阅读说明：本技术 连续式低压过热蒸汽干燥设备及干燥方法 (Continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying equipment and drying method ) 是由 康宏彬 刘铭 吕豪 王雷 刘虎 杜治千 张三强 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了连续式低压过热蒸汽干燥设备,它包括冷凝器、电动机、液体增压器、蒸汽发生器、循环隔板传送带、前置动态运输弯管、蒸汽分配器、后置动态运输弯管和风干风机,本发明在干燥室前后设置带液体动态密封的物料输送系统,并增加了后处理环节,实现低压过热蒸汽干燥物料的连续性,降低批次干燥过程中抽真空、充放压过程中热能和介质的损耗。(The invention discloses continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying equipment, which comprises a condenser, a motor, a liquid supercharger, a steam generator, a circulating partition plate conveyor belt, a front dynamic conveying bent pipe, a steam distributor, a rear dynamic conveying bent pipe and an air drying fan.)

1. A continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying equipment is characterized in that: the device comprises a condenser (1), a motor (2), a liquid supercharger (4), a steam generator (6), a circulating partition plate conveyor belt (7), a front dynamic conveying elbow (12), a steam distributor (14), a rear dynamic conveying elbow (15) and an air drying fan (16), wherein the liquid supercharger (4) is used for providing pressure for non-condensable gas and condensed water output by the condenser (1) so that steam which is not cooled to form liquid water is discharged into the atmosphere and the condensed water is conveyed to the steam generator (6), the steam generator (6) is used for conveying the condensed water to the steam distributor (14) at the bottom of a drying chamber (20), the steam distributor (14) is used for outputting superheated steam in the drying chamber (20), and the steam output end of the drying chamber (20) is used for guiding the superheated steam which absorbs moisture in materials into the condenser (1);

the circulating partition plate conveying belt (7) is used for carrying out circulating conveying under the driving of the motor (2), the circulating partition plate conveying belt (7) sequentially penetrates through the interiors of the front dynamic conveying bent pipe (12), the drying chamber (20) and the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe (15) in the circulating conveying process, the air drying fan (16) faces the part, behind the output end of the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe (15), of the circulating partition plate conveying belt (7), a plurality of partition plates (21) are arranged on the circulating partition plate conveying belt (7), two adjacent partition plates (21) form a material conveying room, the material conveying room is used for containing materials in the conveying process, and sealing liquid (18) can be filled in the front dynamic conveying bent pipe (12) and the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe (15);

the portion of the circulating barrier conveyor (7) within the drying chamber (20) is located above the steam distributor (14).

2. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the front dynamic transportation bent pipe (12) is provided with a stock bin (5), the output end of the front dynamic transportation bent pipe (12) extends into the side wall of the drying chamber (20) and is sealed with the side wall, and the input end of the rear dynamic transportation bent pipe (15) extends into the side wall of the drying chamber (20) and is sealed with the side wall;

the only bending part of the front dynamic transportation elbow (12) is positioned below the position between the input end and the output end of the front dynamic transportation elbow (12), and the only bending part of the rear dynamic transportation elbow (15) is positioned below the position between the input end and the output end of the rear dynamic transportation elbow (15).

3. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: spacing gyro wheel (19) are all installed at the top of every baffle (21), circulation baffle conveyer belt (7) when passing leading dynamic transportation return bend (12) and rearmounted dynamic transportation return bend (15) inside, spacing gyro wheel (19) can contact the upper wall of leading dynamic transportation return bend (12) and rearmounted dynamic transportation return bend (15) kink, realize circulation baffle conveyer belt (7) at the supplementary direction of leading dynamic transportation return bend (12) and rearmounted dynamic transportation return bend (15) kink.

4. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying device further comprises a plurality of guide rollers (17), the guide rollers (17) are respectively arranged at each turning part of the circulating partition plate conveying belt (7) for forming circulating transmission, and the bottom surface of the circulating partition plate conveying belt (7) is matched with the guide rollers (17).

5. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: two guide rollers (17) support a part of circulating partition plate conveyor belts (7) behind the output end of the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe (15) into a horizontal air drying area, and an air drying fan (16) is used for air-drying materials in the horizontal air drying area.

6. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying chamber (20) is provided with a pressure pump (10), and the pressure pump (10) is used for enabling the air pressure in the drying chamber (5) to reach a preset value.

7. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: a temperature sensor (9) is arranged in the drying chamber (20), the signal output end of the temperature sensor (9) is connected with a temperature control box (11), and the control signal output end of the temperature control box (11) is connected with the superheated steam temperature control signal input end of the steam distributor (14).

8. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output end of the steam generator (6) is connected with the input end of a steam distributor (14) through a steam downcomer (13).

9. A continuous low pressure superheated steam drying plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam output end of the drying chamber (20) is connected with the input end of the condenser (1) through a steam upper conduit (8).

10. A low pressure superheated steam drying method using the apparatus of claim 5, comprising the steps of:

step 1: starting a steam generator (6) to generate superheated steam, filling the superheated steam into a drying chamber (20) through a steam distributor (14), and discharging oxygen through a front dynamic transport elbow (12) and a rear dynamic transport elbow (15);

step 2: filling sealing liquid (18) into the front dynamic transportation elbow (12) and the rear dynamic transportation elbow (15);

and step 3: starting the pressure pump (10) to reduce the pressure in the drying chamber (20) to be less than the external atmospheric pressure until reaching a preset air pressure value;

and 4, step 4: starting the motor (2), wherein the motor (2) drives the speed reducer (3), and the output wheel of the speed reducer (3) drives the circulating clapboard conveyor belt (7) to carry out circulating conveying;

and 5: putting the materials into a bin (5) of a front dynamic conveying bent pipe (12), leading the materials into a corresponding material conveying room of a circulating partition plate conveyor belt (7) in the bin (5), conveying the materials into a drying chamber (20) through the front dynamic conveying bent pipe (12) under the conveying of the material conveying room, and drying the materials by superheated steam in the drying chamber (20);

step 6: the material after superheated steam drying enters a horizontal air drying area through a rear dynamic conveying bent pipe (15) under the conveying of a material conveying room, and secondary drying is carried out through an air drying fan (16), so that sealing liquid (18) on the surface of the material is air-dried.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying equipment and a drying method.

Background

The Chinese medicinal materials, fruit slices and vegetable materials can be stored for a long time after being dried. The current mainstream drying adopts low-temperature hot air drying, vacuum drying, freeze drying and the like, the low-temperature hot air drying causes material surface oxidation to influence the quality, and the vacuum drying and the freeze drying have the problems of high drying cost and the like. The low-pressure superheated steam is low in temperature in a low-pressure state, the low-pressure superheated steam is used as a drying medium to dry materials by utilizing the characteristic, the drying quality of the materials can be guaranteed, the energy consumption is reduced, the low-pressure superheated steam equipment is limited by the capacity of a drying chamber at present, most of the low-pressure superheated steam equipment is dried in batches, and the production efficiency is greatly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying equipment and a drying method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying equipment, which comprises a condenser, a motor, a liquid pressurizer, a steam generator, a circulating partition plate conveyor belt, a front dynamic conveying bent pipe, a steam distributor, a rear dynamic conveying bent pipe and an air drying fan, wherein the liquid pressurizer is used for providing pressure for non-condensable gas and condensed water output by the condenser, so that the steam which is not cooled to form liquid water is discharged into the atmosphere, and the condensed water is conveyed to the steam generator;

the circulating partition plate conveying belt is used for circularly conveying under the driving of a motor, the circulating partition plate conveying belt sequentially penetrates through the front dynamic conveying bent pipe, the drying chamber and the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe in the circulating conveying process, the air drying fan faces the part of the circulating partition plate conveying belt behind the output end of the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe, the circulating partition plate conveying belt is provided with a plurality of partition plates, two adjacent partition plates form a material conveying room, the material conveying room is used for containing materials in the material conveying process, and sealing liquid can be filled in the front dynamic conveying bent pipe and the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe;

the portion of the circulating barrier conveyor belt within the drying chamber is above the steam distributor.

A low-pressure superheated steam drying method utilizing the equipment comprises the following steps:

step 1: starting a steam generator to generate superheated steam, filling the superheated steam into a drying chamber through a steam distributor, and discharging oxygen through a front dynamic transport bent pipe and a rear dynamic transport bent pipe;

step 2: filling sealing liquid into the front dynamic transportation bent pipe and the rear dynamic transportation bent pipe;

and step 3: starting the pressure pump to reduce the pressure in the drying chamber to be less than the external atmospheric pressure until the pressure reaches a preset air pressure value;

and 4, step 4: starting a motor, driving a speed reducer by the motor, and driving a circulating clapboard conveyor belt to carry out circulating conveying by an output wheel of the speed reducer;

and 5: putting the materials into a bin of a front dynamic conveying bent pipe, leading the materials into a corresponding material conveying room of a circulating partition plate conveyor belt in the bin, conveying the materials into a drying chamber through the front dynamic conveying bent pipe under the conveying of the material conveying room, and drying the materials by superheated steam in the drying chamber;

step 6: the material after the superheated steam drying enters a horizontal air drying area through a rear dynamic conveying bent pipe under the conveying of the material conveying room, and secondary drying is carried out through an air drying fan, so that the sealing liquid on the surface of the material is air-dried.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the invention adopts the circulating clapboard conveyor belt conveyor assembly, realizes sectional material sending without stopping and re-creating low-pressure and high-temperature environment, can realize drying by adjusting the pressure temperature and the running speed of the circulating clapboard conveyor belt conveyor according to different materials, and can realize equal quantity and same drying condition of the materials sent out each time.

2. According to the invention, the preposed dynamic conveying bent pipe and the postpositive dynamic conveying bent pipe are filled with the sealing liquid, so that the temperature and the pressure in the drying chamber are unchanged, and oxygen can be prevented from entering the drying chamber again to oxidize the material.

3. The invention uses low-pressure superheated steam, in order to shorten the drying time of materials, realize quick drying, prevent the loss of effective components and improve the quality of products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic structural view of a front dynamic transport elbow according to the present invention.

The system comprises a condenser, a motor, a speed reducer, a liquid supercharger, a storage bin, a steam generator, a circulating partition plate conveyor belt, a steam upper guide pipe, a temperature sensor, a pressure pump, a temperature control box, a front dynamic conveying bent pipe, a steam lower guide pipe, a steam distributor, a rear dynamic conveying bent pipe, a steam drying fan, a guide roller, a sealing liquid, a limiting roller, a drying chamber and a partition plate, wherein the condenser is 1-1, the motor is 2-3, the speed reducer is 3-4, the liquid supercharger is 4, the storage bin is 5-6, the steam generator is 7-7, the circulating partition plate conveyor belt is 8-upper guide pipe, the temperature sensor is 9.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:

a continuous low-pressure superheated steam drying device as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which comprises a condenser 1, a motor 2, a liquid pressurizer 4, a steam generator 6, a circulating baffle conveyer belt 7, a front dynamic conveying elbow 12, a steam distributor 14, a rear dynamic conveying elbow 15 and an air drying fan 16, wherein the liquid pressurizer 4 is used for providing pressure for non-condensable gas and condensed water output by the condenser 1, the steam which is not cooled to form liquid water is discharged into the atmosphere, and the condensed water is conveyed to the steam generator 6, the steam generator 6 is used for conveying the condensed water to the steam distributor 14 at the bottom of a drying chamber 20, the steam distributor 14 is used for outputting superheated steam in the drying chamber 20, and a steam output end of the drying chamber 20 is used for guiding the superheated steam which absorbs moisture in materials into the condenser 1;

the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 is used for carrying out circulating conveying under the driving of the motor 2, the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 sequentially penetrates through the interior of the front dynamic conveying elbow 12, the drying chamber 20 and the rear dynamic conveying elbow 15 in the circulating conveying process, the air drying fan 16 faces the part, behind the output end of the rear dynamic conveying elbow 15, of the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7, the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 is provided with a plurality of partition plates 21, two adjacent partition plates 21 form a material conveying room, the material conveying room is used for containing materials in the conveying process, and the front dynamic conveying elbow 12 and the rear dynamic conveying elbow 15 can be filled with sealing liquid 18 (water);

the portion of the circulating barrier conveyor 7 within the drying chamber 20 is above the steam distributor 14.

The front dynamic transport elbow 12 and the rear dynamic transport elbow 15 are both arranged on the ground through corresponding supports.

In the technical scheme, the input end of the front dynamic transport elbow 12 is provided with a bin 5, the output end of the front dynamic transport elbow 12 extends into the side wall of the drying chamber 20 and is sealed with the side wall, and the input end of the rear dynamic transport elbow 15 extends into the side wall of the drying chamber 20 and is sealed with the side wall;

the only bending part of the front dynamic transport elbow 12 is positioned below the position between the input end and the output end of the front dynamic transport elbow 12, and the only bending part of the rear dynamic transport elbow 15 is positioned below the position between the input end and the output end of the rear dynamic transport elbow 15.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, spacing gyro wheel 19 is all installed at the top of every baffle 21, circulation baffle conveyer belt 7 is when passing leading dynamic transportation return bend 12 and rearmounted dynamic transportation return bend 15 inside, and spacing gyro wheel 19 can contact the upper wall of leading dynamic transportation return bend 12 and rearmounted dynamic transportation return bend 15 kink, realizes circulation baffle conveyer belt 7 at the supplementary direction of leading dynamic transportation return bend 12 and rearmounted dynamic transportation return bend 15 kink.

In the technical scheme, the device further comprises a plurality of guide rollers 17, the guide rollers 17 are respectively arranged at each turning part of the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 for forming circulating transmission, and the bottom surface of the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 is matched with the guide rollers 17.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, two guide rollers 17 prop into horizontal air-dry district with partly circulation baffle conveyer belt 7 behind the 15 output ends of rearmounted developments transportation return bend, and air-dry fan 16 is used for air-drying the material in horizontal air-dry district and handles.

In the above technical solution, the drying chamber 20 is provided with the pressure pump 10, and the pressure pump 10 is used for reducing the air pressure in the drying chamber 5 to 0.1992 × 10⁵Pa。

In the above technical scheme, a temperature sensor 9 is arranged in the drying chamber 20, a signal output end of the temperature sensor 9 is connected with a temperature control box 11, and a control signal output end of the temperature control box 11 is connected with a superheated steam temperature control signal input end of a steam distributor 14. And closed-loop control of the temperature of the drying chamber is realized.

In the above technical solution, the output end of the steam generator 6 is connected with the input end of the steam distributor 14 through the steam downcomer 13. The steam distributor 14 allows superheated steam to be uniformly filled into the drying chamber 20.

In the above technical solution, the steam output end of the drying chamber 20 is connected to the input end of the condenser 1 through the steam upper conduit 8.

According to the invention, the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 is adopted, so that continuous feeding and discharging are realized, the material enters the drying chamber from the front dynamic conveying bent pipe 12, as shown in figure 1, slowly runs from the left side of the drying chamber 20 to the right side of the drying chamber 20, and is then sent out from the rear dynamic conveying bent pipe 15, so that the material can be fully dried in the period, the time is saved, and continuous drying is realized; the invention uses the superheated steam for drying, so that the interior of the drying chamber 20 can be in an oxygen-free environment, and the materials are prevented from being oxidized to influence the quality of the materials; the invention uses low-pressure superheated steam to dry the material, reduces the pressure to reduce the temperature of water evaporation in the material, can finish drying in the environment between 40 ℃ and 60 ℃, and does not influence the heat-sensitive material.

A low-pressure superheated steam drying method utilizing the equipment comprises the following steps:

step 1: starting a steam generator 6 to generate superheated steam, filling the superheated steam into a drying chamber 20 through a steam distributor 14, and discharging oxygen through a front dynamic transport elbow 12 and a rear dynamic transport elbow 15;

step 2: the front dynamic transportation elbow 12 and the rear dynamic transportation elbow 15 are filled with sealing liquid 18;

and step 3: starting the pressure pump 10 to reduce the pressure in the drying chamber 20 to be less than the external atmospheric pressure until reaching a preset air pressure value;

and 4, step 4: starting the motor 2, driving the speed reducer 3 by the motor 2, and driving the circulating clapboard conveyor belt 7 by the output wheel of the speed reducer 3 for circulating conveying;

and 5: placing the materials into a bin 5 of a front dynamic conveying elbow 12, leading the materials into a corresponding material conveying room of a circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 in the bin 5, conveying the materials into a drying chamber 20 through the front dynamic conveying elbow 12 under the conveying of the material conveying room, and drying the materials by superheated steam in the drying chamber 20;

step 6: the material dried by superheated steam enters a horizontal air drying area through a rear dynamic conveying bent pipe 15 under the conveying of a material conveying room, secondary drying is carried out through an air drying fan 16, so that sealing liquid 18 on the surface of the material is air-dried and then discharged, after discharging, the material conveying room of the circulating partition plate conveying belt 7 circulates back to the storage bin 5, and the material is driven again;

and 7: after the drying is finished, the motor 2 stops, the circulating partition plate conveyor belt 7 stops working, the drying chamber 20 is firstly pressurized to the atmospheric pressure, and then the sealing liquid 18 in the front dynamic conveying elbow 12 and the rear dynamic conveying elbow 15 is discharged.

Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.