阅读说明：本技术 一种表面耐刮花足金制品及其制备方法 (Surface scratch-resistant pure gold product and preparation method thereof ) 是由 靳坚文 靳耿南 于 2020-06-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种表面耐刮花足金制品及其制备方法,包括精雕模具、模具硬化、模具砂面处理、砂面模具冲压、高压喷砂、铜丝末端撞击六个步骤,通过砂面模具冲压、高压喷砂、铜丝末端撞击三种手段叠加利用,对足金制品表面密度层层提高。通过对表面耐刮花足金制品进行洛氏硬度测试,达到53HRC以上,是常规足金制品硬度3.7HRC的15倍以上。本发明所得足金制品在正常佩戴100天以上才会出现细微的表面划痕,普通足金制品在正常佩戴1～2天就会出现明显的表面划痕。其耐刮花效果,是普通足金制品的50倍以上。这种足金制品表面耐刮花工艺行业之先河,有效解决足金制品表面容易划伤的问题。(The invention provides a surface scratch-resistant pure gold product and a preparation method thereof, and the surface scratch-resistant pure gold product comprises six steps of fine engraving of a mould, hardening of the mould, treatment of the sand surface of the mould, stamping of a sand surface mould, high-pressure sand blasting and impact of the tail end of a copper wire, and the surface density of the pure gold product is improved layer by means of the three means of stamping of the sand surface mould, high-pressure sand blasting and impact of the tail end of the copper wire. The Rockwell hardness test of the surface scratch-resistant pure gold product can reach more than 53HRC which is more than 15 times of the hardness of 3.7HRC of the conventional pure gold product. The fine surface scratches can be generated only when the foot gold product obtained by the method is worn normally for more than 100 days, and the obvious surface scratches can be generated when the common foot gold product is worn normally for 1-2 days. The scratch-resistant effect is more than 50 times of that of a common pure gold product. The scratch-resistant technology for the surface of the pure gold product is in the beginning of the industry, and the problem that the surface of the pure gold product is easy to scratch is effectively solved.)

1. The preparation method of the surface scratch-resistant pure gold product is characterized by comprising six steps of fine engraving of a mold, mold hardening, mold sand surface treatment, sand surface mold stamping, high-pressure sand blasting and copper wire tail end impact, wherein in the sand surface mold stamping step, the sand surface mold is used for stamping 10 parts by weight⁵～10⁶The impact force of N instantly extrudes the foot gold blank after the die holding is finished, so that particles are formed on the surface of the foot gold blank; in the high-pressure sand blasting step, performing sand blasting treatment on the pure gold blank by using diamond particles, wherein the pressure of a compressed air source is 0.6-0.8 MPa; in the step of impacting the tail end of the copper wire, the copper wire wheel is used for being stained with non-oily lubricating liquid to slightly and repeatedly sweep and beat the particles on the surface of the foot gold blank, and the tail end of the copper wire wheel is continuously impacted with the particles on the surface of the foot gold blank to obtain the watchThe surface is scratch-resistant and the pure gold product is figured out.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pure gold billet is obtained by pouring a liquid alloy obtained by mixing and melting into a forming mold, burning the surface to be white by using a fire gun, and cooling and forming.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.11-0.13% of scandium, 0.15-0.18% of titanium, 0.008-0.01% of cerium and the balance of gold.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of engraving the mold is: and D2 mould steel is used for fine carving out a mould suitable for stamping the foot gold blank, the basic data of the foot gold blank after the mould is clamped is reduced by 5 percent, and spark erosion and blank stamping space are preformed.

5. The method for preparing the composite material according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of hardening the mold are as follows:

(A) quenching: slowly heating the carved mould to 610 ℃, and preserving heat for 15-20 min to realize primary preheating; then, heating to 850 ℃, and then preserving heat for 25-30 min to realize secondary preheating; then heating to 1020-1040 ℃, preserving heat for 30-40 min, discharging and air cooling;

(B) tempering: deep cooling at-70 ℃ for 180-220 minutes, and tempering at 500-550 ℃ for 150-200 minutes.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the sand surface treatment of the mold is as follows: spark is generated through 60-80 Hz pulse discharge, the sand surface treatment of the carved surface of the die is realized, and the carved surface of the die is made into a uniform sand surface.

7. The method for preparing the composite material according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of high-pressure sand blasting is as follows: selecting diamond particles with proper particle size according to the size of the foot gold blank, and spraying the diamond particles to the surface of the foot gold blank by a high-pressure water sand blasting machine to ensure that the surface particles of the foot gold blank are more uniform.

8. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the non-oily lubricating liquid medicine is prepared by uniformly stirring the following components in parts by weight: 0.1 part of D-limonene, 15 parts of saponin, 7 parts of tea saponin, 1 part of shaddock peel extracting solution, 17 parts of ethanol-glycerol mixture, 1.5 parts of gelatin, 3 parts of sodium chloride and 65 parts of water.

9. A surface scratch-resistant pure gold product obtained by the preparation method of claims 1-8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pure gold product preparation, in particular to a pure gold product with a scratch-resistant surface and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Gold is a precious metal, not only used as a special currency for storage and investment, but also an important material for departments of jewelry industry, electronic industry, modern communication, aerospace and the like. Particularly, gold jewelry is always popular with people and occupies a very high proportion in the market of Chinese jewelry.

For the quality problem of gold content in gold products, the national standard has a very clear regulation, namely, each gold ornament sold by a merchant must be marked with a tag to indicate the gold content and the weight, and the gold content of not less than 99 percent is sufficient gold. However, pure gold is soft, has low hardness, is difficult to process, is easy to scratch and leave scratches in the daily wearing process of people, influences the appearance and brightness of the jewelry and greatly reduces the aesthetic property. With the improvement of living standard of people, the quality requirements on the aspects of pure gold products and the like are continuously improved, and the method faces to the product competition which is changing day by day in the market.

The patent CN101392392A discloses a process for processing hard pure gold ornaments, which comprises wax engraving, rubber mold opening, wax receiving, wax trimming, oiling, electrogilding, wax removing and quality inspection, and the main improvement technical points are that an LJJAS auxiliary agent is added into electrolyte, the electroforming temperature is 50-60 ℃, the electroforming speed is 0.05g/h, and the pH value of the plating solution is 7.0-7.5, so that the gold plating distribution is uniform, the covering capability is strong, the plating layer is thin, the forming time is short, the volume is large, the weight is light, the hardness is high, and the process is particularly suitable for the gold ornament processing industry. However, the technology of the patent only depends on the surface coating to realize the enhancement of the hardness, the hardness is improved to a limited extent, and the scratch problem can not be avoided after long-term wearing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a surface scratch-resistant pure gold product and a preparation method thereof, which effectively overcome the defect that the surface of the pure gold product is easy to scratch.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following scheme:

the preparation method of the surface scratch-resistant pure gold product comprises six steps of fine engraving of a mold, mold hardening, mold sand surface treatment, sand surface mold stamping, high-pressure sand blasting and copper wire tail end impact, wherein in the sand surface mold stamping step, the sand surface mold is used for stamping 10 parts by weight⁵～10⁶The impact force of N instantly extrudes the foot gold blank after the die holding is finished, so that particles are formed on the surface of the foot gold blank; in the high-pressure sand blasting step, performing sand blasting treatment on the pure gold blank by using diamond particles, wherein the pressure of a compressed air source is 0.6-0.8 MPa; in the step of impacting the tail end of the copper wire, the copper wire wheel is used for being stained with non-oily lubricating liquid to slightly and repeatedly sweep and sweep particles on the surface of the pure gold blank, and the tail end of the copper wire wheel is continuously impacted with the particles on the surface of the pure gold blank, so that the pure gold product with the scratch-resistant surface is obtained.

Preferably, the pure gold blank is obtained by pouring a liquid alloy obtained by mixing and melting into a forming die, burning the surface to be white by using a fire gun, cooling and forming.

Further preferably, the liquid alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.11-0.13% of scandium, 0.15-0.18% of titanium, 0.008-0.01% of cerium and the balance of gold.

More preferably, the scandium, titanium, cerium and gold are all powders, and the particle size is 800-1000 meshes.

Still more preferably, the liquid alloy is prepared by the following method: mixing scandium and titanium, heating to melt, pouring into gold which is preheated to melt, finally adding cerium, and stirring uniformly to obtain the liquid alloy.

Preferably, the specific method for engraving the die comprises the following steps: and D2 mould steel is used for fine carving out a mould suitable for stamping the foot gold blank, the basic data of the foot gold blank after the mould is clamped is reduced by 5 percent, and spark erosion and blank stamping space are preformed.

Preferably, the specific steps of hardening the mold are as follows:

(A) quenching: slowly heating the carved mould to 610 ℃, and preserving heat for 15-20 min to realize primary preheating; then, heating to 850 ℃, and then preserving heat for 25-30 min to realize secondary preheating; then heating to 1020-1040 ℃, preserving heat for 30-40 min, discharging and air cooling;

(B) tempering: deep cooling at-70 ℃ for 180-220 minutes, and tempering at 500-550 ℃ for 150-200 minutes.

Further preferably, quenching and tempering are adopted to enable the hardness of the carved die to reach 58-65 HRC.

Further preferably, the hardness of the carved die reaches 58-60 HRC by adopting quenching and tempering.

Preferably, the specific method for treating the sand surface of the mold is as follows: spark is generated through 60-80 Hz pulse discharge, the sand surface treatment of the carved surface of the die is realized, and the carved surface of the die is made into a uniform sand surface.

Preferably, the specific method of high-pressure sand blasting is as follows: selecting diamond particles with proper particle size according to the size of the foot gold blank, and spraying the diamond particles to the surface of the foot gold blank by a high-pressure water sand blasting machine to ensure that the surface particles of the foot gold blank are more uniform.

Preferably, the non-oily lubricating liquid medicine is prepared by uniformly stirring the following components in parts by weight: 0.1 part of D-limonene, 15 parts of saponin, 7 parts of tea saponin, 1 part of shaddock peel extracting solution, 17 parts of ethanol-glycerol mixture, 1.5 parts of gelatin, 3 parts of sodium chloride and 65 parts of water.

Further preferably, the preparation method of the shaddock peel extracting solution comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning fresh shaddock peel, cutting into small blocks with the size of 1mm multiplied by 1mm, then pouring the small blocks into water with the weight of 2-3 times of that of the fresh shaddock peel, performing microwave extraction for 5-8 minutes at 300-500W, and filtering to obtain the shaddock peel extracting solution.

Further preferably, the ethanol-glycerol mixture is prepared by mixing absolute ethanol and glycerol according to a volume ratio of 1: 3-5, and mixing.

Further preferably, the non-oily lubricating liquid further comprises: 0.5 part of seaweed extract, 0.8 part of grape fermented juice and 1.2 parts of collagen.

Still more preferably, the preparation method of the grape fermented juice comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning 100 parts of fresh grapes, mashing the fresh grapes into paste, adding activated yeast, stirring and mixing the paste uniformly, fermenting the mixture for 5-8 days at 35-40 ℃ after sealing, filtering the mixture to obtain supernatant, and distilling the supernatant to remove ethanol to obtain the grape fermented juice; wherein the activated yeast is prepared by adding 0.08-0.12 part of dry yeast into 2-3 parts of water with the temperature of 35-40 ℃, uniformly stirring, and standing for 15-20 minutes.

Still more preferably, the preparation method of the collagen is as follows: firstly, taking the skin of the turbot as a raw material, soaking the raw material in a 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 2-3 times of the weight of the raw material for 12-20 hours, and rinsing the raw material to be neutral by using clear water; and then stirring and soaking the collagen by using a hydrochloric acid solution of 0.05mol/L which is 5-8 times of the weight of the raw materials for 2-3 hours, rinsing the collagen to be neutral by using clear water, and crushing the collagen to obtain the collagen.

Preferably, the rotating speed of the copper wire wheel is 600-900 revolutions per minute.

The surface scratch-resistant pure gold product is obtained by the preparation method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the preparation method comprises six steps of fine carving of the die, hardening of the die, treatment of the sand surface of the die, stamping of the sand surface die, high-pressure sand blasting and impact of the tail end of the copper wire, and the surface density of the pure gold product is improved layer by superposition and utilization of three means of stamping of the sand surface die, high-pressure sand blasting and impact of the tail end of the copper wire. The Rockwell hardness test of the surface scratch-resistant pure gold product can reach more than 53HRC, which is more than 14 times of the hardness of the conventional pure gold product, namely 3.7 HRC. The fine surface scratches can be generated only when the foot gold product obtained by the method is worn normally for more than 100 days, and the obvious surface scratches can be generated when the common foot gold product is worn normally for 1-2 days. The scratch-resistant effect is more than 50 times of that of a common pure gold product. The scratch-resistant technology for the surface of the pure gold product is in the beginning of the industry, and the problem that the surface of the pure gold product is easy to scratch is effectively solved.

According to the invention, the carving surface of the mould is subjected to sand surface treatment by the principle that sparks generated by instantaneous pulse discharge can corrode a metal surface, so that the carving surface of the mould is made into a uniform sand surface. In the step of hardening the die, tempering in time after quenching to prevent cracking and surface decarburization, the die is subjected to subzero treatment at-70 ℃, and high-temperature tempering is adopted to reduce die deformation.

In the sand surface die stamping step, the sand surface die is utilized to carry out instant extrusion on the foot gold blank after the die holding is finished with certain impact force, so that particles are formed on the surface of the foot gold blank. The density of the particle surface formed after the sand surface die is punched is close to 20g/cm³Is 19.32g/cm higher than that of common pure gold products³The improvement is 3 percent.

In the high-pressure sand blasting step, the diamond particles are used for carrying out sand blasting treatment on the pure gold blank, and under the strong jet of the diamond particles, the hardness of the particle surface of the pure gold blank is improved again.

In the step of impacting the tail end of the copper wire, the copper wire wheel is used for being stained with non-oily lubricating liquid to slightly and repeatedly sweep and beat particles on the surface of the pure gold blank, the tail end of the copper wire wheel is continuously impacted with the particles on the surface of the pure gold blank, the density of the sand spraying surface of the pure gold blank is improved again, a uniform matte effect is achieved, a high-density homogeneous protective layer is formed on the pure gold blank, and the pure gold product with the scratch-resistant surface is obtained.

The non-oily lubricating liquid medicine is prepared by uniformly stirring and mixing D-limonene, saponin, tea saponin, a shaddock peel extracting solution, an ethanol-glycerol mixture, gelatin, sodium chloride and water, wherein the D-limonene contains double bonds, is a colorless oily transparent liquid, is insoluble in water and is easily mixed with the ethanol; aglycone of saponin has lipophilicity of different degrees, and sugar chain has strong hydrophilicity and surface activity, and can play a role in emulsification; tea saponin is a glucoside compound, is a natural surfactant with good performance, and is synergistically emulsified with saponin to construct an aqueous system; the shaddock peel extracting solution contains citric acid and essential oil components, the essential oil components and the D-limonene synergistically play a lubricating role, and the citric acid has a promoting effect; the ethanol-glycerol mixture contains a large amount of hydroxyl which forms hydrogen bond action with hydroxyl in citric acid and the like to construct a net-shaped result, so that the lubricating effect is further improved; the gelatin is a product obtained by partial hydrolysis of collagen, has lubricating effect, contains amino groups, hydroxyl groups and the like, and can also form hydrogen bond action with the hydroxyl groups to enhance the lubricating effect; the sodium chloride and the surfactant have a synergistic effect, and have the functions of thickening and enhancing the lubricating effect. The non-oily lubricating liquid medicine can reduce the friction resistance generated in the process of collision between the tail end of a copper wire and particles on the surface of a pure gold blank; the non-oily nature of liquid medicine has avoided the metal bits to adhere to the risk on pure gold goods surface, makes this processing link of copper wire end and pure gold embryo piece surface particle striking more smooth and easy.

The non-oily lubricating liquid medicine further comprises seaweed extract, grape fermentation juice and collagen, the components bring more hydroxyl groups, amino groups and the like, a larger network structure is constructed through hydrogen bonding, and the lubricating effect is further enhanced.

In addition, when the foot gold blank is prepared, a small amount of scandium, titanium and cerium are doped in gold, so that the gold content is ensured, and a good foundation is provided for the hardness of a finally obtained product through proper alloying.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sand mold;

wherein 1 is a mold, 2 is a carved surface of the mold, and 3 is a pure gold blank.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The seaweed extract is purchased from Shanxi Tengchmei Biotech GmbH.