阅读说明：本技术 郁金药渣制备金针菇菌棒的方法及肉鸡饲料 (Method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from curcuma aromatica dregs and broiler feed ) 是由 徐兵 王丽贞 吕新诚 孙飞 卢嘉敏 于 2020-03-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种郁金药渣制备金针菇菌棒的方法,其包括以下步骤：(1)郁金药渣的预处理：将郁金药渣干燥处理；(2)活化菌种：将金针菇斜面接种,放入液体培养基中摇瓶培养；(3)金针菇的生物转换：将液体培养基中的液体菌种放入药渣中,培养满袋后得到菌包；含有金针菇菌棒的肉鸡饲料,包括以下重量份组分：豆粕45-65份,麸皮30-50份,鱼粉2-6份,骨粉2-6份,多维素0.5份,食盐0.2份,菌棒250-400份；本发明饲料能有效调节鸡的消化能力和生长速度,喂养的鸡的生长速度平均比常规饲料喂养的鸡的生长速度高20-40％,而且喂养的鸡的病害率却减少15-20％。(The invention discloses a method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from curcuma aromatica dregs, which comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of curcuma aromatica dregs: drying the curcuma aromatica dregs; (2) activating strains: inoculating the needle mushroom slant, and putting the needle mushroom slant into a liquid culture medium for shake culture; (3) bioconversion of flammulina velutipes: putting liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the medicine residues, and culturing the liquid strains to obtain a fungus bag after the bag is full; the broiler feed containing the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of soybean meal, 30-50 parts of bran, 2-6 parts of fish meal, 2-6 parts of bone meal, 0.5 part of multivitamin, 0.2 part of salt and 400 parts of bacteria stick; the feed can effectively regulate the digestive ability and the growth speed of the chickens, the growth speed of the fed chickens is 20-40% higher than that of the chickens fed by the conventional feed on average, and the disease rate of the fed chickens is reduced by 15-20%.)

1. The method for preparing the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks from the curcuma aromatica dregs is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of curcuma aromatica dregs: drying the curcuma aromatica dregs;

(2) activating strains: inoculating the needle mushroom slant, and putting the needle mushroom slant into a liquid culture medium for shake culture;

(3) bioconversion of flammulina velutipes: and putting liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the medicine residues, bagging for culture, and obtaining the fungus sticks after the bags are fully cultured.

2. The method for preparing the flammulina velutipes mushroom sticks from the curcuma aromatica dregs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the curcuma aromatica dregs are dried by a microwave drying technology, and then the dregs are treated by a pressure difference puffing technology.

3. The method for preparing the flammulina velutipes mushroom sticks from the curcuma aromatica dregs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the liquid strains to the dreg culture medium is 3: 7.

4. The method for preparing the flammulina velutipes mushroom sticks from the curcuma aromatica dregs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mushroom bags are obtained after the bags are filled for 25 days.

5. The broiler feed containing the bacterial stick obtained by the method of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of soybean meal, 30-50 parts of bran, 2-6 parts of fish meal, 2-6 parts of bone meal, 0.5 part of multivitamin, 0.2 part of salt and 400 parts of bacteria stick 250-.

6. The broiler feed of claim 5, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of soybean meal, 30 parts of bran, 2 parts of fish meal, 2 parts of bone meal, 0.5 part of multivitamin, 0.2 part of salt and 250 parts of mushroom sticks.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for preparing flammulina velutipes fungus sticks from curcuma aromatica dregs. The invention also relates to a broiler feed containing the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks.

Background

In recent years, the feed industry in China is rapidly developed (the total yield of the feed industry products in China is 878 ten thousand tons in 2003, and the product is the second in the world and is increased by 5.5 percent compared with the last year), but simultaneously, a plurality of problems are emerged:

1. with the constant emergence of various additives, the feed presents serious problems, such as: 1) the residual additive in the feed exceeds the national standard; 2) the feed additive has more metal residues and is a non-nutritional additive; improper use of antibiotics, etc.

2. China is a country with resource shortage on the whole and the resource destruction speed is high, so the feed resource shortage is a long-term problem.

Chickens are the most common poultry raised by human beings, and excellent varieties are the basis for raising high-quality broilers. The famous local varieties of colored feathers with thin skin, thin bones, plump muscles, delicious meat quality, strong stress resistance and medium and small body sizes are selected and cultured. The feed is an important factor influencing the meat quality, and various nutrient substances contained in the feed must be digested by chickens to be decomposed into simple substances so as to be easily absorbed and used by the metabolism of the chickens. When the chicken eats the feed, the chicken passes through the esophagus, the esophagus and the trachea are deviated to the right side, and the tube wall is thin and wide and is easy to expand. Before the esophagus enters the thorax, a swollen part called crop is formed, which can contract rhythmically and feed is sent to the stomach from the crop to be absorbed.

The chicken has good taste and rich nutrition. The chicken nutrient substances are mostly protein and fat, and the fat contains unsaturated fatty acid, so the chicken nutrient substances are better protein food for the old and patients with cardiovascular diseases, and are more suitable for being eaten as tonic by using chicken or chicken soup after illness or postpartum. The chicken industry in China has been developed for 40 years, poultry stably lives the first major animal protein in the world, and the yield and the dosage of the poultry continuously exceed pork for 4 years. With the arousal of health consciousness of residents and the acceleration of life rhythm, the low-fat and healthy chicken suitable for fast food cooking gradually replaces high-fat and high-cholesterol pork, and the space for replacing the pork by the chicken is increased. Therefore, the chicken has wide market prospect.

China is a big country for utilizing traditional Chinese medicines, the annual discharge amount of traditional Chinese medicine residues in China reaches 3000 million tons at present, enterprises in China generate more than 1000 million tons of traditional Chinese medicine residues every year, the quantity of the traditional Chinese medicine residues brought by the production of Chinese patent medicines is the largest and accounts for about 70% of the total quantity of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, and the traditional Chinese medicine enterprises need to invest a large amount of manpower and material resources every year to carry out harmless treatment on the traditional Chinese medicine residues. Through the analysis of the traditional Chinese medicine enterprise, a certain amount of nutrient components, mainly including crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, iron and magnesium, organic carbon and a small amount of vitamins, are also stored in the waste residues. The radix Curcumae has many sources, and its chemical components are different, and the root tuber of radix Curcumae mainly contains volatile oil (monoterpene such as camphene and camphor and other sesquiterpene components in oil), curcumin, turmerone, starch, fatty oil, etc. The curcuma aromatica dregs contain flavonoids (turmerone), the dregs are utilized to cultivate flammulina velutipes mycelium to prepare feed, and mycelium fermentation products also contain flavonoids. Chicken meat contains a large amount of fatty acids, and flavonoids can reduce cholesterol fatty acid level.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing flammulina velutipes fungus sticks from curcuma aromatica residues, the fungus sticks prepared by the method are used for broiler feed, the problem of resource waste commonly existing in the traditional Chinese medicine industry at present is solved, and meanwhile, the immunity of broiler organisms can be enhanced, the metabolism is regulated, the growth is promoted, and the meat quality is improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the method for preparing the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks by using the curcuma aromatica dregs comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of curcuma aromatica dregs: drying the residue of radix Curcumae. Preferably, the turmeric root tuber dregs are dried by a microwave drying technology, and then the dregs are treated by a differential pressure puffing technology.

The turmeric root tuber dregs are dried by a microwave drying technology, so that the pollution of putrefying bacteria can be effectively prevented; the crushed medicine dregs are treated by a differential pressure puffing technology, so that gaps are generated in the dried medicine dregs, and hypha growth and medicinal components are favorably separated out. The traditional Chinese medicine dregs are generally wet materials, are extremely easy to rot and smelly, are subjected to microwave drying (6000W, single-layer tiling and half an hour of treatment) in the treatment process, are short in time, can effectively control the pollution of putrefying bacteria, but in the drying process, the organizational structure of the dregs is changed, becomes compact and has hardened surfaces, which are not beneficial to the taking of flammulina velutipes hyphae, then the dried dregs are subjected to differential pressure puffing operation, after the dregs enter a puffing cavity, the materials are extruded, rubbed, sheared and the like between screw thread sleeves, the internal pressure of the materials is continuously increased, the maximum pressure is 4MPa, and the temperature is continuously increased, for example, the maximum temperature can reach 140 ℃. The rapid rise of temperature and pressure in a short time (such as 3-7s) causes the change of the tissue structure of the dregs of decoction, and the destruction of coarse fibers. The high-temperature and high-pressure materials are discharged from the discharge port, the pressure of the materials is suddenly released instantly, partial flash evaporation is carried out on moisture, the cooled medicine residues are in a loose and porous structure, needle mushroom hypha can enter the medicine residues along gaps to grow and fully transform the medicine residues, and after the medicine residues are puffed by pressure difference, the residual medicinal components are more easily separated out due to the change of the tissue structure.

(2) Activating strains: inoculating the needle mushroom slant, and placing into a liquid culture medium for shake culture.

(3) Bioconversion of flammulina velutipes: and putting liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the medicine residues, bagging for culture, and obtaining the fungus bags after the bags are fully cultured. Preferably, the mass ratio of the liquid spawn to the dreg culture medium is 3:7, and the fungus stick is obtained 25 days after the bag is full.

The broiler feed containing the fungus sticks obtained by the method comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-65 parts of soybean meal, 30-50 parts of bran, 2-6 parts of fish meal, 2-6 parts of bone meal, 0.5 part of multivitamin, 0.2 part of salt and 400 parts of bacteria stick, and preferably: 45 parts of soybean meal, 30 parts of bran, 2 parts of fish meal, 2 parts of bone meal, 0.5 part of multivitamin, 0.2 part of salt and 250 parts of mushroom sticks.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the broiler feed disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula and low in cost, improves the immunity, increases the content of chicken protein, and has the effects of preventing diseases and promoting growth. The feed can effectively regulate the digestive ability and the growth speed of the chickens, the growth speed of the fed chickens is 20-40% higher than that of the chickens fed by the conventional feed on average, and the disease rate of the fed chickens is reduced by 15-20%.

Detailed Description