阅读说明：本技术 一种氧化石墨烯气凝胶纤维织物及其制备方法与应用 (Graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 胡晓珍 周俊宏 史开源 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种氧化石墨烯气凝胶纤维织物及其制备方法与应用,属于纳米材料组装和空气过滤技术领域。包括以下步骤：将氧化石墨烯分散到溶剂中,振荡混匀,超声得到氧化石墨烯溶液；通过纺丝头将得到的氧化石墨烯溶液注射至旋转凝固浴中,凝固后用去离子水洗涤,得到氧化石墨烯凝胶纤维；取得到的氧化石墨烯凝胶纤维,通过抽滤得到凝胶纤维织物,再冷冻干燥得到氧化石墨烯气凝胶纤维织物。本发明具有制备工艺环保、室温操作、能耗低等优点,制得的产品具有纳米级空隙和微米级孔洞形成的多级孔结构,过滤效率高,PM<Sub>2.5</Sub>捕获性能好,在空气过滤领域具有广阔的应用前景。(A graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric and a preparation method and application thereof belong to the technical field of nano material assembly and air filtration. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing graphene oxide into a solvent, uniformly mixing the graphene oxide and the solvent by oscillation, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a graphene oxide solution; injecting the obtained graphene oxide solution into a rotary coagulating bath through a spinning head, and washing with deionized water after coagulation to obtain graphene oxide gel fibers; and (3) taking the obtained graphene oxide gel fiber, performing suction filtration to obtain a gel fiber fabric, and performing freeze drying to obtain the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric. The invention has the advantages of environment-friendly preparation process, room temperature operation, low energy consumption and the like, and the prepared product has nano-scale gapsThe multi-stage pore structure formed by the micron-sized pores has high filtering efficiency and PM 2.5 The trapping performance is good, and the method has wide application prospect in the field of air filtration.)

1. The preparation method of the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

dispersing graphene oxide into a solvent, oscillating and uniformly mixing for 2-15 min, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 4-30 min to obtain a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2-13 mg/mL;

injecting the graphene oxide solution obtained in the step one into a rotary coagulation bath with the rotating speed of 5-50 r/min through a spinning head with the diameter of 50-500 mu m at the speed of 10-1000 mu L/min, and washing with deionized water after coagulation for 1-900 s to obtain graphene oxide gel fibers;

and step three, taking the graphene oxide gel fiber obtained in the step two, performing suction filtration to obtain a gel fiber fabric, and performing freeze drying for 24-72 hours to obtain the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric.

2. The method for preparing a graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the solvent in the first step is at least one of water and ethanol.

3. The preparation method of the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric, according to claim 1, wherein the coagulation bath in the second step is 1-25% by mass of CaCl₂The solvent in the solution is a mixture of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of (1:9) - (9: 1).

4. A graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric prepared based on the method of any of claims 1-3.

5. Preparation of PM from the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric as claimed in claim 4_2.5Use in a filter device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nano material assembly and air filtration, in particular to a graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

PM_2.5The fine particles with the aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 mu m are one of main components of the atmospheric pollutants and are also important factors influencing the air quality. It can seriously affect human health; according to the air health guidelines issued by the world health organization (WHO, 2005), prolonged exposure to PM_2.5>10 μg/m³Can increase the lung cancer death rate by 95 percent. Therefore, research into effectively isolating PM_2.5Meanwhile, the material with the characteristic of low pressure drop has important significance.

At present, the common filter material is that the polymer is made into fiber by an electrostatic spinning method and then is further assembled into fabric, and the obtained woven fabric material has high filtering efficiency and has excellent characteristics of antibiosis, high temperature resistance and the like. However, the pressure drop of the product prepared by the method is large during filtration, and the electrostatic spinning preparation process is complex. In addition due to PM in reality_2.5The chemical composition is complex, the material is limited by the stability of the material, and the long-range use target cannot be realized. These disadvantages limit their further applications.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric and the preparation method and application thereof, the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric has the advantages of environment-friendly preparation process, room-temperature operation, low energy consumption and the like, the prepared product has a hierarchical pore structure formed by nanoscale gaps and micron-sized holes, the filtering efficiency is high, and PM is formed in the surface of the product_2.5The capture performance is good.

The technical scheme is as follows: a preparation method of a graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric comprises the following steps:

dispersing graphene oxide into a solvent, oscillating and uniformly mixing for 2-15 min, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 4-30 min to obtain a graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 2-13 mg/mL;

injecting the graphene oxide solution obtained in the step one into a rotary coagulation bath with the rotating speed of 5-50 r/min through a spinning head with the diameter of 50-500 mu m at the speed of 10-1000 mu L/min, and washing with deionized water after coagulation for 1-900 s to obtain graphene oxide gel fibers;

and step three, taking the graphene oxide gel fiber obtained in the step two, performing suction filtration to obtain a gel fiber fabric, and performing freeze drying for 24-72 hours to obtain the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric.

Preferably, the solvent in the first step is at least one of water and ethanol.

Preferably, the coagulating bath in the second step is CaCl with the mass fraction of 1-25%₂The solvent in the solution is a mixture of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of (1:9) - (9: 1).

The graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric prepared by the method.

PM is prepared from graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric_2.5Use in a filter device.

Has the advantages that: 1. the graphene oxide gel fiber prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has nanoscale gaps, and micron-sized holes of the gel fiber fabric obtained by assembly after suction filtration form a hierarchical pore structure, so that the filtration efficiency of the graphene oxide gel fiber fabric is improved;

2. the loose and porous structure of the graphene oxide gel fiber fabric can ensure that the pressure drop is low in the filtering process, and has a good application prospect;

3. the graphene oxide used as the raw material in the method has stable chemical properties and is not easy to react with PM_2.5The components react, and the fine particle pollutants can be separated from the components after being captured and simply treated, so that the effect of repeated use can be achieved;

4. the preparation method of the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric is environment-friendly in preparation process, low in energy consumption and capable of operating at room temperature, and the obtained graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric is excellent in PM capture_2.5The performance has wide application prospect in the field of air filtration;

5. the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric pair PM provided by the invention_2.5The capture efficiency is 90-99%, the pressure drop is 50-210 Pa, and the prior art comprises an N95 mask, a non-woven fabric mask (for medical operation protection) and aPM pair disposable mask_2.5See table below for the filtration effect of (c).

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a macroscopic photograph of a graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric prepared in example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the graphene oxide aerogel fiber fabric prepared in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of a cross section of a single graphene oxide aerogel fiber prepared in example 1 of the present invention

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the embodiment of the invention, the raw material graphene oxide is prepared from crystalline flake graphite by a mature improved Hummers method.