阅读说明：本技术 一种含炔基阳离子表面活性剂及其制备方法 (Alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant and preparation method thereof ) 是由 蒋梦 于 2020-04-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种含炔基阳离子表面活性剂及其制备方法。其结构新颖的含焓炔基阳离子表面活性剂,该表面活性剂具有原料易得成本低,制备过程方便简洁,易于放大生产等优点。本发明采用的步骤为：在装有二异氰酸酯的反应瓶中滴加丙炔醇反应液进行第一步异氰酸酯封端反应；再向反应液中加入定量的N,N-二甲基乙醇胺反应液进行第二步氨基取代反应；最后在弱碱性条件下,向上述反应物中加入定量的3-氯-2-羟丙基-三甲基氯化铵水溶液进行第三步季铵化反应,所得产物为一种含炔基阳离子表面活性剂,其具体结构式为：<Image he="622" wi="584" file="DDA0002455146350000011.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>其中,R为-CH<Sub>2</Sub>-CH<Sub>2</Sub>-CH<Sub>2</Sub>-CH<Sub>2</Sub>-CH<Sub>2</Sub>-CH<Sub>2</Sub>-,<Image he="82" wi="700" file="DDA0002455146350000012.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>(The invention relates to an alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant and a preparation method thereof. The enthalpy-containing alkynyl cationic surfactant has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low cost, convenient and simple preparation process, easiness in scale-up production and the like. The method comprises the following steps: adding the propargyl alcohol reaction solution dropwise into a reaction bottle filled with diisocyanateFirst, isocyanate blocking reaction; then adding quantitative N, N-dimethylethanolamine reaction liquid into the reaction liquid to carry out a second step of amino substitution reaction; and finally, under the alkalescent condition, adding a quantitative 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into the reactants to carry out a third step of quaternization reaction, wherein the obtained product is an alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant, and the specific structural formula of the surfactant is as follows: wherein R is-CH 2 ‑CH 2 ‑CH 2 ‑CH 2 ‑CH 2 ‑CH 2 ‑，)

1. An alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant characterized by: the specific structural formula is as follows:

wherein R is-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-，

2. The method for producing an alkynyl group-containing cationic surfactant according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

1) dropwise adding a propargyl alcohol reaction solution into diisocyanate to carry out isocyanate end-capping reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the propiolic alcohol to the diisocyanate is 2: 1;

2) then, dropwise adding N, N-dimethylethanolamine into the reaction liquid to carry out amino substitution reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the N, N-dimethylethanolamine to the propiolic alcohol is 1: 1;

3) finally, under the alkalescent condition, adding 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into the reactant obtained in the step 2) to carry out a third step of quaternization reaction, removing insoluble substances after the reaction is finished, concentrating the reaction solution, purifying and separating out the product, and drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain the product, namely the cationic surfactant containing alkynyl; wherein the molar ratio of the 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride to the propiolic alcohol is 1: 1.

3. The method for producing an alkynyl group-containing cationic surfactant according to claim 2, wherein: the step 1) is carried out for 6-9 h at 50-70 ℃;

step 2) reacting for 8-12 h at 60-80 ℃;

and 3) reacting for 4-7 h at 50-80 ℃.

4. The method for producing an alkynyl group-containing cationic surfactant according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the weak base condition in the step 3) is that the pH value is 9-10.

5. The method for producing an alkynyl group-containing cationic surfactant according to claim 4, wherein: the diisocyanate refers to any one of 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4-HDI), 2, 2-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,2-HDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI).

Technical Field

The invention relates to an alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The gemini surfactant has the characteristics which are not possessed by other surfactants due to the special structure of the amphipathy base and the amphipathy base, so that the gemini surfactant is widely applied to the fields of home care, metal treatment, industrial cleaning, oil exploitation and the like, corrosion of a pipeline often brings huge influence on oil field economy in the process of oil and gas transportation, the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant can be used as a corrosion inhibitor to improve the corrosion condition of the pipeline, a cationic group in the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant can be adsorbed to a metal surface with negative electricity through electrostatic action, a compact adsorption film is formed on the metal surface, the hydrophobicity of the surfactant can inhibit water from being adsorbed to metal surface corrosion metal, so that the corrosion behavior of the metal in a chemical medium is reduced, at present, the study on the corrosion inhibition behavior of steel corrosion mainly in an acidic medium by taking the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant as the corrosion inhibitor at home and abroad, the royal army, fur liqueur and the like prepare a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic gemini surfactant, the corrosion inhibitor has good corrosion inhibition and stable property when the use concentration of the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant is higher than 0.1 mmol/L, the environmental awareness and the environmental degradation of the high environmental health of the quaternary ammonium salt is caused by people.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel gemini surfactant with low usage amount, ultrahigh corrosion inhibition efficiency, low toxicity and environmental friendliness.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an alkynyl-containing cationic compound and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant characterized by: the specific structural formula is as follows:

wherein R is-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-，

A method for preparing an alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

1) dropwise adding a propargyl alcohol reaction solution into diisocyanate to carry out isocyanate end-capping reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the propiolic alcohol to the diisocyanate is 2: 1;

2) then, dropwise adding N, N-dimethylethanolamine into the reaction liquid to carry out amino substitution reaction; wherein the molar ratio of the N, N-dimethyl ethanolamine to the propiolic alcohol is 1: 1;

3) finally, under the alkalescent condition, adding 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution into the reactant obtained in the step 2) to carry out quaternary amination reaction in the third step, removing insoluble substances after the reaction is finished, concentrating the reaction solution, purifying and separating out the product, and drying in vacuum to constant weight to obtain the product, namely the cationic surfactant containing alkynyl; wherein the molar ratio of the 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride to the propiolic alcohol is 1: 1.

The step 1) is carried out for 6-9 h at 50-70 ℃;

step 2) reacting for 8-12 h at 60-80 ℃;

and 3) reacting for 4-7 h at 50-80 ℃.

The weak base condition in the step 3) is that the pH value is 9-10.

The diisocyanate refers to any one of 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4-HDI), 2, 2-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,2-HDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the invention provides an enthalpy-containing alkynyl cationic surfactant with a novel structure, which has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, low cost, convenient and simple preparation process, easy amplification production and the like;

2) according to the invention, the quaternary ammonium salt gemini surfactant has a good corrosion inhibition effect, meanwhile, the alkynyl pi electron cloud is easy to deviate to the empty orbit of the metal, the pi bonding orbit is mutually overlapped with the empty orbit of the metal atom, and the adsorption strength with the metal is enhanced, so that the corrosion inhibition effect is enhanced.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The synthesis equation of the alkynyl-containing cationic surfactant is as follows:

wherein R is-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-，