阅读说明：本技术 浙贝母中药渣制备金针菇菌棒的方法及肉羊饲料 (Method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues and mutton sheep feed ) 是由 徐兵 王笑梅 吕新诚 孙飞 卢嘉敏 于 2020-03-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了浙贝母中药渣制备金针菇菌棒的方法及肉羊饲料,制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)浙贝母中药渣的预处理：将浙贝母中药渣干燥处理；(2)活化菌种：将金针菇斜面接种,放入液体培养基中摇瓶培养；(3)金针菇的生物转换：将液体培养基中的液体菌种放入浙贝母药渣中,待满袋后获得金针菇菌棒；肉羊饲料包括以下重量份组份：棉籽粕100-140份,麸皮50-90份,磷酸氢钙5-12份,食盐0.2-0.6份,金针菇菌棒550-780份；本发明羊饲料配方合理,成本低廉,营养成分全面,无添加剂,利用本发明可调节羊的消化吸收,增强免疫力,增加羊蛋白质含量,同时还具有预防疾病的作用,能有效调节羊的消化能力和生长速度。(The invention discloses a method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from traditional Chinese medicine residues of thunberg fritillary bulb and a mutton sheep feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating traditional Chinese medicine residues of thunberg fritillary bulb: drying residue of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii; (2) activating strains: inoculating the needle mushroom slant, and putting the needle mushroom slant into a liquid culture medium for shake culture; (3) bioconversion of flammulina velutipes: putting liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the fritillaria thunbergii decoction dregs, and obtaining needle mushroom sticks after the bags are full; the mutton sheep feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of cottonseed meal, 50-90 parts of bran, 5-12 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2-0.6 part of salt and 550 parts of flammulina velutipes fungus stick; the sheep feed disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula, low in cost, comprehensive in nutritional ingredients and free of additives, and can be used for adjusting digestion and absorption of sheep, enhancing immunity, increasing the content of sheep protein, preventing diseases and effectively adjusting the digestion capacity and growth speed of sheep.)

1. The method for preparing the flammulina velutipes mushroom sticks from the traditional Chinese medicine residues of the thunberg fritillary bulb is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pretreating traditional Chinese medicine residues of thunberg fritillary bulb: drying residue of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii;

(2) activating strains: inoculating the needle mushroom slant, and putting the needle mushroom slant into a liquid culture medium for shake culture;

(3) bioconversion of flammulina velutipes: putting liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the fritillaria thunbergii dregs, bagging and culturing, and obtaining the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks after the bags are full.

2. The method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the drying treatment is microwave drying.

3. The method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: microwave drying Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii residue at 6000W for 30 min.

4. The method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pretreatment also comprises differential pressure puffing treatment after drying treatment.

5. The method for preparing needle mushroom sticks from thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (3), the mass ratio of the liquid strains to the fritillaria thunbergii dregs is 3:7, and the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks are obtained after the bags are filled for 30 days.

6. Mutton sheep feed containing flammulina velutipes mushroom sticks obtained by the method for preparing the flammulina velutipes mushroom sticks from the thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of cottonseed meal, 50-90 parts of bran, 5-12 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2-0.6 part of salt and 550 parts of flammulina velutipes fungus stick.

7. The mutton sheep feed as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of cottonseed meal, 50 parts of bran, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of salt and 600 parts of needle mushroom sticks.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for preparing a needle mushroom fungus stick from traditional Chinese medicine residues of thunberg fritillary bulb. The invention also relates to a mutton sheep feed containing the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks.

Background

The feed industry in China develops rapidly, but in recent years, the livestock feed industry develops more and more severely, and mainly comes from the following reasons:

1. raw material prices, especially energy feeds and protein feeds, vary in price and quality.

2. The feed industry is an industry for changing waste into valuable, but most people do not pay attention to the point, and the feed industry has two aspects: 1) the self resources of China are not fully utilized (such as: by-products of products such as grains, pharmaceuticals, etc.). 2) Relying too much on foreign resources.

3. The trade friction of China and America also has important influence on the livestock feed industry of China.

Sheep are mammals, ruminants. Rumination, commonly known as inverted chewing, refers to the process of feeding food to an animal, which after a period of time, returns the partially digested food from the stomach to the mouth for another chew. The mutton sheep are one of livestock which are most suitable for the external environment, and have the advantages of wide feeding range, coarse feeding resistance and strong stress resistance. The method for raising the mutton sheep has the advantages of less investment, quick turnover, stable benefit and high return rate. The sheep are animal food which is most closely related to the life of the ancient people, the sheep have deep historical sources along with the Chinese nation's culture development and influence the generation and development of Chinese characters, diet, morality, etiquette, aesthetics and other cultures.

Mutton is rich in nutrients, and is rich in high-quality protein 12.3% and fat 28.8%, which is half of pork. In addition, the nutrient contains mineral substances such as phosphorus and iron, vitamin B, vitamin A and the like. The whole body of sheep is treasure, and its fur can be made into various woollen fabrics and leather products. In the aspect of medical care, the sheep can play the unique role. Mutton, sheep blood, sheep bone, sheep liver, sheep milk, sheep gallbladder and the like can be used for treating various diseases and have higher medicinal value.

Traditional Chinese medicine is an important component of traditional medicine in China and is also one of the cultural magnifications of Chinese nations. Zhejiang fritillaria has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy, is widely applied and has quite good curative effect. The Ningbo is mainly produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan and other provinces at present, so that the Ningbo yield is the largest. The thunberg fritillary bulb is similar to modern traditional Chinese medicine pharmacological action research, and has the main effects of resisting ulcer, relieving pain, relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, improving lung function, resisting inflammation, resisting oxidation, proliferating cells, reversing drug resistance and the like. According to research, the Chinese medicine residue of thunberg fritillary contains effective components such as alkaloid, polysaccharide, total saponin and the like. With the wide application of thunberg fritillary bulb, the yield of the decoction dregs is increased year by year, but people neglect the utilization value of the decoction dregs, thus not only causing resource waste, but also causing environmental pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing needle mushroom fungus sticks by utilizing traditional Chinese medicine residues in thunberg fritillary bulb, and the needle mushroom fungus sticks prepared by the method are used as raw materials of mutton sheep feed.

In order to solve the technical problem, the method for preparing the needle mushroom sticks from the thunberg fritillary bulb traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreating traditional Chinese medicine residues of thunberg fritillary bulb: drying residue of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii. The drying treatment is microwave drying, preferably microwave drying Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii residue at 6000W for 30 min. The pretreatment also comprises differential pressure puffing treatment after drying treatment.

The traditional Chinese medicine residues of the thunberg fritillary bulb are dried by a microwave drying technology, so that the pollution of putrefying bacteria can be effectively prevented; the crushed medicine dregs are treated by a differential pressure puffing technology, so that gaps are generated in the dried medicine dregs, and hypha growth and medicinal components are favorably separated out. The traditional Chinese medicine dregs are generally wet materials, are extremely easy to rot and smelly, are subjected to microwave drying (6000W, single-layer tiling and half an hour of treatment) in the treatment process, are short in time, can effectively control the pollution of putrefying bacteria, but in the drying process, the organizational structure of the dregs is changed, becomes compact and has hardened surfaces, which are not beneficial to the taking of flammulina velutipes hyphae, then the dried dregs are subjected to differential pressure puffing operation, after the dregs enter a puffing cavity, the materials are extruded, rubbed, sheared and the like between screw thread sleeves, the internal pressure of the materials is continuously increased, the maximum pressure is 4MPa, and the temperature is continuously increased, for example, the maximum temperature can reach 140 ℃. The rapid rise of temperature and pressure in a short time (such as 3-7s) causes the change of the tissue structure of the dregs of decoction, and the destruction of coarse fibers. The high-temperature and high-pressure materials are discharged from the discharge port, the pressure of the materials is suddenly released instantly, partial flash evaporation is carried out on moisture, the cooled medicine residues are in a loose and porous structure, needle mushroom hypha can enter the medicine residues along gaps to grow and fully transform the medicine residues, and after the medicine residues are puffed by pressure difference, the residual medicinal components are more easily separated out due to the change of the tissue structure.

(2) Activating strains: inoculating the needle mushroom slant, and placing into a liquid culture medium for shake culture. The strain of the needle mushroom is GIM5.182 needle mushroom (the GIM number of the Guangdong province microorganism strain preservation center is GIM5.182, and the strain name is the strain of the needle mushroom).

(3) Bioconversion of flammulina velutipes: putting liquid strains in the liquid culture medium into the fritillaria thunbergii dregs, bagging and culturing, and obtaining the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks after the bags are full. Specifically, the mass ratio of the liquid strain to the residue of the thunberg fritillary bulb is 3:7, and the needle mushroom sticks are obtained after the bags are filled for 30 days. The main components of the fritillaria thunbergii decoction dregs are cellulose, lignin, polysaccharide, protein and a large amount of nutrient elements, through material mixing type inoculation with a mass ratio of 30% of flammulina velutipes liquid strains, hypha can grow over a culture material in 2 days, the inoculation amount with a high proportion can inhibit the growth of mixed fungi, fructose after the polysaccharide is decomposed by edible fungi secreting enzyme can secrete cellulose degrading enzyme after being used up, the cellulose is degraded and converted into required nutrient substances, the hypha is propagated in a large amount, the content of crude protein in the culture material is measured from 5 days, until the fruiting is carried out in 25 days, the hypha is the most, the content of the crude protein is higher, the content of the crude protein in the culture material can reach 11.6%, the content of the crude protein in the feed is closer to 13.6%, and other nutrient components such as cotton seed meal and the like are added to prepare the sheep feed.

The mutton feed containing the flammulina velutipes fungus sticks obtained by the method comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of cottonseed meal, 50-90 parts of bran, 5-12 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2-0.6 part of salt and 550 parts of flammulina velutipes fungus stick. Preferably, 100 parts of cottonseed meal, 50 parts of bran, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of salt and 600 parts of needle mushroom sticks.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sheep feed has the advantages of reasonable formula, low cost, comprehensive nutritional ingredients and no additive, and can be used for adjusting digestion and absorption of sheep, enhancing immunity, increasing the content of sheep protein and preventing diseases. The feed can effectively regulate the digestion capacity and the growth speed of the sheep, the growth speed of the fed sheep is 8-30% higher than that of the sheep fed by the conventional feed on average, and the disease rate of the fed sheep is reduced by 10-15%.

Detailed Description