to obtain fir extract.

Preparation example 5

The fir extract of preparation example 5 was prepared by the steps of:

1) pulverizing 25kg of fresh fir leaves to 90 mesh, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 2.5 hr to obtain powder E;

2) subjecting powder E to CO₂Control of CO in supercritical extractor₂The flow rate of the extraction is 35kg/h, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, and the extraction time is 4h, so as to obtain an extract ointment F;

3) adding 25kg of 0.02mol/L silver nitrate solution and 5 parts of ethanol into the extract ointment F, stirring at 15 ℃ in the dark for 5h, centrifuging the obtained mixed solution at the centrifugal rotation speed of 5500r/min for 8min, and discarding the precipitate to obtain solution G;

4) adding n-hexane 2 times the volume of the solution G into the solution G, stirring for 1.5h, collecting the organic layer, and performing rotary evaporation to obtain fir extract.

Preparation example 6

The fir extract of preparation example 6 was prepared by the steps of:

1) pulverizing 30kg of fresh fir leaves to 100 meshes, and vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain powder E;

2) subjecting powder E to CO₂Control of CO in supercritical extractor₂The flow rate of the extract is 30kg/h, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, and the extraction time is 3h, so as to obtain extract ointment F;

3) adding 30kg of 0.01mol/L silver nitrate solution and 8 parts of ethanol into the extract ointment F, stirring for 4h at 20 ℃ in a dark condition, centrifuging the obtained mixed solution at the centrifugal rotation speed of 6000r/min for 7min, and discarding the precipitate to obtain a solution G;

4) adding n-hexane 3 times the volume of the solution G into the solution G, stirring for 1h, collecting the organic layer, and performing rotary evaporation to obtain fir extract.

Preparation example 7

The grifola frondosa extract of preparation example 7 was prepared by the steps of:

1) drying the grifola frondosa, and then crushing to obtain powder B;

2) adding water which is 3 times of the weight of the powder B into the powder B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min, and then stirring for 15h to obtain a mixed solution C;

3) centrifuging the mixed solution C at the centrifugal speed of 5000r/min for 5min, and discarding the precipitate to obtain supernatant D; 4) and (4) freeze-drying the supernatant D to obtain the grifola frondosa extract.

Preparation example 8

The grifola frondosa extract of preparation example 8, which was prepared by the steps of:

1) drying the grifola frondosa, and then crushing to obtain powder B;

2) adding water which is 5 times of the weight of the powder B into the powder B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25min, and then stirring for 12h to obtain a mixed solution C;

3) centrifuging the mixed solution C at the centrifugal speed of 4000r/min for 10min, and discarding the precipitate to obtain a supernatant D; 4) and (4) freeze-drying the supernatant D to obtain the grifola frondosa extract.

Preparation example 9

The grifola frondosa extract of preparation example 9, which was prepared by the steps of:

1) drying the grifola frondosa, and then crushing to obtain powder B;

2) adding water which is 7 times of the weight of the powder B into the powder B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and then stirring for 10h to obtain a mixed solution C;

3) centrifuging the mixed solution C at the rotating speed of 4500r/min for 7min, and discarding the precipitate to obtain supernatant D; 4) and (4) freeze-drying the supernatant D to obtain the grifola frondosa extract.