阅读说明：本技术 南沙参药渣制备杏鲍菇菌包的方法及肉鸡饲料 (Method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus bags from radix adenophorae dregs and broiler feed ) 是由 徐兵 邱仙虹 周宇杰 孙飞 卢嘉敏 于 2020-03-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了南沙参药渣制备杏鲍菇菌包的方法及肉鸡饲料,菌包的制备方法包括步骤：(1)中药渣预处理；(2)活化菌种；(3)杏鲍菇的生物转换；肉鸡饲料包括以下重量份组分：玉米粉50-65重量份,麦麸3-9重量份,豆粕25-40重量份,石粉1-2重量份,油2-5重量份,食盐0.2-0.5重量份,菌包60-120重量份,磷酸氢钙1重量份；本发明肉鸡饲料利用废弃中药渣制备饲料,成本低廉。同时因饲料经过食用菌的发酵所以饲料的适口性比传统饲料更好；本发明饲料以玉米粉、南沙参药渣为主要原料。南沙参药渣无毒副作用,且其药用成分可增强肉鸡免疫力,提高鸡肉品质。饲料中不含激素及有害添加剂,故食用本饲料的肉鸡人们可放心食用。(The invention discloses a method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus bags from radix adenophorae dregs and a broiler feed, wherein the preparation method of the fungus bags comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating the Chinese medicine residues; (2) activating the strains; (3) performing biotransformation on pleurotus eryngii; the broiler feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of corn flour, 3-9 parts of wheat bran, 25-40 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 2-5 parts of oil, 0.2-0.5 part of salt, 60-120 parts of fungus bag and 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate; the broiler feed disclosed by the invention is prepared from the waste Chinese medicine residues, and is low in cost. Meanwhile, the palatability of the feed is better than that of the traditional feed because the feed is fermented by edible fungi; the feed of the invention takes corn flour and adenophora tetraphylla dregs as main raw materials. The radix Adenophorae dregs have no adverse side effects, and the medicinal components can enhance immunity of broiler chicken and improve chicken quality. The feed does not contain hormone and harmful additives, so that the broiler chicken eating the feed can eat the feed at ease.)

1. The method for preparing the pleurotus eryngii fungus bag by using the radix adenophorae dregs is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) pretreatment of traditional Chinese medicine residues: drying the radix adenophorae dregs, drying the dregs until the water content is 15-20 wt%, and crushing to obtain powder with the granularity of 2.5-8 meshes;

(2) activating strains: inoculating the pleurotus eryngii slant, and putting the pleurotus eryngii slant into a liquid culture medium for shake-flask culture;

(3) biotransformation of pleurotus eryngii: and putting the liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the medicine residues, bagging, then placing in a dark environment for culturing, and obtaining the fungus bag after the bag is full.

2. The method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus sacks from adenophora tetraphylla dregs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the adenophora tetraphylla dregs are dried by a microwave drying technology, and then the crushed dregs are treated by a differential pressure puffing technology.

3. The method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus bags from adenophora tetraphylla dregs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of liquid strains to the dregs is 3: 7.

4. The method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus sacks from adenophora tetraphylla dregs according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the fungus sacks are obtained 25 days after the bag is full.

5. The broiler feed containing the fungus bags obtained by the method of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of corn flour, 3-9 parts of wheat bran, 25-40 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 2-5 parts of oil, 0.2-0.5 part of salt, 60-120 parts of fungus bag and 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.

6. The broiler feed of claim 5, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn, 3 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of stone powder, 2 parts of oil, 0.2 part of salt, 60 parts of fungus bag and 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus bags from radix adenophorae dregs, which is to prepare the pleurotus eryngii fungus bags from the radix adenophorae dregs. The invention also relates to a broiler feed containing the pleurotus eryngii fungus bags.

Background

In recent years, the increase of domestic economy and the increase of the consumption level of residents stimulate the increase of the medical consumption demand of traditional Chinese medicines. The market scale of Chinese traditional medicine materials is also enlarged year by year (1018 Yi Yuan in 2017, nearly 1246 Yi Yuan in 2018 and 1708 Yi Yuan in 2022), and the waste amount of the traditional Chinese medicine residues is increased. However, currently, enterprises mostly adopt simple treatment methods such as stacking, burying or burning for the dregs of a decoction, which not only causes resource waste to a certain extent, but also aggravates environmental pollution.

The traditional Chinese medicine residues contain a certain amount of bioactive components, and also contain a large amount of various nutrient substances such as crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude polysaccharide, amino acid, vitamins, trace elements and the like, so that the traditional Chinese medicine residues still have high nutritional and medicinal values, and the pleurotus eryngii is an edible fungus with high capability of decomposing lignin and cellulose. Therefore, the pleurotus eryngii can be made into animal feed with better palatability through fermentation.

Radix Adenophorae is root of Adenophorae radix of Campanulaceae, or Adenophorae radix of Prunus or other plants of the same genus. Has the effects of nourishing yin, clearing away lung-heat, benefiting stomach, promoting the production of body fluid, reducing phlegm and tonifying qi. It is commonly indicated for dry cough due to lung heat, cough due to yin deficiency, dry cough with sticky phlegm, stomach yin deficiency, poor appetite, vomiting, qi yin deficiency, dysphoria with smothery sensation and dry mouth.

The chicken contains vitamin C, E, has high protein content, multiple types and high digestibility, is easily absorbed and utilized by human body, has the effects of enhancing physical strength and strengthening body, contains phospholipids which have important effect on human body growth and development, and is one of important sources of fat and phospholipids in Chinese dietary structure. According to the traditional Chinese medicine, the chicken has the effects of warming the middle-jiao and tonifying qi, tonifying deficiency and replenishing essence, strengthening the spleen and stomach, activating blood and vessels and strengthening muscles and bones. Meanwhile, the sale amount of chicken in China is steadily increasing in recent years (the consumption amount of chicken in China is increased from 1177.30 ten thousand tons in 2007 to 1205.00 ten thousand tons in 2017).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing pleurotus eryngii fungus bags from adenophora tetraphylla dregs, and the fungus bags prepared by the method are used for broiler feed, so that the problem of resource waste commonly existing in the traditional Chinese medicine industry at present is solved, and meanwhile, the immunity of broiler organisms can be enhanced, the metabolism can be regulated, the growth can be promoted, and the meat quality can be improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the method for preparing the pleurotus eryngii fungus bag by using the radix adenophorae dregs comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of traditional Chinese medicine residues: drying the radix adenophorae dregs by using a microwave drying technology, drying the dregs until the water content is 15-20 wt%, and crushing to obtain powder with the granularity of 2.5-8 meshes; and (3) processing the crushed medicine dregs by using a differential pressure puffing technology.

The radix adenophorae dregs are dried by a microwave drying technology, so that the spoilage bacteria pollution can be effectively prevented; the crushed medicine dregs are treated by a differential pressure puffing technology, so that gaps are generated in the dried medicine dregs, and hypha growth and medicinal components are favorably separated out. The traditional Chinese medicine dregs are generally wet materials, are extremely easy to decay and smelly and different in taste, are subjected to microwave drying (6000W, single-layer tiling and half an hour of treatment) in the treatment process, are short in time and can effectively control the pollution of putrefying bacteria, but in the drying process, the organizational structure of the dregs is changed, becomes compact and has hardened surfaces, so that the eating of pleurotus eryngii hyphae is not facilitated, then the dried dregs are subjected to differential pressure puffing operation, after the dregs enter a puffing cavity, the materials are subjected to extrusion, friction, shearing and the like between screw thread sleeves, the internal pressure of the materials is continuously increased to 4MPa at most, and the temperature is continuously increased to 140 ℃ at most. The rapid rise of temperature and pressure in a short time (such as 3-7s) causes the change of the tissue structure of the dregs of decoction, and the destruction of coarse fibers. High temperature high pressure material comes out from the discharge gate, and its pressure releases suddenly in the twinkling of an eye, and partial flash distillation takes place for moisture, and the dregs of a decoction are loose porous structure after the cooling, and apricot bao mushroom hypha can get into dregs of a decoction inside growth along the space, fully converts the dregs of a decoction, and the dregs of a decoction is popped through the pressure differential in addition, because organizational structure changes for remaining medicinal component is changeed and is appeared.

(2) Activating strains: inoculating Pleurotus eryngii slant, and shake-culturing in liquid culture medium.

(3) Biotransformation of pleurotus eryngii: putting liquid strains in a liquid culture medium into the medicine residues, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid strains to the medicine residues is 3:7, carrying out material-mixing type inoculation on the pleurotus eryngii liquid strains according to the mass ratio of 30%, wherein the inoculation amount with a high proportion can inhibit the growth of mixed bacteria, bagging, then culturing in a dark environment at 25 ℃, and obtaining a fungus bag after the bag is filled for 25 days.

The broiler feed containing the fungus bags obtained by the method comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of corn flour, 3-9 parts of wheat bran, 25-40 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of stone powder, 2-5 parts of oil, 0.2-0.5 part of salt, 60-120 parts of fungus bag and 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate. Preferably: 50 parts of corn, 3 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of stone powder, 2 parts of oil, 0.2 part of salt and 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.

Wherein, the fungus bags obtained by the method are dried and then granulated. Mixing corn flour, wheat bran, bean pulp, stone powder, oil, salt and calcium hydrogen phosphate, adding water, steaming with slow fire for 30-40 min to obtain a mixture, drying, granulating, and mixing with the fungus bag.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the broiler feed disclosed by the invention is prepared from the waste Chinese medicine residues, and is low in cost. Meanwhile, the palatability of the feed is better than that of the traditional feed because the feed is fermented by the edible fungi.

(2) The feed of the invention takes corn flour and adenophora tetraphylla dregs as main raw materials. The radix Adenophorae dregs have no adverse side effects, and the medicinal components can enhance immunity of broiler chicken and improve chicken quality. The feed does not contain hormone and harmful additives, so that the broiler chicken eating the feed can eat the feed at ease.

Detailed Description