阅读说明：本技术 涤纶面料练染一浴染整工艺 (Polyester fabric scouring-dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process ) 是由 徐叶根 魏吉刚 潘继良 于 2019-01-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：涤纶面料练染一浴染整工艺,包括精练染色一浴工艺：室温,按浴比1:8,将涤纶面料投入含染液染缸中,升温至125～135℃,保温染色30～45min,降温、排废液、水洗；所述的染液,含2g/L除油剂、2g/L高温匀染剂、0.7g/L冰醋酸,染料用量为1～5％owf；还原清洗：按浴比1:8,染色后的涤纶面料于2g/L保险粉、2g/L氢氧化钠的水中,85℃还原清洗10min,排液、清水洗；柔软后整理：将还原清洗后的涤纶面料浸于含40g/L硅油乳液的整理液中,两浸两轧,于210℃烘干。本发明涤纶面料练染一浴染整工艺,将前处理和染色工序合并,在染色时一并去油,则可缩短染整加工流程,实现染整加工的节能减排。(The one-bath dyeing and finishing process for the polyester fabric comprises a scouring dyeing one-bath process, wherein the polyester fabric is put into a dye vat containing dye liquor at room temperature according to a bath ratio of 1:8, the temperature is raised to 125-135 ℃, the temperature is kept for dyeing for 30-45 min, the temperature is reduced, waste liquid is discharged, and the polyester fabric is washed by water, wherein the dye liquor contains 2 g/L oil removing agent, 2 g/L high-temperature leveling agent, 0.7 g/L glacial acetic acid, the dye dosage is 1-5% owf, the polyester fabric is subjected to reduction cleaning according to the bath ratio of 1:8, the dyed polyester fabric is subjected to reduction cleaning for 10min at 85 ℃ in water containing 2 g/L sodium hydrosulfite and 2 g/L sodium hydroxide, the liquid and the water are discharged and washed, the softening finishing is carried out, the reduced and cleaned polyester fabric is soaked in a finishing liquid containing 40 g/L silicone oil emulsion, the polyester fabric is subjected to two-soaking and two-rolling, and the drying is carried out at 210 ℃.)

1. The polyester fabric scouring and dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process comprises the following process flows: scouring dyeing one-bath process → reduction cleaning → soft after-finishing

The scouring and dyeing one-bath process comprises the steps of putting the polyester fabric into a dye vat containing dye liquor at room temperature according to a bath ratio of 1:8, heating to 125-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation dyeing for 30-45 min, cooling, discharging waste liquid and washing with water, wherein the dye liquor contains 2 g/L degreaser, 2 g/L high-temperature leveling agent and 0.7 g/L glacial acetic acid, and the dye dosage is 1-5% owf;

reduction cleaning, namely putting the dyed terylene fabric into a water bath containing 2 g/L sodium hydrosulfite and 2 g/L sodium hydroxide according to the bath ratio of 1:8, carrying out reduction cleaning for 10min at 85 ℃, discharging liquid and washing with clear water;

softening after-finishing, namely soaking the reduced and cleaned polyester fabric in finishing liquid containing 40 g/L silicone oil emulsion, soaking for two times and rolling for two times, and drying at 210 ℃;

the oil removing agent consists of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate (FMES), diethylene glycol dimaleate octanol diester sodium sulfonate and secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, and the mass ratio of the components is 1:3: 1; diethylene glycol dimaleate octanol diester sodium sulfonate is shown as formula 1;

the preparation method of the silicone oil emulsion comprises the following steps: 40 parts of D₄5 parts of silane coupling agent KH-570, 120 parts of water and 9 parts of non-ionic emulsifier are stirred to form pre-emulsion, 130 parts of water and 4 parts of cationic emulsifier are added into a three-neck flask, stirred and heated to 80 ℃, and 0.1m L25% Me is added₄NOH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide), adding the pre-emulsion into a reactor within 3h, keeping the temperature for reacting for 4h, cooling to room temperature, and neutralizing with glacial acetic acid; and simultaneously dripping 10 parts of water, 0.2 part of sodium persulfate and 12 parts of polymerizable quaternary ammonium salt silane coupling agent shown as the formula 2, and then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours to obtain the cationic silicone oil emulsion.

2. The polyester fabric scouring and dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the nonionic emulsifier is composed of AEO-9 and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether according to the mass ratio of 1:1.

3. The polyester fabric scouring and dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the cationic emulsifier is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dyeing and finishing process of a polyester fabric, in particular to a scouring, dyeing and finishing process of the polyester fabric, belonging to the field of textile dyeing and finishing processing.

Background

Polyester fibers are increasingly used for their good strength, moderate stiffness, and good dyeability. The terylene fabric does not contain natural impurities, and only contains impurities such as spinning oil, sizing agent and the like, and polluted oil stains, dust and the like, so the refining of the terylene fabric is to remove the spinning oil and other impurities on the fabric. The refining process is simple, but consumes energy, time and water. If the pretreatment and the dyeing process are combined and oil is removed during dyeing, the dyeing and finishing process flow can be shortened, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of the dyeing and finishing process are realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a scouring, dyeing and finishing process for polyester fabric, which combines pretreatment and dyeing procedures, shortens dyeing and finishing process flow, and saves energy and reduces emission.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

The polyester fabric scouring and dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process comprises the following process flows: scouring dyeing one-bath process → reduction cleaning → soft after-finishing

The scouring and dyeing one-bath process comprises the steps of putting the polyester fabric into a dye vat containing dye liquor at room temperature according to a bath ratio of 1:8, heating to 125-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation dyeing for 30-45 min, cooling, discharging waste liquid and washing with water, wherein the dye liquor contains 2 g/L degreaser, 2 g/L high-temperature leveling agent and 0.7 g/L glacial acetic acid, and the dye dosage is 1-5% owf;

reduction cleaning, namely putting the dyed terylene fabric into a water bath containing 2 g/L sodium hydrosulfite and 2 g/L sodium hydroxide according to the bath ratio of 1:8, carrying out reduction cleaning for 10min at 85 ℃, discharging liquid and washing with clear water;

softening after-finishing, namely soaking the reduced and cleaned polyester fabric in finishing liquid containing 40 g/L silicone oil emulsion, soaking for two times and rolling for two times, and drying at 210 ℃;

the oil removing agent consists of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate (FMES), diethylene glycol dimaleate octanol diester sodium sulfonate and secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, and the mass ratio of the components is 1:3: 1; diethylene glycol dimaleate octanol diester sodium sulfonate is shown as formula 1;

the preparation method of the silicone oil emulsion comprises the following steps: 40 parts of D₄5 parts of silane coupling agent KH-570, 120 parts of water and 9 parts of non-ionic emulsifier are stirred to form pre-emulsion, 130 parts of water and 4 parts of cationic emulsifier are added into a three-neck flask, stirred and heated to 80 ℃, and 0.1m L25% Me is added₄NOH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide), adding the pre-emulsion into a reactor within 3h, keeping the temperature for reacting for 4h, cooling to room temperature, and neutralizing with glacial acetic acid; and simultaneously dripping 10 parts of water, 0.2 part of sodium persulfate and 12 parts of polymerizable quaternary ammonium salt silane coupling agent shown as the formula 2, and then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours to obtain the cationic silicone oil emulsion.

The nonionic emulsifier is composed of AEO-9 and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether according to the mass ratio of 1:1.

The cationic emulsifier is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

According to the scouring and dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process for the polyester fabric, the pretreatment and dyeing processes are combined, and oil is removed during dyeing, so that the dyeing and finishing process flow can be shortened, and energy conservation and emission reduction of dyeing and finishing processing are realized.

The organosilicon macromolecular chain in the cation silicone oil emulsion contains quaternary ammonium salt cation, -Si (OCH)₃) And a crosslinked reticular organic silicon polymer is formed on the surface of the polyester fabric at high temperature, so that the adhesion strength and durability of the silicone oil on the surface of the fabric are enhanced, the bulkiness and softness of the fabric can be improved by the quaternary ammonium salt cation, and the cation also has certain hydrophilicity, so that the hydrophilicity of the polyester fabric can be improved.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a polyester fabric scouring-dyeing one-bath dyeing and finishing process, which comprises the following process flows of: scouring and dyeing one-bath process → reduction cleaning → soft after-finishing.

In the weaving process of the polyester fabric, a large amount of spinning oil is needed to reduce the friction between polyester fibers and between the fibers and a machine and increase the smoothness, but the oil can influence the dyeing performance of the fabric in subsequent dyeing and finishing processing.

The polyester fabric is refined, which is substantially oil removing agent, namely the physical and chemical actions on the surface of the oil removing agent are utilized to weaken the adhesive force between oil stains and the fiber surface, the oil stains and the fiber surface are separated under the action of mechanical force, the separated oil stains and a surfactant form stable oil-in-water emulsion which is uniformly dispersed in a washing liquid, and finally the oil stains and the surfactant are washed and removed.

Generally, the pretreatment of the polyester fabric adopts alkaline bath, under the action of alkali and a scouring agent, oil stains are removed, and the alkaline condition is favorable for improving the decontamination effect. However, the dyeing of the disperse dye usually adopts an acid bath, so that the pretreatment and dyeing of the polyester fabric can be carried out in two steps of two baths.

Most of the assistants used for refining treatment of the terylene alkaline bath are nonionic surfactants containing polyoxyalkylene ether structures, and the performance of the pretreatment agent compounded by the substances in high-temperature acidity, such as dispersion, emulsification, cleaning and the like, is insufficient.

In order to realize the pretreatment (scouring) and dyeing one-bath process of the polyester fabric, the invention prepares the oil removing agent suitable for the process, wherein the oil removing agent consists of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate sulfonate (FMES), diethylene glycol dimaleate octanol diester sodium sulfonate and secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, and the mass ratio of the components is 1:3: 1.

The preparation method of the diethylene glycol dimaleate octanol diester sodium sulfonate comprises the following steps:

(1) diethylene glycol bismaleic acid monoester: adding diethylene glycol, maleic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate accounting for 0.8 percent of the total mass fraction of reactants into a reactor containing a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser according to the molar ratio of 1:2.1, stirring and heating to 85 ℃ within 20min, reacting for 2.5h, and recrystallizing and refining a product by using acetone to obtain diethylene glycol dimaleate monoester; the reaction process is shown in an equation (1);

(2) bis-octanol maleic acid diester: adding n-octanol and diethylene glycol dimaleate monoester and p-toluenesulfonic acid accounting for 0.6 percent of the total mass of reactants into a reactor with a condenser, a stirring rod, a thermometer and a water separator according to the molar ratio of 2.1:1, heating the p-toluenesulfonic acid to 130 ℃, reacting for 5 hours in a timing manner, washing and purifying a product by using methanol to obtain the dioctyldimaleate maleate; the reaction process is shown in an equation (2);

(3) and (3) sulfonation reaction: in a reactor containing a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, 35% by mass of NaHSO was added₃Reacting the aqueous solution with octanol maleic diester, wherein n (sodium bisulfite) n (diester) is 2.4:1 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, sampling at fixed time, measuring sulfonation rate, extracting the product by n-butanol, distilling the solvent, washing and purifying by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain diethylene glycol bis maleic octanol diester sodium sulfonate, and the reaction process is shown as an equation (3).

The scouring and dyeing one-bath process comprises the steps of putting the polyester fabric into a dye vat containing dye liquor at room temperature according to a bath ratio of 1:8, heating to 125-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation dyeing for 30-45 min, cooling, discharging waste liquid and washing with water, wherein the dye liquor contains 2 g/L oil removing agent, 2 g/L high-temperature leveling agent and 0.7 g/L glacial acetic acid, the dye consumption is 1-5% owf.

After dyeing, unfixed dye exists on the surface of the fabric and needs to be reduced, cleaned and removed, so that the color fastness of the dyed fabric, such as friction, washing and the like, is ensured.

And (3) reduction cleaning, namely putting the dyed terylene fabric into a water bath containing 2 g/L sodium hydrosulfite and 2 g/L sodium hydroxide according to the bath ratio of 1:8, carrying out reduction cleaning for 10min at 85 ℃, discharging liquid and cleaning with water.

The terylene fabric is dyed at high temperature and reduced and cleaned at the relaxed state, the flatness of the fabric surface is poor, the width of the fabric is different, the fabric needs to be subjected to high-temperature tentering and shaping, and in addition, a corresponding functional finishing agent is required to be added for improving the hand feeling.

Softening after-finishing, namely soaking the reduced and cleaned polyester fabric in finishing liquid containing 40 g/L silicone oil emulsion, soaking for two times and rolling for two times, and drying at 210 ℃;

the preparation method of the silicone oil emulsion comprises the following steps: will 40Portion D₄5 parts of silane coupling agent KH-570, 120 parts of water, 6 parts of AEO-9 and 3 parts of isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether nonionic emulsifier are stirred to form a pre-emulsion, 130 parts of water and 4 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide are added into a three-neck flask, stirred and heated to 80 ℃, and 0.1m L25% of Me is added₄NOH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide), adding the pre-emulsion into a reactor within 3h, keeping the temperature for reacting for 4h, cooling to room temperature, and neutralizing with glacial acetic acid; and simultaneously dripping 10 parts of water, 0.2 part of sodium persulfate and 12 parts of polymerizable quaternary ammonium salt silane coupling agent, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2 hours to obtain the cationic silicone oil emulsion.

The preparation method of the polymerizable quaternary ammonium salt silane coupling agent comprises the following steps: a. under the protection of nitrogen, 3-isocyanate propyl trimethoxy silane and propane diamine are added into a reactor according to the mol ratio of 1.02:1, dibutyltin dilaurate accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the 3-isocyanate propyl trimethoxy silane is added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted for 5 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain a compound A; b. and b, under the protection of nitrogen, adding the compound A obtained in the step a and allyl chloride into a reactor according to the molar ratio of 1:1.1, heating in a constant-temperature water bath, reacting for 5 hours at 55 ℃, condensing and refluxing in the reaction process, and performing rotary evaporation on a crude product after the reaction is finished to remove excessive allyl chloride to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt silane coupling agent. The reaction process is shown in the reaction equations (4) and (5).