阅读说明：本技术 一种抗菌可降解无纺布的制备方法 (Preparation method of antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric ) 是由 杨天二 李飞 高翔宇 李小燕 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种抗菌可降解无纺布的制备方法,第一步、将改性玉米淀粉纤维加入分散池中,用分散搅拌机分解成质量百分比浓度为1‰-5‰的改性玉米淀粉纤维悬浮液,备用；第二步、将改性聚酯纤维粉碎后经过浓度计控制质量百分比浓度为1.8％-2.1％,之后经螺杆泵送入一次冲浆槽,再经一次冲浆泵送入过滤系统,经流量计、调节阀控制流量进入二次冲浆槽,制得改性聚酯纤维浆料；改性玉米淀粉具有良好的可塑性能,所以能够提高离心纺丝制备出改性玉米淀粉纤维的成功率；解决了通过玉米淀粉纺丝出玉米淀粉纤维,可塑性弱,而且纤维不稳定,无法广泛的对其进行应用的技术问题。(The invention discloses a preparation method of an antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps of adding modified corn starch fiber into a dispersion tank, and decomposing the modified corn starch fiber into modified corn starch fiber suspension with the mass percentage concentration of 1-5 per mill by using a dispersion mixer for later use; secondly, crushing the modified polyester fiber, controlling the mass percent concentration to be 1.8-2.1% by a concentration meter, then sending the crushed modified polyester fiber into a primary pulp washing tank by a screw pump, sending the crushed modified polyester fiber into a filtering system by a primary pulp washing pump, and controlling the flow rate by a flow meter and an adjusting valve to enter a secondary pulp washing tank to prepare modified polyester fiber slurry; the modified corn starch has good plasticity, so the success rate of preparing the modified corn starch fiber by centrifugal spinning can be improved; solves the technical problems that the corn starch fiber spun by the corn starch has weak plasticity and unstable fiber and can not be widely applied.)

1. The preparation method of the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, adding modified corn starch fiber into a dispersion pool, and decomposing the modified corn starch fiber into modified corn starch fiber suspension with the mass percentage concentration of 1-5 per mill by using a dispersion mixer for later use;

secondly, crushing the modified polyester fiber, controlling the mass percent concentration to be 1.8-2.1% by a concentration meter, then sending the crushed modified polyester fiber into a primary pulp washing tank by a screw pump, sending the crushed modified polyester fiber into a filtering system by a primary pulp washing pump, and controlling the flow rate by a flow meter and an adjusting valve to enter a secondary pulp washing tank to prepare modified polyester fiber slurry;

thirdly, the modified corn starch fiber suspension enters a secondary pulp making tank through the control of the flow rate by a flow meter and a regulating valve to be mixed with the modified polyester fiber slurry, the weight ratio of the modified corn starch fiber suspension to the modified polyester fiber slurry is controlled to be 15-20: 1, and the mixture is fully mixed and then is sent to an inclined net head box to form a fiber net;

and fourthly, the fiber net is subjected to puncture and rebound of a high-pressure water needle, fibers are mutually entangled and then dehydrated by a vacuum water absorption device, the fibers are sent into a penetrating drying cylinder drying machine for drying, and then the fabric is detected, cut, rolled and packaged to obtain the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric.

2. The method for preparing the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modified corn starch fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) respectively adding glycerol and ethylene glycol into a reaction kettle, magnetically stirring for 30min, then adding formamide, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution A, drying corn starch at 75-80 ℃ for 10-12h, then stirring the dried corn starch and the mixed solution A at the rotating speed of 450-480r/min for 10min, taking out, sealing and storing for 20h, adding into an internal mixer, controlling the temperature of the internal mixer to be 110 ℃ and the rotating speed of 15-20r/min, and internally mixing for 25-30min to obtain modified corn starch, and controlling the weight ratio of the glycerol, the ethylene glycol, the formamide and the corn starch to be 3: 10: 2;

(2) adding the modified corn starch prepared in the step (1) into a 2-3% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly stirring for 15-18h at a rotating speed of 150-.

3. The method for preparing the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric according to claim 2, wherein the ambient temperature is kept at 28-30 ℃ and the humidity is less than 55% in the spinning process in the step (2).

4. The method for preparing the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modified polyester fiber is prepared by the following method:

step S1, adding polyethylene glycol terephthalate into a mixed solvent, magnetically stirring until the polyethylene glycol terephthalate is completely dissolved, spinning to obtain polyester fibers, then adding the polyester fibers into a 10% titanium tetrachloride solution, dropwise adding 10% acetic acid to adjust the pH value until the pH value is 6.5-6.8, magnetically stirring for 5 hours, then ultrasonically oscillating for 30 minutes, then taking out, washing for three times by using deionized water, then adding the solution into the 10% titanium tetrachloride solution again, acoustically oscillating for 30 minutes, repeating the three times, taking out, washing and drying to obtain the polyester fibers after primary treatment, and controlling the weight ratio of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate to the 10% titanium tetrachloride solution to be 1: 20-25;

step S2, adding polyvinylpyrrolidone into deionized water, heating in 55-60 ℃ water bath, magnetically stirring until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved, adding ethylene glycol, continuously stirring for 10-15min, adding silver nitrate, heating to 110-;

and step S3, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the prepared nano silver colloid, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2min, then adding acetone, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for 1min at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, drying to obtain nano silver particles, adding the nano silver particles into a DMF (dimethyl formamide) solution, then adding the polyester fiber after primary treatment, heating to 110 ℃, stirring for 2h at the temperature, filtering and washing to obtain the modified polyester fiber.

5. The method for preparing the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric according to claim 4, wherein the mixed solution is prepared by mixing dichloromethane and trifluoroacetic acid according to a weight ratio of 1: 1.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the nano silver colloid, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the acetone and the DMF in the step S3 is controlled to be 1: 5: 10.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven fabric preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric.

Background

Nonwoven fabrics, also known as nonwovens, are composed of oriented or random fibers. It is called a cloth because of its appearance and certain properties. The non-woven fabric has the characteristics of moisture resistance, air permeability, flexibility, light weight, no combustion supporting, easy decomposition, no toxicity or irritation, rich color, low price, recycling and the like. If polypropylene (pp material) granules are mostly adopted as raw materials, the non-woven fabric is produced by a continuous one-step method of high-temperature melting, spinning, laying a line and hot-pressing coiling, and comprises terylene, polypropylene fiber, chinlon, spandex, acrylic fiber and the like according to the components; the different components will have distinct nonwoven styles. Spun-bonded fabrics, which are commonly referred to as polyester spun-bonded and polypropylene spun-bonded; the styles of the two fabrics are very close to each other and can be distinguished only through a high-temperature test.

The non-woven fabric is a non-woven fabric which is formed by directly utilizing high polymer slices, short fibers or filaments to form a net through air flow or machinery, then carrying out spunlace, needling or hot rolling reinforcement, and finally carrying out after-treatment. A novel fabric product having a soft, air-permeable and planar structure, which is strong, durable, silky and soft without generating lint, is one of reinforcing materials, and has a cotton-like feeling, and a non-woven fabric bag which is easy to form and inexpensive as compared with cotton.

The Chinese invention patent CN105054444A discloses a degradable, flame-retardant and antistatic nonwoven fabric for surgical gowns and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the nonwoven fabric for surgical gowns comprises the following components: the first base cloth layer, the heat insulation layer, the waterproof layer, the activated carbon adsorption layer and the second base cloth layer are sequentially bonded from bottom to top; the first base cloth layer is formed by criss-cross arrangement of composite fibers formed by melting and spinning polyhydroxybutyrate and polylactic acid; the second base cloth layer is formed by criss-cross arrangement of composite fibers formed by melting and spinning polypropylene and modified polyacrylonitrile; the surface of the first base cloth layer and the surface of the second base cloth layer are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes, the aperture ratio is 90-95%, and the aperture is 0.1-0.2 mm.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric.

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:

the corn starch fiber spun by the corn starch has weak plasticity and unstable fiber, cannot be widely applied, and the nano silver serving as a high-efficiency antibacterial agent cannot be tightly combined with a carrier during use, so that the nano silver is easy to disperse and fall off.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding modified corn starch fiber into a dispersion pool, and decomposing the modified corn starch fiber into modified corn starch fiber suspension with the mass percentage concentration of 1-5 per mill by using a dispersion mixer for later use;

secondly, crushing the modified polyester fiber, controlling the mass percent concentration to be 1.8-2.1% by a concentration meter, then sending the crushed modified polyester fiber into a primary pulp washing tank by a screw pump, sending the crushed modified polyester fiber into a filtering system by a primary pulp washing pump, and controlling the flow rate by a flow meter and an adjusting valve to enter a secondary pulp washing tank to prepare modified polyester fiber slurry;

thirdly, the modified corn starch fiber suspension enters a secondary pulp making tank through the control of the flow rate by a flow meter and a regulating valve to be mixed with the modified polyester fiber slurry, the weight ratio of the modified corn starch fiber suspension to the modified polyester fiber slurry is controlled to be 15-20: 1, and the mixture is fully mixed and then is sent to an inclined net head box to form a fiber net;

and fourthly, the fiber net is subjected to puncture and rebound of a high-pressure water needle, fibers are mutually entangled and then dehydrated by a vacuum water absorption device, the fibers are sent into a penetrating drying cylinder drying machine for drying, and then the fabric is detected, cut, rolled and packaged to obtain the antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric.

Further, the modified corn starch fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) respectively adding glycerol and ethylene glycol into a reaction kettle, magnetically stirring for 30min, then adding formamide, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution A, drying corn starch at 75-80 ℃ for 10-12h, then stirring the dried corn starch and the mixed solution A at the rotating speed of 450-480r/min for 10min, taking out, sealing and storing for 20h, adding into an internal mixer, controlling the temperature of the internal mixer to be 110 ℃ and the rotating speed of 15-20r/min, and internally mixing for 25-30min to obtain modified corn starch, and controlling the weight ratio of the glycerol, the ethylene glycol, the formamide and the corn starch to be 3: 10: 2;

(2) adding the modified corn starch prepared in the step (1) into a 2-3% sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly stirring for 15-18h at a rotating speed of 150-.

Mixing raw materials such as glycerol, ethylene glycol and the like to prepare a mixed solution A, then stirring and mixing the mixed solution A and corn starch, wherein in the mixing process, formamide can destroy intramolecular hydrogen bonds inside the corn starch, intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between the corn starch and the formamide, and further the corn starch is plasticized; in the step (2), the modified corn starch and the sodium hydroxide solution are mixed to prepare the spinning solution, and then the modified corn starch fiber is prepared through centrifugal spinning, wherein the modified corn starch has good plasticity, so that the success rate of preparing the modified corn starch fiber through the centrifugal spinning can be improved.

Further, the ambient temperature is kept at 28-30 ℃ during the spinning process in the step (2), and the humidity is less than 55%.

Further, the modified polyester fiber is prepared by the following method:

step S1, adding polyethylene glycol terephthalate into a mixed solvent, magnetically stirring until the polyethylene glycol terephthalate is completely dissolved, spinning to obtain polyester fibers, then adding the polyester fibers into a 10% titanium tetrachloride solution, dropwise adding 10% acetic acid to adjust the pH value until the pH value is 6.5-6.8, magnetically stirring for 5 hours, then ultrasonically oscillating for 30 minutes, then taking out, washing for three times by using deionized water, then adding the solution into the 10% titanium tetrachloride solution again, acoustically oscillating for 30 minutes, repeating the three times, taking out, washing and drying to obtain the polyester fibers after primary treatment, and controlling the weight ratio of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate to the 10% titanium tetrachloride solution to be 1: 20-25;

step S2, adding polyvinylpyrrolidone into deionized water, heating in 55-60 ℃ water bath, magnetically stirring until the polyvinylpyrrolidone is completely dissolved, adding ethylene glycol, continuously stirring for 10-15min, adding silver nitrate, heating to 110-;

and step S3, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the prepared nano silver colloid, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2min, then adding acetone, uniformly mixing, centrifuging for 1min at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, drying to obtain nano silver particles, adding the nano silver particles into a DMF (dimethyl formamide) solution, then adding the polyester fiber after primary treatment, heating to 110 ℃, stirring for 2h at the temperature, filtering and washing to obtain the modified polyester fiber.

In the step S1, polyethylene terephthalate is spun to prepare polyester fibers, then the polyester fibers are treated by a 10% titanium tetrachloride solution, a large-area blank exists on the surfaces of the treated polyester fibers, so that titanium in the titanium tetrachloride solution can be loaded on the surfaces of the polyester fibers, a nano silver colloid is prepared in the step S2, nano silver particles are prepared and dispersed in a DMF solution and are mixed with the polyester fibers after primary treatment, nano silver can be loaded on the surfaces of the polyester fibers, so that the modified polyester fibers are endowed with excellent antibacterial performance, and the large-area blank existing on the surfaces of the polyester fibers can be better combined with the nano silver, so that the stability of a system is guaranteed.

Further, the mixed solution is formed by mixing dichloromethane and trifluoroacetic acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.

Further, in step S3, the weight ratio of the nano silver colloid, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the acetone and the DMF is controlled to be 1: 5: 10.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention relates to an antibacterial degradable non-woven fabric, which takes modified corn starch fiber and modified polyester fiber as raw materials, wherein the modified corn starch fiber is endowed with excellent degradability, and the modified polyester fiber is endowed with excellent antibacterial performance; in the step (2), the modified corn starch and the sodium hydroxide solution are mixed to prepare the spinning solution, and then the modified corn starch fiber is prepared through centrifugal spinning, wherein the modified corn starch has good plasticity, so that the success rate of preparing the modified corn starch fiber through the centrifugal spinning can be improved; the technical problems that the corn starch fiber obtained by spinning the corn starch has weak plasticity and unstable fiber and cannot be widely applied are solved;

(2) in the preparation process of the modified polyester fiber, firstly polyethylene glycol terephthalate is spun in step S1 to prepare a polyester fiber, then the polyester fiber is treated by a 10% titanium tetrachloride solution, a large-area blank exists on the surface of the treated polyester fiber, and then titanium in the titanium tetrachloride solution can be loaded on the surface of the polyester fiber, a nano silver colloid is prepared in step S2, then nano silver particles are prepared, dispersed in a DMF solution and mixed with the polyester fiber after primary treatment, nano silver can be loaded on the surface of the polyester fiber, so that the modified polyester fiber is endowed with excellent antibacterial performance, and the large-area blank existing on the surface of the polyester fiber can be better combined with the nano silver, the stability of a system is guaranteed, the problem that the nano silver serving as a high-efficiency antibacterial agent cannot be tightly combined with a carrier in use, so that the nano silver is easy to disperse, The technical problem of falling off.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.