阅读说明：本技术 燃料电池用融冰系统及融冰方法 (Ice melting system and ice melting method for fuel cell ) 是由 曲观书 徐云飞 周百慧 杨绍军 张禾 贾能铀 于 2020-04-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种燃料电池用融冰系统及融冰方法,其中,该系统包括：电堆、堆氢气输出管路及堆空气输出管路；空气旁通管路,用于对输入电堆前的高压空气进行分流；氢空混排管路,连接于堆氢气输出管路的输出口、堆空气输出管路的输出口及空气旁通管路的输出口；排氢阀,设置于堆氢气输出管路上,并与通过空气旁通管路流至氢空混排管路的高压空气进行热交换。就此,在燃料电池电堆冷启动前,通过控制策略,可在无外加热的基础上使得排氢阀快速融冰,达到低温快速冷启动的目的,保证低温下电堆的顺利发电。而且,还可以减少排氢阀本体与电堆端板之间的热损失。(The invention provides an ice melting system and an ice melting method for a fuel cell, wherein the system comprises: the fuel cell stack comprises a galvanic pile, a pile hydrogen output pipeline and a pile air output pipeline; the air bypass pipeline is used for shunting high-pressure air before the high-pressure air is input into the galvanic pile; the hydrogen-air mixed discharging pipeline is connected with an output port of the pile hydrogen output pipeline, an output port of the pile air output pipeline and an output port of the air bypass pipeline; and the hydrogen discharge valve is arranged on the stack hydrogen output pipeline and exchanges heat with high-pressure air flowing to the hydrogen-air mixed discharge pipeline through the air bypass pipeline. Therefore, before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen discharge valve can melt ice rapidly through a control strategy on the basis of no external heating, the purpose of low-temperature rapid cold start is achieved, and smooth power generation of the stack at low temperature is guaranteed. Moreover, heat loss between the hydrogen discharge valve body and the stack end plate can be reduced.)

1. An ice melting system for a fuel cell, the system comprising: the device comprises a galvanic pile (3), a pile hydrogen output pipeline (11) and a pile air output pipeline (8);

further, the method includes:

the air bypass pipeline (1) is used for shunting high-pressure air before being input into the galvanic pile (3);

the hydrogen-air mixed discharge pipeline (4) is connected with an output port of the pile hydrogen output pipeline (11), an output port of the pile air output pipeline (8) and an output port of the air bypass pipeline (1);

and the hydrogen discharge valve (2) is arranged on the stack hydrogen output pipeline (11) and exchanges heat with high-pressure air flowing to the hydrogen-air mixed discharge pipeline (4) through the air bypass pipeline (1).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen discharge valve (2) is integrated on the hydrogen-air mixing discharge line (4).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air bypass line (1) comprises: an air compressor (7) and a bypass valve (5) which are connected in sequence;

the air compressor (7) is used for compressing and pressurizing air input to the electric pile (3); the bypass valve (5) is used for opening and closing the air bypass pipeline (1).

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising:

and the two ends of the air input pipeline (9) are respectively connected to the air compressor (7) and the electric pile (3) and used for inputting high-pressure air output by the air compressor (7) to the electric pile (3).

5. The system of claim 4, further comprising:

and the air inlet control valve (6) is arranged on the air input pipeline (9) and is used for opening and closing the air input pipeline (9).

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the air intake control valve (6) includes: a throttle valve.

7. A method for melting ice for a fuel cell, which is applied to the ice melting system for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

s11, powering on an air compressor (7), and opening an air bypass pipeline (1) by opening the air compressor (7) and a bypass valve (5); furthermore, the air input pipeline (9) is closed by closing the air input control valve (6);

s12, measuring the temperature of the hydrogen discharge valve (2) and the temperature of the output port of the air compressor (7) in real time;

and S13, under the condition that the temperature at the output port of the air compressor (7) is determined to be not less than the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve (2), opening the air input pipeline (9) by opening the air inlet control valve (6), and closing the air bypass pipeline (1) by gradually closing the bypass valve (5).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an ice melting system and an ice melting method for a fuel cell.

Background

The fuel cell is used as a high-efficiency low-pollution clean energy power generation system, and can be widely applied to the fields of automobile industry, energy power generation, ship industry and the like.

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrochemically reacts under the action of a catalyst to generate water. Typically, water is generated on the cathode side and is exhausted out of the stack with a large amount of air, but some water diffuses to the anode due to concentration effects. The anode water is intermittently discharged out of the pile through a hydrogen discharge valve along with the hydrogen.

In order to drain the water from the system as much as possible in a low temperature environment, a cold purge is usually performed when the system is shut down. However, when the temperature of the system is reduced to the ambient temperature, part of condensed water is separated out, so that the valve body of the hydrogen discharge valve is frozen and cannot work normally. When the engine is started at low temperature, if the tail gate valve is frozen, the starting performance is seriously affected, and if the tail gate valve cannot be iced within a certain time, the starting failure is caused.

In the existing fuel cell technology, for the problem of icing of the hydrogen discharge valve, patent CN203800126U mainly melts the ice solidified in the hydrogen discharge valve through a heating rod, and then keeps the temperature of the hydrogen discharge valve through hot air after passing through an air compressor. The mode needs to consume higher energy, melts ice by external heating, does not belong to the field of self-starting of the engine, and is complex in structural design. Thirdly, the method takes a long time to achieve the purpose of melting ice.

Therefore, before the cold start at low temperature, the cold start is successful when the hydrogen exhaust valve can work normally.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ice melting system and an ice melting method for a fuel cell, which overcome the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides an ice melting system for a fuel cell, the system comprising: the fuel cell stack comprises a galvanic pile, a pile hydrogen output pipeline and a pile air output pipeline; further, the method includes: the air bypass pipeline is used for shunting high-pressure air before the high-pressure air is input into the galvanic pile; the hydrogen-air mixed discharging pipeline is connected to an output port of the pile hydrogen output pipeline, an output port of the pile air output pipeline and an output port of the air bypass pipeline; and the hydrogen discharge valve is arranged on the stack hydrogen output pipeline and exchanges heat with high-pressure air flowing to the hydrogen-air mixed discharge pipeline through the air bypass pipeline.

Optionally, the hydrogen discharge valve is integrated on the hydrogen air mixing discharge pipeline.

Optionally, the air bypass line includes: the air compressor and the bypass valve are connected in sequence; the air compressor is used for compressing and pressurizing air input to the electric pile; the bypass valve is used for opening and closing the air bypass pipeline.

Optionally, the method further includes: and the two ends of the air input pipeline are respectively connected with the air compressor and the electric pile and used for inputting high-pressure air output by the air compressor to the electric pile.

Optionally, the method further includes: and the air inlet control valve is arranged on the air input pipeline and used for opening and closing the air input pipeline.

Optionally, the intake control valve includes: a throttle valve.

The second aspect of the present application provides a method for melting ice for a fuel cell, which is applied to the above-mentioned system for melting ice for a fuel cell, and includes:

s11, powering on the air compressor, and opening the air bypass pipeline by opening the air compressor and the bypass valve; also, the air input line is closed by closing the air intake control valve;

s12, measuring the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve and the temperature of the output port of the air compressor in real time;

and S13, under the condition that the temperature at the output port of the air compressor is determined to be not less than the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve, opening the air input pipeline by opening the air inlet control valve, and closing the air bypass pipeline by gradually closing the bypass valve.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: before the cold start of the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen discharge valve can melt ice rapidly through a control strategy on the basis of no external heating, so that the purpose of low-temperature rapid cold start is achieved, and smooth power generation of the stack at low temperature is ensured. Moreover, heat loss between the hydrogen discharge valve body and the stack end plate can be reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ice melting system for a fuel cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for melting ice for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram (two) of the ice melting system for a fuel cell in the embodiment of the invention.

Wherein, 1, an air bypass pipeline; 2. a hydrogen discharge valve; 3. a galvanic pile; 4. a hydrogen-air mixed discharge pipeline; 5. a bypass valve; 6. an air intake control valve; 7. an air compressor; 8. a stack air output line; 9. an air input line; 10. a pile hydrogen input pipeline; 11. pile hydrogen export pipeline.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In order to facilitate an understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to several specific embodiments.

Specifically, the present embodiment achieves the following technical effects: before the cold start of the fuel cell stack 3, the hydrogen discharge valve 2 can melt ice rapidly through a control strategy on the basis of no external heating, so that the purpose of low-temperature rapid cold start is achieved, and smooth power generation of the stack 3 at low temperature is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ice melting system for a fuel cell, which is included in a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system includes the ice melting system for a fuel cell and a stack hydrogen input pipeline 10.

Wherein, this ice-melt system for fuel cell includes: the device comprises a galvanic pile 3, a pile hydrogen output pipeline 11, a pile air output pipeline 8, an air bypass pipeline 1, a hydrogen-air mixed exhaust pipeline 4, a hydrogen exhaust valve 2 and an air input pipeline 9.

The stack hydrogen supply line 10 and the air supply line 9 are used to supply air and hydrogen to the stack 3, respectively.

The stack air output pipeline 8 and the stack hydrogen output pipeline 11 are respectively used for removing air and hydrogen which are excessive in reaction in the electric stack 3.

In addition, the air bypass pipeline 1 is connected to the air input pipeline 9, and the air bypass pipeline 1 is used for shunting high-pressure air before being input into the galvanic pile 3;

the hydrogen-air mixing exhaust line 4 is connected to an output port of the stack hydrogen output line 11, an output port of the stack air output line 8, and an output port of the air bypass line 1, and is configured to mix and exhaust a medium output from the stack hydrogen output line 11, a medium of the stack air output line 8, and a medium of the air bypass line 1. Of course, in this embodiment, the medium is characterized by the fluid flowing through the corresponding conduit, such as: the medium output from the stack hydrogen output pipeline 11 is air flowing through the stack hydrogen output pipeline 11.

The hydrogen discharge valve 2 is provided in the stack hydrogen gas output line 11, and the hydrogen discharge valve 2 exchanges heat with the high-pressure air flowing through the air bypass line 1 to the hydrogen/air mixing discharge line 4.

Of course, in the present embodiment, the positional relationship between the exhaust valve and the hydrogen/air mixing and discharging line 4 is not limited, and the hydrogen discharge valve 2 may be configured to exchange heat with the high-pressure air flowing through the hydrogen/air mixing and discharging line 4. Such as: the hydrogen discharge valve 2 is integrated on the hydrogen air mixing discharge pipeline 4, the hydrogen discharge valve 2 is arranged on the hydrogen air mixing discharge pipeline 4, and the hydrogen discharge valve 2 is arranged on the stack hydrogen output pipeline 11 and has a gap with the hydrogen air mixing discharge pipeline 4.

Therefore, before the fuel cell stack 3 is cold started, the hydrogen discharge valve 2 can be rapidly de-iced on the basis of no external heating through a control strategy, the purpose of low-temperature rapid cold start is achieved, and smooth power generation of the stack 3 at low temperature is ensured. Moreover, heat loss between the hydrogen discharge valve 2 body and the end plate of the stack 3 can be reduced.

In another embodiment, the air bypass line 1 comprises: an air compressor 7 and a bypass valve 5 which are connected in sequence; the air compressor 7 is used for compressing and pressurizing air input to the electric pile 3; the bypass valve 5 is used for opening and closing the air bypass pipeline 1. The air compressor 7 is an air compressor.

In another embodiment, the ice melting system for a fuel cell further includes: and the two ends of the air input pipeline 9 are respectively connected to the air compressor 7 and the electric pile 3 and used for inputting high-pressure air output by the air compressor 7 to the electric pile 3.

In another embodiment, the ice melting system for a fuel cell further includes: and the air inlet control valve 6 is arranged on the air input pipeline 9 and is used for opening and closing the air input pipeline 9.

In another embodiment, the ice melting system for a fuel cell further includes: the intake control valve 6 includes: a throttle valve.

Of course, the present embodiment further includes a controller, and the valve bodies in the present embodiment are all connected to the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the valve bodies.

As shown in fig. 2, in another embodiment, a method for melting ice for a fuel cell is further disclosed, which is applied to the above-mentioned system for melting ice for a fuel cell, and the method includes:

s11, powering on the air compressor 7, and opening the air bypass pipeline 1 by opening the air compressor 7 and the bypass valve 5; also, by closing the air intake control valve 6 to close the air input line 9;

s12, measuring the temperature of the hydrogen discharge valve 2 and the temperature of the output port of the air compressor 7 in real time;

s13, in the case where it is determined that the temperature at the output port of the air compressor 7 is not less than the temperature of the hydrogen discharge valve 2, the air intake control valve 6 is opened to open the air input line 9, and the air bypass line 1 is closed gradually by closing the bypass valve 5 gradually.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, before the cell stack 3 is started, the air compressor 7 and the bypass valve 5 are operated, the rotation speed of the air compressor 7 in this state is calibrated so that the outlet temperature of the air compressor 7 is higher than the temperature of the exhaust valve (T1), and the high-temperature gas passes through the hydrogen-air mixing exhaust pipeline 4 and can heat the hydrogen exhaust valve 2. The working state of the hydrogen exhaust valve 2 is detected through a program, and when the hydrogen exhaust valve 2 can work normally, the next starting process is started.

Therefore, before the fuel cell stack 3 is cold started, the hydrogen discharge valve 2 can be rapidly de-iced on the basis of no external heating through a control strategy, the purpose of low-temperature rapid cold start is achieved, and smooth power generation of the stack 3 at low temperature is ensured. Moreover, heat loss between the hydrogen discharge valve 2 body and the end plate of the stack 3 can be reduced.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, lower", etc., are generally based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and in the case of not making a reverse explanation, these directional terms do not indicate and imply that the system or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.