阅读说明：本技术 一种空气弹簧成型方法 (Air spring forming method ) 是由 赵应龙 吕志强 张犇 于安斌 郑伟涛 喻斌 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及橡胶成型模具领域,具体涉及一种空气弹簧成型方法。本发明提供克服传统空气弹簧成型模具依赖成型机的局限性、功能单一、瓦片存在间隙、合模依赖机械力等缺点。步骤具体包括涨圆阶段、嵌补阶段、回缩阶段、组件替换阶段以及充气成型阶段。本发明装置多用,装置只需替换部分组件,即能完成涨圆和充气成型两种操作,而不需要移动橡胶囊体。本发明操作简单,利用成型鼓进行涨圆操作时,装置只需要放置在车床上,芯轴组件和其中的芯轴只需从两端分别连接车床,车床的轴向进给就能实现成型鼓的操作。而进行充气成型时,人力转动推杆即可推动左端模具,实现合模操作,不需要依赖机械力。本方法及装置简单,配置合理,易于安装。(The invention relates to the field of rubber forming molds, in particular to an air spring forming method. The invention overcomes the defects that the traditional air spring forming die depends on a forming machine, has single function, has gaps on tiles, depends on mechanical force for die assembly and the like. The steps specifically comprise a round expanding stage, an embedding stage, a retracting stage, an assembly replacing stage and an inflation forming stage. The device has multiple purposes, can complete two operations of expanding a circle and inflating and forming only by replacing part of components, and does not need to move the rubber bag body. The invention has simple operation, when the forming drum is used for expanding the circle, the device only needs to be placed on a lathe, the mandrel component and the mandrel therein only need to be respectively connected with the lathe from two ends, and the forming drum can be operated by the axial feeding of the lathe. When the inflation molding is carried out, the left end mold can be pushed by manually rotating the push rod, so that the mold closing operation is realized without depending on mechanical force. The method and the device are simple, reasonable in configuration and easy to install.)

1. An air spring forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a circle expanding stage: arranging the cylindrical rubber bag body in a plastic state on a forming drum, and expanding the forming drum into a horn shape to expand the rubber bag body into the horn shape;

and (3) embedding and repairing: embedding and repairing the gap after the forming drum is expanded by using an embedding and repairing device;

a retraction stage: removing the embedding device, and restoring the forming drum to an initial cylindrical shape;

a component replacement stage: supporting the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body by using the thread support assembly, removing the forming drum, extending the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body into the support sleeve, fixing the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body by using the end head of the support sleeve, installing an inflatable inner bag and a forming module II at the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body, installing the forming module I at the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body, and removing the thread support assembly;

and (3) inflation molding stage: and pushing the first forming module to enable the first forming module and the second forming module to be buckled, simultaneously inflating the rubber air bag and gradually pushing out the supporting sleeve in the pushing process to enable the rubber air bag body to be inflated into a swimming ring shape, completing forming, and removing the inflated inner bag, the first forming module and the second forming module after the rubber air bag body is cooled.

2. The air spring forming method according to claim 1, wherein the air spring forming method comprises the steps that the mandrel assembly comprises a mandrel and a sliding block, the sliding block is in a star shape, and the center of the sliding block is fixed with the mandrel;

the forming drum comprises a slide guide body, a long tile, a tile connecting rod, a thrust bearing sleeve, a hand wheel nut sleeve, a thrust bearing, an umbrella-shaped support frame I and an umbrella-shaped support frame II;

the sliding guide bodies are uniformly distributed around the axis direction of the mandrel, the end heads of the sliding blocks prop against the inner surface of the sliding guide bodies, the inner surface of the sliding guide bodies is provided with a slope, and the mandrel moves rightwards to drive the end heads of the sliding blocks to cross the slope, so that the sliding guide bodies move along the radial direction of the mandrel;

one end of the long tile is hinged with the left end of the outer surface of the slide guide body, and the other end of the long tile is hinged with one end of the tile connecting rod;

a thrust bearing sleeve and a hand wheel nut sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the right side of the mandrel; the mandrel is provided with a section of thread, and the hand wheel nut sleeve is meshed with the thread; the thrust bearing sleeve and the hand wheel nut sleeve are connected through a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing sleeve can be pushed to slide back and forth by rotating the hand wheel nut sleeve; the thrust bearing sleeve is provided with a first bulge and a second bulge from left to right respectively;

the corners of the umbrella-shaped support frame I and the umbrella-shaped support frame II are hinged to the sliding guide body; one end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame props against the long tile, and the other end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame props against the first bulge; one end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame props against the tile connecting rod, and the other end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame props against the second bulge.

3. The air spring forming mold of claim 2, wherein the mandrel assembly is removed between the step of installing the forming die set in the assembly replacement stage and the step of installing the forming die set.

4. The air spring forming die of claim 2, wherein the end of the slider slides across the ramp to move the slider 5cm radially along the mandrel.

5. The air spring forming die of claim 2, wherein the insertion device comprises an insertion positioning frame and an insertion assembly; the center of the embedding and repairing locating frame is fixed on the right side of the mandrel, the embedding and repairing assembly is fixed at the end of the embedding and repairing locating frame, and the embedding and repairing assembly is used for interpolating gaps formed after the long tiles are spread.

6. The air spring forming die of claim 2, wherein the threaded brace assembly comprises a "Y" shape formed by three braces, and an included angle between two adjacent braces is 120 °.

7. The air spring forming die of claim 1, wherein the forming die set II is provided with a semi-arc surface; the first molding module comprises an outer molding die and an inner molding die; the inner forming die is provided with a 'er' -shaped outer arc surface, and the outer forming die is provided with a semi-arc surface;

when the first forming module and the second forming module are buckled, the semi-arc surface of the outer forming die, the semi-arc surface of the second forming module and the outer arc surface of the inner forming die form a swimming ring shape.

8. The air spring forming die of claim 7, further comprising a push rod, a lock push cover and a push plate; the push rod is connected with a lock push cover, the lock push cover is connected with a push disc, and the push disc is connected with the outer forming die and the inner forming die.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of air spring forming, in particular to an air spring forming method.

Background

The rubber air spring is an element using a reaction force of compressed air inside a rubber air bag as an elastic restoring force. In the aspect of traffic, the rubber air spring is widely applied to vehicles such as automobiles, rapid trains, subways, light rail trains, magnetic suspension trains and the like; in the industry, the present invention is widely applied to various industrial machines such as a press machine, an air compressor, a centrifuge, a casting machine, and a textile machine.

The existing air spring and the forming mold thereof are mostly used as a part of a forming machine, and the existing air spring and the forming mold thereof have a plurality of defects, such as the defect that the existing air spring and the forming mold thereof cannot be used independently, the forming machine has a complex structure and occupies a large space, bubbles are easily generated on gaps of tiles on the existing forming drum, and the existing forming drum can only be mechanically matched in the process of inflating and flanging.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects that the traditional air spring molding relies on a molding machine for limitation, the function is single, tiles have gaps, mold closing relies on mechanical force and the like.

The invention provides an air spring forming method, which comprises the following steps:

a circle expanding stage: arranging the cylindrical rubber bag body in a plastic state on a forming drum, and expanding the forming drum into a horn shape to expand the rubber bag body into the horn shape;

and (3) embedding and repairing: embedding and repairing the gap after the forming drum is expanded by using an embedding and repairing device;

a retraction stage: removing the embedding device, and restoring the forming drum to an initial cylindrical shape;

a component replacement stage: supporting the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body by using the thread support assembly, removing the forming drum, extending the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body into the support sleeve, fixing the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body by using the end head of the support sleeve, installing an inflatable inner bag and a forming module II at the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body, installing the forming module I at the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body, and removing the thread support assembly;

and (3) inflation molding stage: and pushing the first forming module to enable the first forming module and the second forming module to be buckled, simultaneously inflating the rubber air bag and gradually removing the supporting sleeve in the pushing process to enable the rubber air bag body to be inflated into a swimming ring shape, completing forming, and removing the inflated inner bag, the first forming module and the second forming module after the rubber air bag body is cooled.

The invention is further optimized to include a mandrel component, the mandrel component comprises a mandrel and a slide block, the slide block is in a starfish shape, and the center of the slide block is fixed with the mandrel;

the forming drum comprises a slide guide body, a long tile, a tile connecting rod, a thrust bearing sleeve, a hand wheel nut sleeve, a thrust bearing, an umbrella-shaped support frame I and an umbrella-shaped support frame II;

the sliding guide bodies are uniformly distributed around the axis direction of the mandrel, the end heads of the sliding blocks prop against the inner surface of the sliding guide bodies, the inner surface of the sliding guide bodies is provided with a slope, and the mandrel moves rightwards to drive the end heads of the sliding blocks to cross the slope, so that the sliding guide bodies move along the radial direction of the mandrel;

one end of the long tile is hinged with the left end of the outer surface of the slide guide body, and the other end of the long tile is hinged with one end of the tile connecting rod;

a thrust bearing sleeve and a hand wheel nut sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the right side of the mandrel; the mandrel is provided with a section of thread, and the hand wheel nut sleeve is meshed with the thread; the thrust bearing sleeve and the hand wheel nut sleeve are connected through a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing sleeve can be pushed to slide back and forth by rotating the hand wheel nut sleeve; the thrust bearing sleeve is provided with a first bulge and a second bulge from left to right respectively;

the corners of the umbrella-shaped support frame I and the umbrella-shaped support frame II are hinged to the sliding guide body; one end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame props against the long tile, and the other end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame props against the first bulge; one end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame props against the tile connecting rod, and the other end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame props against the second bulge.

As a further optimization of the invention, the mandrel assembly is withdrawn from the assembly replacement stage between the two steps of mounting into a form set and the one step of mounting into a form set.

As a further optimization of the invention, the end of the sliding block slides through a slope to move the guide sliding body along the radial direction of the mandrel for 5 cm.

As a further optimization of the invention, the embedding device comprises an embedding positioning frame and an embedding component; the center of the embedding and repairing locating frame is fixed on the right side of the mandrel, the embedding and repairing assembly is fixed at the end of the embedding and repairing locating frame, and the embedding and repairing assembly is used for interpolating gaps formed after the long tiles are spread.

As a further optimization of the invention, the threaded support component comprises a Y-shaped structure formed by three support rods, and the included angle between two adjacent support rods is 120 degrees.

As a further optimization of the invention, the second molding module is provided with a semi-arc surface; the first molding module comprises an outer molding die and an inner molding die; the inner forming die is provided with a 'er' -shaped outer arc surface, and the outer forming die is provided with a semi-arc surface;

when the first forming module and the second forming module are buckled, the semi-arc surface of the outer forming die, the semi-arc surface of the second forming module and the outer arc surface of the inner forming die form a swimming ring shape.

The air spring forming die of claim 7, further comprising a push rod, a lock push cover and a push plate; the push rod is connected with a lock push cover, the lock push cover is connected with a push disc, and the push disc is connected with the outer forming die and the inner forming die.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the device is multipurpose: the device can complete two operations of expanding the circle and inflating and forming only by replacing part of components without moving the rubber bag body.

The operation is simple: when the forming drum is used for performing circle expanding operation, the device only needs to be placed on a lathe, the mandrel component and the mandrel therein only need to be connected with the lathe from two ends respectively, and the forming drum can be operated by axial feeding of the lathe. When the inflation molding is carried out, the mold can be pushed by manually rotating the push rod, the mold closing operation is realized, and mechanical force is not required.

The method and the device are simple, reasonable in configuration and easy to install.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an initial view of the rounding stage of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view of the formation of the rounding step of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a composite view of the assembly replacement stage and the inflation molding stage of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first forming module and the second forming module after being fastened together;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the final product of the present invention;

the device comprises a mandrel component 1, a mandrel 11, a sliding block 12, a sliding guide body 21, a long tile 22, a tile connecting rod 23, a thrust bearing sleeve 24, a first protrusion 241, a second protrusion 242, a hand wheel nut sleeve 25, a thrust bearing 26, a first umbrella-shaped support frame 27, a second umbrella-shaped support frame 28, a rubber bag body 3, an embedding device 4, an embedding positioning frame 41, an embedding component 42, a threaded support component 5, a support rod 51, an inner forming die 61, an outer forming die 62, an inflatable inner bag 71, a second forming die 72, a push rod 81, a locking push cover 82, a push disc 83 and a support sleeve 9.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the air spring forming method provided in this embodiment includes steps of a round expansion stage, an insertion stage, a retraction stage, an assembly replacement stage, and an inflation forming stage.

Firstly, the rubber capsule body 3 is heated to a plastic state, and is cleaned by ethyl acetate, and the surface is coated with the tackifier.

In the round expansion stage, the cylindrical rubber capsule body 3 in a plastic state is arranged on a forming drum which is also cylindrical in an initial state, then the forming drum is driven to be flared, and the cylindrical rubber capsule body 3 is expanded into a horn shape.

In the embedding stage, the gap existing after the trumpet-shaped expansion of the forming drum is embedded and repaired by the embedding and repairing device 4, so that the rubber capsule body 3 is prevented from collapsing along the gap, and the final shape of the rubber capsule body 3 is kept smooth.

And entering a retraction stage after the embedding stage, wherein the retraction stage is to remove the embedding device 4, and then restore the forming drum expanded into the trumpet shape into the initial cylinder shape to prepare for the assembly replacement stage.

The assembly replacing stage is used for removing the equipment of the swelling stage, replacing the equipment with new equipment and preparing for the subsequent inflation molding stage. In the stage, firstly, the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body 3 is supported by the thread support component 5, then the forming drum is removed, the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body 3 extends into the support sleeve 9, the small-caliber end of the rubber capsule body 3 is fixed at the end of the support sleeve 9, the inflatable inner bag 71 and the forming module II 72 are installed at the large-caliber end of the rubber capsule body 3, and the support sleeve 9 and the inflatable inner bag support against the rubber capsule body 3 to prevent the rubber capsule body 3 from collapsing inwards. And then installing a first forming module at the small-caliber end of the horn-shaped rubber bag body 3, and finally removing the thread support component 5.

And finally, an inflation forming stage, wherein the first forming module is pushed to enable the first forming module and the second forming module to be buckled, meanwhile, the rubber air bag is inflated in the pushing process, the supporting sleeve 9 is gradually pushed out, and the supporting sleeve 9 is required to always support and restrain the inflatable inner bag 71 in the pushing process, so that the forming is completed. The buckling of the first molding module and the second molding module at the stage can be completed manually without depending on mechanical force.

This embodiment also provides a specific structure of the instrument used in the above-described steps.

The mandrel component comprises a mandrel component 1, the mandrel component 1 comprises a mandrel 11 and a sliding block 12, the sliding block 12 is in a star shape, the center of the sliding block 12 is fixed with the mandrel 11, and the mandrel 11 can drive the sliding block 12 to move together along the axial direction.

Under the condition that the mandrel component 1 exists, the mandrel component 1 is replaced at the component replacement stage, and the concrete steps are that after the forming module II is installed at the large-caliber end of the horn-shaped rubber sac body 3, and before the forming module I is installed at the small-caliber end of the rubber sac body 3.

The forming drum in the embodiment comprises a slide guide body 21, a long tile 22, a tile connecting rod 23, a thrust bearing sleeve 24, a hand wheel nut sleeve 25, a thrust bearing 26, a first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 and a second umbrella-shaped support frame 28.

The plurality of the slide guiding bodies 21 are uniformly distributed around the axial direction of the mandrel 11, each end of the starfish-shaped slide block 12 is abutted against each slide guiding body 21, a section of slope is arranged on the inner surface of each slide guiding body 21, and the mandrel 11 can move to the right to drive the end of the slide block 12 to cross the slope, so that the slide guiding bodies 21 move along the radial direction of the mandrel 11. Further preferably, the end of the slide 12 is inclined to move the slide guide 21 radially along the spindle 11 by 5 cm.

The long tile 22 has a plurality of pieces, the number of the pieces is equal to that of the slide guide 21, and the long tile 22 is used for supporting the tubular rubber into a horn shape, so that one end of the long tile 22 is hinged to the left end of the outer surface of the slide guide 21, and the other end of the long tile 22 is hinged to one end of the tile connecting rod 23. In the present application, the left and right are referred to with reference to fig. 1, 2, and 3.

The thrust bearing sleeve 24 and the hand wheel nut sleeve 25 are arranged on the right side of the mandrel 11, and the thrust bearing sleeve 24 is arranged on the left side of the hand wheel nut sleeve 25. The spindle 11 has an external thread which is engaged with an internal thread of a hand wheel nut sleeve 25, and the thrust bearing sleeve 24 can slide back and forth on the spindle 11. The thrust bearing sleeve 24 and the hand wheel nut sleeve 25 are connected through a thrust bearing.

The thrust bearing sleeve 24 is provided with a first projection 241 and a second projection 242 from left to right. The first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 and the second umbrella-shaped support frame 28 are V-shaped, corners of the first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 and corners of the second umbrella-shaped support frame 28 are hinged to the sliding guide body 21, one end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 abuts against the long tile 22, the other end of the first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 abuts against the first bulge 241, one end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame 28 abuts against the tile connecting rod 23, and the other end of the second umbrella-shaped support frame 28 abuts against the second bulge 242.

Since the rubber bladder 3 in the initial state is cylindrical, the embodiment is provided with a groove on the outer surface of the slide guide 21 for embedding the long tile 22 and the tile link 23, and when the long tile 22 and the tile link 23 are in the tightened state, the outer surfaces of the slide guide 21, the long tile 22 and the tile link 23 form a cylindrical surface. Of course, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to this manner of providing the recess.

The working principle of the building drum is as follows:

and (3) rotating the hand wheel nut sleeve 25 to push the hand wheel nut sleeve 25 from right to left, moving the thrust bearing sleeve 24 from right to left under the action of the thrust bearing 26, wherein in the moving process of the thrust bearing sleeve 24, the first bulge 241 and the second bulge 242 respectively push the first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 and the second umbrella-shaped support frame 28 to rotate around a corner hinge shaft, so that the first umbrella-shaped support frame 27 and the second umbrella-shaped support frame 28 respectively jack up the long tile 22 and the tile connecting rod 23, and finally realizing the conversion from the state in the figure 1 to the state in the figure 2, namely realizing that the forming drum is cylindrical and is opened into a horn shape.

The insertion device 4 in this embodiment includes an insertion positioning bracket 41 and an insertion assembly 42. The center of the embedding positioning frame 41 is fixed on the right side of the mandrel 11, the embedding positioning frame 41 is used for positioning the embedding of the embedding component 42, accurate positioning of the embedding is guaranteed, and the embedding component 42 is fixed at the end of the embedding positioning frame 41. Since there is a gap between the long tiles 22 after the long tiles 22 are pushed open into the shape of a horn, the inserting and repairing assembly 42 is used for inserting the gap between the long tiles 22 after being pushed open, so as to prevent the rubber capsule body 3 from collapsing along the gap. The shape and number of the caulking elements 42 should correspond to the shape and number of the slits, and will not be described in detail herein.

The threaded brace assembly 5 in this embodiment includes a Y-shape formed by three braces 51, and an included angle between two adjacent braces 51 is 120 °. The stay bar 51 is composed of a screw and a stay sleeve, the screw is in threaded connection with the stay sleeve, and the length can be freely adjusted.

The second molding module of this embodiment has a semi-arc surface. The first forming module comprises an outer forming die 62 and an inner forming die 61, the inner forming die 61 is provided with a 'er' -shaped outer arc surface, and the outer forming die 62 is provided with a semi-arc surface. When the first forming module and the second forming module are buckled, the semi-arc surface of the second forming module 72 and the outer arc surface of the inner forming die 61 form a swimming ring shape.

Preferably, a push rod 81, a lock push cover 82 and a push disk 83 are also included. The push rod 81 is connected to the lock push cover 82, the lock push cover 82 is connected to the push disk 83, and the push disk 83 is connected to the outer forming die 62 and the inner forming die 61. The push rod 81 is pushed forward to make the lock push cover 82 push the push disk 83, the push rod 8 can be pushed forward by adopting a ball screw mode, and the push disk 83 pushes the outer forming die 62 and the inner forming die 61 again until the push disk is buckled with the forming die set II. And in the process that the push disc 83 and the forming module I move rightwards along the axial direction, the inflatable inner bag 71 is inflated, the mold is closed, the inflatable inner bag 71 is full of air, the rubber bag body 3 is completely attached to the inner wall of the mold, and inflation forming is completed.

After the rubber bag body 3 is cooled, the inflatable inner bag 71, the first forming module and the second forming module are removed. And (4) manufacturing an air spring.

It should be noted that the lower half of fig. 3 is a half sectional view at the stage of replacing the components, and the upper half of fig. 3 is a half sectional view at the stage of inflation molding.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.