阅读说明：本技术 金属薄壁管支撑型微管固体氧化物燃料电池、电池堆结构 (Metal thin-wall tube supporting type micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell and cell stack structure ) 是由 李成新 李甲鸿 康思远 李长久 张山林 于 2020-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种金属薄壁管支撑型微管固体氧化物燃料电池、电池堆结构。其中,金属薄壁管支撑型微管固体氧化物燃料电池结构包括：燃料气体导气管、金属薄壁管、阳极、电解质以及阴极；燃料气体导气管不与金属薄壁管接触,以形成燃料气体通道；金属薄壁管的封闭端与开口端为无孔区域,分别位于金属薄壁管的多孔区域的两端；多孔区域中分布有孔向垂直于所述金属薄壁管的轴线的圆柱形微孔,且圆柱形微孔贯穿金属薄壁管的管壁。通过本发明提供的金属薄壁管支撑型微管固体氧化物燃料电池结构,有效解决了微管固体氧化物燃料电池启动慢、功率密度低、浓差极化大等问题。(The invention provides a metal thin-wall tube supporting type micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell and a cell stack structure. Wherein, the metal thin-walled tube supporting type microtubule solid oxide fuel cell structure comprises: the fuel gas guide tube, the metal thin-wall tube, the anode, the electrolyte and the cathode; the fuel gas guide pipe is not contacted with the metal thin-wall pipe so as to form a fuel gas channel; the closed end and the open end of the metal thin-wall tube are non-porous areas and are respectively positioned at two ends of the porous area of the metal thin-wall tube; cylindrical micropores with the hole direction perpendicular to the axis of the metal thin-wall pipe are distributed in the porous region and penetrate through the pipe wall of the metal thin-wall pipe. The metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure provided by the invention effectively solves the problems of slow start, low power density, large concentration polarization and the like of the micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell.)

1. A metal thin-wall tube supporting type micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure is characterized in that the structure sequentially comprises from inside to outside: the fuel gas guide tube, the metal thin-wall tube, the anode, the electrolyte and the cathode;

the fuel gas guide pipe is arranged in the metal thin-wall pipe and is not contacted with the metal thin-wall pipe to form a fuel gas channel;

the outer surface of the metal thin-wall tube is sequentially covered with an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode from inside to outside;

the metal thin-walled tube comprises a closed end, an open end and a porous region; the closed end and the open end are non-porous areas and are respectively positioned at two ends of the porous area;

and a plurality of cylindrical micropores are distributed in the porous region, the hole direction of each cylindrical micropore is perpendicular to the axis of the metal thin-wall pipe, and the cylindrical micropores penetrate through the pipe wall of the metal thin-wall pipe.

2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the fuel gas airway includes a first open end and a second open end; the first open end is used for introducing fuel gas to the second open end, and the second open end is used for introducing fuel gas to the metal thin-wall tube;

the first opening end and the opening end of the metal thin-wall pipe are located at the same end, and the second opening end and the closed end of the metal thin-wall pipe are located at the same end.

3. The structure of claim 2, wherein the second open end of the fuel gas airway is less than or equal to 10mm from the closed end of the metal thin-walled tube;

the clearance between the fuel gas guide pipe and the metal thin-wall pipe is larger than 1 mm.

4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the metal thin-walled tube ranges from 3mm to 12mm, the length of the metal thin-walled tube ranges from 50mm to 500mm, and the thickness of the tube wall of the metal thin-walled tube ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5 mm.

5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the length of the porous region of the metal thin-walled tube is 50% to 90% of the length of the metal thin-walled tube.

6. The structure of claim 1, wherein the metal thin walled tube is made of a material that is an iron-chromium alloy or an iron-nickel alloy.

7. The structure of claim 1, wherein the anode covers a porous region of the metal thin walled tube;

the electrolyte covers the anode and has an area larger than an area of the anode.

8. The structure of claim 1, wherein the porosity of the porous region of the metal thin walled tube is 5-30%; the diameter of the cylindrical micropores is 10-100 mu m;

the cylindrical micropores are prepared by adopting a laser drilling method.

9. The structure of claim 1, wherein the anode, the electrolyte and the cathode are sequentially coated on the metal thin-wall tube by a sintering or spraying method.

10. A thin-walled metal tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell stack structure is characterized by comprising: two or more than two metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell stack structures as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell and a cell stack structure.

Background

A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a Solid-state power generation device, which has high power generation efficiency, operates without noise and pollution, and directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy without combustion. The solid oxide fuel cell functional layer mainly comprises an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode.

The SOFC structures developed at present mainly include two basic structures, namely, a tubular structure and a plate structure. The metal supported solid oxide fuel cell mainly using a flat plate is required to solve the sealing problem and to increase the starting speed. If the connection is performed by using a mature welding technique, there is a problem of poor sealing performance at high temperatures. The tubular SOFC has the advantages of no need of high-temperature sealing (sealing at a cold end), stable performance, no obvious attenuation in operation for tens of thousands of hours and the like. Due to the excellent sealing performance, the working temperature of the battery can be greatly improved, and higher power output can be obtained.

However, the tubular solid oxide fuel cell has a large volume, so that the current lead-out path is long, the heating is slow, and the starting is slow, which severely restricts the development of the tubular solid oxide fuel cell. For this reason, microtube solid oxide fuel cells have been used to solve the problem of slow start-up on heating. The method is characterized in that a scholars in China prepare a multilayer metal micro-tube as a support body of a micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell in a sintering mode, but the metal micro-tube has a complex structure and is difficult to seal; in addition, the sintered structure of the support body is not favorable for gas diffusion due to the long path strength of the pores, and therefore, the structure does not reduce the problems caused by concentration polarization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a metal thin-wall tube supporting type micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell and a cell stack structure, which are used for solving the problems of slow start, low power density, large concentration polarization and the like of the micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure, which sequentially comprises from inside to outside: the fuel gas guide tube, the metal thin-wall tube, the anode, the electrolyte and the cathode;

the fuel gas guide pipe is arranged in the metal thin-wall pipe and is not contacted with the metal thin-wall pipe to form a fuel gas channel;

the outer surface of the metal thin-wall tube is sequentially covered with an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode from inside to outside;

the metal thin-walled tube comprises a closed end, an open end and a porous region; the closed end and the open end are non-porous areas and are respectively positioned at two ends of the porous area;

and a plurality of cylindrical micropores are distributed in the porous region, the hole direction of each cylindrical micropore is perpendicular to the axis of the metal thin-wall pipe, and the cylindrical micropores penetrate through the pipe wall of the metal thin-wall pipe.

Preferably, the fuel gas conduit comprises a first open end and a second open end; the first open end is used for introducing fuel gas to the second open end, and the second open end is used for introducing fuel gas to the metal thin-wall tube;

the first opening end and the opening end of the metal thin-wall pipe are located at the same end, and the second opening end and the closed end of the metal thin-wall pipe are located at the same end.

Preferably, the distance from the second open end of the fuel gas guide tube to the closed end of the metal thin-wall tube is less than or equal to 10 mm;

the clearance between the fuel gas guide pipe and the metal thin-wall pipe is larger than 1 mm.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the metal thin-wall pipe ranges from 3mm to 12mm, the length of the metal thin-wall pipe ranges from 50mm to 500mm, and the wall thickness of the metal thin-wall pipe ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5 mm.

Preferably, the length of the porous area of the metal thin-wall pipe accounts for 50% -90% of the length of the metal thin-wall pipe.

Preferably, the material for preparing the metal thin-wall pipe is iron-chromium alloy or iron-nickel alloy.

Preferably, the anode covers the porous region of the metal thin-walled tube;

the electrolyte covers the anode and has an area larger than an area of the anode.

Preferably, the porosity of the porous region of the metal thin-walled tube is 5-30%; the diameter of the cylindrical micropores is 10-100 mu m;

the cylindrical micropores are prepared by adopting a laser drilling method.

Preferably, the anode, the electrolyte and the cathode are sequentially covered on the metal thin-wall tube by a sintering or spraying method.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a thin-walled metal tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell stack structure, including: the metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell stack structure of the two or more metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structures described in the first aspect.

The invention provides a metal thin-wall tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell and a cell stack structure, wherein in the structure, an electrolyte can cover the whole anode layer so as to realize self-sealing. In addition, the support body of the metal thin-wall tube support type micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell is a metal thin-wall tube, so that on one hand, the thickness of the support body is reduced, and the concentration polarization can be reduced, on the other hand, the metal thin-wall tube has high heat conduction speed, and can be quickly heated to a corresponding working temperature through gas or environmental heat, so that the starting speed of the micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell is effectively increased; and the fuel gas enters from one end and does not flow out, the cell performance can be adjusted by adjusting the gas pressure on the fuel side. The cell with the structure does not need to adopt additional sealing materials, effectively simplifies the manufacturing process of the cell stack, and is beneficial to the commercial popularization of the solid oxide fuel cell.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a thin-walled metal tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below. The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic cross-sectional view of a metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As shown in fig. 1, 1-1 is a metal thin-wall tube, 1-2 is an anode, 1-3 is an electrolyte, 1-4 is a cathode, 1-5 is a fuel gas channel, and 1-6 is a fuel gas guide tube.

Fig. 2 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a metal thin-walled tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, 2-1 is a metal thin-walled tube, 2-2 is an anode, 2-3 is an electrolyte, 2-4 is a cathode, 2-5 is a fuel gas channel, 2-6 is a fuel gas guide tube, 2-7 is a closed end of the metal thin-walled tube, 2-8 is an open end of the metal thin-walled tube, and 2-9 is a porous region of the metal thin-walled tube.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the thin-walled metal tube supported micro-tube solid oxide fuel cell structure provided by the present invention comprises, from inside to outside: a fuel gas guide tube, a metal thin-wall tube, an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode; as shown in fig. 2, the metal thin walled tube comprises a closed end, an open end, and a porous region; wherein, the closed end and the open end are non-porous areas and are respectively positioned at two ends of the porous area. As can be seen from fig. 2, the fuel gas guide tube is arranged in the metal thin-wall tube and is not in contact with the metal thin-wall tube; the anode covers the porous area of the metal thin-wall tube and can also cover the closed end of the metal thin-wall tube; the electrolyte covers the anode, the area of the electrolyte is larger than that of the anode, the electrolyte is in contact with the open end of the metal thin-wall tube, and the open end is a non-porous area, so that when the electrolyte is in contact with the open end, a sealing effect can be achieved, and the dense electrolyte layer ensures that gas in the porous metal thin-wall tube does not leak along the anode. And, as shown in fig. 2, the electrolyte covers a portion of the open end, and the uncovered area of the thin-walled metal tube has an oxidation-resistant protective film. Furthermore, the cathode current is conducted through a metal sheet in contact with the cathode.