阅读说明：本技术 一种用于齿轮铸件内侧孔壁打磨的打磨装置及方法 (Polishing device and method for polishing inner side hole wall of gear casting ) 是由 丁祥 叶强华 朱国正 于 2021-07-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了齿轮加工领域的一种用于齿轮铸件内侧孔壁打磨的打磨装置及方法,打磨装置包括放置齿轮的工作台,齿轮堆叠成柱状,工作台上开有第一通孔,工作台上安装有与第一通孔同心设置的夹紧定心机构以及通过第一通孔伸进齿轮内侧孔壁进行打磨的打磨机构。本发明能够根据齿轮的位置对打磨机构的位置进行微调,使打磨机构与齿轮内孔同心,避免推动齿轮夹紧造成底端齿轮齿面磨损,避免齿轮损坏,节约成本。本发明能够自动测量不同尺寸齿轮的内径,自动调整打磨砂轮位置,避免人工调整,提高生产效率；本发明能够自动调整喷气单元,使喷气单元始终对准打磨位置,避免打磨碎屑附着在打磨砂轮上会影响后续打磨的打磨质量,提高打磨效果。(The invention discloses a polishing device and a polishing method for polishing the inner side hole wall of a gear casting in the field of gear machining. According to the gear grinding mechanism, the position of the grinding mechanism can be finely adjusted according to the position of the gear, so that the grinding mechanism is concentric with the inner hole of the gear, the abrasion of the tooth surface of the gear at the bottom end caused by the fact that the gear is pushed to clamp is avoided, the gear is prevented from being damaged, and the cost is saved. The invention can automatically measure the inner diameters of gears with different sizes, automatically adjust the position of the grinding wheel, avoid manual adjustment and improve the production efficiency; the automatic air injection unit can be automatically adjusted, so that the air injection unit is always aligned to the polishing position, polishing quality of subsequent polishing is prevented from being influenced by the fact that polishing debris is attached to the polishing grinding wheel, and the polishing effect is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a grinding device that is used for inboard pore wall of gear casting to polish which characterized in that: the gear polishing device comprises a workbench (1) for placing gears, wherein the gears are stacked into a column shape, a first through hole (2) is formed in the workbench (1), a clamping and centering mechanism which is concentric with the first through hole (2) and a polishing mechanism which extends into the inner side hole wall of the gear for polishing through the first through hole (2) are installed on the workbench (1), the polishing mechanism is installed on the clamping and centering mechanism and comprises a threaded sleeve (4) and a screw rod (5), the screw rod (5) is installed on the threaded sleeve (4) in a sliding mode, and a polishing unit (7) which can automatically adapt to the inner diameters of the gears with different sizes and an air injection unit (8) which is used for removing polishing debris are arranged at the upper end of the screw rod (5); the clamping and centering mechanism comprises a fixing unit (3) for clamping the gear and a centering adjusting unit (6), wherein the centering adjusting unit (6) is used for adjusting the position of the polishing unit (7) to enable the polishing unit (7) to be concentric with an inner hole of the gear.

2. The grinding device for grinding the inner side hole wall of the gear casting according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing unit (3) comprises a clamping plate (31) and a pressing block (32) which are slidably mounted on the workbench (1), the clamping plate (31) is slidably mounted on the table top of the workbench (1) along the radial direction of the gear, and a first compression spring (33) is arranged between the clamping block and the workbench (1); the pressing block (32) is vertically and slidably mounted on a sliding column (34) arranged on the workbench (1).

3. The grinding device for grinding the inner side hole wall of the gear casting according to claim 2, wherein: centering adjustment unit (6) make swivel nut (4) and the endocentric correction block (61) of gear hole including being used for adjusting swivel nut (4) position, and clamp plate (31) bottom is articulated through first connecting rod (62) and correction block (61), correction block (61) and swivel nut (4) equal slidable mounting set up in correction storehouse (63) of workstation (1) bottom, and one side that correction block (61) are close to swivel nut (4) is provided with elasticity portion (64).

4. The grinding device for grinding the inner side hole wall of the gear casting according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the grinding unit (7) comprises a mounting seat (71) provided with a grinding wheel and a telescopic assembly (72) used for measuring the size of an inner hole of the gear, and the mounting seat (71) is detachably mounted on the telescopic assembly (72); the telescopic assembly (72) comprises a first sliding plate (721) vertically installed on the screw (5) in a sliding manner along the axial length direction of the screw (5), and further comprises a second sliding plate (722) horizontally installed on the screw (5) in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the screw (5), the second sliding plate (722) is arranged on two sides of the first sliding plate (721) in a dividing manner, the first sliding plate (721) is hinged with the second sliding plate in a sliding manner through a second connecting rod (723), and the second sliding plates (722) on two sides of the first sliding plate (721) are both detachably provided with installation seats (71); the upper end of the first sliding plate (721) is fixedly provided with a driving rod (724), and the lower end of the first sliding plate is connected with the screw (5) through a second compression spring (725); the lower end of the first sliding plate (721) is fixedly provided with a first rack (726), the screw (5) is further provided with a locking piece (727) in a sliding manner, the sliding direction of the locking piece (727) is consistent with that of the second sliding plate (722), the locking piece (727) is connected with the screw (5) through a third compression spring (728), and one end, close to the first rack (726), of the locking piece (727) is provided with a pawl part (729) for locking the first rack (726).

5. The grinding device for grinding the inner side hole wall of the gear casting according to claim 4, wherein: still vertical slidable mounting has unlocking piece (73) on screw rod (5), the slip direction of unlocking piece (73) is unanimous with the direction of first sliding plate (721), and the upper end of unlocking piece (73) is equipped with wedge surface (74) that are used for driving retaining member (727) unblock.

6. The grinding device for grinding the inner side hole wall of the gear casting according to claim 5, wherein: the grinding precision of the grinding wheel arranged on the mounting seats (71) at the two sides is different.

7. The grinding device for grinding the inner side hole wall of the gear casting according to claim 6, wherein: the air injection unit (8) comprises an air injection nozzle (81) connected with an air source and an adjusting assembly for adjusting the direction of the air injection nozzle (81); the adjusting assembly comprises a first rotating shaft (82) rotatably mounted on the screw rod (5), an air nozzle (81) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (82), and the length direction of the first rotating shaft (82) is perpendicular to the axial length direction of the screw rod (5); a first gear (83) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (82), second racks (84) are arranged on two sides of the driving rod (724), and the first gear (83) is meshed with the second racks (84).

8. A method for grinding the inner side hole wall of a gear casting is suitable for the grinding device of any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized in that: the polishing method mainly comprises the following steps:

s1: pulling the clamping plate (31) open, and placing the columnar gear on the workbench (1) to enable the gear to be positioned right above the first through hole (2);

s2: the gear is pressed downwards by the pressing block (32), the gear is clamped by the clamping plate (31), and the threaded sleeve (4) is driven to adjust the position of the polishing mechanism, so that the polishing unit (7) is concentric with the inner hole of the gear;

s3: the grinding unit (7) extends into the gear to automatically measure the inner diameter of the gear, grinding is started, and meanwhile the air injection unit (8) injects air to remove grinding chips.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of gear machining, and particularly relates to a polishing device and method for polishing inner side hole walls of a gear casting.

Background

Gear refers to a mechanical element on a rim with gears continuously engaged to transmit motion and power. Gears are widely used in mechanical transmissions. During machining, in order to enable the hole wall on the inner side of the gear to meet the roughness requirement or the assembly hole diameter requirement, fine adjustment polishing needs to be carried out by using a polishing machine. In order to improve the production efficiency, when the gear inner hole is ground, the gear inner hole is often stacked into a long cylindrical shape for batch processing grinding. The gear needs to be clamped and centered before batch polishing, the clamping and centering mode at present is to adopt a clamping piece to push the gear to the center for four-side clamping and centering, but because the cast iron gear has large mass, the quality is greatly increased after stacking, and the tooth surface of the bottom gear is abraded when the gear is pushed, so that parts are damaged; in addition, the inner diameter of the gear is not constant, and the grinding mechanism needs to be adjusted when the gears with different sizes are machined, so that time and labor are wasted, and the machining efficiency is reduced; the grinding chips generated by grinding are attached to the grinding wheel, so that the grinding quality of subsequent grinding is influenced.

Therefore, the polishing device and the polishing method for polishing the inner side hole wall of the gear casting are needed to be provided, the polishing device can finely adjust the position of the polishing mechanism according to the position of the gear, so that the polishing mechanism and the inner hole of the gear are concentric, the gear surface of the gear at the bottom end is prevented from being abraded due to the fact that the gear is pushed to be clamped, the gear is prevented from being damaged, and the cost is saved; in addition, the device can automatically measure the inner diameters of gears with different sizes, automatically adjust the position of the grinding wheel, avoid manual adjustment, save labor, improve production efficiency, and also can automatically adjust the air injection unit according to the measuring stroke, so that the air injection unit is always aligned to the grinding position, thereby avoiding grinding chips attached to the grinding wheel to influence the subsequent grinding quality and improving the grinding effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a grinding device and a grinding method for grinding the inner side hole wall of a gear casting, and aims to solve the problems of the prior art in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a polishing device for polishing inner side hole walls of gear castings comprises a workbench for placing gears, the gears are stacked into a column shape, a first through hole is formed in the workbench, a clamping and centering mechanism which is concentric with the first through hole and a polishing mechanism which extends into the inner side hole walls of the gears through the first through hole to polish are mounted on the workbench, the polishing mechanism is mounted on the clamping and centering mechanism and comprises a threaded sleeve and a screw rod, the screw rod is slidably mounted on the threaded sleeve, and a polishing unit which automatically adapts to the inner diameters of the gears with different sizes and an air injection unit which is used for removing polishing debris are arranged at the upper end of the screw rod; the clamping and centering mechanism comprises a fixing unit for clamping the gear and a centering adjusting unit, and the centering adjusting unit is used for adjusting the position of the polishing unit to enable the polishing unit to be concentric with an inner hole of the gear.

As a further scheme of the invention, the fixing unit comprises a clamping plate and a pressing block which are slidably mounted on the workbench, the clamping plate is slidably mounted on a table top of the workbench along the radial direction of the gear, and a first compression spring is arranged between the clamping block and the workbench; and the pressing block is vertically and slidably mounted on a sliding column arranged on the workbench.

As a further scheme of the invention, the centering adjustment unit comprises a correction block for adjusting the position of the threaded sleeve to enable the threaded sleeve to be concentric with an inner hole of the gear, the bottom end of the clamping plate is hinged with the correction block through a first connecting rod, the correction block and the threaded sleeve are both slidably mounted in a correction bin arranged at the bottom of the workbench, and one side of the correction block, which is close to the threaded sleeve, is provided with an elastic part.

As a further scheme of the invention, the polishing unit comprises a mounting seat provided with a polishing grinding wheel and a telescopic assembly used for measuring the size of an inner hole of the gear, and the mounting seat is detachably arranged on the telescopic assembly; the telescopic assembly comprises a first sliding plate vertically and slidably mounted on the screw rod along the axial length direction of the screw rod, and further comprises a second sliding plate horizontally and slidably mounted on the screw rod along the radial direction of the screw rod, the second sliding plate is divided into two sides of the first sliding plate, the first sliding plate is hinged with the second sliding plate through a second connecting rod, and mounting seats are detachably mounted on the second sliding plates on the two sides of the first sliding plate; the upper end of the first sliding plate is fixedly provided with a driving rod, and the lower end of the first sliding plate is connected with the screw rod through a second compression spring; the lower extreme fixed mounting of first sliding plate has first rack, and it has the retaining member still to have slidable mounting on the screw rod, the slip direction of retaining member is unanimous with the second sliding plate, and the retaining member passes through third compression spring with the screw rod and links to each other, and the one end that the retaining member is close to first rack is equipped with pawl portion and is used for locking first rack.

As a further scheme of the invention, an unlocking piece is also vertically and slidably mounted on the screw rod, the sliding direction of the unlocking piece is consistent with that of the first sliding plate, and the upper end of the unlocking piece is provided with a wedge surface for driving the locking piece to unlock.

As a further scheme of the invention, the grinding precision of the grinding wheels arranged on the mounting seats at the two sides is different.

As a further scheme of the invention, the air injection unit comprises an air injection nozzle connected with an air source and an adjusting component for adjusting the orientation of the air injection nozzle; the adjusting assembly comprises a first rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged on the screw rod, an air nozzle is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, and the length direction of the first rotating shaft is vertical to the axial length direction of the screw rod; a first gear is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, second racks are arranged on two sides of the driving rod, and the first gear is meshed with the second racks.

The invention also provides a method for polishing the inner side hole wall of the gear casting, which mainly comprises the following steps:

s1: pulling the clamping plate open, and placing the columnar gear on the workbench to enable the gear to be positioned right above the first through hole;

s2: the gear is pressed downwards by the pressing block, the gear is clamped by the clamping plate, and the threaded sleeve is driven to adjust the position of the polishing mechanism so that the polishing unit is concentric with the inner hole of the gear;

s3: the polishing unit stretches into the gear to automatically measure the inner diameter of the gear, polishing is started, and meanwhile the air injection unit injects air to remove polishing debris.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the gear grinding mechanism can finely adjust the position of the grinding mechanism according to the position of the gear, the actual size of the gear is measured by clamping the gear through the clamping plate, and the correcting blocks are driven by the clamping plate to move, so that the correcting blocks in four directions are circumferentially arranged by taking the axis of the gear as the center of a circle, the correcting blocks adjust the threaded sleeve to be concentric with the inner hole of the gear to be processed, subsequent grinding is facilitated, and the grinding effect is ensured. This setting has avoided avoiding gear damage because of promoting the gear and pressing from both sides the tight bottom gear flank of tooth wearing and tearing that cause of clamp, simple structure practices thrift the cost.

2. The invention can be suitable for the inner diameters of gears with different sizes, and can automatically measure the inner diameters of the gears with different sizes during processing, automatically adjust the position of a grinding wheel, avoid manual adjustment, save labor and improve production efficiency. In addition, when the gear is not clamped and the correcting block does not adjust the screw sleeve, the screw rod cannot move upwards to enter the inner hole of the gear even if the screw rod rotates. Because the threaded sleeve is not clamped and fixed at the moment, the threaded rod rotates to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate together. Can avoid processing the gear under the circumstances of not centering like this, prevent slow-witted design, avoid processing error, produce and scrap, increase manufacturing cost. .

3. The automatic air injection unit can be automatically adjusted according to the measuring stroke, so that the air injection unit is always aligned to the polishing position, the polishing quality of subsequent polishing is prevented from being influenced by the fact that polishing debris is attached to the polishing grinding wheel, and the polishing effect is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gear casting inner side hole wall grinding device;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a workbench according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 with the table and gears removed;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the body 1 of the present invention from another perspective;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of a gear casting inner side hole wall grinding method.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1-workbench, 2-first through hole, 3-fixing unit, 31-clamping plate, 32-pressing block, 33-first compression spring, 34-sliding column, 4-thread sleeve, 5-screw, 6-centering adjusting unit, 61-correcting block, 62-first connecting rod, 63-correcting bin, 64-elastic part, 7-polishing unit, 71-mounting seat, 72-telescopic component, 721-first sliding plate, 722-second sliding plate, 723-second connecting rod, 724-driving rod, 725-second compression spring, 726-first rack, 727-locking piece, 728-third compression spring, 729-pawl part, 73-unlocking piece, 74-wedge surface, 8-air injection unit, 81-air injection nozzle, 82-first rotation axis, 83-first gear, 84-second rack.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, a polishing device for polishing inner side hole walls of gear castings comprises a workbench 1 for placing gears, the gears are stacked into a column shape, a first through hole 2 is formed in the workbench 1, a clamping and centering mechanism concentric with the first through hole 2 and a polishing mechanism extending into the inner side hole walls of the gears for polishing through the first through hole 2 are mounted on the workbench 1, the polishing mechanism is mounted on the clamping and centering mechanism and comprises a threaded sleeve 4 and a screw rod 5, the screw rod 5 is slidably mounted on the threaded sleeve 4, and a polishing unit 7 automatically adapting to inner diameters of gears with different sizes and an air injection unit 8 for removing polishing debris are arranged at the upper end of the screw rod 5; the clamping and centering mechanism comprises a fixing unit 3 for clamping the gear and a centering and adjusting unit 6, wherein the centering and adjusting unit 6 is used for adjusting the position of the polishing unit 7 to enable the polishing unit 7 to be concentric with the inner hole of the gear.

In order to improve the production efficiency, when the gear inner hole is ground, the gear inner hole is often stacked into a long cylindrical shape for batch processing grinding. The gear needs to be clamped and centered before batch polishing, the clamping and centering mode at present is to adopt a clamping piece to push the gear to the center for four-side clamping and centering, but because the cast iron gear has large mass, the quality is greatly increased after stacking, and the tooth surface of the bottom gear is abraded when the gear is pushed, so that parts are damaged; in addition, the inner diameter of the gear is not constant, and the grinding mechanism needs to be adjusted when the gears with different sizes are machined, so that time and labor are wasted, and the machining efficiency is reduced; the grinding chips generated by grinding are attached to the grinding wheel, so that the grinding quality of subsequent grinding is influenced. As shown in figures 1, 4 and 5, when the gear grinding machine works, stacked gears are placed in the center of the first through hole 2 on the workbench 1, and the gears are not accurately positioned, so that the positions of the gears are only approximately located in the center of the workbench 1, and in order to avoid abrasion caused by movement of the gears on the workbench 1, the positions of the grinding units 7 need to be adjusted to enable the grinding units 7 to be concentric with inner holes of the gears, so that subsequent grinding is facilitated. According to the gear polishing device, after the gear is placed on the workbench 1, the fixing unit 3 clamps the gear, and meanwhile, the polishing unit 7 mounted on the screw 5 is concentric with an inner hole of the gear by adjusting the positions of the threaded sleeve 4 and the screw 5 through the fixed adjustment polishing unit 7, so that subsequent polishing is facilitated. According to the gear grinding machine, the position of the grinding mechanism can be finely adjusted according to the position of the gear, so that the grinding mechanism is concentric with an inner hole of the gear to be machined, the abrasion of the tooth surface of the gear at the bottom end caused by the fact that the gear is pushed to clamp is avoided, the gear is prevented from being damaged, and the cost is saved; in addition, the internal diameters of gears with different sizes can be automatically measured, the position of the grinding wheel can be automatically adjusted, manual adjustment is avoided, labor is saved, production efficiency is improved, the air injection unit 8 can be automatically adjusted according to the measuring stroke, the air injection unit 8 is always aligned to the grinding position, grinding quality of follow-up grinding is prevented from being influenced due to grinding debris attached to the grinding wheel, and the grinding effect is improved.

As a further scheme of the present invention, the fixing unit 3 includes a clamping plate 31 and a pressing block 32 which are slidably mounted on the workbench 1, the clamping plate 31 is slidably mounted on the table top of the workbench 1 along the radial direction of the gear, and a first compression spring 33 is disposed between the clamping block and the workbench 1; the compression block 32 is vertically slidably mounted on a slide column 34 provided on the table 1.

The fixing unit 3 of the present invention clamps the cylindrical stacked gear placed on the table 1, and as shown in fig. 1, the clamping plate 31 of the present invention is pulled open before the gear is placed, pressing the first compression spring 33; then, the gear is placed, the clamping plate 31 clamps the gear under the restoring force of the first compression spring 33, and the pressing block 32 sliding on the sliding column 34 is pressed by moving downward under the driving of the external driving source, so that the gear is fixed. The setting structure is simple, the use is convenient, and the production efficiency is improved.

As a further scheme of the invention, the centering adjustment unit 6 comprises an correcting block 61 for adjusting the position of the screw sleeve 4 to enable the screw sleeve 4 to be concentric with the inner hole of the gear, the bottom end of the clamping plate 31 is hinged with the correcting block 61 through a first connecting rod 62, the correcting block 61 and the screw sleeve 4 are both slidably mounted in a correcting bin 63 arranged at the bottom of the workbench 1, and an elastic part 64 is arranged on one side of the correcting block 61 close to the screw sleeve 4.

According to the invention, after the gear is fixed, the position of the polishing mechanism is required to be adjusted according to the position of the gear, so that the polishing unit 7 can be concentric with the inner hole of the gear, the subsequent polishing is convenient, and the polishing effect is ensured. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, when the fixing unit 3 fixes the gear, the clamping plate 31 drives the correcting block 61 to slide in the correcting chamber 63 through the first link 62 at the bottom end, the elastic part 64 on the correcting block 61 presses the screw sleeve 4, and the screw sleeve 4 is adjusted to a new position and fixed under the pressing of the four-sided correcting block 61. Because the moving distance of the clamping plate 31 for driving the correcting block 61 to move is determined by the external dimension of the gear, the correcting blocks 61 in four directions are circumferentially arranged by taking the axis of the gear as the center of a circle, and the new position of the screw sleeve 4 adjusted by the correcting block 61 is concentric with the inner hole of the gear. According to the gear grinding device, the position of the grinding mechanism can be finely adjusted according to the position of the gear, the actual size of the gear is measured by clamping the gear through the clamping plate 31, and the correcting blocks 61 are driven to move through the clamping plate 31, so that the correcting blocks 61 in four directions are circumferentially arranged by taking the axis of the gear as the center of a circle, the correcting blocks 61 adjust the threaded sleeves 4 to be concentric with the inner hole of the gear to be machined, subsequent grinding is facilitated, and the grinding effect is guaranteed. This setting has avoided avoiding gear damage because of promoting the gear and pressing from both sides the tight bottom gear flank of tooth wearing and tearing that cause of clamp, simple structure practices thrift the cost.

As a further scheme of the present invention, the polishing unit 7 includes a mounting seat 71 mounted with a polishing grinding wheel and a telescopic assembly 72 for measuring the size of the inner hole of the gear, the mounting seat 71 is detachably mounted on the telescopic assembly 72; the telescopic assembly 72 comprises a first sliding plate 721 vertically installed on the screw 5 in a sliding manner along the axial length direction of the screw 5, and further comprises a second sliding plate 722 horizontally installed on the screw 5 in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the screw 5, the second sliding plate 722 is divided into two sides of the first sliding plate 721, the first sliding plate 721 is hinged with the second sliding plate through a second connecting rod 723, and the second sliding plates 722 on the two sides of the first sliding plate 721 are all detachably installed with the installation base 71; the upper end of the first sliding plate 721 is fixedly provided with a driving rod 724, and the lower end thereof is connected with the screw 5 through a second compression spring 725; the lower end of the first sliding plate 721 is fixedly provided with a first rack 726, the screw 5 is further provided with a locking member 727 in a sliding manner, the sliding direction of the locking member 727 is consistent with that of the second sliding plate 722, the locking member 727 is connected with the screw 5 through a third compression spring 728, and one end of the locking member 727, which is close to the first rack 726, is provided with a pawl portion 729 for locking the first rack 726.

As a further scheme of the present invention, an unlocking member 73 is vertically slidably mounted on the screw 5, a sliding direction of the unlocking member 73 is the same as that of the first sliding plate 721, and a wedge surface 74 for driving the locking member 727 to unlock is provided at an upper end of the unlocking member 73.

4. Because the internal diameter of each batch of processed gears is not necessary, the grinding mechanism needs to be adjusted when the gears with different sizes are processed, so that time and labor are wasted, the labor intensity of workers is increased, and the processing efficiency is reduced. Therefore, as shown in fig. 3, when the gear is clamped and centered, the screw 5 is driven to rotate in the forward direction, and the screw 5 is screwed up into the inner hole of the gear because the threaded sleeve 4 is clamped by the correcting block 61. As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, when the screw 5 rises to the top end of the cylindrical stack gear, the grinding unit 7 on the screw 5 contacts the pressing block 32, and the telescopic assembly 72 automatically extends to measure the inner diameter of the gear. The specific process is as follows: as shown in fig. 7, the driving rod 724 in the telescopic assembly 72 contacts with the upper pressing block 32, the pressing block 32 drives the driving rod 724 to move downwards, the first sliding plate 721 fixedly connected with the driving rod 724 moves downwards, the first sliding plate 721 drives the second sliding plate 722 to extend radially through the second connecting rod 723, and the size of the inner hole of the gear is measured. When the first sliding plate 721 moves downward, the first rack 726 fixedly installed below the first sliding plate 721 also moves downward, and the second compression spring 725 is compressed while the pawl portion 729 of the locker 727 does not restrict the downward displacement of the first rack 726. The second sliding plate 722 is detachably provided with an installation seat 71, when a grinding wheel on the installation seat 71 is attached to the inner side hole wall of the gear, the second sliding plate 722 cannot move, so that the inner diameter of the gear is measured, the position of the grinding wheel is adjusted, at the moment, the screw rod 5 stops rotating in the forward direction and starts rotating in the reverse direction, the screw rod 5 is screwed downwards, and the grinding wheel on the installation seat 71 grinds the inner side hole wall of the gear. At this time, the driving rod 724 is not driven downward by the pressing block 32, the first sliding plate 721 tends to move upward by the restoring force of the second compression spring 725, and when the pawl portion 729 of the locker 727 catches the first rack 726, the upward displacement of the first rack 726 is restricted, the first sliding plate 721 is locked, and the mount 71 is locked. When the inner hole of the gear is polished, the upper end of the screw 5 moves downward to the threaded sleeve 4, the unlocking member 73 is jacked up by the threaded sleeve 4, the wedge surface 74 drives the locking member 727 to move radially outward of the screw 5, the first rack 726 is unlocked, and the first sliding plate 721 returns to the original position under the restoring force of the second compression spring 725, and the cycle is repeated. The invention can be suitable for the inner diameters of gears with different sizes, and can automatically measure the inner diameters of the gears with different sizes during processing, automatically adjust the position of a grinding wheel, avoid manual adjustment, save labor and improve production efficiency. In addition, when the gear is not clamped and the correcting block 61 does not adjust the screw sleeve 4, the screw 5 cannot move upwards into the inner hole of the gear even if the screw 5 rotates. Because the screw sleeve 4 is not clamped and fixed at the moment, the screw rod 5 rotates to drive the screw sleeve 4 to rotate together. Can avoid processing the gear under the circumstances of not centering like this, prevent slow-witted design, avoid processing error, produce and scrap, increase manufacturing cost.

As a further aspect of the present invention, the mounting seats 71 on both sides have different grinding wheel grinding accuracy. The single grinding may not be fine, the grinding wheel with different grinding precision is arranged for grinding, and the grinding effect can be improved by performing accurate grinding after coarse grinding.

The size of the compact block is larger than the inner diameter of the gear but smaller than the outer diameter of the gear.

As a further aspect of the present invention, the air injection unit 8 includes an air injection nozzle 81 connected to an air supply and an adjusting assembly for adjusting the orientation of the air injection nozzle 81; the adjusting assembly comprises a first rotating shaft 82 rotatably mounted on the screw 5, an air nozzle 81 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 82, and the length direction of the first rotating shaft 82 is perpendicular to the axial length direction of the screw 5; a first gear 83 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 82, a second rack 84 is opened at both sides of the driving rod 724, and the first gear 83 is meshed with the second rack 84.

The grinding debris generated during grinding can be attached to the grinding wheel, so that the grinding quality of subsequent grinding is affected, and the grinding debris needs to be removed during grinding. Because the internal diameters of the gears polished by the gear polishing machine are different in size, the direction of the air injection unit 8 also needs to be adjusted in real time according to the internal diameters of the gears. As shown in fig. 7, when the telescopic assembly 72 adjusts the position of the mounting seat 71, the driving rod 724 moves downward, the second rack 84 formed on the driving rod 724 moves downward to drive the first gear 83 to rotate, the first gear 83 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 82, the first rotating shaft 82 rotates, the air nozzle 81 fixed on the first rotating shaft 82 also rotates to be always aligned with the grinding wheel on the mounting seat 71, and the grinding wheel is blown during grinding to remove grinding debris. The automatic air injection device can automatically adjust the air injection unit 8 according to the measuring stroke, so that the air injection unit 8 is always aligned to the polishing position, polishing debris is prevented from attaching to the polishing grinding wheel to influence the polishing quality of subsequent polishing, and the polishing effect is improved.

The invention also provides a method for polishing the inner side hole wall of the gear casting, which mainly comprises the following steps:

s1: pulling the clamping plate 31 open, and placing the columnar gear on the workbench 1 to enable the gear to be positioned right above the first through hole 2;

s2: the pressing block 32 presses the gear downwards, the clamping plate 31 clamps the gear, and the threaded sleeve 4 is driven to adjust the position of the polishing mechanism at the same time, so that the polishing unit 7 is concentric with the inner hole of the gear;

s3: the polishing unit 7 extends into the gear to automatically measure the inner diameter of the gear, polishing is started, and meanwhile the air injection unit 8 injects air to remove polishing debris.