阅读说明：本技术 一种猴头菇小肽的制备方法 (Preparation method of hericium erinaceus small peptide ) 是由 刘�英 蔡建平 于 2019-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种猴头菇小肽的制备方法,涉及植物提取技术领域。其技术要点是：一种猴头菇小肽的制备方法,包括如下步骤：(1)粉碎,将猴头菇洗净干燥后粉碎处理,制得猴头菇超微粉；(2)将猴头菇超微粉加入到去离子水中,在45-55℃下充分搅拌均匀,得到猴头菇提取液；(3)将猴头菇提取液加热至80-90℃,搅拌1-3h,冷却至45-55℃,加入复合酶,酶解2-3h,灭酶,得到酶解液；(4)将酶解液在4500-5500r/min的转速下离心8-12min,收集上清液,得到猴头菇小肽粗液；(5)将猴头菇小肽粗液减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,得到猴头菇小肽。采用本发明中的制备方法制得的猴头菇小肽具有纯净、安全性高的优点。(The invention discloses a preparation method of hericium erinaceus small peptide, and relates to the technical field of plant extraction. The technical key points are as follows: a preparation method of hericium erinaceus small peptide comprises the following steps: (1) pulverizing, cleaning Hericium erinaceus, drying, and pulverizing to obtain Hericium erinaceus micropowder; (2) adding the hericium erinaceus superfine powder into deionized water, and fully and uniformly stirring at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a hericium erinaceus extracting solution; (3) heating Hericium erinaceus extract to 80-90 deg.C, stirring for 1-3 hr, cooling to 45-55 deg.C, adding complex enzyme, performing enzymolysis for 2-3 hr, and inactivating enzyme to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate; (4) centrifuging the enzymolysis liquid for 8-12min at the rotating speed of 4500-; (5) and (3) concentrating the crude hericium erinaceus small peptide liquid under reduced pressure, and performing spray drying to obtain the hericium erinaceus small peptide. The hericium erinaceus small peptide prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of purity and high safety.)

1. A preparation method of hericium erinaceus small peptide is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pulverizing, cleaning Hericium erinaceus, drying, and pulverizing to obtain Hericium erinaceus micropowder;

(2) adding the hericium erinaceus superfine powder into deionized water, and fully and uniformly stirring at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a hericium erinaceus extracting solution;

(3) heating Hericium erinaceus extract to 80-90 deg.C, stirring for 1-3 hr, cooling to 45-55 deg.C, adding complex enzyme, performing enzymolysis for 2-3 hr, and inactivating enzyme to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate;

(4) centrifuging the enzymolysis liquid for 8-12min at the rotating speed of 4500-;

(5) and (3) concentrating the crude hericium erinaceus small peptide liquid under reduced pressure, and performing spray drying to obtain the hericium erinaceus small peptide.

2. The preparation method of the hericium erinaceus small peptide according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the particle size of the hericium erinaceus ultra-fine powder is 0.5-1 mm.

3. The preparation method of the hericium erinaceus small peptide according to claim 1, wherein the hericium erinaceus ultra-fine powder is further subjected to soaking treatment for 1-2 hours and is sterilized by microwaves.

4. The preparation method of the hericium erinaceus small peptide according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the hericium erinaceus superfine powder to the deionized water in (2) is 1 (10-20).

5. The preparation method of the hericium erinaceus small peptide according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of (2) are as follows: adding Hericium erinaceus micropowder into deionized water, and ultrasonic extracting at 45-55 deg.C for 0.5-1 hr to obtain Hericium erinaceus extractive solution, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 25-50 KHz.

6. The method for preparing hericium erinaceus small peptides according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of snail digestive enzyme, trypsin, serine aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase A.

7. The method for preparing hericium erinaceus small peptides according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of snail digestive enzyme, trypsin, serine aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase A is (0.2-0.6): (0.6-1): (0.8-1.2).

8. The method for preparing hericium erinaceus small peptides according to claim 1, wherein in (5), the concentration under reduced pressure is specifically set as: concentrating under reduced pressure the crude Hericium erinaceus small peptide solution at 30 deg.C and-0.07 MPa to 1/4-1/2.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant extraction, in particular to a preparation method of hericium erinaceus small peptide.

Background

The small peptide, i.e. the small molecule active peptide, is a biochemical substance between amino acid and protein, has a molecular weight smaller than that of protein and larger than that of amino acid, and is a fragment of protein. Two or more amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form an "amino acid chain" or "amino acid string" called a peptide. Among them, peptides consisting of 10 or more amino acids are called polypeptides, peptides consisting of 2 to 9 amino acids are called oligopeptides, and peptides consisting of 2 to 4 amino acids are called small peptides or small peptides.

The invention discloses a hericium erinaceus small molecular peptide solid beverage and a preparation method thereof in Chinese invention patent with publication number CN107751702A, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps: 1. pre-treating; 2. microwave sterilization; 3. extracting under high pressure difference; 4. separating filtrate and filter residue; 5. carrying out enzymolysis; 6. separating and purifying; 7. drying into dry powder; 8. and (5) granulating. In the process of extracting the hericium erinaceus small molecular peptides, ethanol is used as an extraction solvent for extraction, and similar to the extraction method of adding alcohol or an organic solvent, the organic solvent may be remained in the extract, and the hericium erinaceus small peptides are difficult to separate in post-treatment, so that the hericium erinaceus small peptides have the defect of uncleanness.

Therefore, a new solution is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the hericium erinaceus small peptide.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of hericium erinaceus small peptide comprises the following steps:

(1) pulverizing, cleaning Hericium erinaceus, drying, and pulverizing to obtain Hericium erinaceus micropowder;

(2) adding the hericium erinaceus superfine powder into deionized water, and fully and uniformly stirring at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a hericium erinaceus extracting solution;

(3) heating Hericium erinaceus extract to 80-90 deg.C, stirring for 1-3 hr, cooling to 45-55 deg.C, adding complex enzyme, performing enzymolysis for 2-3 hr, and inactivating enzyme to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate;

(4) centrifuging the enzymolysis liquid for 8-12min at the rotating speed of 4500-;

(5) and (3) concentrating the crude hericium erinaceus small peptide liquid under reduced pressure, and performing spray drying to obtain the hericium erinaceus small peptide.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hericium erinaceus small peptide can enable patients with more than 70 diseases such as sub-health, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the like to be healthy, is free from harm of antibiotics and hormones to human life, can be quickly dissolved into blood, repair damaged cells of human beings, accelerate generation of new cells, and also has the effects of promoting blood circulation, reducing the content of cholesterol in the blood, enhancing immunity, soothing nerves, helping digestion and resisting gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. The invention adopts an ultrasonic-assisted water extraction method, avoids adding alcohol or organic solvent, selects the optimal extraction process conditions, and has the characteristics of cleanness and safety of the extracted hericium erinaceus small peptide under the condition of ensuring high extraction rate and high extraction rate.

More preferably, in the step (1), the particle size of the hericium erinaceus ultrafine powder is 0.5-1 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the small peptides in the hericium erinaceus are generally distributed in cells and intercellular substance and mainly take the cells as main materials, so that the small peptide substances in the hericium erinaceus can be released maximally and quickly only by breaking the hericium erinaceus cells, and the superfine powder is prepared by crushing the hericium erinaceus, so that the particle size of the superfine powder is 0.5-1mm, and therefore, the small peptide substances in the hericium erinaceus can be released maximally during extraction, and the extraction rate is ensured to be high; however, in the process of crushing the hericium erinaceus small peptides, the smaller the size is, the better the size is, the smaller the size is, the surface activity is enhanced, the interaction among particles is increased, the powder is easy to aggregate, the dissolution amount and dissolution rate of the small peptide substances are reduced, and the extraction.

More preferably, the hericium erinaceus superfine powder is further soaked for 1-2 hours and is sterilized by microwaves.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cell wall of the hericium erinaceus cells can be softened through soaking treatment, so that the hericium erinaceus cells are easy to break in the subsequent extraction process, active peptide substances in the cells can permeate out through the cell wall, and the extraction efficiency and the extraction rate of the active peptides are improved. In addition, microwave sterilization treatment is adopted to avoid the pollution and utilization of separated small peptide substances by bacteria and improve the extraction purity of the small peptides.

More preferably, in the step (2), the weight ratio of the hericium erinaceus-removed superfine powder to the deionized water is 1 (10-20).

By adopting the technical scheme, deionized water is used as an extraction solvent, no alcohol or organic solvent is added, and the optimal extraction process conditions are selected, so that the extracted hericium erinaceus small peptide has the characteristics of cleanness and no residual organic solvent under the condition of ensuring high extraction rate and high extraction rate, and the subsequent solvent treatment process is not needed.

More preferably, the specific steps of (2) are as follows: adding Hericium erinaceus micropowder into deionized water, and ultrasonic extracting at 45-55 deg.C for 0.5-1 hr to obtain Hericium erinaceus extractive solution, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 25-50 KHz.

By adopting the technical scheme, the ultrasonic wave is a mechanical wave which is transmitted in the elastic medium and has a vibration frequency higher than that of the sound wave, can generate and transmit larger energy, gives great acceleration to small solid particles, and depolymerizes the solid particles when the energy received inside the particles is enough to overcome the constraint energy of the structure, thereby promoting the dissolution of effective active substances in cells, controlling the ultrasonic frequency, ensuring that the active substances such as protein in hericium erinaceus cells can be fully dissolved, and facilitating the extraction.

More preferably, the complex enzyme is prepared by mixing snail digestive enzyme, trypsin, serine aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase A.

By adopting the technical scheme, the snail digestive enzyme can decompose the cell wall of fungi, including mould, mushroom and the like, and can decompose the cell wall of the fungi to form protoplast, so that the active peptide substance is dissolved from the hericium erinaceus cells; trypsin is an endonuclease and can act on peptide bonds in protein molecules to cut polypeptide chains with large molecular weight from the middle to form smaller prion and peptone; the serine aminopeptidase and the carboxypeptidase A belong to exonucleases, mainly act on the tail end of an amino acid, are compounded by adopting various enzymes, and cut off proteins and polypeptide chains from various sites, so that the extraction rate of the hericium erinaceus small peptides is greatly improved.

Further preferably, the mass ratio of the snail digestive enzyme, the trypsin, the serine aminopeptidase and the carboxypeptidase A is (0.2-0.6): (0.6-1): (0.8-1.2).

By adopting the technical scheme and adopting a proper protease proportion, the protein is completely dissolved out of the hericium erinaceus cells and then decomposed into small peptides, and the content of the prepared small peptide substances is greatly improved.

More preferably, (5) the concentration under reduced pressure is specifically set to: concentrating under reduced pressure the crude Hericium erinaceus small peptide solution at 30 deg.C and-0.07 MPa to 1/4-1/2.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention adopts an ultrasonic-assisted water extraction method, avoids adding alcohol or organic solvent, selects the optimal extraction process conditions, and has the characteristics of cleanness and safety of the extracted cordyceps sinensis extract under the condition of ensuring high extraction rate and high extraction rate;

(2) the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the working procedures are simple, and the extraction rate of the prepared hericium erinaceus small peptides is high on the basis of high extraction efficiency;

(3) the invention adopts the compounding of various enzymes, cuts off protein and polypeptide chain from various sites, and greatly improves the extraction rate of the hericium erinaceus small peptide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples. It is to be noted that those not indicated for specific conditions, carried out under the conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, and those not indicated for the reagents or equipment, are conventional products which can be obtained by commercially purchasing them.