阅读说明：本技术 远志药材的抽心设备及在初加工中防控黄曲霉污染的方法 (Equipment for coring polygala tenuifolia medicinal material and method for preventing and controlling aspergillus flavus pollution in primary processing ) 是由 张福生 张振琳 张璇 秦雪梅 于 2020-04-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种远志药材的抽心设备及在初加工中防控黄曲霉污染的方法。本发明主要解决现有远志药材在初加工中存在的卫生条件较差、污染严重、效率低和易导致黄曲霉毒素含量增加的技术问题。本发明设备的技术方案是：一种远志药材的抽心设备,其由连接块、弹簧、砧板、上刀架、把手、上刀片、下刀片、下刀架和底座组成。该方法的步骤为：1)选取药材并由高压水雾进行清洗；2)烘干；3)烘干后的远志药材采用远志药材的抽心设备抽心；先将烘干后的远志药材放在下刀片上,接着压下上刀片,在上刀片和下刀片作用下,在远志药材表面切出环形小口,从而将远志筒抽出。4)对远志筒二次烘干；5)烘干后的远志筒用复合袋进行包装,贮存在阴凉避光处。(The invention relates to a core drawing device for polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials and a method for preventing and controlling aspergillus flavus pollution in primary processing. The method mainly solves the technical problems of poor sanitary conditions, serious pollution, low efficiency and easy increase of aflatoxin content in the primary processing of the traditional polygala tenuifolia medicinal material. The technical scheme of the equipment is as follows: a core-pulling device for polygala root medicinal materials comprises a connecting block, a spring, a chopping board, an upper knife rest, a handle, an upper blade, a lower knife rest and a base. The method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting medicinal materials and cleaning by high-pressure water mist; 2) drying; 3) the dried polygala root medicinal material is subjected to coring by adopting coring equipment of the polygala root medicinal material; firstly, the dried polygala root medicinal material is placed on a lower blade, then an upper blade is pressed down, and under the action of the upper blade and the lower blade, a small annular opening is cut on the surface of the polygala root medicinal material, so that a polygala root cylinder is extracted. 4) Drying the polygala root cylinder for the second time; 5) packaging the dried polygala tenuifolia cylinders by using a composite bag, and storing the polygala tenuifolia cylinders in a shady and cool place.)

1. The utility model provides a equipment of taking out core of polygala root medicinal material which characterized in that: consists of a connecting block (1), a spring (2), a chopping block (3), an upper knife rest (4), a handle (5), an upper blade (6), a lower blade (7), a lower knife rest (8) and a base (9), the chopping block (3) is arranged on the base (9), the connecting block (1) is arranged at the rear end of the top surface of the chopping block (3), the rear end of the upper knife rest (4) is hinged with the upper end of the connecting block (1), the upper blade (6) is arranged at the front end of the upper knife rest (4), the lower knife rest (8) is arranged at the front end of the top surface of the chopping board (3), the lower blade (7) is arranged on the lower knife rest (8) and corresponds to the upper blade (6), the spring (2) is arranged at the rear part of the top surface of the chopping board (3) and is positioned between the bottom surface of the upper knife rest (4) and the top surface of the chopping board (3), and the handle (5) is vertically arranged at the front end of the top surface of the upper knife rest (4).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the upper blade (6) and the lower blade (7) are C-shaped blades.

3. The method for preventing and controlling aspergillus flavus pollution in primary processing by using coring equipment of polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:

1) selecting polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials with uniform shapes and without yellow and black spots on the surfaces, feeding the selected polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials onto a conveying belt of a high-pressure water mist cleaning device, wherein the thickness of the polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials is not more than 5cm, and cleaning the polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials by high-pressure water mist to remove impurities such as silt on the surfaces; the pressure of the high-pressure water mist is 0.15Pa-0.3Pa, and the water temperature is 10 ℃ to 25 ℃;

2) drying the cleaned polygala tenuifolia in a drying box at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 15-20min, and taking out the polygala tenuifolia when the water content of the polygala tenuifolia reaches 13-16%;

3) the dried polygala root medicinal material is subjected to coring by adopting coring equipment of the polygala root medicinal material;

4) drying the polygala tenuifolia barrel after core drawing in a drying box for the second time at the drying temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the water content is 7 percent;

5) packaging the dried polygala tenuifolia cylinders by using a composite bag, and storing the polygala tenuifolia cylinders in a shady and cool place.

4. The method for preventing and controlling aspergillus flavus contamination in primary processing according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heart-pumping equipment adopting polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials comprises the following specific steps: firstly, the dried polygala root medicinal material is placed on the lower blade (7), then the upper blade (6) is pressed down, and an annular small opening is cut on the surface of the polygala root medicinal material under the simultaneous action of the upper blade (6) and the lower blade (7), so that the polygala root cylinder is extracted.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a core pulling device for polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials and a method for preventing and controlling aspergillus flavus pollution in primary processing, and belongs to the technical field of medicinal material processing devices and medicinal material processing methods.

Background

Polygala tenuifolia (Polygala tenuifolia Willd.), also known as \33917, circula, 34112, 33964c, and the like. Producing northeast, northwest, central and Sichuan; perennial herbs, strong and strong taproots, and phloem flesh. Can be used for treating insomnia, dreaminess, amnesia, pavor, absentmindedness, expectoration, skin and external diseases, swelling and pain of breast, etc. caused by imbalance between heart and kidney.

The processing method of cortex et radix Polygalae comprises performing primary processing in traditional production place, i.e. sun drying the dug cortex et radix Polygalae for 3-4 days by drug grower to evaporate water on the surface; then sweating is carried out, the dried polygala tenuifolia medicinal material is put into a sealed plastic bag and placed in a shady and cool dark environment, so that the water is evaporated, and the sweating is finished when the polygala tenuifolia medicinal material is wound on fingers, cannot be broken and has strong toughness; then, performing core extraction; the traditional core-pulling is manual core-pulling, which is slow and low in efficiency, each person can only produce about 6kg of polygala tenuifolia cylinders every day, and the hands of the person are greatly damaged by long-time work. In addition, the primary processing process of airing, sweating and even the whole polygala tenuifolia medicinal material completely depends on the experience of a drug farmer, and does not have complete scientific standards and scientific bases, so that the technical problems of poor sanitary conditions, serious pollution, low efficiency and easy increase of the aflatoxin content exist in the primary processing of the polygala tenuifolia medicinal material in the production place at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor sanitary conditions, serious pollution, low efficiency and easy increase of aflatoxin content in the primary processing of the traditional polygala tenuifolia medicinal material, and provides equipment for coring the polygala tenuifolia medicinal material and a method for preventing and controlling aflatoxin pollution in the primary processing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a core pulling equipment of polygala root medicinal material, its comprises connecting block, spring, chopping block, top rest, handle, top blade, bottom knife and base, the chopping block dress is on the base, the rear end at the chopping block top surface is established to the connecting block, the rear end of top rest is articulated with the upper end of connecting block, top blade dress is at the front end of top rest, the bottom knife dress is at the front end of chopping block top surface, the bottom knife dress is on the bottom knife and corresponding with top blade, the spring is established at the rear portion of chopping block top surface and is located between top knife bottom surface and the chopping block top surface, the perpendicular front end of installing at top knife top surface of handle.

Further, the upper blade and the lower blade are C-shaped blades.

The method for preventing and controlling aspergillus flavus pollution in primary processing of core drawing equipment of polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials comprises the following specific steps:

1) selecting polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials with uniform shapes and without yellow and black spots on the surfaces, feeding the selected polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials onto a conveying belt of a high-pressure water mist cleaning device, wherein the thickness of the polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials is not more than 5cm, and cleaning the polygala tenuifolia medicinal materials by high-pressure water mist to remove impurities such as silt on the surfaces; the pressure of the high-pressure water mist is 0.15Pa-0.3Pa, and the water temperature is 10 ℃ to 25 ℃;

2) drying the cleaned polygala tenuifolia in a drying box at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 15-20min, and taking out the polygala tenuifolia when the water content of the polygala tenuifolia reaches 13-16%;

3) the dried polygala root medicinal material is subjected to coring by adopting coring equipment of the polygala root medicinal material;

4) drying the polygala tenuifolia barrel after core drawing in a drying box for the second time at the drying temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the water content is 7 percent;

5) packaging the dried polygala tenuifolia cylinders by using a composite bag, and storing the polygala tenuifolia cylinders in a shady and cool place.

Further, the method for performing core extraction by using the core extraction equipment of polygala tenuifolia comprises the following specific steps: firstly, the dried polygala root medicinal material is placed on a lower blade, then an upper blade is pressed down, and under the simultaneous action of the upper blade and the lower blade, a small annular opening is cut on the surface of the polygala root medicinal material, so that a polygala root cylinder is extracted.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention connects the processing flows of cleaning, drying, coring, packaging and the like in seriesTogether, the initial processing time of the polygala root medicinal material in the production place is shortened, the aflatoxin content is maintained in a lower level, even 0, and the quality and the efficacy of polygala root are improved. In order to prove that the method adopted by the invention can greatly reduce the content of aflatoxin, the polygala tenuifolia medicinal material processed by the method and the traditional method is packaged by using a compound bag, and the aflatoxin content in the polygala tenuifolia medicinal material is measured 2, 4, 6 and 8 months after packaging, and the result shows that: the polygala root medicinal materials processed by the equipment and the method meet the standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia, namely aflatoxin G in each 1000G polygala root cylinder₁Aflatoxin G₂Aflatoxins B₁Aflatoxins B₂The total content of the polygala root extract is less than 10 mu g, and simultaneously, the polygala root extract is far less than polygala root medicinal materials processed by the traditional method, and unexpected effects are achieved.

Compared with the background technology, the method has the characteristics of high processing speed, high efficiency, good quality and the like, and most importantly, the method can effectively inhibit the propagation of the aspergillus flavus and reduce the increase of the content of the aflatoxin.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the apparatus for coring of the present invention;

in fig. 1: 1-connecting block, 2-spring, 3-chopping block, 4-upper knife rest, 5-handle, 6-upper blade, 7-lower blade, 8-lower knife rest and 9-base.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.