阅读说明：本技术 一种新型机床底座加工工艺及工装 (Novel machine tool base machining process and tool ) 是由 卢孔宝 于 2020-03-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种新型机床底座加工工艺及工装,属于机床底座加工工艺及工装技术领域。本发明克服了现有铣削加工刀具外伸较长刚性较差,很容易产生让刀和振纹的问题。本发明将机床底座的安装板侧面加工以及安装孔的铰孔工艺转移至车床上进行加工,车床主轴上安装定制盘铣刀,从而可以对安装板的所有侧面进行同时加工,从而确保两安装板之间的间距公差、平行度的精度,是现有铣床上分开多次加工步骤所无法达到的精度和效率。在车床尾座上设置铰刀机构可以对两个安装板的安装孔进行统一铰孔,也保证了安装孔的同轴度,从而大大提高机床底座的加工精度。(The invention discloses a novel machine tool base machining process and tool, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool base machining processes and tools. The invention overcomes the problems that the existing milling cutter has longer extension and poorer rigidity and is easy to generate cutter back-off and vibration lines. The invention transfers the processes of machining the side surfaces of the mounting plates of the machine tool base and reaming the mounting holes to the lathe for machining, and the customized disc milling cutter is arranged on the main shaft of the lathe, so that all the side surfaces of the mounting plates can be machined simultaneously, and the precision of the distance tolerance and the parallelism between the two mounting plates is ensured, which is the precision and the efficiency which can not be achieved by separating multiple machining steps on the existing milling machine. The reamer mechanism is arranged on the lathe tailstock, so that the mounting holes of the two mounting plates can be uniformly reamed, the coaxiality of the mounting holes is also ensured, and the machining precision of the machine tool base is greatly improved.)

1. The machining process of the machine tool base is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

firstly, after a machine tool base blank is cast and formed, carrying out aging treatment for 24 hours at normal temperature;

step two, rough machining the bottom surface of the machine tool base: clamping the symmetrical mounting plates by a machine tool base through a special fixture, machining the bottom surface of the bottom plate on a milling machine by using a phi 130 disc milling cutter, roughly machining by using a spindle with the rotating speed of 300r/min, feeding 150mm/min, cutting to the depth of 1mm, and reserving a fine machining allowance of 0.3 mm;

thirdly, finely processing the bottom surface of the machine tool base: finish machining the bottom surface by using a phi 130 disc milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 500r/min, the feeding is 100mm/min, the cutting depth is 0.3mm, high-pressure gas is adopted for cooling during finish machining, the surface roughness of the bottom surface reaches 1.6um after finishing machining, the flatness meets the requirements of a drawing, and a reference plane is formed;

fourthly, the side surface of the mounting plate of the base of the rough milling machine tool is as follows: the machine tool base takes the bottom surface of a bottom plate as a reference, the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on a lathe carriage through four screw holes on the bottom plate by screws, a machining tool is arranged on a lathe spindle through double tips, the tool is driven to rotate by a heart-shaped chuck, the tool is milled by a fixed-size disc milling cutter, the rotating speed of the spindle is 600r/min, the feeding is 0.15mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the top surface of the bottom plate and two side surfaces of a mounting plate are roughly milled, the interval tolerance of the two side surfaces of the mounting plate is guaranteed to be +/-0.1 mm, and 0.1;

fifthly, milling by adopting a sizing disc milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 800r/min, the feeding is 0.1mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, the top surface of the bottom plate and the two side surfaces of the mounting plate are finely milled, the distance tolerance between the two side surfaces of the mounting plate is guaranteed to be +/-0.05 mm, the parallelism reaches the requirement of a drawing, the surface roughness of the bottom surface and the two side surfaces reaches 1.6um, and the other dimensions reach the requirement of the drawing;

sixthly, mounting a phi 50 coarse reamer on the main shaft, feeding the main shaft at the rotating speed of 80r/min by 0.1mm/r, and reaming, wherein after the reaming is finished, the bore diameter roundness reaches the requirement of a drawing, the surface roughness reaches 1.6um, and a 0.02mm finish reaming allowance is reserved on the surface;

seventhly, mounting a phi 50 three-blade cylindrical extrusion finish reamer on a lathe tailstock, performing extrusion finish reaming to process a hole wall, feeding the hole wall by 0.08mm/r, wherein the extrusion finish reaming amount is 0.02, adopting edible vegetable oil as extrusion finish reaming lubricating liquid, performing finish reaming, and after the processing is finished, ensuring that the roundness of the hole diameter meets the requirement of a drawing and the surface roughness reaches 0.08 um;

and eighthly, the machine tool base takes the bottom surface of the bottom plate as a reference, a phi 32-face milling cutter is adopted, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 1000r/min, the feeding is 0.1mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, the top surface of the bottom plate is milled, the parallelism of the bottom surface and the top surface reaches +/-0.05 mm, and the rest meets the requirement of a drawing.

2. The utility model provides a lathe base processing frock which characterized in that: the machining tool for the machine tool base comprises a fixed-size disc milling cutter, a front and rear feeding mechanism of a lathe carriage and a tailstock reamer mechanism capable of displacing transversely relative to the fixed-size disc milling cutter, wherein the fixed-size disc milling cutter comprises four disc milling cutters which are arranged transversely, the disc milling cutters are coaxially arranged through the lathe spindle, and cutter faces of the disc milling cutters correspond to side faces on two mounting plates on the machine tool base one by one; the lathe base is fixedly arranged on the front and rear feeding mechanisms of the lathe carriage and is opposite to the fixed-size disc milling cutter, and the tailstock reamer mechanism is arranged at the tail of the lathe and is opposite to the mounting hole of the transmission shaft of the lathe base.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool base machining processes and tools, and particularly relates to a novel machine tool base machining process and tool.

Background

The base of the textile machine bed is an indispensable part in textile machinery, the product structure of the base comprises a bottom plate 12 and two mounting plates 11 which are symmetrically arranged, two coaxial mounting holes 13 are formed in the mounting plates 11 and used for mounting a transmission shaft of equipment, so the processing precision of the base directly influences the service life of the equipment and the noise of the equipment, especially the distance tolerance between the two mounting plates, the parallelism, the coaxiality and other geometric tolerances are the key of the base, but the existing base is processed by a milling machine in a whole processing technology, but because the mounting plates are high in height, the milling cutter extends outwards and has relatively low rigidity, the cutter yielding and vibration pattern phenomena are easily generated on the surface of a workpiece, the product precision is difficult to guarantee, the processing efficiency is relatively low, and the production requirements of enterprises are difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems that the existing milling cutter is relatively long in extension and poor in rigidity and can easily generate cutter relieving and vibration lines, a novel machining process and a novel machining tool for a machine tool base are provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a machining process for a machine tool base comprises the following steps:

firstly, after a machine tool base blank is cast and formed, carrying out aging treatment for 24 hours at normal temperature;

step two, rough machining the bottom surface of the machine tool base: clamping the symmetrical mounting plates by a machine tool base through a special fixture, machining the bottom surface of the bottom plate on a milling machine by using a phi 130 disc milling cutter, roughly machining by using a spindle with the rotating speed of 300r/min, feeding 150mm/min, cutting to the depth of 1mm, and reserving a fine machining allowance of 0.3 mm;

thirdly, finely processing the bottom surface of the machine tool base: finish machining the bottom surface by using a phi 130 disc milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 500r/min, the feeding is 100mm/min, the cutting depth is 0.3mm, high-pressure gas is adopted for cooling during finish machining, the surface roughness of the bottom surface reaches 1.6um after finishing machining, the flatness meets the requirements of a drawing, and a reference plane is formed;

fourthly, the side surface of the mounting plate of the base of the rough milling machine tool is as follows: the machine tool base takes the bottom surface of a bottom plate as a reference, the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on a lathe carriage through four screw holes on the bottom plate by screws, a machining tool is arranged on a lathe spindle through double tips, the tool is driven to rotate by a heart-shaped chuck, the tool is milled by a fixed-size disc milling cutter, the rotating speed of the spindle is 600r/min, the feeding is 0.15mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the top surface of the bottom plate and two side surfaces of a mounting plate are roughly milled, the interval tolerance of the two side surfaces of the mounting plate is guaranteed to be +/-0.1 mm, and 0.1;

fifthly, milling by adopting a sizing disc milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 800r/min, the feeding is 0.1mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, the top surface of the bottom plate and the two side surfaces of the mounting plate are finely milled, the distance tolerance between the two side surfaces of the mounting plate is guaranteed to be +/-0.05 mm, the parallelism reaches the requirement of a drawing, the surface roughness of the bottom surface and the two side surfaces reaches 1.6um, and the other dimensions reach the requirement of the drawing;

sixthly, mounting a phi 50 coarse reamer on the main shaft, feeding the main shaft at the rotating speed of 80r/min by 0.1mm/r, and reaming, wherein after the reaming is finished, the bore diameter roundness reaches the requirement of a drawing, the surface roughness reaches 1.6um, and a 0.02mm finish reaming allowance is reserved on the surface;

seventhly, mounting a phi 50 three-blade cylindrical extrusion finish reamer on a lathe tailstock, performing extrusion finish reaming to process a hole wall, feeding the hole wall by 0.08mm/r, wherein the extrusion finish reaming amount is 0.02, adopting edible vegetable oil as extrusion finish reaming lubricating liquid, performing finish reaming, and after the processing is finished, ensuring that the roundness of the hole diameter meets the requirement of a drawing and the surface roughness reaches 0.08 um;

and eighthly, the machine tool base takes the bottom surface of the bottom plate as a reference, a phi 32-face milling cutter is adopted, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 1000r/min, the feeding is 0.1mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, the top surface of the bottom plate is milled, the parallelism of the bottom surface and the top surface reaches +/-0.05 mm, and the rest meets the requirement of a drawing.

A machining tool for a machine tool base comprises a fixed-size disc milling cutter, a front and rear feeding mechanism of a lathe carriage and a tailstock reamer mechanism capable of displacing transversely relative to the fixed-size disc milling cutter, wherein the fixed-size disc milling cutter comprises four disc milling cutters which are arranged transversely, the disc milling cutters are coaxially arranged through the lathe spindle, and cutter faces of the disc milling cutters correspond to side faces on two mounting plates on the machine tool base one by one; the lathe base is fixedly arranged on the front and rear feeding mechanisms of the lathe carriage and is opposite to the fixed-size disc milling cutter, and the tailstock reamer mechanism is arranged at the tail of the lathe and is opposite to the mounting hole of the transmission shaft of the lathe base.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention transfers the processes of machining the side surfaces of the mounting plates of the machine tool base and reaming the mounting holes to the lathe for machining, and the customized disc milling cutter is arranged on the main shaft of the lathe, so that all the side surfaces of the mounting plates can be machined simultaneously, and the precision of the distance tolerance and the parallelism between the two mounting plates is ensured, which is the precision and the efficiency which can not be achieved by separating multiple machining steps on the existing milling machine. The reamer mechanism is arranged on the lathe tailstock, so that the mounting holes of the two mounting plates can be uniformly reamed, the coaxiality of the mounting holes is also ensured, and the machining precision of the machine tool base is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the machining matching structure of the sizing disc milling cutter and the machine tool base on the lathe carriage.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the tooling layout for the lathe of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the machining process of the machine tool base comprises the following steps:

firstly, after a machine tool base blank is cast and formed, carrying out aging treatment for 24 hours at normal temperature;

step two, rough machining the bottom surface of the machine tool base: clamping the symmetrical mounting plates by a machine tool base through a special fixture, machining the bottom surface of the bottom plate on a milling machine by using a phi 130 disc milling cutter, roughly machining by using a spindle with the rotating speed of 300r/min, feeding 150mm/min, cutting to the depth of 1mm, and reserving a fine machining allowance of 0.3 mm;

thirdly, finely processing the bottom surface of the machine tool base: finish machining the bottom surface by using a phi 130 disc milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 500r/min, the feeding is 100mm/min, the cutting depth is 0.3mm, high-pressure gas is adopted for cooling during finish machining, the surface roughness of the bottom surface reaches 1.6um after finishing machining, the flatness meets the requirements of a drawing, and a reference plane is formed;

fourthly, the side surface of the mounting plate of the base of the rough milling machine tool is as follows: the machine tool base takes the bottom surface of a bottom plate as a reference, the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on a lathe carriage through four screw holes on the bottom plate by screws, a machining tool is arranged on a lathe spindle through double tips, the tool is driven to rotate by a heart-shaped chuck, the tool is milled by a fixed-size disc milling cutter, the rotating speed of the spindle is 600r/min, the feeding is 0.15mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the top surface of the bottom plate and two side surfaces of a mounting plate are roughly milled, the interval tolerance of the two side surfaces of the mounting plate is guaranteed to be +/-0.1 mm, and 0.1;

fifthly, milling by adopting a sizing disc milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft is 800r/min, the feeding is 0.1mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, the top surface of the bottom plate and the two side surfaces of the mounting plate are finely milled, the distance tolerance between the two side surfaces of the mounting plate is guaranteed to be +/-0.05 mm, the parallelism reaches the requirement of a drawing, the surface roughness of the bottom surface and the two side surfaces reaches 1.6um, and the other dimensions reach the requirement of the drawing;

sixthly, mounting a phi 50 coarse reamer on the main shaft, feeding the main shaft at the rotating speed of 80r/min by 0.1mm/r, and reaming, wherein after the reaming is finished, the bore diameter roundness reaches the requirement of a drawing, the surface roughness reaches 1.6um, and a 0.02mm finish reaming allowance is reserved on the surface;

seventhly, mounting a phi 50 three-blade cylindrical extrusion finish reamer on a lathe tailstock, performing extrusion finish reaming to process a hole wall, feeding the hole wall by 0.08mm/r, wherein the extrusion finish reaming amount is 0.02, adopting edible vegetable oil as extrusion finish reaming lubricating liquid, performing finish reaming, and after the processing is finished, ensuring that the roundness of the hole diameter meets the requirement of a drawing and the surface roughness reaches 0.08 um;

and eighthly, the machine tool base takes the bottom surface of the bottom plate as a reference, a phi 32-face milling cutter is adopted, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 1000r/min, the feeding is 0.1mm/r, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, the top surface of the bottom plate is milled, the parallelism of the bottom surface and the top surface reaches +/-0.05 mm, and the rest meets the requirement of a drawing.

A machining tool for a machine tool base comprises a fixed-size disc milling cutter, a front and rear feeding mechanism 4 of a lathe carriage and a tailstock reamer mechanism capable of displacing transversely relative to each other, wherein the fixed-size disc milling cutter comprises four disc milling cutters 2 arranged transversely, the disc milling cutters 3 are coaxially arranged through the lathe spindle, and cutter faces of the disc milling cutters correspond to side faces on two mounting plates 11 on the machine tool base 1 one by one; the lathe base is fixedly arranged on the front and rear feeding mechanisms 4 of the lathe carriage and is opposite to the fixed-size disc milling cutter, and the tailstock reamer mechanism 5 is arranged at the tail of the lathe and is opposite to the mounting hole 13 of the transmission shaft of the lathe base.