阅读说明：本技术 制造带齿凸轮轴的方法 (Method for producing toothed camshaft ) 是由 马克·米勒 于 2018-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种制造带齿凸轮轴的方法、针装置的使用方法、施加的塑性表面变形的使用方法和带齿凸轮轴。在制造带齿凸轮轴的方法包括：a)用测量装置测量带齿凸轮轴以确定不平衡,b)通过变形装置将至少局部形成的塑性表面变形分段地施加至所述带齿凸轮轴的齿根以矫正所述不平衡,所述塑性表面变形形成冲击部,且随后,c)将固定元件推动至所述带齿凸轮轴上,当推动所述固定元件时,所述固定元件具有与所述冲击部的重叠部分且从而被轴向固定在所述带齿凸轮轴上。(The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a toothed camshaft, a method of using a needle device, a method of using an applied plastic surface deformation and a toothed camshaft. The method for manufacturing the toothed camshaft comprises the following steps: a) measuring a toothed camshaft with a measuring device to determine an imbalance, b) applying at least partially formed plastic surface deformations to the tooth roots of the toothed camshaft in sections by means of a deformation device to correct the imbalance, the plastic surface deformations forming impacts, and subsequently, c) pushing a fixing element onto the toothed camshaft, which fixing element, when pushed, has an overlap with the impacts and is thereby axially fixed on the toothed camshaft.)

1. A method of manufacturing a toothed camshaft (12), in which,

a) measuring the toothed camshaft (12) with a measuring device (50) to determine an imbalance,

b) applying at least locally formed plastic surface deformations (30) to the tooth roots of the toothed camshaft (12) in sections by means of a deformation device (20) in order to correct the imbalance, the plastic surface deformations (30) forming impacts (32) and subsequently,

c) -pushing a fixing element (40) onto the toothed camshaft (12), the fixing element (40) having an overlapping portion with the impact portion (32) and thereby being axially fixed on the toothed camshaft (12) when the fixing element (40) is pushed.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic surface deformation (30) is effected with a needle device (22).

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic surface deformation (30) is applied symmetrically to the circumference of the toothed camshaft (12).

4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the plastic surface deformation (30) has been applied and the fixing element (40) has been pushed onto the toothed camshaft (12), a further plastic surface deformation (30) is applied and a further fixing element (40) is pushed.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein a plurality of plastic surface deformations (30) and a plurality of fixing elements (40) are applied to the toothed camshaft (12).

6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the application of plastic surface deformations (30) and the sliding of the fixing element (40) onto the toothed camshaft (12) take place successively along the longitudinal axis of the toothed camshaft (12).

7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when measuring the toothed camshaft (12), the actual axis of rotation of the toothed camshaft (12) is determined by means of the measuring device (50).

8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when measuring the toothed camshaft (12), the measuring device (50) determines the appropriate position of the local surface deformation (30) in the tooth root of the toothed camshaft (12) and the stress required to correct the unbalance of the toothed camshaft (12).

9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the toothed camshaft (12) is measured with a laser scanner.

10. A method of using a needle device (22), the needle device (22) being used to correct an imbalance of a toothed camshaft (12).

11. Use of an applied plastic surface deformation (30), the applied plastic surface deformation (30) being used to axially fix a fixing element (40) of a toothed camshaft (12) by sliding the fixing element (40) onto the local surface deformation (30).

12. A toothed camshaft (12), the toothed camshaft (12) comprising a local plastic surface deformation (30) due to a needle device (22).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for producing a toothed camshaft, wherein the toothed camshaft is measured with a measuring device to determine an imbalance, and a fastening element is subsequently axially fastened to the toothed camshaft. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for using a needle device for correcting an unbalance of a toothed camshaft and to a toothed camshaft machined with a needle device.

Background

Camshafts, and particularly toothed camshafts, are subjected to application-specific loads during various manufacturing and processing steps. Such machining steps may include machining, gear shaping, drilling, grinding, and at least partially hardening. Through the individual machining steps, the camshaft is sometimes subjected to considerable shape deviations and subsequently has to be readjusted in order to reduce the shape deviations to a tolerable level.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide an efficient process for producing toothed camshafts which is neither cost-intensive nor time-consuming and additionally meets the high requirements with regard to the straightening quality.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a process for producing a toothed camshaft, a method for using a needle device, an applied surface deformation and a toothed camshaft.

Advantageous and alternative forms of process that are suitable for the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.

The invention is based on the following idea: the toothed camshaft is first measured with a measuring device to determine its imbalance. In a subsequent step, an at least partially formed plastic surface deformation is applied in sections to the tooth root of the toothed camshaft using a deformation device to correct the imbalance, the plastic surface deformation forming the impact portion. Subsequently, the fixing element is pushed onto the toothed camshaft, the fixing element covering the impact portion and thereby being axially fixed on the toothed camshaft when the fixing element is pushed.

One advantage of the inventive method is that it can be determined by measuring the exact unbalance of the camshaft. Due to the plastic surface deformation formed locally in the tooth root, a certain stress is applied to the circumference of the shaft. This stress corrects the imbalance measured previously, so that the shape deviations of the toothed camshaft are compensated for with a high alignment quality.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to form the impact portion on the tooth root surface, since the fixing element can be fixed axially on the toothed camshaft without additional design elements. This reduces the manufacturing effort and costs. Moreover, a technical advantage is achieved in that, for example, even if the camshaft is reground, the applied stress can be prevented from becoming free stress because plastic deformation is arranged at the tooth base. This means that the shape correction is maintained after the camshaft has been ground.

A toothed camshaft is a mechanical element in the form of a rod with a longitudinal recess on which at least one circular protrusion-cam-is attached. The shaft rotates on its own axis, and this rotational movement is repeatedly converted into a short-range longitudinal movement by a cam mounted thereon. The toothed camshaft is usually cast as an iron casting or forged from steel. In some applications, the camshaft is also referred to as a gear shaft.

The measuring device is a measuring system suitable for complete measurement of the camshaft. This requires, for example, geometric measurements, weight measurements and rotation characteristic determinations. Furthermore, the measuring device is able to determine, from the detected unbalance of the shaft, the position and the height of the stresses to be applied to the surface of the shaft, the applied stresses being able to cause a correction of the detected unbalance. For example, the measuring device may comprise a laser scanner.

The deforming means is a means adapted to plastically deform the surface of the shaft. Thus, any object having a hardness higher than the surface to be deformed is suitable for plastically influencing the microstructure on the surface. Since the stresses to be applied are limited to precisely defined positions in the tooth root of the toothed camshaft, the deformation device must be adapted to achieve plastic deformation with strong local restrictions in the range of units of millimeters.

Segmented according to the invention means that the plastic surface deformation is applied mainly to those points of the camshaft where the fixing elements are to be provided. Those areas of the toothed camshaft which exhibit plastic surface deformation to correct the imbalance but still lack a fixing element exhibit a bulge with a correspondingly low degree of deformation. At least, the shape of the impact portion at the point where there is no fixing element must be realized in such a way that the impact portion has no influence on the axial displacement of the toothed cam on the toothed camshaft.

The bulge according to the invention corresponds to the volume of displaced material produced by the deforming means. The impact must be significant so that the fixing element, which is a hub assembly, is covered between the outer contour of the toothed camshaft and the inner contour of the fixing element. Thus, the fixing element can be fixed.

According to a preferred design, the plastic surface deformation is performed by means of a needle device.

The needle device offers the possibility of forming plastic deformations at precisely defined points. The resulting stresses correct the imbalance measured previously, so that deviations in the shape of the toothed camshaft can be compensated for with high alignment quality. Accurate positioning can be achieved with relatively little effort and readily available technical means.

After another preferred design, the plastic surface deformation is applied symmetrically to the circumference of the camshaft.

It is advantageous to introduce deformations symmetrically on the circumference of the toothed camshaft, since plastic deformations cause shape deviations of the toothed camshaft, and these shape deviations cancel each other out with a symmetrical arrangement.

After the plastic surface deformation has been applied and the fixing element has been pushed onto the toothed camshaft, a further plastic surface deformation is applied and a further fixing element is pushed.

This has the advantage that a plurality of fixing elements and surface deformations can be arranged on the toothed camshaft.

Another preferred design is to apply plastic surface deformations and fixing elements to the toothed camshaft.

In order to efficiently arrange the fixing elements of the fixing sequence, the application of the plastic surface deformation and the sliding of the fixing elements onto the toothed camshaft are carried out one after the other along the longitudinal axis of the toothed camshaft.

In order to determine the shape deviations of the toothed camshaft precisely, the actual axis of rotation of the toothed camshaft is determined when the toothed camshaft is measured by a measuring device. Thus, the actual axis of rotation is used to align with the actual desired axis of rotation.

According to a further preferred embodiment, when measuring the toothed camshaft with the measuring device, the suitable position of the local surface deformation in the tooth root of the toothed camshaft and the stress required for correcting an imbalance of the toothed camshaft are determined.

This has the technical advantage that the plastic surface deformation is only applied to the extent necessary to achieve the straightening quality. In this way, the desired straightening quality is achieved very efficiently and reliably.

In order to be able to carry out the measurement efficiently and to achieve the highest possible accuracy, the toothed camshaft is measured with a laser scanner.

This object is achieved by the features of the method of use of the needle device.

The inventive method of using the needle device makes it possible, on the one hand, to correct imbalances of the camshaft and, on the other hand, to apply the bulge for fixing the fixing element. There are advantages similar to those already explained in connection with the inventive process for producing a camshaft.

This object is achieved by the features of the method of use of the applied plastic surface deformation. For example, plastic surface deformation can be performed with the needle device.

This object is achieved by a toothed camshaft.

With the use of the plastic surface deformation applied as well as the toothed camshaft described above, there are advantages similar to those already explained in connection with the inventive process for producing a camshaft or in connection with the inventive use of a needle device.

Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below using design examples with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. In which is shown:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a camshaft with an imbalance;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a camshaft having an imbalance, whereby plastic surface deformation is applied to the camshaft in sections;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a toothed camshaft, whereby the plastic surface deformation is applied in sections at the tooth roots of the toothed camshaft 12;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a toothed camshaft with a stationary element;

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a toothed camshaft with a stationary element;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a cross section of a toothed camshaft with a needle arrangement; and

fig. 7 shows a schematic view of the impulse generated by the needle device.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a camshaft 10 with an imbalance. The imbalance is caused by the previous machining step. Due to unbalance or shape deviations, the camshaft 10 lacks a certain straightening quality and it is necessary to straighten the shaft in order to correct the shape deviations to a tolerable level. The camshaft 10 can be designed as a toothed camshaft.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a camshaft 10 with an imbalance, whereby a plastic surface deformation 30 is applied in sections. The imbalance of the camshaft 10 is corrected by applying a locally formed plastic surface deformation 30. To correct the imbalance, the camshaft 10 must first be measured with a measuring device 50 (not shown). For example, the geometric axis of rotation of the camshaft 10 is compared to the actual axis of rotation. This makes it possible to accurately calculate the position and level of the stresses on the surface of the camshaft 10, which is necessary to correct the determined imbalance. The camshaft 10 can be measured with a laser scanner.

The local plastic surface deformation generates a target stress that compensates for the previously measured imbalance with high straightening quality. Plastic surface deformation is performed using a needle device 22 (see also fig. 6). The needle device 22 offers the possibility of forming plastic deformations at precisely defined points. Accurate positioning can be achieved with relatively little effort and readily available technical means.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a toothed camshaft 12, whereby a plastic surface deformation 30 is applied in sections in one tooth root. As with camshaft 10, the unbalance of camshaft 12 is first measured with measuring device 50 (not shown). Based on the measurements, the precise location and level of stress on the surface of the camshaft 12 required to correct the determined imbalance can be calculated. In the next step, a plastic surface deformation 30 is applied in the tooth root of the toothed camshaft 12 by means of the deformation device 20. This allows, for example, to ensure that the applied stresses are not released during further processing steps, such as over-grinding. In other words, grinding on the camshaft 12 does not affect the shape correction.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a toothed camshaft 12 with a fixing element 40. The toothed camshaft 12 has been measured and a local plastic surface deformation 30 has been applied to the surface of the toothed camshaft 12 using the deformation devices 20, 22. Therefore, the camshaft 12 is in a state where the imbalance previously determined has been corrected.

Each of the plastic surface deformations 30 forms an impact portion 32 (see fig. 7). At those points where the fixing element 40 has been applied to the toothed camshaft 12, the elevations 32 are so strong that there is an overlap in the fixing element between the outer contour of the toothed camshaft 12 and the inner contour of the fixing element 40. This overlap allows the fixing element 40 to be fixed on the toothed camshaft 12 by sliding the fixing element 40 onto the toothed camshaft 12.

Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of camshaft 12 with fixing element 40, without repeating the description of the same features as in the previous figures.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a cross section of a toothed camshaft 12 with a needle device 22 without repeating the description of the same features as in the previous figures.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic illustration of the impact portion 32 produced by the needle device 22, the impact portion 32 being applied in the tooth root of the toothed camshaft 12 by means of the deformation device 20, for example by means of the needle device 22.

A shaft is described which has no tooth connection over its entire length. Here, for example, the component (e.g. the sensor wheel) can be fixed in the non-serrated region by means of a ridge.

List of reference numerals

10 camshaft

12 cam shaft with teeth

20 deforming device

22-needle device

30 surface deformation

32 bumps

40 fixing element

50 measuring the device.