阅读说明：本技术 一种基于蜂窝状复合材料的收费站安全岛柔性防撞结构 (Flexible anti-collision structure of toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material ) 是由 刘越 逯平 赵昕 解佳展 顾明洋 段志明 付昂然 于 2020-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于蜂窝状复合材料的收费站安全岛柔性防撞结构,包括安全岛FRP防护层和安全岛外包混凝土层,安全岛外包混凝土层为安全岛的主体成型结构,安全岛FRP防护层通过灌浆液与安全岛外包混凝土层的外层连接在一起；FRP防护层包括FRP板、橡胶混凝土层和聚氨酯泡沫层。本发明设计的聚氨酯泡沫蜂窝结构层,改良橡胶混凝土的弹性性能；聚氨酯泡沫作为橡胶混凝土中的分层结构能够对橡胶混凝土受到冲击后的力学性能进行有效吸收,提高了防撞结构的耗能特性；本发明基于FRP和聚氨酯泡沫填充蜂窝状橡胶混凝土收费站安全岛结构采用一体化成型技术能够进快速施工,对收费站安全岛进行显著的技术改进。(The invention discloses a flexible anti-collision structure for a toll station safety island based on a honeycomb composite material, which comprises a safety island FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) protective layer and a safety island outer wrapping concrete layer, wherein the safety island outer wrapping concrete layer is a main body molding structure of the safety island, and the safety island FRP protective layer is connected with the outer layer of the safety island outer wrapping concrete layer through grouting liquid; the FRP protective layer comprises an FRP plate, a rubber concrete layer and a polyurethane foam layer. The polyurethane foam honeycomb structure layer designed by the invention improves the elastic property of rubber concrete; the polyurethane foam as a layered structure in the rubber concrete can effectively absorb the mechanical property of the rubber concrete after being impacted, so that the energy consumption characteristic of the anti-collision structure is improved; the invention adopts an integrated molding technology based on the FRP and polyurethane foam filled cellular rubber concrete toll station safety island structure to carry out rapid construction, and carries out obvious technical improvement on the toll station safety island.)

1. The utility model provides a flexible crashproof structure of toll station safety island based on cellular combined material which characterized in that: the safety island concrete-encased safety island comprises a safety island FRP protection layer and a safety island encased concrete layer (4), wherein the safety island encased concrete layer (4) is a main body molding structure of the safety island, and the safety island FRP protection layer is connected with the outer layer of the safety island encased concrete layer (4) through grouting liquid; the FRP protective layer comprises an FRP plate (1), a rubber concrete layer (2) and a polyurethane foam layer (3); two-layer FRP board (1) wraps up rubber concrete layer (2), is equipped with the discrete filling hole that distributes of multilayer in rubber concrete layer (2), and it has polyurethane foam layer (3) of constituteing by polyurethane foam to fill in the hole.

2. The flexible anti-collision structure for toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the FRP protective layer of the safety island is the same as that of the concrete layer (4) wrapped outside the safety island.

3. The flexible anti-collision structure for toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the FRP plate (1) is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of anisotropic FPR cloth, the directions of the FPR cloth of adjacent layers are different, and the continuous fiber of the FPR cloth is basalt fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber; each layer of FPR cloth is formed through a hot melting process.

4. The flexible anti-collision structure for toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the safety island FRP protective layer is not more than 25% of the total thickness of the safety island FRP protective layer and the safety island outer concrete layer (4).

5. The flexible anti-collision structure for toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the construction process of the structure is as follows,

s1, reserving a forming position of the FRP protective layer of the safety island outside the safety island of the toll station when the safety island of the toll station is constructed;

s2, prefabricating a safety island FRP protective layer in a factory, processing the safety island FRP protective layer according to the shape of the safety island of the toll station, and performing hot-melt molding by adopting FRP cloth and thermosetting resin to form an FRP plate (1); the space between two layers of FRP plates (1) of the FRP protective layer of the security island is of a hollow structure, and the shape of the FRP plates (1) is manufactured according to the shape of the security island of the toll station; the method comprises the following steps of (1) dispersedly installing and fixing polyurethane foam layers at a hollow position between two FRP plates (1), wherein polyurethane foam of each polyurethane foam layer adopts a slender cylindrical structure to finish the fixed installation of the FRP plates (1) and the polyurethane foam layers, and pouring configured rubber concrete between the two FRP plates (1) to finish the manufacture of an FRP protective layer of the safety island;

s3, the FRP protection layer of the security island is hung to the outer side of the security island of the toll station to serve as a forming outer template, an inner template of the security island of the toll station is fixed, and an outer concrete layer is poured between the inner template and the outer template after steel bars are bound, so that the main body structure of the security island of the toll station is formed.

6. The flexible anti-collision structure for toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: according to the required mechanical property index, calculating the composite ratio of the continuous fibers and the thermosetting resin in the FRP plate (1) according to the composite material theory, so that the FRP plate (1) bears the impact force generated by the speed per hour of the automobile being not more than 100 km/h.

7. The flexible anti-collision structure for toll station safety island based on honeycomb composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-collision safety island is characterized in that an impact buffer area is arranged between the FRP plate (1) and the rubber concrete layer (2), an impact deformation area is formed between the rubber concrete layer (2) and the polyurethane foam layer (3), and the inner wall of the concrete layer (4) coated outside the safety island is an impact constraint area, so that double-layer effective protection is formed for vehicles and the safety island.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a safety island anti-collision structure for an expressway toll station, belongs to the technical field of highway anti-collision technology, highway engineering and composite materials, and particularly relates to a flexible anti-collision structure for the toll station safety island based on an FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) -cellular rubber concrete-polyurethane foam composite material.

Background

Most of the existing toll station safety islands adopt concrete to coat warning patterns for early warning, and actually have no anti-collision function.

Chinese patent CN201210489018.3 discloses a buffering energy-absorbing type anti-collision island head for a safety island, which comprises anti-collision units, connectors and fasteners, wherein the anti-collision island head for a safety island is formed by combining one or more anti-collision units through connectors, and is fixed at the end position of a road surface or the safety island through fasteners, and each anti-collision unit comprises a shell and a filling material body arranged in the shell; the shell comprises a composite material surface layer, the filling material body comprises a space lattice body and an energy dissipation material, the space lattice body is formed by arranging fiber webs, and the energy dissipation material is located in a gap inside the space lattice body and/or between the space lattice body and the inner wall of the shell. This technique is realizing structurally that slow energy is crashproof, has mainly adopted a series of anticollision unit and slow energy material in the first department of safety island anticollision island, and such structure often is a cladding form to do not belong to overall structure, can have the wholeness can be poor in technical practice, and the anticollision dynamics is little, and buffer energy is little etc. a great deal of not enough.

In conclusion, the existing anti-collision structure of the safety island mostly adopts warning and has no actual buffer anti-collision structure, and the safety island is considered to have certain anti-collision capacity, so that the design of the integral buffer anti-collision structure is necessary for double protection of the safety island and an impact object. Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) is widely applied to the field of building construction by virtue of the advantages of high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance and the like. The invention uses FRP and rubber concrete in a matching way, and combines polyurethane foam to apply multiple anti-collision structure layers as a whole on the safety island structure so as to improve the whole anti-collision performance of the safety island.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to design a flexible anti-collision structure of a toll station safety island based on an FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) -cellular rubber concrete-polyurethane foam composite material, the structure and the toll station safety island are integrally formed, and the flexible anti-collision structure mainly solves the problems of complexity of a concrete template of the safety island, long construction period, insufficient durability, overlarge rigidity, poor safety, difficulty in repairing after damage, high repair cost and the like. The structure designed by the invention can effectively protect the toll station security island. The anti-collision structure adopts a triple structure of a honeycomb buffer layer and a concrete filling layer which are composed of an FRP wrapping layer, a polyurethane foam layer and a rubber concrete layer, forms three parts of an impact buffer area, an impact deformation area and an impact constraint area when being impacted, disperses impact energy in the circumferential direction of the honeycomb buffer layer which is composed of the FRP wrapping layer, the polyurethane foam layer and the rubber concrete layer, and carries out double protection on vehicles and a safety island structure.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a flexible anti-collision structure of a toll station safety island based on a honeycomb composite material, which comprises a safety island FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) protective layer and a safety island outer wrapping concrete layer 4, wherein the safety island outer wrapping concrete layer 4 is a main body molding structure of the safety island, and the safety island FRP protective layer is connected with the outer layer of the safety island outer wrapping concrete layer 4 through grouting liquid; the FRP protective layer comprises an FRP plate 1, a rubber concrete layer 2 and a polyurethane foam layer 3. Two-layer FRP board 1 wraps up rubber concrete layer 2, is equipped with the discrete filling hole that distributes of multilayer in the rubber concrete layer 2, and it has polyurethane foam layer 3 of constituteing by polyurethane foam to fill to build in the filling hole.

Further, the shape of the FRP protective layer of the safety island is the same as that of the concrete layer 4 coated outside the safety island.

Furthermore, the FRP plate 1 is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of anisotropic FPR cloth, the directions of the FPR cloth of adjacent layers are different, and the continuous fiber of the FPR cloth is basalt fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber. Each layer of FPR cloth is formed through a hot melting process.

Further, the thickness of the protective layer of the FRP of the safety island is not more than 25% of the total thickness of the protective layer of the FRP of the safety island and the concrete layer 4 wrapping the safety island.

Compared with the prior art, the safety island FRP protection layer comprises a safety island FRP protection layer and a safety island outer wrapping concrete layer, the safety island outer wrapping concrete layer is a main body molding structure of the safety island, the polyurethane foam honeycomb structure layer designed by the invention further improves the elastic property of rubber concrete, and polyurethane foam fixed in advance is embedded in the rubber concrete to form a honeycomb structure; the polyurethane foam as a layered structure in the rubber concrete can effectively absorb the mechanical property of the rubber concrete after being impacted, so that the energy consumption characteristic of the anti-collision structure is improved; the invention adopts an integrated molding technology based on the FRP and polyurethane foam filled cellular rubber concrete toll station safety island structure to carry out rapid construction, and obviously improves the toll station safety island technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1: schematic diagram of the FRP plate structure of the security island.

FIG. 2: the structural schematic diagram of the safety island FRP plate and the rubber concrete filling material.

FIG. 3: the anti-collision structure and the FRP form a closed loop structure.

FIG. 4: and the impact force time-course curve of the impact test of the safety island adopting the anti-collision device and the safety island not adopting the anti-collision member.

In the figure: 1-FRP plate, 2-rubber concrete layer, 3-polyurethane foam layer and 4-safety island concrete layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a flexible anti-collision structure for a toll station safety island based on a honeycomb composite material comprises a safety island FRP protective layer and a safety island outer-wrapping concrete layer 4, wherein the safety island outer-wrapping concrete layer 4 is a main body molding structure of the safety island, and the safety island FRP protective layer is connected with the outer layer of the safety island outer-wrapping concrete layer 4 through grouting liquid; the FRP protective layer comprises an FRP plate 1, a rubber concrete layer 2 and a polyurethane foam layer 3. Two-layer FRP board 1 wraps up rubber concrete layer 2, is equipped with the discrete filling hole who distributes of multilayer in the rubber concrete layer 2, and it has polyurethane foam layer 2 to fill to build in the filling hole and constitute by polyurethane foam.

Further, the shape of the FRP protective layer of the safety island is the same as that of the concrete layer 4 coated outside the safety island.

The FRP protective layer comprises an FRP plate 1, a rubber concrete layer 2 and a polyurethane foam layer 3. Two-layer FRP board 1 wraps up rubber concrete layer 2, is equipped with the discrete filling hole who distributes of multilayer in the rubber concrete layer 2, and it has polyurethane foam layer 2 to fill to build in the filling hole and constitute by polyurethane foam.

Furthermore, the FRP plate 1 is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of anisotropic FPR cloth, the directions of the FPR cloth of adjacent layers are different, and the continuous fiber of the FPR cloth is basalt fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber. Each layer of FPR cloth is formed through a hot melting process. The FRP plate 1 is formed by laminating FRP cloth in different directions and then performing hot melting molding. The FRP is an anisotropic material, the directions of the FRP cloth are 0 degree, 45 degree and 90 degree, and the FRP cloth in different directions are laminated to form the FRP plate with uniform performance in each direction.

Further, the thickness of the protective layer of the FRP of the safety island is not more than 25% of the total thickness of the protective layer of the FRP of the safety island and the concrete layer 4 wrapping the safety island.

Further, the construction process of the structure is as follows,

s1, reserving a forming position of the FRP protective layer of the safety island outside the safety island of the toll station when the safety island of the toll station is constructed;

s2, prefabricating an FRP protective layer of the safety island in a factory, processing the FRP protective layer of the safety island according to the shape of the safety island of the toll station, and carrying out hot melt molding by adopting FRP cloth and thermosetting resin to form an FRP plate 1; the space between two layers of FRP plates 1 of the FRP protective layer of the security island is of a hollow structure, and the shape of the FRP plates 1 is manufactured according to the shape of the security island of the toll station; the fixed polyurethane foam layers are dispersedly installed at the hollow position between the two FRP plates 1, the polyurethane foam of each polyurethane foam layer adopts a slender cylindrical structure, the fixed installation of the FRP plates 1 and the polyurethane foam layers is completed, the configured rubber concrete is poured between the two FRP plates 1, and the production of the FRP protective layer of the safety island is completed.

S3, the FRP protection layer of the security island is hung to the outer side of the security island of the toll station to serve as a forming outer template, an inner template of the security island of the toll station is fixed, and an outer concrete layer is poured between the inner template and the outer template after steel bars are bound, so that the main body structure of the security island of the toll station is formed.

Specifically, according to the required mechanical property index, the composite ratio of the continuous fibers and the thermosetting resin in the FRP plate 1 is calculated according to the composite material theory, so that the FRP plate 1 bears the impact force (impact force) generated when the speed per hour of the automobile is not more than 100 km/h.

The safety island is characterized in that an impact buffer area is arranged between the FRP plate 1 and the rubber concrete layer 2, an impact deformation area is formed between the rubber concrete layer 2 and the polyurethane foam layer 3, and the inner wall of the concrete layer 4 coated outside the safety island is an impact constraint area, so that double-layer effective protection is formed for vehicles and the safety island.

The rubber particles added into the rubber concrete filling material can play a better filling role in the internal structure of the concrete, and the compactness of the concrete structure is improved; the rubber particles can also form a structural deformation center in the concrete, so that strain energy can be absorbed, and the formation and development of cracks under the action of impact load can be inhibited. The rubber concrete filling material with good impact resistance is adopted, so that the damage of the vehicle after impacting the concrete of the safety island is less, the repair and the local replacement are easy, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.

The polyurethane foam as a layered structure in the rubber concrete can effectively absorb the mechanical property of the rubber concrete after being impacted, thereby reducing the replacement and maintenance cost in the later period; polyurethane foam is formed in a pre-fixed structural form, the polyurethane foam is used for buffering transverse impact of the safety island, the overall mechanical property of the safety island body is not affected, and compared with a common reinforced concrete structure, the overall elastic property of the safety island is obviously improved.

The rubber concrete with good elasticity is selected, and the polyurethane foam is selected as the internal filling material, so that the toughness of the whole safety island structure is obviously improved, the damping energy consumption capability is obviously improved, and when the rubber concrete is used for anti-collision and vibration reduction of the safety island structure, the contact rigidity during collision can be reduced, and the energy dissipation of the safety island structure can be accelerated; the rubber concrete is seamlessly laminated with the polyurethane foam, the FRP plate 1 can well protect the rubber concrete material, the defect of poor durability of the rubber concrete material is avoided, and the service life of the rubber concrete is prolonged; meanwhile, a tightening force is provided for connecting the rubber concrete, and the compatibility of the rubber particles and the cement paste is improved. The FRP plate 1-rubber concrete safety island anti-collision structure can play a good role in buffering and energy dissipation, reduce the damage to colliding vehicles and more effectively protect the safety of drivers; the FRP plate 1-rubber concrete anti-collision member can effectively reduce the overall or local damage degree of the safety island when the safety island is impacted by vehicles.

The rubber concrete filling material is an elastic concrete material (semi-rigid), and is prepared by adding crushed rubber particles of waste rubber into a common concrete base material, and the rubber particles in the rubber concrete can obviously improve the internal structure of the concrete, enhance the fluidity of a concrete mixture, reduce the constraint and stress concentration conditions in the concrete and absorb a large amount of impact energy; provides a green and environment-friendly way for the treatment of waste tires. The polyurethane foam honeycomb structure layer designed by the invention further improves the elastic property of rubber concrete, and polyurethane foam fixed in advance is embedded in the rubber concrete to form a honeycomb structure.

The anti-collision member for the safety island filled with the cellular rubber concrete based on the FRP and the polyurethane foam has the advantages of convenient manufacture, good performance and lower cost, and the integrated molding technology adopted by the anti-collision member can be used for rapid construction and can be widely applied to anti-collision measures of the safety island.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present car crash test, the crash car was a ford 800 truck,the load is 8t, and the speed at the time of collision is 60 km/h. The length of the anti-collision device of the safety island adopted in the test is 2700mm, the width is 2500mm, the height is 1000mm, the thickness is 500mm, the thickness of the FRP layer (single layer) is 5mm, the thickness of the cellular rubber concrete is 190mm, the total thickness of the anti-collision layer is 200mm, the diameter of the cellular is 50mm, and the anti-collision device has two rows of polyurethane foams. The FRP material used in the test had a density of 1.8g/cm³The yield strength is 90MPa, and the elastic modulus is 20000 MPa; the density of the rubber concrete material is 2.3g/cm³The shear elastic modulus is 9100MPa, and the bulk elastic modulus is 12200 MPa; the polyurethane foam had a density of 0.06g/cm³The tensile stress cut-off strength was 0.007MPa, and the modulus of elasticity was 7.59 MPa.

By using the flexible anti-collision structure of the toll station safety island based on the cellular rubber concrete-polyurethane foam composite material, the peak value of the impact force is reduced from 2476KN to 1080KN, the impact force is reduced by 56.38%, and the effect of reducing the impact force is very obvious. And the impact force time-course curves of the concrete safety island adopting the anti-collision member and the concrete safety island not adopting the anti-collision member are different in the impact test. The invention can greatly reduce the impact force by filling the cellular rubber concrete safety island anti-collision member based on FRP and polyurethane foam, effectively protect the safety island and the vehicle when collision occurs, and has remarkable and excellent technical effect.