阅读说明：本技术 基于冷作硬化效应的冲扭断管装置和方法 (Impact-torsion pipe-breaking device and method based on cold-work hardening effect ) 是由 崔希君 张爱恩 魏羲 蒙占彬 崔青 樊敦秋 郭强 田海庆 李明朝 于 2019-02-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于冷作硬化效应的冲扭断管装置包括管固定器、管燃烧冷却器和管分割冲扭器。管燃烧冷却器包括燃烧舱推动缸、燃烧舱、引信和冷却头；管分割冲扭器包括冲扭卡爪推动缸、旋转滑轨和冲扭卡爪,其中旋转滑轨与外部旋转驱动机构构成联动配合。其方法是：管固定器固定管道；管燃烧冷却器连同管分割冲扭器固定在管道的自由端,燃烧舱内填充燃料,引信点燃燃料,实现快速燃烧并对管道进行加热,冷却头迅速向加热面喷射液氮并实现快速冷却；管分割冲扭器快速旋转冲扭,使管道断裂。利用钢材冷作硬化变脆效应和大扭矩冲扭原理实现海底管道切割,能够提高切割自动化程度和管道切割效率,从而降低海底管道拆除成本。(A tube punching and twisting device based on a cold-work hardening effect comprises a tube fixer, a tube combustion cooler and a tube segmentation punching and twisting device. The tube combustion cooler comprises a combustion chamber pushing cylinder, a combustion chamber, a fuse and a cooling head; the pipe cutting and twisting device comprises a twisting claw pushing cylinder, a rotary slide rail and a twisting claw, wherein the rotary slide rail and an external rotary driving mechanism are in linkage fit. The method comprises the following steps: the pipe fixer fixes the pipe; the pipe combustion cooler and the pipe segmentation torque punching device are fixed at the free end of the pipeline, fuel is filled in the combustion chamber, a fuse ignites the fuel to realize quick combustion and heat the pipeline, and the cooling head quickly sprays liquid nitrogen to the heating surface to realize quick cooling; the pipe cutting impact twister quickly rotates and impacts a torsion, so that the pipeline is broken. The submarine pipeline cutting is realized by utilizing the steel cold-work hardening embrittlement effect and the high-torque impact torsion principle, the cutting automation degree and the pipeline cutting efficiency can be improved, and the submarine pipeline dismantling cost is reduced.)

1. A kind of impact based on cold work hardening effect wrenches the broken tube device, characterized by that: mainly comprises a tube fixer (2), a tube combustion cooler (3) and a tube segmentation impact twister (4).

2. A punch-break tube device based on cold-work hardening effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tube combustion cooler (3) comprises a combustion chamber pushing cylinder (7), a combustion chamber (8), a fuse (9) and a cooling head (10); wherein, the combustion chamber (8) is connected with the front end of the combustion chamber pushing cylinder (7) and is ring-segment-shaped, and the fuse (9) is introduced into the combustion chamber (8); the inner end of the cooling head (10) surrounds the side surface of the combustion chamber (8) and is connected with an external cooling medium.

3. A punch-break tube device based on cold-work hardening effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: the pipe segmentation and torsion device (4) comprises a torsion claw pushing cylinder (12), a rotary slide rail (13) and a torsion claw (14), wherein the rotary slide rail (13) and an external rotary driving mechanism form linkage fit.

4. A press-break tube device based on cold-work hardening effect according to claim 1 or 2, 3, characterized in that: the pipe fixer (2) comprises a fixing jaw pushing cylinder (5) and a fixing jaw (6), and the fixing jaw pushing cylinder (5) pushes the fixing jaw (6) to move in the radial direction.

5. The method for breaking a pipe of a punch-and-twist pipe-breaking device based on a cold-work hardening effect according to claim 4 is as follows:

1) the pipe fixer (2) is used for fixing the pipeline (1) and is arranged at the continuous end of the pipeline (1), and the fixing jaw pushing cylinder (5) pushes the fixing jaw (6) to clamp the pipeline (1) to realize fixation;

2) the pipe combustion cooler (3) and the pipe segmentation torque flushing device (4) are sleeved and fixed at the free end of the pipeline (1), fuel (10) is filled in the combustion chamber (8), the fuel (10) is ignited by the fuse (9), rapid combustion is realized, the pipeline (1) is heated, the cooling head (11) rapidly sprays liquid nitrogen to the heating surface and rapid cooling is realized, and the steel lattice of the pipeline (1) is enabled to be unevenly distributed and become brittle;

3) when the pipe is cooled rapidly, the pipe cutting impact wrench device (4) is linked with an external rotation driving mechanism through a rotating slide rail (13), and the pipe is rapidly rotated to impact and twist, so that the pipeline (1) is broken.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device and a method for breaking a pipe by impact and torsion based on a cold-work hardening effect, in particular to a method for realizing submarine pipeline segmentation by utilizing a steel cold-work hardening embrittlement effect and a high-torque impact and torsion principle, and a device for realizing pipe breaking by applying the method, belonging to the field of ocean engineering.

Technical Field

With the continuous deepening of the development of the offshore oil, a large number of pipelines are laid on the seabed and are used for conveying liquid materials such as crude oil, production water and the like. Because the supporting platform loses the original functions, the submarine pipelines reach the service life and the like, part of the submarine pipelines are abandoned and need to be dismantled urgently. At present, the submarine pipeline is cut mainly by adopting an oxygen-acetylene cutting mode, namely: one end of the submarine pipeline is hoisted to an engineering ship by using a floating crane, and manual oxy-acetylene cutting is carried out by personnel. The defects of low cutting efficiency, high labor intensity of personnel and high operation risk exist, and the requirement of submarine pipeline abandoning operation at the present stage cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device and a method for breaking a pipe by punching and twisting based on a cold-work hardening effect, which realize the cutting of the submarine pipeline by utilizing the cold-work hardening embrittlement effect of steel and a high-torque punching and twisting principle, can improve the cutting automation degree and the pipeline cutting efficiency, and have the characteristics of strong pipe diameter adaptability and the like, thereby reducing the comprehensive cost for dismantling the submarine pipeline.

The invention relates to a punching and twisting pipe-breaking device based on a cold-work hardening effect, which mainly comprises a pipe fixer, a pipe combustion cooler and a pipe segmentation punching and twisting device.

The tube combustion cooler comprises a combustion chamber pushing cylinder, a combustion chamber, a fuse and a cooling head; wherein, the combustion chamber is connected with the front end of the combustion chamber propelling cylinder and is ring-segment-shaped, and the fuse is introduced into the combustion chamber; the inner end of the cooling head surrounds the side surface of the combustion chamber and is connected with an external cooling medium.

The pipe cutting and twisting device comprises a twisting claw pushing cylinder, a rotary slide rail and a twisting claw, wherein the rotary slide rail and an external rotary driving mechanism are in linkage fit.

The pipe fixer comprises a fixed jaw pushing cylinder and a fixed jaw, wherein the fixed jaw pushing cylinder pushes the fixed jaw to move in the radial direction.

The pipe breaking method of the pipe punching and twisting device based on the cold work hardening effect comprises the following steps:

1. the pipe fixer is used for fixing a pipeline and is arranged at the continuous end of the pipeline, and the fixing clamping jaw pushing cylinder pushes the fixing clamping jaw to clamp the pipeline to realize fixation;

2. the pipe combustion cooler and the pipe segmentation torque converter are sleeved and fixed at the free end of the pipeline, fuel is filled in the combustion chamber, a fuse ignites the fuel to realize quick combustion and heat the pipeline, and the cooling head quickly sprays liquid nitrogen to the heating surface to realize quick cooling so that the crystal lattice distribution of the pipeline steel is uneven and becomes brittle;

3. when the pipe is cooled rapidly, the pipe cutting impact torsion device is linked with an external rotation driving mechanism through a rotating slide rail, and the pipe is rapidly rotated to impact torsion, so that the pipe is broken.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the device and the method for breaking the pipe by punching and twisting based on the cold-work hardening effect realize the cutting of the submarine pipeline by utilizing the steel cold-work hardening embrittlement effect and the high-torque punching and twisting principle, can improve the cutting automation degree and the pipeline cutting efficiency, and have the characteristics of strong pipe diameter adaptability and the like, thereby reducing the comprehensive cost of dismantling the submarine pipeline.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a pipe punching and twisting device based on a cold-work hardening effect.

In the figure: the device comprises a pipeline 1, a pipe fixing device 2, a pipe combustion cooler 3, a pipe segmentation impact and torsion device 4, a fixing clamping jaw pushing cylinder 5, a fixing clamping jaw 6, a combustion chamber pushing cylinder 7, a combustion chamber 8, a combustion chamber fuse 9, fuel 10, a cooling head 11, a impact and torsion clamping jaw pushing cylinder 12, a rotary sliding rail 13 and an impact and torsion clamping jaw 14.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.